JP2001165026A - Seal water device for hydraulic machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seal water device for preventing the damage of a sliding member caused by deformation a packing box and vibration, and having a high reliability. SOLUTION: In the seal water device for a hydraulic machinery, the packing box 5 opened to a rotary main spindle 1 is disposed on an outer periphery of the rotary main spindle 1, and a plurality of pieces of packing 6 for sealing water while sliding with the rotary main spindle and being pressed toward the rotary main spindle by a garter spring 9 are disposed in the packing box 5. In such constituted seal water device of the hydraulic machinery, the packing 6 is provided with a pedestal 8 and a slide member 7 fitted to the pedestal, and both end surfaces in a circumferential direction of the slide member are formed in parallel in relation to a center line of the rotary main spindle.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water sealing device for a hydraulic machine, such as a water turbine or a pump turbine, which is disposed on the outer periphery of a rotating shaft to seal water.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 16 to 18 are views showing examples of a conventional water sealing device.

FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view of a water sealing device and peripheral components. Generally, for a hydraulic device such as a water turbine or a pump turbine, a packing 20 of a water sealing device that is disposed on the outer periphery of the rotary spindle 1 and seals water is provided with a packing box 5 installed between the rotary spindle 1 and the upper cover 4. The river water leaks to the outside through the runner back pressure chamber 14 surrounded by the runner 3 and the upper cover 4, and the compressed air pushed into the runner chamber at the time of pumping start or phase adjustment operation. The packing 20 is pressed against the spindle sleeve 2 to prevent leakage to the outside, thereby sealing the water.

A packing 20 conventionally housed in this type of water sealing device is housed inside a packing box 5 provided between the rotary spindle 1 and the upper cover 4 as shown in FIG. The box 5 forms a plurality of packing chambers 10 that are adjacent in the axial direction. The packing 20 is incorporated in each packing chamber 10, and a packing adapter 21 is normally applied to the back of the packing 20.
The garter spring 9 is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft sleeve 2 by utilizing the spring force of the garter spring 9 attached to the outer periphery of the main shaft 21, and is pressed against the main shaft sleeve 2 by the pressure on the back of the packing during operation, so that the main body is slid. .

The conventional packing 20 is usually made of a brittle material such as carbon having good slidability and is divided into a plurality of pieces in the circumferential direction. For this reason, it has the structure which fits mutually so that there may be no gap between the adjacent packings 20.

A plurality of pressure water supply pipes 11 are radially provided in the packing box 5 between the lowermost stage and the upper stage, and a water sealing area between the main shaft sleeve 2 and the packing 20, particularly the sliding surface 7A. Is supplied through a water supply channel 12. This water supply pressure is normally maintained at a higher pressure than the pressure in the water sealing device lower chamber 13, so that part of the pressurized water is
The remaining pressurized water flows to the upper packing box 5 and flows out of the uppermost packing box 5 to the outside. As a result, a high water pressure water film is formed between the main shaft sleeve 2 and the packing sliding surface 7A, thereby preventing the outflow of river water from the water sealing device lower chamber 13 to the outside of the water sealing device and at the time of starting pumping. In addition, the compressed air in the runner chamber is prevented from leaking to the outside of the water sealing device during the phase adjustment operation, and the burning of the sliding surface 7A due to the breakage of the water film is effectively prevented.

[0007]

However, when the center position of the runner is lower than the water level of the lower pond as in an underground type power plant, the pressure in the lower chamber 13 of the water sealing device is correspondingly increased. Since the pressure water supplied from the pressure water supply pipe 11 is higher than that of the water sealing device lower chamber 13, the packing chamber 10 has a very high pressure. In particular, when the input is interrupted during the pumping operation of a pump turbine or the like, the pressure may be almost twice as high as the normal pressure of the lower chamber of the water sealing device. In the case of such a transient state, a very large back pressure is applied to the packing 20, and the pressure on the sliding surface 7A with the main shaft 1 increases, so that the calorific value of the sliding surface 7A increases, and water is sealed under severe conditions. Will do.

