JP2001163265A - Car body structure and joining method of car body parts - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a car body structure capable of easily preventing a deterioration in assembling precision by thermal distortion in welding. SOLUTION: This car body structure 1 comprises a plurality of car body parts 11-13 joined in a plurality of joining positions 14-17. In this structure 1, at least one joining region 14 is joined by use of an adhesive AD hardened after the lapse of a fixed time, and the reference surface S of at least one joined car body part 12 is positioned when the adhesive AD of the joining region 14 is in a unhardened state.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle body structure of a moving body such as an automobile and a method of joining vehicle body parts, and more particularly to a vehicle body structure and a method of joining vehicle body parts which can prevent a decrease in assembly accuracy of parts due to welding distortion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In this kind of vehicle body structure,
Light metals such as aluminum and aluminum alloys are being adopted mainly for the purpose of improving fuel efficiency and reducing manufacturing costs by reducing the weight.

In a conventional vehicle body structure using a steel plate, various press-formed plate members are assembled into a structure using joining means such as spot welding or arc welding.
Light metal materials such as aluminum can be extruded to have a relatively free cross-sectional shape, and can be integrally molded with different thicknesses in the horizontal and vertical directions. Can be easily obtained.

[0004]

When joining parts made of such a light metal material, joining means such as spot welding, arc welding or laser welding can be used as in the prior art, but a light metal material such as aluminum is used. Has a larger coefficient of linear expansion than a steel material, and therefore, the amount of thermal strain during welding is also larger.

For example, FIG. 4 shows an example in which floor parts of a vehicle body are joined. With such a structure, the ends 11a and 11b of the first floor segment 11 and the ends 12a and 12b of the second floor segment 12 are formed. When the upper and lower mating surfaces 14 and 15 are welded by laser welding or the like,
After cooling, the other end 1 of the second floor segment 12
2c is often inclined in the X or Y direction.

For this reason, the body side 1
3 is welded to the other end 12c of the second floor segment 12, a gap is formed in the joint surfaces 16 and 17 of these parts, and welding cannot be performed. Alternatively, the joining strength is significantly reduced.

Therefore, a method has been proposed in which a knotting member is provided between parts to be joined and the flanges formed on the respective parts are temporarily attached by spot welding, and then the main welding is performed to assemble the structure. (See, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-316016).

However, in this method, the weight of the component is increased by an amount corresponding to the formation of the flange as a spot margin, and the significance of weight reduction by using a light metal material is lost. In addition, since the temporary attaching step is indispensable, the significance of reducing the manufacturing cost by reducing the number of processing steps and processing equipment is lost.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-99870 discloses that
It has also been proposed to form a resilient engaging piece at the end of the part to be joined, improve the positional accuracy and welding workability by fitting and temporarily fixing them, but in this method, The manufacturing accuracy of the resilient engaging pieces is required, and there is a problem that if the manufacturing error of the resilient engaging pieces is large, the temporary fixing effect is not exhibited. Further, in the process of joining the two resilient engagement pieces, a high-precision alignment device is required, and there is a problem that the manufacturing cost is increased.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and provides a vehicle body structure and a method of joining vehicle body parts which can prevent a decrease in assembly accuracy due to thermal distortion during welding by a simple method. The purpose is to provide.

[0011]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle body structure in which a plurality of vehicle body parts are joined at a plurality of joints after a lapse of a predetermined time. Joining at least one joint part using an adhesive that cures, and positioning the reference surface of at least one of the joined body parts when the adhesive at the one joint part is in an uncured state; It is characterized by.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of joining a plurality of body parts at a plurality of joints, wherein at least one of the plurality of body parts is bonded using an adhesive which cures after a lapse of a predetermined time. The joining portions are joined, and when the adhesive of the one joining portion is in an uncured state, the reference surface of at least one of the joined body parts is located.

According to the present invention, at least one joint portion is joined by using an adhesive which cures after a lapse of a predetermined time, and when the adhesive at the one joint portion is in an uncured state, at least one of the joined portions is joined. Since the reference surface of the body part is located, the one joint where the uncured adhesive is used is in an unfixed state, so even if thermal distortion due to welding occurs, this one joint The thermal strain can be absorbed, and the reference plane can be positioned at a regular position.

