JP2001147433A - Reflection type liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reflection type liquid crystal display device having good color reproducibility when one or two pixels in the pixels corresponding to the light of three colors are driven. SOLUTION: The reflection type liquid crystal display device 1 consists of at least a pixel electrode layer 3, a first alignment film 4, a common electrode 7 formed on a transparent substrate 8, and a second alignment film 6. The pixel electrode layer 3 is formed by successively forming a unit of three pixel electrodes 3R, 3G, 3B arranged at a specified pitch corresponding to the light of three primary colors and arranging the units in a matrix on a substrate 2. Further, the device 1 is produced by disposing the first alignment film 4 and the second alignment film 6 facing each other through a specified gap to laminate the substrate 2 and the transparent substrate 8, and injecting a liquid crystal layer 5. The arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules 5a in the liquid crystal layer 5 is controlled to the range of ±30 deg. to ±50 deg. with respect to one direction of the alignment directions of the pixel electrodes 3R, 3G, 3B.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reflection type liquid crystal display device used for a liquid crystal projector for a large screen display, and more particularly to an improvement in luminance and color reproducibility.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a liquid crystal projector has been known as a display device using a liquid crystal display device. This liquid crystal projector generally uses three liquid crystal display devices to perform full color display, irradiates each liquid crystal display device with three primary color lights, modulates the light, synthesizes the light, and projects it on a screen. It is. While high resolution performance is required for this liquid crystal projector, there is a strong demand for small size, light weight and low cost. For this reason, the density of pixels for display is increased, the number of liquid crystal display devices is reduced from three to one, and accordingly, the optical system and the like are simplified. As a liquid crystal display device satisfying the above requirements, there is a reflective liquid crystal display device having a large aperture ratio even when the pixel density is increased.

A conventional reflection type liquid crystal display device will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing a conventional reflective liquid crystal display device. The reflection type liquid crystal display device 1 includes a liquid crystal element A and a color filter 9 in which an R color filter 9R, a G color filter 9G, and a B color filter 9B formed on the liquid crystal element A are arranged in a matrix. Consists of The liquid crystal element A is
It has the following configuration. MOS substrate 2 on which a plurality of transistors and the like for performing active matrix driving are formed
The pixel electrodes 3R, 3G, and 3B are selectively controlled and driven by the transistor with a predetermined pitch on the upper side, and the pixel electrodes 3R, 3G, and 3B are formed as a set.
And the first alignment film 4 are formed. On the other hand, the second alignment film 6 is formed on the transparent common electrode 7 formed on the glass substrate 8.
Are formed. The second alignment film 6 on the common electrode 7
Is parallel to the alignment direction of the first alignment film 4.
Further, the first alignment film 4 and the second alignment film 6 are interposed via the spacer S.
Are arranged opposite to each other, the MOS substrate 2 and the glass plate 8 are bonded to each other, and the liquid crystal layer 5 is injected into the gap formed by the spacer S.

In each layer between the R color filter 9R and the MOS substrate 2, a red pixel r (hereinafter, referred to as a pixel r),
A green pixel g (hereinafter, referred to as pixel g) in each layer between the G color filter 9G and the MOS substrate 2 and a blue pixel b (hereinafter, pixel b) in each layer between the B color filter 9B and the MOS substrate 2. Constitute.

The pixel electrodes 3R, 3G, 3B are arranged corresponding to the R color filter 9R, the G color filter 9G, and the B color filter 9B, and are arranged for the R color filter 9R, the G color filter 9G, B. Color filter 9
B has the same pitch as B. The liquid crystal layer 5 is, for example, a vertical nematic liquid crystal having a negative dielectric constant and excellent contrast performance. In the case of vertical alignment, the first alignment film 4 and the second alignment film 6 are for giving a slight tilt (pretilt) so that the liquid crystal molecules 5a fall in a certain direction when an electric field is applied. The alignment direction is a direction in which the liquid crystal molecules 5a fall.