Further, since the inside of the packing chamber becomes high pressure, the inner diameter side of the packing box 5 is deformed upward in the axial direction, and the packing 20 incorporated in the packing box 5 causes the packing box 5 to come into contact with the packing box 5 in the circumferential direction. A bending load is applied, and a large bending stress is generated at a sudden change in shape such as a fitting portion with the adjacent packing 20.

Also, depending on operating conditions such as pumping start, phase adjustment operation, and the like, high frequency vibrations are generated, and the packing 20, the packing box 5 and the main shaft 1 are rubbed against each other by the vibrations, and damage such as fretting is caused. May be affected.

In particular, the packing 20, which is the sliding member 7, is brittle, such as carbon, and thus is susceptible to deformation and impact, and is likely to be cracked or chipped due to the above-mentioned stress concentration or vibration. For this reason, the packing 20, which is a brittle material, is manufactured to have dimensions larger in both the radial direction and the axial direction than the dimensions required for the sliding characteristics in order to increase its strength.

An object of the present invention is to provide a highly reliable water sealing device which prevents the sliding member from being damaged by the deformation and vibration of the packing box as described above.

[0012]

A first feature of the present invention is as follows.
A packing box that opens toward the rotating spindle is provided on the outer periphery of the rotating spindle, and a plurality of packing boxes that are pressed toward the rotating spindle by the pressing means and slide with the rotating spindle to seal water are provided in the packing box. In a water sealing device of a hydraulic machine provided with a packing, the packing has a pedestal and a sliding member fitted to the pedestal, and both end surfaces in a circumferential direction of the sliding member are located at the center of the rotating spindle. What is done parallel to the line.

According to the first feature, the sliding member is fitted and fixed to the pedestal, and when a stiff pedestal is used, the pedestal bears the force applied to the entire packing. It is possible to make a certain sliding member the minimum size necessary for the sliding characteristics and the fitting shape. When a material having excellent elastic properties is used for the pedestal, the load and impact on the sliding member due to the deformation and vibration of the packing box can be reduced. In addition, by making both end surfaces of the sliding member parallel to the center line of the rotating shaft, it is possible to eliminate a sudden change in shape and reduce stress concentration, and to eliminate a fitting portion with an adjacent packing to reduce the shape of the sliding member. Can be simplified and production can be facilitated. Furthermore, even if the packing moves in the inner diameter direction due to wear of the sliding surface, the area of the water leakage port formed between the adjacent packings does not change, and the amount of water leakage can be kept constant.

A second feature of the present invention is that the pedestal of the packing has a higher thermal conductivity than the sliding member. According to the second feature, by using a pedestal having a higher thermal conductivity, heat generated on the sliding surface can be quickly transmitted to the pedestal, and the cooling effect of the sliding surface can be improved.

A third feature of the present invention is that the sliding member of the packing is formed in a concave shape, a projection is provided on a part of the pedestal, and the concave recess of the sliding member is fitted to the projection. It is to constitute. By doing so, the circumferential movement of the sliding member can be fixed by making the sliding member and the pedestal a fitting structure. In particular, the movement can be effectively fixed even when the rotating main shaft 1 rotates in both forward and reverse directions, such as a pump turbine. Further, since the contact area between the sliding member and the pedestal increases, if the pedestal is made of a material having high thermal conductivity according to claim 2,
The cooling effect of the sliding member can be further improved.

A fourth feature of the present invention is that the sliding member of the packing is formed in a concave shape, and the two sliding members formed in the concave shape are arranged in the circumferential direction, and the protrusion is formed on one corresponding pedestal. Parts are provided in two places in the circumferential direction.
That is, two sliding members are fitted, and a minute gap is provided between the two sliding members. In this way, even when a circumferential bending load is applied to the sliding member, the stress is released because the central portion where the maximum bending stress occurs is separated, and the bending stress generated in the sliding member is reduced. be able to. Further, by providing the minute gap between the sliding members, the contact area with the high-pressure water increases, and the cooling effect of the sliding members can be improved. Furthermore, it is possible to cope with expansion of the sliding member due to heat generation of the sliding surface.