Further, since the one joining portion is joined with an adhesive, even if it is originally a portion that requires application of a sealing material, this can be omitted. Incidentally, since the other joining parts are welded, the strength required for the vehicle body structure can be sufficiently secured.

(2) Although not particularly limited in the above invention, the vehicle body structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that the positioning of the reference plane is performed at the time of joining a joint other than the one joint. Features.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the positioning of the reference plane is performed when joining a joining portion other than the one joining portion.

According to the present invention, since the positioning of the reference plane is performed at the time of joining the joining parts other than the one joining part, it is not necessary to separately provide a step of locating the reference plane. In addition, the manufacturing process can be shortened and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

For example, in the example shown in FIG.
After joining one joining portion 14 with the adhesive AH and joining the other joining portion 15 at the same time or in the next step,
Furthermore, if the other joining portions 16 and 17 are joined while the positioning of the reference plane S is performed in the next step, a dedicated reference plane positioning step becomes unnecessary. Further, one joining portion 14 is joined with the adhesive AH, and the other joining portion 15 is joined while positioning the reference surface S in the next step. As a result, since the reference surface S is located, it is only necessary to join the other joint portions 16 and 17 in the next step, and there is no need to position the reference surface S again.

That is, the term “joining portion other than one joining portion” in the present invention refers to the joining portion 1 in the example of FIG.
It is a gist that all 5 and 16 and 17 are included.

(3) In order to achieve the above object, in the vehicle body structure according to the third aspect, a plurality of divided floor components are joined at a joint portion on one surface side and a joint portion on the other surface side of the floor. In the above-mentioned vehicle body structure, the joining portion on the one surface side is joined using an adhesive that cures after a lapse of a predetermined time.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of joining vehicle body parts, comprising joining a plurality of divided floor parts at a joint portion on one side and a joint portion on the other side of the floor. The joining portion on the one surface side is joined by using an adhesive which cures after a lapse of a predetermined time.

In this case, although not particularly limited, claim 4
The vehicle body structure described above is characterized in that the joining portion on the other surface side is welded.

[0023] In the method for joining vehicle body parts according to the eleventh aspect, the joining portion on the other side is welded.

According to the present invention, in a vehicle body structure in which a plurality of divided floor parts are joined at a joint portion on one side of the floor and a joint portion on the other side, that is, in a floor structure, the joint portion on one side is Since it is joined using an adhesive that cures after a certain period of time, when the adhesive is in an uncured state, the joining part on one side is in an unfixed state,
Therefore, even if thermal distortion due to welding occurs at the joining portion on the other surface side, the thermal distortion can be absorbed at the joining portion on the one surface side, and the floor component can be positioned at a proper position.

Further, since the joining portion on one side is joined with an adhesive, even if it is originally necessary to apply a sealing material, this can be omitted. By the way, since the joining portion on the other surface side is welded, the strength required for the vehicle body structure of the floor can be sufficiently secured.

(4) In the above invention, there is no particular limitation on the vehicle body structure at the joint site joined with the adhesive. For example, in the vehicle body structure according to the fifth aspect, a joint portion to be joined using the adhesive can be inserted into the concave portion formed on one vehicle body component and the concave portion formed on the other vehicle body component. And an end piece.

In this case, it is preferable from the viewpoint of acceptability of the adhesive that the body part having the concave portion formed in the bonding step is bonded to the lower side, and the body part having the end piece formed to the upper side.

In particular, when the body part is made of a light metal material such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and the body part is formed by extrusion, it is extremely easy to form such concave portions and end pieces.

(5) Although not particularly limited in the above invention, the vehicle body structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that the end piece has a surface facing a wall surface of the concave portion.

That is, the larger the area where the end piece and the wall surface of the concave portion face each other, the greater the adhesive force of the adhesive.

(6) Although not particularly limited in the above invention, the vehicle body structure according to claim 7 is characterized in that the concave portion has a narrow portion in the concave portion.

After the adhesive has hardened, the force for pulling out the end piece from the concave part depends on the adhesive force between the end piece and the adhesive and the adhesive between the wall surface of the concave part and the adhesive, but a narrow part is formed in the concave part. If this is done, in addition to this adhesive force, a mechanical detachment preventing force due to the narrow portion is exhibited, so that the overall adhesive force is further increased.

(7) The present invention is not limited to the joining of vehicle body parts made of light metal materials such as aluminum and aluminum alloys, but also includes the joining of car body parts made of steel materials.

