JP2001166197A - Range-finding correcting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a photographing device to execute photographing in a highly accurately focused state without causing any focusing deviation even by executing range-finding for focusing an object part in the periphery of a photographing composition by operating the direction of a camera part after a desired composition is obtained by directing the camera part to the desired target position of an object or executing reverse operation, and to provide a panhead used therefor. SOLUTION: This photographing device is provided with a shake angle measuring part detecting at least either of the pan shake angle and the tilt shake angle of the camera part at a camera attaching part, and the calculation of a focusing correction value is executed based on the pan shake angle and the tilt shake angle detected by the shake angle measuring part.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a photographing apparatus which corrects distance measurement information of a non-target position based on angle information between a target position direction and a non-target position direction of the subject to focus the subject. And a head used for the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When taking a picture with a camera having a distance measuring sensor, the target position of the subject may not coincide with the detection area of the distance measuring sensor depending on the composition. In such a case, the camera is equipped with a focus lock function that changes the direction of the camera to the non-target position of the subject, performs distance measurement and focusing operation, and returns to the target composition while maintaining the focused state. There is a camera. In this camera, the measured distance to the non-target position and the focal distance to the target position do not match, that is, the measured distance to the non-target position becomes larger than the focal distance to the target position, and the focusing error or focus Deviation was inevitable. This defocus,
The larger the non-target position is, the larger the position near the target composition is.

That is, FIG. 1 shows a relationship between a photographing frame of a finder of a camera, a detection area of a measurement sensor, and a subject when photographing. When photographing is to be performed in the photographing frame shown by the solid line frame 1, a photographing target portion that the photographer wants to focus best, that is, the subject, is set in the distance measuring region 3 indicating the region to be measured by the distance measuring device. The destination position is not included. If the distance measuring device is operated as it is, the distance measuring device does not operate properly as desired, or an unintended subject portion is measured. As a method for solving this inconvenience, assuming that the target position of the subject and the petals 5 are at the same distance from the camera, the direction of the camera is changed to adjust the distance measurement area 3 to the petals, and the position is changed to the shooting frame indicated by the dotted frame 2 Change
Distance measurement based on petal 5 is performed. However, a distance measurement value obtained by changing the shooting frame at the time of distance measurement to the distance measurement area 4 includes a distance measurement error as described in detail below.

FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams showing the principle that a distance measurement error occurs when the distance is measured by changing the direction of the camera. FIG. 2 shows the principle when the optical axis O of the camera lens and the rotation axis when changing the direction of the camera intersect. Now, it is assumed that the plane P including the points _Poh and _P1h is focused. When determining the composition, the optical axis O of the camera lens passes through a point _Poh on the plane P. However, the point P _oh because there is no object part as a focus criterion, it is necessary to perform distance measurement by changing the direction of the camera to the subject portion of the point P _1h. Assuming that a rotation axis for changing the direction of the camera is Q _h and a shake angle of the camera is σ, the following relationship is established, and a focusing error occurs.

[0005]

(Equation 1) FIG. 3 shows the principle in the case where the optical axis O of the camera lens and the rotation axis when the direction of the camera is changed are not intersecting and are apart. Now, it is assumed that the plane P including the points P _ov and P _1v is focused. When determining the composition, the optical axis O of the camera lens passes through the point _Pov . However, since the point _Pov does not have a subject portion serving as a focusing reference, it is necessary to change the direction of the camera to the subject at the point _P1v to perform distance measurement. The rotation axis for changing the direction of this camera is defined as a point P from Q _v , Q _v
After shaking the camera around the point Q _ov , the camera shake angle θ, and the rotation axis Q _v at the intersection of the line perpendicular to the optical axis O of the camera lens facing _ov and the optical axis O of the camera lens. the intersection of Q _{1 v} of the optical axis O of the line and the camera lens drawn perpendicular to the optical axis O of the camera lens, the rotation axis Q from the axis of rotation Q _v
Assuming that the distance to the optical axis O of the camera lens after the camera is shaken about _v is m, the following relationship is established.

[0006]

(Equation 2) As shown in Expressions (1) and (2), when distance measurement is performed while changing the direction of the camera, the distance measurement value includes an error and needs to be corrected.