A fifth feature of the present invention is that the packings are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, a slight gap is provided between the rotating main shaft and the adjacent packing on the innermost peripheral surface that slides, In this case, a detent for preventing the packing from moving in the circumferential direction is arranged in a wedge-shaped space. In this way, a gap with the adjacent packing is provided, and a wedge-shaped detent is provided to restrain the packing in the circumferential direction, so that the behavior of the adjacent packing is not affected, and the diameter of the main shaft such as eccentricity or whirling is not affected. The ability to follow the direction can be improved. Even if the packing moves in the inner diameter direction due to the abrasion of the sliding surface, the area of the water leakage port formed between the adjacent packings does not change, and the amount of water leakage can be kept constant.

A sixth feature of the present invention is that the packings are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, a small gap is provided between the rotating main shaft and the adjacent packing on the innermost peripheral surface that slides, A detent for preventing circumferential movement of the packing is arranged in a wedge-shaped space formed so that the sliding member always slides on the rotating spindle only with the sliding member when the sliding member is fitted to the projection of the pedestal. A wear allowance is provided so that the protrusion is located on the outer diameter side from the inner peripheral surface of the moving member, and a circumferential protrusion is further provided on the outer peripheral side of the pedestal side surface so as to protrude in the circumferential direction, and the sliding member has moved to the inner diameter due to wear. In this case, the circumferential projection engages with the rotation stopper before the wear allowance is worn, so that the pedestal cannot move any further toward the inner diameter side. If you do this,
A gap with the adjacent packing is provided and a wedge-shaped detent is installed to constrain in the circumferential direction of the packing, improving the followability in the radial direction such as eccentricity and whirling of the main shaft without being affected by the behavior of the adjacent packing. You can do it. Furthermore, when the sliding member wears for a predetermined wear allowance, the radial stopper provided on the pedestal prevents the packing from further moving to the inner diameter side, thereby preventing the pedestal from contacting the main shaft.

A seventh feature of the present invention is that two rows of parallel grooves are provided in the radial direction on the high pressure side of the pedestal of the packing, and pins engaging with the grooves are provided on the inner surface of the packing box. is there. In this way, the packing restricts the movement in the circumferential direction by the pin, and the pin acts as a guide for the movement in the radial direction. The area of the water leakage port formed by the above is not changed, and the amount of water leakage can be kept constant.

An eighth feature of the present invention is that two rows of parallel grooves are provided in the radial direction on the high pressure side of the pedestal of the packing, and pins engaging with the grooves are provided on the inner surface of the packing box facing each other. Is formed so that its head is eccentric with respect to the root portion implanted in the packing box. In this way, even if there are manufacturing errors in the two rows of grooves in the packing base, the distance between the pins can be adjusted to match the grooves in the packing base by changing the eccentric direction of the heads of the opposing pins. it can. Further, the gap between adjacent packings can be adjusted.

A ninth feature of the present invention resides in that, when the sliding member is fitted to the projection of the pedestal, the sliding member always slides on the rotating spindle only with the sliding member so that the projection is formed from the inner peripheral surface of the sliding member. Provide a wear allowance so that it is located on the outer diameter side, further form a groove on the pedestal from the inner diameter end of this pedestal to a predetermined position radially outward, and pin the pin that engages with this groove on the opposing packing box. Installed so that the distance from the pin to the end of the groove of the pedestal is shorter than the sliding member's wear allowance, and if the sliding member moves to the inner diameter due to aging, before the wear allowance is worn The pin reaches the end of the groove, and the sliding member cannot move any further toward the inner diameter side. With this configuration, when the sliding member wears for a predetermined wear allowance, the radial stopper provided on the packing box prevents the packing from moving further to the inner diameter side, and prevents the pedestal from contacting the main shaft. Can be prevented.

A tenth feature of the present invention resides in that packings are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, a slight gap is provided between adjacent packings on the innermost sliding surface, and a wedge-shaped space formed between the packings. A detent for preventing circumferential movement of the packing is arranged on the base, a groove is formed on the pedestal from the inner end of the pedestal to a predetermined position radially outward, and a pin engaging with the groove is formed on the opposing packing box. The sliding member is installed so that it cannot move to the inner diameter side beyond a predetermined position even if the sliding member moves to the inner diameter due to aging wear. By doing so, the circumferential movement of the packing is restrained by a wedge-shaped detent provided in the gap between adjacent packings, and the pins provided on the packing box serve as guides for the radial movement of the packing. Further, when the sliding member wears for a predetermined wear allowance, the pin acts as a stopper to prevent the packing from further moving to the inner diameter side, thereby preventing the pedestal from contacting the main shaft.