[0034]

According to the first and eighth aspects of the present invention,
Since the one joint where the uncured adhesive is used is in an unfixed state, even if thermal distortion occurs due to welding, the one joint can absorb the thermal distortion, and the reference surface Can be located in a regular position.

Further, since one joining portion is joined with an adhesive, even if it is originally a portion that requires application of a sealing material, this can be omitted.

According to the second and ninth aspects of the present invention, it is not necessary to separately provide a reference surface positioning step. In addition to the effects of the above-described invention, the manufacturing steps can be shortened and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Can be reduced.

Further, according to the third, fourth, tenth and eleventh aspects of the invention, when the adhesive is in an uncured state, the joint on one side is in an unfixed state. Even if the distortion occurs at the joint portion on the other surface side, the thermal strain can be absorbed at the joint portion on the one surface side, and the floor component can be positioned at a proper position.

Further, since the bonding portion on one side is bonded with an adhesive, even if it is originally necessary to apply a sealing material, this can be omitted.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the joining portion to be joined by using the adhesive can be formed in a simple step and easily, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Further, according to the invention of claim 6, the strength of the joint portion joined by using the adhesive is further improved by increasing the adhesion area.

Further, according to the invention of claim 7, the strength of the joint portion joined by using the adhesive is further improved by the so-called wedge effect.

[0042]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the vehicle body structure of the present invention, FIG. 1B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a B portion, and FIGS. 2A to 2C are each a B portion of FIG. 3A to 3C are enlarged sectional views showing still another embodiment of the portion B in FIG. 1.

In this embodiment, the vehicle body structure and the method of joining vehicle body parts according to the present invention will be described by taking the floor structure of an automobile as an example of the vehicle body structure. However, the present invention is not limited to only the floor structure. Instead, the present invention can be applied to other body parts as appropriate. Also, in the following example, each component constituting the floor structure is formed by extruding an aluminum material, but the material constituting each component is limited to light metal materials such as aluminum and aluminum alloy. The present invention is not limited thereto, and can be applied to the joining of parts made of steel or the like.

FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of a floor of a vehicle body taken along a straight line along a width direction of the vehicle body, and mainly shows a side portion of the vehicle body. As shown in FIG. The floor 1 of the vehicle body is formed by joining second floor segments 12 to both sides of a first floor segment 11 located at the center of the floor 1.
The body side 13 is joined to each of the other ends of the two.

The first floor segment 11 is formed by extruding an aluminum material or an aluminum alloy material into a hollow shape as shown in the figure by extrusion molding, and at each of both ends thereof (only one is shown in the figure), the second floor segment 11 is provided. Of the floor segment 12 are formed.

A concave portion 141 shown in FIG. 3B is formed along the front-rear direction of the vehicle at a joint portion 14 of the first floor segment 11 which is located on the upper side in the vehicle state. An end piece 142 formed at the joint portion 14 on the floor segment 12 side can be received. On the other hand, in the joint part 15 located on the lower side in the vehicle state,
An engagement portion 151 shown in FIG. 1A is formed along the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and can be engaged with an engagement portion 152 formed at a joint portion 15 on the second floor segment 12 side described later. I have. In addition, the concave portion 141 and the end piece 142
When the floor segments 11 and 12 of this example are formed by extrusion, the engaging portions 151 and 152 are preferably formed continuously along the front-rear direction of the vehicle. The method of joining the structure and the body parts is not limited to this, and it is also within the scope of the present invention to form them intermittently.

The second floor segment 12 is also formed by extruding an aluminum material or aluminum alloy material as shown in FIG.
And one end thereof has a joint portion 14, 1 with the first floor segment 11 at one end thereof.
5 are formed, and joint portions 16 and 17 with the body side 13 are formed at the other end.

[0048] Of the connecting portions 14 and 15 with the first floor segment 11 located on the left side in the figure, the joining portion 14 located on the upper side in the vehicle state has an end piece shown in FIG. 142 is formed along the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and is receivable inside the concave portion 141 formed at the joint portion 14 on the first floor segment 11 side. On the other hand, an engagement portion 152 shown in FIG. 1A is formed along the front-rear direction of the vehicle at the joint portion 15 located on the lower side in the vehicle state, and the above-described first floor segment 11 side Engaging part 1 formed at joint part 15 of
51 can be engaged.