[0007]

In order to solve such a problem, by providing a plurality of detection areas of the distance measurement sensor, the probability that the target position of the subject coincides with the detection area of the distance measurement sensor is increased. There is a camera. A camera provided with a plurality of such detection regions can prevent a focus shift due to a mismatch between a measurement distance to a non-target position and a focusing distance to a target position of the camera having the focus lock function described above.

However, if the detection area of the distance measuring sensor increases, it becomes difficult to indicate the target position, and the fact that the detection area increases does not necessarily make them coincide with the target position of the subject. Not exclusively. Therefore, when strict distance measurement is to be performed, in addition to the indication of the area, it is necessary to perform the operation of the camera direction similar to the camera having the focus lock function, and the operability and focusing accuracy are not improved. It is not a complete solution to the problem.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and has a camera section directed to a desired target position of a subject, a desired composition, and the direction of the camera section is operated. Even if distance measurement for focusing is performed toward the subject part around the shooting composition, or the reverse operation is performed, it is possible to perform shooting with high precision without causing a focus shift. It is an object of the present invention to provide a photographing apparatus capable of performing the above and a camera platform used for the same.

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a camera mounting portion is provided with a shake angle measuring section for detecting at least one of a pan shake angle and a tilt shake angle of the camera section, and a pan shake output from the shake angle measuring section is provided. A photographing apparatus that calculates a focus correction value based on an angle and a tilt shake angle.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a camera unit having a distance measuring sensor, a camera mounting unit having a shake angle measuring unit for detecting at least one of a pan shake angle and a tilt shake angle of the attached camera unit, This is an automatic focusing photographing apparatus including a focusing control unit that corrects an output of a distance measuring sensor based on an output of a shake angle measuring unit to perform focusing.

A third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a shake angle measuring unit for detecting at least one of a pan shake angle and a tilt shake angle of a mounted camera is provided in a pan / tilt photographing camera platform. It is a pan head.

An embodiment of the present invention is as follows. The camera mount of the camera platform may include a contact for transmitting an output of the deflection angle measurement unit to a camera. In this embodiment, it is possible to perform signal connection between the camera platform and the camera provided with the shake angle measuring unit that detects at least one of the pan shake angle and the tilt shake angle of the attached camera without using a connection line. Has an effect. The camera platform has a shake angle limiting mechanism that limits at least one of a pan shake angle range and a tilt shake angle range of the camera attached. In this embodiment, when performing distance measurement after the shooting composition is determined in advance, the effect that the camera is prevented from becoming unstable due to a large inclination and from falling down on a tripod to which the camera is attached can be prevented. Having.

[0014]

The present invention detects the angle between the direction of the optical axis of the camera at the time of photographing and the direction of the optical axis of the camera at the time of distance measurement, and determines the distance to the target position and the non-target position of the subject at the time of photographing. The ratio to the distance to the subject at the time of a certain distance measurement is obtained by the calculation means, the focal length information of the lens is obtained from the storage means provided on the lens, the extension amount of the lens provided on the lens The extension amount of the lens from the encoder Compute information. The image plane shift amount generated on the film equivalent plane, which is included in the calculation result of the feed amount information, is further calculated, and the feed amount is corrected so that more accurate ranging information can be obtained. Further, the value of the distance between the optical axis of the camera lens and the rotation axis when the direction of the camera is changed is obtained from the storage means provided in the body, and the value of the forward and backward movement of the camera caused by the difference in the direction is calculated. The image plane deviation amount is further corrected so that a more accurate distance measurement value can be obtained.

[0015]

According to the present invention, after the camera section is directed to a desired target position of a subject to form a desired composition, the direction of the camera section is operated to focus on a subject portion around the shooting composition. It is possible to configure a photographing apparatus capable of performing high-precision focused photographing without causing a focus shift even when performing distance measurement for the purpose of performing the reverse operation, and a camera platform used for the same. Has an effect that can be.

In particular, according to the first aspect, the distance measurement value of the distance measuring device is manually or automatically corrected by the calculated focus correction value or a value obtained by appropriately adjusting the focus correction value, and the height of the desired target position is corrected. This has the effect of enabling accurate focusing.

According to the second aspect of the invention, there is an effect that the distance measurement value of the distance measurement sensor is automatically corrected by the pan deflection angle or the like, so that a desired target position can be focused with high accuracy.