An eleventh feature of the present invention is that when the sliding member is fitted to the projection of the pedestal, the packing is such that the high-pressure side surface of the sliding member projects slightly axially from the pedestal. That is, With this configuration, since a gap is formed between the bottom of the pedestal and the packing box, the pedestal receives an upward pressure from the bottom with high-pressure water and is pressed against the packing box. Thereby, water leakage from the packing upper surface can be eliminated.
In addition, the contact area between the pedestal bottom surface and the packing box is reduced, and the packing member is slid mainly on the packing box with a sliding member, thereby improving the radial followability of the packing with respect to wear of sliding materials and radial vibration of the rotating main shaft. be able to.

A twelfth feature of the present invention is that a cushioning material is inserted between the low pressure side surface of the packing and the inner surface of the packing box. This can reduce the load and impact on the sliding member due to deformation and vibration of the packing box.

[0025]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a water sealing device for a hydraulic machine according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

FIGS. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, a packing 6 is accommodated in a packing box 5 provided between the rotary spindle 1 and the upper cover 4, and the packing box 5 forms a plurality of packing chambers 10 which are adjacent in the axial direction. are doing. Packing 6
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the sliding member 7 is made of a brittle material such as carbon having good slidability and a pedestal 8.
The sliding member 7 formed in a concave shape is fitted to the convex protrusion of the pedestal 8, these are divided into a plurality of pieces in the circumferential direction, incorporated into the packing chamber 10, and provided on the back surface of the pedestal 8. A plurality of garter springs 9 are usually applied to the semicircular grooves. The garter springs 9 are circumferentially connected, and press the packing 6 against the outer peripheral surface of the main spindle sleeve 2 using the spring force. During operation, the packing 6 is pressed against the main shaft sleeve 2 by the pressure on the back of the packing and slides in contact therewith.

A plurality of pressure water supply pipes 11 are radially provided in the packing box 5 between the lowermost stage and the upper stage, and a water sealing area between the main spindle sleeve 2 and the packing 6, particularly the sliding surface 7A. Is supplied with pressured water through a water supply passage 12. Since this water supply pressure is normally maintained at a higher pressure than the pressure in the lower part 13 of the water sealing device, a part of the pressure water flows out to the lower room 13 of the water sealing device, and the remaining pressure water flows to the upper packing box 5 and finally flows. It flows out of the upper packing box 5 to the outside. As a result, a high water pressure water film is formed between the main shaft sleeve 2 and the packing sliding surface 7A, thereby preventing the outflow of river water from the water sealing device lower chamber 13 to the outside of the water sealing device and at the time of starting pumping. In addition, the compressed air in the runner chamber is prevented from leaking to the outside of the water sealing device during the phase adjustment operation, and the burning of the sliding surface 7A due to the breakage of the water film is effectively prevented.

Incidentally, as shown in FIG.
The sliding member 7 and the pedestal 8 are arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction, and both end surfaces thereof are parallel to the center line of the rotation shaft, and the gap between the adjacent packings 6 on the innermost sliding surface is slid. And a circumferential detent 16 that fits into a wedge-shaped gap formed between the packings. This detent 1
The packing 6 restricts the movement of the packing 6 in the circumferential direction, but can move in the radial direction while keeping the gap between the adjacent packings constant.

In the water sealing device according to the present embodiment having the above structure, when the pedestal 8 having higher rigidity than the sliding member 7 is used, the packing is deformed or the packing box 5 and the main shaft are vibrated. The pedestal 8 bears this force,
The sliding member 7, which is a consumable product made of a brittle material, can have the minimum necessary dimensions in terms of the sliding characteristics and the fitting shape.