On the other hand, at the joints 16 and 17 between the second floor segment 12 and the body side 13, a flange 161 for joining is provided along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle at the joint 16 at the second floor segment 12 side. Formed
A similar joining flange 162 formed at the joining portion 16 of the body side 13 is overlapped and welded. Joint portion 17 located on the lower side in the vehicle state
Similarly, the joining surface 171 of the second floor segment 12 and the joining flange 172 of the body side 13 are overlapped and welded. In this example, after joining the second floor segment 12 to the first floor segment 11, the second floor segment 1
Since the step of joining the body side 13 to 2 is adopted,
In the step of joining the body side 13 to the second floor segment 12, the right end face of the second floor segment 12 of the sub-assembly where the first floor segment 11 and the second floor segment 12 are joined is used as a reference plane S As
The parts of the body side 13 are joined. That is, the first
When the sub-assembly components of the second floor segments 11 and 12 are carried into the process and positioned by the jig, the components of the body side 13 are assumed to be at the correct positions on the second floor segment 12. Welded in close proximity.

Next, the first floor segment 11 and the second floor segment 11
The structure of the joint portion 14 with the floor segment 12 will be described.

FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the joint portion 14 according to the first embodiment.
End piece 142 formed on the second floor segment 12 in the recess 141 formed on the second floor segment 11
Is inserted, and the adhesive AD is injected therein, thereby joining the two. The adhesive AD may be injected before or after inserting the end piece 142 of the second floor segment 12 into the concave portion 141 of the first floor segment 11. .

The adhesive AD used in the present invention requires a certain period of time to cure, and any adhesive can be maintained in an uncured state at least in the next bonding step of the body side 13. Can be applied. Examples of such an adhesive AD include a moisture-curable urethane-based adhesive, a two-part acrylic adhesive, a two-part epoxy adhesive,
A two-component urethane adhesive can be exemplified. This kind of adhesive may be applied as it is, but in order to further secure the adhesive strength, especially in the case of an aluminum part, the joint portion 14 is physically or chemically treated by shot blasting or primer treatment. It is desirable to apply a suitable surface treatment in advance.

The basic structure of the joint portion 14 of the present invention is shown in FIG.
As shown in (B), this structure can be variously modified. For example, in the example shown in the figure, the concave portion 141 is formed in the first floor segment 11 and the end piece 142 is formed in the second floor segment 12, but this is reversed and the first floor segment 11 is formed. The end piece 142 may be formed, and the concave portion 141 may be formed in the second floor segment 12. In addition, the joint portion 14 is located on the upper side in the vehicle state, but is selected in order to prevent the adhesive AD injected into the concave portion 141 from spilling, and in the manufacturing process, the front and back are reversed. In the case of joining in such a manner, the structure according to the present invention may be applied to the joining portion 15 located on the lower side in the vehicle state.

FIGS. 2A to 2C and FIGS. 3A to 3C are modifications of the basic structure shown in FIG. 1B.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 2A to 2C, the shape of the end piece 142 is changed.
In the example, the tip of the end piece 142 is formed in a T-shape to increase the area of the concave portion 141 facing the bottom wall 141a. In the examples shown in FIGS. 8B and 8C, the end piece 142 is formed in an L shape so that the bottom wall 141 of the concave portion 141 is formed.
a and the area facing the side wall 141b is increased.

As described above, the concave portion 141 and the end piece 142
By increasing the area facing the contact portion, the adhesive strength of the bonding portion 14 by the adhesive is improved. Incidentally, the reason why the adhesive force between the wall surface of the concave portion 141 and the end piece portion 142 is increased is considered that both face each other in a large area with a small gap.

On the other hand, in the examples shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C, the shape of the concave portion 141 is changed, and in the examples shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the concave portion 141 is formed. 14
The upper surface opening of the device 1 is smaller than the bottom wall surface. in this case,
The upper surface opening corresponds to the narrow portion 143 according to the present invention. In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 1C, the general cross section of the concave portion 141 is the same as that shown in FIG. 1B, but a narrow portion 143 having a smaller cross-sectional area is formed in the middle.

When the narrow portion 143 is formed in the concave portion 141 in this manner, after the adhesive AD is hardened, the first portion 143 is formed.
Floor segment 11 and second floor segment 12
And the adhesive force in the direction in which it comes off is improved.