According to the third aspect of the invention, the distance measurement value of the non-target position of the attached camera is corrected based on the shake angle value output from the camera platform, and the desired target position is focused with high accuracy. Has the effect that can.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 4 and 5 are external views of a camera platform showing the embodiment of the present invention. The pedestal portion 41 is attached to a tripod (not shown) by a camera platform attaching mechanism (not shown). Pan unit 4 provided on pedestal 41
2 is rotatable about a pan rotation axis 43 perpendicular to the pedestal 41 (hereinafter, this rotation is referred to as pan rotation). The tilt unit 44 provided on the pan unit 42 has a tilt rotation axis 45 with respect to the pan unit 42.
(Hereinafter, this rotation is referred to as tilt rotation). A camera (not shown) is connected to a tilt rotation axis 4 by a camera fixing screw 46 provided on the tilt unit 44.
5 is mounted so that the optical axis O of the camera lens is orthogonal to the camera lens 5.

Normally, the pan unit 42 and the tilt unit 44 are fixed by a lock mechanism so as not to rotate the pan / tilt. However, when the lock release knob 47 is released, the pan / tilt rotation is stopped. It becomes possible, and the direction of the camera can be changed.

By operating the lock release knob 47 in the unlocking direction, that is, in the direction of arrow e in FIG. 6, within the angle range indicated by arrow e, the cam ring 48 integrally formed with the lock release knob 47 is rotated by a predetermined angle range. . First, as shown in FIG. 6, the cam surface CA provided on the inner periphery of the cam ring 48 causes the pan rotation sleeve 4 to rotate.
Lock lever 50 pressed against depression 9a of 9
Cancel. The protrusion of the lock lever 50 retracts in the outer peripheral direction, and the pan rotation sleeve 49 can rotate.
Since the pan rotation sleeve 49 is fixed to the pedestal portion 41, the pan unit 42 can be rotated by the pan when the lock is released.

Further, the lock release knob 47 is rotated by operating the lock release knob 47 in the release direction, that is, in the direction indicated by the arrow f in FIG. Thereby, the position of the concave portion DE of the cam provided on the bottom surface side shown in FIG. 8 matches the position of the convex portion 42a provided on the pan unit 42, and the tilt unit 44 can be tilted. FIG. 7 shows a form of the lock lever 50 and the cam ring 48 provided below the tilt unit 44.

The amount of pan rotation and the amount of tilt rotation can be known from a pan sensor 52 and a tilt sensor 53 shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 9, the configuration of each of the sensors 52 and 53 is a brush type encoder in which a resistor 61 and a conductive portion 62 are attached to a rotating portion 64, a brush 63 and a fixed portion are attached, and a rotating portion for the brush 63 is attached. The resistance value that changes according to the amount of rotation of
Output from 1a, 61b, 62a. FIG. 11 shows a circuit having a configuration using the resistor 61 and the brush 63. The lock switch 51 is shown in FIGS. 6 and 8 and operates in conjunction with the lock lever 50 to detect the release of the lock. The signals of these sensors 52 and 53 and the lock switch 51 are connected to a signal terminal 60 shown in FIG. The signal terminal 60 is connected to a terminal provided on the bottom of the camera, so that the camera can recognize the direction of the camera and correct the measured distance.

Another configuration of each sensor is a photo encoder, as shown in FIG. 10, in which a pattern 65 is attached to a rotating portion 64, and a photo interrupter 67 and a slit 66 are attached to a fixed portion.

In the above-described embodiment, the camera platform is configured such that the optical axis of the camera lens and the pan rotation axis 43 are orthogonal to each other in the locked state. In this way, when the rotation axis 45 of the tilt rotation is configured to be orthogonal to the rotation axis of the pan rotation on the pan unit 42 that rotates the pan,
The pan rotation corresponds to the example shown in Expression (1), and the tilt rotation corresponds to the example shown in Expression (2).

In the actual photographing operation, since it is necessary to perform the pan rotation and the tilt rotation at the same time to perform the distance, it is necessary to obtain the correction amount when the pan rotation and the tilt rotation are performed simultaneously.

First, it is assumed that the camera is oriented in accordance with the composition at the time of photographing. In the operation of adjusting the direction of the camera, the composition is determined by integrally moving the camera platform and the camera according to the present invention using a camera platform or the like separately prepared from the camera platform according to the present invention. At this time, the camera platform according to the present invention is in a locked state.