When the pedestal 8 is made of a material having excellent elastic properties, the load and impact on the sliding member 7 due to the deformation and vibration of the packing box 5 can be reduced.

Further, by making the both end surfaces of the sliding member 7 parallel to the center line of the rotating shaft, it is possible to eliminate a sudden change in shape, reduce stress concentration, and eliminate a fitting portion with the adjacent packing 6. The shape of the sliding member 7 is simplified, and the manufacture can be facilitated. Further, by providing a gap with the adjacent packing 6 and installing a wedge-shaped detent 16, it is constrained in the circumferential direction of the packing 6, and is not affected by the behavior of the adjacent packing 6, and has a diameter such as eccentricity or whirling of the main shaft. The ability to follow the direction can be improved. Even if the packing 6 moves in the inner diameter direction due to wear of the sliding surface 7A, the area of the water leakage port formed between the adjacent packings does not change, and the water leakage can be kept constant.

Further, by forming the sliding member 7 of the packing 6 in a concave shape and fitting it to the projection of the pedestal 8, the movement of the sliding member 7 in the circumferential direction can be fixed, and the sliding member 7 and the pedestal 8 can be fixed. , The heat generated on the sliding surface 7A can be quickly transmitted to the pedestal 8, and the cooling effect of the sliding member 7 can be improved. Further, the pedestal 8 of the packing 6 is connected to the sliding member 7.
If the material has higher thermal conductivity than the sliding surface 7
The cooling effect of A can be further improved.

Further, according to the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, two concave sliding members 7 of the packing 6 are arranged on the left and right with respect to the center of the packing, and the corresponding projections of the pedestal 8 are also provided. Two fittings are provided and a minute gap is provided between the sliding members. Thus, even when a circumferential bending load is applied to the sliding member 7, the stress is released because the central portion where the maximum bending stress occurs is separated, and the bending stress generated in the sliding member 7 can be reduced. it can.

Further, by providing a minute gap between the sliding members, the contact area with the high-pressure water is increased, and the cooling effect of the sliding member 7 can be improved. Further, it is possible to cope with expansion of the sliding member 7 due to heat generation of the sliding surface 7A.

According to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 7, when the sliding member 7 is fitted to the projection of the base 8,
A difference in length is provided so that the projection of the pedestal 8 is on the outer diameter side from the inner peripheral surface of the sliding member so that the sliding member 7 always slides on the rotary spindle 1, and this difference is used as a wear allowance. A circumferential projection 17 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the side surface so as to protrude in the circumferential direction. The distance from the surface of the projection facing the rotating main shaft 1 to the wedge-shaped detent 16 between the packings is set to be slightly shorter than the wear allowance. Is set. When the sliding member 7 moves to the inner diameter due to wear, the pedestal 8 is moved before the wear allowance is worn.
The radially projecting portion 17 in the radial direction contacts the wedge-shaped detent 16 to prevent the packing 6 from moving further to the inner diameter side, thereby preventing the pedestal 8 from contacting the main shaft.

According to the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, when the sliding member 7 is fitted into the projection of the pedestal 8, the rotating main shaft 1 is always used only by the sliding member 7. A difference in length is provided so that the protruding portion is on the outer diameter side from the inner peripheral surface of the sliding member so as to slide, and this is used as a wear allowance. Further, two rows of radial stoppers are provided on the bottom surface of the base 8. The parallel groove 8A and the pin 18 corresponding to the groove 8A are installed in the opposing packing box 5 so that the distance from the pin 18 to the groove end of the pedestal 8 becomes shorter with respect to the wear allowance of the sliding member 7. is set up. As a result, the movement of the packing 6 in the circumferential direction is restricted by the pin 18, and the pin 18 serves as a guide for the movement in the radial direction, and even if the packing 6 moves in the inner diameter direction due to the wear of the sliding surface 7 </ b> A, the adjacent packing is moved. The area of the water leakage port formed between them does not change, and the amount of water leakage can be kept constant. Further, when the sliding member 7 moves to the inner diameter due to abrasion over time, the pin 18 installed in the packing box 5 hits the groove end face on the bottom of the pedestal before the wear allowance is worn.
The packing 6 can be prevented from moving further to the inner diameter side, and the pedestal 8 can be prevented from contacting the main shaft.