Next, the manufacturing process of the floor 1 will be described. In this example, first, the first floor segment 11 and the second floor segment 12 are carried into the joining step, and the second floor segment 12 is attached to each of the joining portions 14 at both ends of the first floor segment 11. The joining portion 15 is engaged. That is, in the vehicle state, the engaging portions 151 and 152 of the joining portion 15 located on the lower side are engaged with each other, and the end piece 142 is inserted into the concave portion 141 of the joining portion 14 located on the upper side. At this time, the above-described adhesive AD is injected into the concave portion 141. Then, as shown in FIG.
Only 5 is welded using a laser or the like. In addition, joining part 1
For No. 4, the adhesive AD remains uncured.

Next, the sub-assembly part of the first floor segment 11 and the second floor segment 12 thus joined is carried into the next step, and positioned using a jig or the like. 2 approach the end of the floor segment 12. At this time, the reference surface S at the end of the second floor segment 12 can be finely moved in the X direction or the Y direction in the figure around the joint portion 15 because the adhesive AD of the joint portion 14 is uncured. Become. Therefore, even if the reference surface S is not at the regular position due to the contraction of the material caused by welding of the joint portion 15 between the first floor segment 11 and the second floor segment 12, the regular position of the body side 13 can be changed. If it is determined, by adjusting the end of the second floor segment 12 to this, a gap is not generated between the joint portions 16 and 17 between the two.

After the first floor segment 11, the second floor segment 12, and the body side 13 are joined in this way, when the adhesive AD at the joining portion 14 is cured, the joining is completed.

The embodiments described above are described for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and are not described for limiting the present invention. Therefore, each element disclosed in the above embodiment is intended to include all design changes and equivalents belonging to the technical scope of the present invention.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a vehicle body structure according to the present invention, and FIG. 1B is an enlarged sectional view of a portion B.

FIGS. 2A to 2C are enlarged cross-sectional views each showing another embodiment of a portion B in FIG. 1A.

3 (A) to 3 (C) are enlarged sectional views showing still another embodiment of a portion B in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a conventional floor structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Floor (body structure) 11 ... 1st floor segment 12 ... 2nd floor segment 13 ... Body side 14, 15, 16, 17 ... Joining part 141 ... Concave part 142 ... End piece AD ... Adhesive

Claims (11)

[Claims] In a vehicle body structure in which a plurality of vehicle body parts are bonded at a plurality of bonding sites, at least one bonding site is bonded using an adhesive that cures after a lapse of a predetermined time, and the adhesive at the one bonding site is used. A vehicle body structure in which the reference surface of at least one of the joined vehicle body parts is positioned when is in an uncured state. 2. The vehicle body structure according to claim 1, wherein the positioning of the reference plane is performed when joining a joining portion other than the one joining portion. 3. In a vehicle body structure in which a plurality of divided floor components are joined at a joint portion on one surface side and a joint portion on the other surface side of the floor, the joint portion on the one surface side hardens after a lapse of a predetermined time. A vehicle body structure characterized by being joined using an adhesive. 4. The vehicle body structure according to claim 3, wherein the joining portion on the other surface side is welded. 5. A joint portion to be joined using the adhesive has a concave portion formed on one vehicle body part and an end piece formed on the other vehicle body part and insertable into the concave portion. The vehicle body structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: 6. The vehicle body structure according to claim 5, wherein said end piece has a surface facing a wall surface of said concave portion. 7. The vehicle body structure according to claim 5, wherein the concave portion has a narrow portion in the concave portion. 8. A method of joining a plurality of body parts at a plurality of joint parts, wherein at least one joint part is joined by using an adhesive which cures after a lapse of a predetermined time,
When the adhesive at the one joining site is in an uncured state,
A method for joining body parts, wherein a reference surface of at least one of the joined body parts is located. 9. The method for joining vehicle body parts according to claim 8, wherein the positioning of the reference plane is performed when joining a joining portion other than the one joining portion. 10. A method of joining a vehicle body component in which a plurality of divided floor components are joined at a joining portion on one side of the floor and a joining portion on the other side of the floor, the joining portion on the one side passes a predetermined time. A method for joining vehicle body parts, wherein the joining is performed using an adhesive that cures later. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the joining portion on the other surface side is welded.