As shown in FIG. 12, a point on the object to be distance measuring reference and P _1, the focal plane containing the point P ₁ and P. The point of intersection of the focal plane P and the optical axis of the camera lens is P ₀ . Further, the optical axis O of the camera lens is shifted from the tilt rotation axis 45.
Is the intersection of the perpendicular drawn down to the optical axis O of the camera lens with Q ₀
And At this time, the pan rotation axis 43 is also orthogonal to the optical axis O of the camera lens.

The tilt rotation axis 45 and the optical axis O of the camera lens
May be obtained by previously determining the distance between the optical axis O of the camera lens and the tilt rotation axis 45 and storing the value in a camera body (not shown). The distance between the optical axis O of the camera lens and the tripod seat on the bottom of the camera is stored in the camera body, and the distance from the camera mounting surface of the camera platform to the tilt rotation axis is calculated by data communication from the camera platform. May be transmitted, and the sum may be calculated.

The distance between the optical axis O of the camera lens obtained by any of the methods and the tilt rotation axis of the camera platform is m.
Assuming that the pan rotation angle is σ and the tilt rotation angle is θ, the moving amount Ds of the point Q due to the tilt rotation θ depends only on the tilt rotation angle θ, so that the shooting distance after the pan rotation and the tilt rotation is the rotation angle σ and the rotation angle θ. And the amount of movement Ds of the point Q due to the tilt rotation angle θ.

[0031]

(Equation 3) It is clear that The correction amount D of the shooting distance is

[0032]

(Equation 4) So,

[0033]

(Equation 5) It is. On the other hand, the optical system of the camera is the configuration shown in FIG. 13, the distance of the object distance a, the image distance b, and the distance between the principal points of the lens T, to the rotational axis Q ₀ from the image plane (film plane) Is B, the focal length is f, and P ₀ is in focus.

[0034]

(Equation 6) Holds. Further, the image distance deviation amount d with respect to the photographing distance deviation amount D caused by changing the direction of the camera.
Becomes the following relationship.

[0035]

(Equation 7) The distance between P ₀ and Q ₀ is expressed as follows:

[0036]

(Equation 8) Substituting equation (13) for equation (6) gives

[0037]

(Equation 9) Becomes Further, when equation (8) is substituted into equation (15),

[0038]

(Equation 10) Becomes Substituting this equation (18) into equation (12) gives

[0039]

[Equation 11] Becomes

Since b−f is equal to the lens extension amount,
By replacing the payout amount j = b−f,

[0041]

(Equation 12) Becomes

The focal length f and the distance T between principal points can be obtained in advance from the design values of the lens. The distance m between the tilt rotation axis and the lens optical axis and the distance S between the rotation axis and the film surface can be obtained in advance from the structure of the camera and the camera platform. Assuming that the pan rotation angle σ, the tilt rotation angle θ, and the feed amount j are obtained from the encoder provided on the lens, it can be seen that d is obtained by calculation.

When the lock release knob 47 is returned to the locking direction after the distance measurement and the focusing operation have been performed in this manner, the cam surfaces on the bottom surface are provided with the convex portions provided on the pan unit 42 (two front and rear portions). 42a, the tilt unit 44 is returned to its original position perpendicular to the pan rotation axis 43.

When the lock release knob 47 is further returned to the lock direction, the lock lever 50 is pushed in the inner circumferential direction by the convex portion of the cam inner surface, and the convex portion is pressed against the depression of the pan rotation sleeve 49, and the pan unit 42 is returned to the original direction. Return and fix.

At this time, the lock switch 51 is turned off.
F is reached, and the camera can recognize that the position of the camera platform has been returned.

When photographing is performed in this state, an image in which a target object is accurately focused can be obtained.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a photographing apparatus using the camera platform 10 according to the present invention. Camera lens 3
0, the focal length value f and the principal point distance T transmitted from the memory 31, the lens extension amount j obtained by the lens extension amount encoder 32, and the film surface previously stored in the memory 21 in the camera body 20. The distance S of the rotation axis and the distance m between the optical axis O of the camera lens and the tilt rotation axis are obtained from the platform 10. Pan sensor 5 in pan head 10
Using the 9-pan rotation angle σ detected by 2 and the tilt rotation angle θ detected by the tilt sensor 53, the calculation unit 22 calculates the focusing deviation amount d. Using the focus shift amount d obtained in this manner, the image plane shift amount obtained from the focus sensor 23 is corrected by the focus calculation device 24, so that a more accurate focus determination can be performed. Further, the lens drive motor 25 may be turned to move the lens via the lens drive mechanism 33 to perform automatic focusing. It should be noted that the same CPU may be used for the focus shift amount calculation device 22 and the focus calculation device.