According to the fifth embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the pin 1 provided on the packing box 5 is provided.
The head of 8A is eccentric with respect to the root of the pin shaft implanted in the packing box. Accordingly, even if there are manufacturing errors in the two rows of grooves 8A of the packing base 8, the eccentric pins 18
The distance between the eccentric pins 18A can be adjusted according to the groove 8A of the packing base 8 by changing the eccentric direction of the head of A. Further, the gap between the adjacent packings 6 can be adjusted.

According to the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the packings 6 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, and a slight gap is provided between the adjacent packings 6 on the innermost sliding surface. At the same time, a circumferential detent 16 is arranged in a wedge-shaped gap formed between the packings, and this groove 8A is formed in the center of the pedestal 8 in the packing box 5 opposed to the radial stopper groove 8A.
Are provided. Thereby, the circumferential movement of the packing 6 is restrained by the wedge-shaped detent 16 provided in the gap between the adjacent packings 6, and the pins 18 provided on the packing box 5 prevent the movement of the packing 6 in the radial direction. When the sliding member 7 is worn by a predetermined wear allowance, the pin 18 acts as a stopper to prevent the packing 6 from moving further to the inner diameter side, thereby preventing the pedestal 8 from contacting the main shaft.

According to the seventh embodiment shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, when the sliding member 7 of the packing 6 is fitted to the projection of the pedestal, the sliding member 7 on the runner side is The packing 6 is configured so that the height is slightly higher than the pedestal. When the packing 6 is installed in the packing box 5, a gap T is formed between the bottom of the pedestal and the packing box 5. As a result, the pedestal receives an upward pressure due to the high-pressure water that has entered the gap T, and is pressed against the packing box 5. Thereby, water leakage from the packing upper surface can be eliminated. Also,
The contact area between the pedestal bottom surface and the packing box 5 is reduced, and the packing member 5 is slid mainly on the packing box 5 by the sliding member 7, so that the packing 6 radially follows the wear of the sliding material and the radial vibration of the rotating main shaft 1. Can be enhanced.

According to the eighth embodiment shown in FIG. 15, a cushioning member 19 made of rubber or the like is inserted between the packing box 5 and the surface of the packing 6 opposite to the runner. Have been. Thereby, the load and the impact on the sliding member 7 due to the deformation and vibration of the packing box 5 can be reduced.

[0041]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The packing has a fitting structure of the sliding member and the pedestal, and the shape of the sliding member has been reduced to the minimum necessary for the sliding characteristics and the fitting structure to simplify the shape to reduce the stress generated on the sliding member. can do. In addition, the watertightness of the packing can be kept constant by the rotation stopper in the circumferential direction, and the sliding member can be prevented from being worn more than the wear allowance by the radial stopper.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of a water sealing device for a hydraulic machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a packing according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the assembly of the sliding member of the packing and the base in the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a packing in a second embodiment of the water sealing device of the hydraulic machine of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an assembly of a sliding member of a packing and a pedestal according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan layout view showing the packing according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a packing according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a plan layout view showing a packing according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line IX-IX in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a pin according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

11 is a sectional view taken along the line XI-XI in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a packing according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a pedestal according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing a packing and the like according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a sectional view showing a packing and the like according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view of a water sealing device and peripheral parts showing a conventional example.

FIG. 17 is a perspective layout view of a packing showing a conventional example.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a packing showing a conventional example.

[Description of Signs] 1 rotating spindle 5 packing box 6 packing 7 sliding member 7A sliding surface 8 pedestal 8A groove 9 garter spring 10 packing chamber 16 detent 17 circumferential projection 18 pin 18A eccentric pin 19 cushioning material