Next, the operation of the reflection type liquid crystal display device 1 will be described. After writing the R image signal, the G image signal, and the B image signal by the respective transistors formed on the MOS substrate 2, when the reflective liquid crystal display device 1 is irradiated with read light from substantially vertically above, the read light becomes After being separated into red (R), green (G), and blue (B) by the R color filter 9R, the G color filter 9G, and the B color filter 9B, respectively, and incident on the liquid crystal layer 5, the pixel electrode layer 3 Reflected by The read light is modulated while traveling back and forth in the liquid crystal layer 5.

After that, the light modulated during the reciprocation of the liquid crystal layer 5 passes through the second alignment film 6 and the common electrode 7, and then becomes an R color filter 9 R and a G color filter corresponding to each color. The light passes through the color filters 9B for the filters 9G and B,
The light is emitted as image information light above the reflective liquid crystal display device 1. Further, the image information light of each color displays a color image on a screen (not shown).

[0008]

However, when the pixel density of the reflection type liquid crystal display device 1 of the conventional example described above is increased (that is, when the size of each of the pixel electrodes 3R, 3G, 3B is reduced). It has been found that the following problems occur. Hereinafter, this problem will be described with reference to FIG. FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams showing the luminance of each pixel r, g, b and its positional relationship when the readout light incident on the reflection type liquid crystal display device is reflected and emitted, and FIG. 6A shows the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer. (B) shows the luminance distribution when only the pixel g is driven to the maximum luminance, and (C) shows the inclination angle of the alignment film.
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a luminance distribution when only the pixel r and the pixel g are driven to the maximum luminance. FIG. 6 shows a state of the liquid crystal molecules 5a inclined rightward with respect to the alignment direction of the alignment film 4.

In general, factors affecting color reproducibility include the occurrence of disclination and the electric field exerted on adjacent pixels. Disclination occurs when driving a pixel r, a pixel g, and a pixel b when there is a sharp potential difference between adjacent pixel electrodes, and light is not effectively modulated, which causes deterioration in color reproducibility. Become. Usually, the disclination refers to a line or a point at which the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 5a of the liquid crystal layer 5 becomes discontinuous. Here, it refers to a dark line observed on each of the pixels r, g, and b.

Further, an electric field generated in an adjacent pixel affects the liquid crystal layer 5 of the adjacent pixel, and the light modulation rate of the liquid crystal layer 5 changes, thereby causing deterioration of color reproducibility. That is, when an adjacent pixel is driven in a state where an electric field is generated in an adjacent pixel, the light modulation rate of the liquid crystal layer 5 is reduced. The modulation rate is increased from the state of 0.

Hereinafter, the effect of the disclination and the electric field generated laterally on adjacent pixels on the color reproducibility will be described in detail. First, the disclination that occurs when the pixel g is driven and the pixels r and b are not driven will be described. Here, the pixel r is driven by applying a driving voltage between the pixel electrode 3R and the common electrode 7 to drive the pixel g and the pixel b. 7 is performed by applying a drive voltage.

Since the liquid crystal layer 5 has a negative dielectric anisotropy, when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 5, the liquid crystal layer 5
An electric field formed by this voltage acts on the middle liquid crystal molecules 5a in a direction perpendicular to the electric field.