The distance S between the film surface and the rotation axis, and
The distance m between the camera lens optical axis and the tilt rotation axis is
Therefore, if there is a possibility that these values may be changed, it is preferable that the correction amount can be transmitted from the camera platform 10.

Further, in this example, the signal transmission between the camera platform and the camera has been described as an electric signal. However, the transmission of the rotation angle does not necessarily need to be an electric signal. Even if angle information is transmitted by rotation or the like, a desired function can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a relationship among a subject, a shooting frame, and a distance measurement area.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a change in shooting distance when the direction of the camera is changed around a point on the optical axis of the camera lens.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a change in shooting distance when the direction of the camera is changed around a point other than on the optical axis of the camera lens.

FIG. 4 is an external perspective view of the camera platform according to the embodiment of the present invention as viewed obliquely from above.

FIG. 5 is an external perspective view of the camera platform according to the embodiment of the present invention as viewed obliquely from below.

FIG. 6 is a horizontal sectional view as viewed from below a camera platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a tilt unit, a ring cam, and a lock lever of the camera platform according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view of the camera platform according to the embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the lock release knob side.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a brush encoder according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a rotation angle encoder using a photo interrupter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a camera platform according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a change in shooting distance when pan rotation and tilt rotation are performed simultaneously.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of an optical path of an optical system including a lens.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a photographing apparatus using a camera platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Composition frame at the time of photography 2 Composition frame at the time of distance measurement 3 Distance measurement area at the time of photography 4 Distance measurement area at the time of distance measurement 5 Petal (distance measurement reference) 10 Pan head according to the present invention 20 Camera body 21 Body memory 22 case Defocus amount calculation device 23 Focus sensor 24 Focusing calculation device 25 Lens drive motor 30 Camera lens 31 In-lens memory 32 Lens extension encoder 33 Lens drive mechanism 41 Pedestal part 42 Pan unit 42a Pan unit convex part 43 Pan rotation axis 44 Tilt unit 45 Tilt rotation axis 46 Camera fixing screw 47 Lock release knob 48 Cam ring 49 Pan rotation sleeve 50 Lock lever 52 Pan sensor 53 Tilt sensor 51 Lock switch 60 Signal terminal 61 Resistor 61a Resistor terminal 61b Resistor terminal 62 Conductor 62a Conductor Child 63 brush 64 rotating shaft 65 pattern 66 slit 67 photointerrupter

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) G03B 17/56 G03B 3/00 A (72) Inventor Takayuki Tsuchiyama 1385 Hasunuma, Omiya City, Saitama Prefecture Tam Long Co., Ltd. F term (reference) 2F065 AA02 AA06 CC14 CC16 DD03 EE00 FF25 GG10 HH13 JJ03 JJ26 PP00 2F112 AC02 AC06 BA06 CA02 CA12 GA10 2H011 AA01 CA21 CA28 DA00 2H051 AA01 CD25 CD28 CD30 DD05 EB20 A07AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A camera mounting section, wherein a shake angle measuring section for detecting at least one of a pan shake angle and a tilt shake angle of a camera section is provided, and a shake angle measuring section detects a shake angle and a tilt shake angle based on the shake angle measurement section. A photographing apparatus for calculating a focus correction value by using the image pickup apparatus. 2. A camera unit having a distance measuring sensor, a camera mounting unit having a shake angle measuring unit for detecting at least one of a pan shake angle and a tilt shake angle of the attached camera unit, and the distance measuring sensor. And a focus control unit for correcting the output of the camera based on the output of the shake angle measuring unit to perform focusing. 3. A pan head for panning and tilting for photographing, wherein a panning angle measuring unit for detecting at least one of a panning panning angle and a tilt panning angle of an attached camera is provided. . 4. The camera platform according to claim 3, wherein the camera mounting portion of the camera platform includes a contact for transmitting an output of the deflection angle measurement unit to a camera. 5. The camera according to claim 3, wherein the camera platform has a shake angle limiting mechanism for limiting at least one of a pan shake angle range and a tilt shake angle range of the camera attached.
Pan head described in.