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A packing box which is open toward the rotating spindle is provided on the outer periphery of the rotating spindle. Inside the packing box, the packing box is pressed toward the rotating spindle by a pressing means and slides with the rotating spindle to seal. In a water sealing device for a hydraulic machine in which a plurality of packings for performing water are arranged, the packing includes:
A hydraulic machine having a pedestal and a sliding member fitted to the pedestal, wherein both end surfaces in the circumferential direction of the sliding member are made parallel to the center line of the rotating spindle. Water sealing device. 2. The water sealing device according to claim 1, wherein the pedestal of the packing has a higher thermal conductivity than the sliding member. 3. The packing is formed by forming the sliding member of the packing in a concave shape, providing a projection on a part of the pedestal, and fitting the concave recess of the sliding member into the projection. The water sealing device for a hydraulic machine according to claim 1, wherein: 4. The sliding member of the packing is formed in a concave shape, two concavely formed sliding members are arranged in a circumferential direction, and a projection is formed on a corresponding pedestal in a circumferential direction. 2. The hydraulic machine according to claim 1, wherein two sliding members are provided, and the two sliding members are fitted to the two projecting portions, and a minute gap is provided between the two sliding members. Water sealing device. 5. The packing is arranged evenly in the circumferential direction, a small gap is provided between the rotating main shaft and an adjacent packing on the innermost peripheral surface that slides, and a wedge-shaped space formed between the packings. 2. A water sealing device for a hydraulic machine according to claim 1, further comprising a detent for preventing circumferential movement of the packing. 6. The packing is arranged evenly in the circumferential direction, a small gap is provided between the rotating main shaft and an adjacent packing on the innermost peripheral surface that slides, and a wedge-shaped space formed between the packings. A detent for preventing circumferential movement of the packing is arranged in the sliding member so that the sliding member always slides on the rotating spindle only with the sliding member when the sliding member is fitted to the projection of the pedestal. In the case where a wear allowance is provided so that the protrusion is located on the outer diameter side from the peripheral surface, and a circumferential protrusion is provided on the outer peripheral side of the pedestal side surface so as to protrude in the circumferential direction, and the sliding member moves to the inner diameter due to wear. The method according to claim 1, wherein the circumferential projection engages with the rotation stopper before the wear allowance is worn, so that the pedestal cannot move any further toward the inner diameter side. Sealing device of hydraulic machine. 7. The packing according to claim 1, wherein two rows of parallel grooves are provided in the radial direction on the high pressure side of the pedestal of the packing, and pins engaging with the grooves are provided on inner surfaces of the packing box facing each other. A water sealing device for a hydraulic machine according to claim 1. 8. A packing is provided with two rows of parallel grooves in the radial direction on the high-pressure side of the pedestal of the packing, and pins engaging with the grooves are provided on inner surfaces of the packing box facing each other. The water sealing device for a hydraulic machine according to claim 1, wherein the water sealing device is formed so as to be eccentric with respect to a root portion implanted in the packing box. 9. When the sliding member is fitted to the projection of the pedestal, the sliding member always slides on the rotating spindle only with the sliding member.
A wear margin is provided so that the protrusion is located on the outer diameter side from the inner peripheral surface of the sliding member, and further, a groove is formed on the pedestal to a predetermined position radially outward from an inner end of the pedestal on the inner diameter side. A pin that engages with the groove is installed in the opposing packing box, so that the distance from the pin to the end of the groove of the pedestal becomes shorter than the wear allowance of the sliding member. Wherein the pin reaches the end of the groove before the wear allowance is worn when it moves, and the sliding member cannot move any further toward the inner diameter side. A water sealing device for a hydraulic machine as described in the above. 10. The packing is arranged evenly in the circumferential direction,
A small gap is provided between adjacent packings on the innermost peripheral surface that slides, and a detent that prevents circumferential movement of the packing is arranged in a wedge-shaped space formed between the packings. A groove is formed radially outward from the side end to a predetermined position, and a pin that engages with this groove is installed in an opposing packing box. The water sealing device for a hydraulic machine according to claim 1, wherein the water sealing device is not movable to the side. 11. The packing is configured such that when the sliding member is fitted to the projection of the pedestal, the surface on the high-pressure side of the sliding member slightly projects in the axial direction from the pedestal. The water sealing device for a hydraulic machine according to claim 1, wherein: 12. The water sealing device for a hydraulic machine according to claim 1, wherein a cushioning material is inserted between a low pressure side surface of the packing and an inner surface of the packing box.