Normally, when a voltage is applied between the pixel electrode 3G and the common electrode 7, an electric field generated by the voltage acts in a substantially vertical direction between these electrodes, and the liquid crystal molecules 5a cause the magnitude of the electric field to increase. Accordingly, it is inclined toward the alignment direction determined by the first alignment film 4 and the second alignment film 6. However, since no electric field is applied between the adjacent electrodes 3R and 3B and the common electrode 7, the direction of the electric field changes largely near the edge of the pixel electrode 3G. In particular, in the vicinity of the pixel electrode 3G on the pixel electrode 3B side, the liquid crystal molecules 5a exhibiting a tilt direction different from the tilt direction of the liquid crystal molecules 5a aligned in the alignment direction of the first alignment film 4 at the center of the pixel electrode 3G.
Is generated, and the liquid crystal molecules 5b tilted in a direction different from the alignment direction of the first alignment film 4 are generated. Therefore, the liquid crystal molecules 5 aligned in the alignment direction of the first alignment film 4
liquid crystal molecules 5 oriented in a different direction from
b causes disclination. In this disclination portion, a light modulation rate corresponding to the intensity of incident light cannot be obtained, and the electric field increases and the image is displayed as a dark portion on the screen. FIG.
In (A), the disclination is indicated by hatching.

Since this disclination occurs only in the portion where the electric field changes sharply, the pixel electrodes 3R,
It is independent of the size of 3G, 3B. Therefore, the smaller the size of the pixel electrodes 3R, 3G, 3B, the greater the effect. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6B, the luminance of the reflected light that is reflected and emitted by the portion corresponding to the disclination occurring in the pixel g decreases.

Next, the pixel g is driven, and the pixel r and the pixel b are driven.
The effect of the electric field on the pixels r and b when the pixel is not driven will be described. When the electric field generated by the voltage for driving the pixel g spreads in the directions of the pixels r and b, the pixels r and b
The liquid crystal layer 5 of the pixel r and the pixel b is subjected to a force acting in a direction perpendicular to this electric field on the liquid crystal molecules 5a of the liquid crystal layer 5 of FIG.
The light modulation rate increases. Since this electric field becomes weaker in the direction away from the pixel g, the light modulation rate of the liquid crystal layer 5 of the pixel r and the pixel b decreases as the distance from the pixel g increases.

As a result, light modulation also contributes to the pixels r and b that are not driven, and as shown in FIG. 6B, the luminance of the reflected light decreases as the distance from the pixel g increases. Therefore, also in this case, the change in the electric field does not depend on the size of each of the pixel electrodes 3R, 3G, and 3B. Therefore, the smaller the pixels r, g, and b, the larger the influence. As described above, while the pixel g emits light having reduced luminance at the disclination portion, the light also emits from the undriven pixels r and b, so that these lights are emitted from the pixel g. Of the light projected on the screen, the color reproducibility is reduced. This relationship is the same when only the pixel r and the pixel b are driven.

Next, the pixel g and the pixel r are driven, and the pixel b and the pixel b are driven.
The disclination that occurs when the device is not driven will be described. The electric field between pixel g and pixel r is
Since the pixel and the pixel r have the same potential, the direction of the electric field is substantially constant. Therefore, no disclination occurs near the edge portions of the pixel electrodes 3R and 3G adjacent to each other. However, in the vicinity of the pixel electrode 3G on the pixel electrode 3B side, there is a change in the direction of the electric field in the same manner as when only the pixel g is driven as described above, so that disclination occurs. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6C, the luminance of the reflected light that is reflected and emitted by the portion corresponding to the disclination occurring in the pixel g decreases.

Next, the pixel g and the pixel r are driven, and the pixel b and the pixel b are driven.
The effect of the electric field on the pixel b when the electric field by the pixel g and the pixel r extends in the horizontal direction of the adjacent pixel b when the pixel is not driven will be described. When the electric field generated by the voltage for driving the pixels g and r spreads in the direction of the pixel b, the liquid crystal molecules 5a of the liquid crystal layer 5 of the pixel b are subjected to a force acting in the direction perpendicular to the electric field. The light modulation rate of 5 is
To increase. Since this electric field becomes weaker in the direction away from the pixels g and r, the light modulation rate of the liquid crystal layer 5 of the pixel b decreases as the pixels go away from the pixels g and r. As a result, light modulation contributes also from the pixel electrode 3B of the pixel b, and as shown in FIG. 6C, the luminance of the reflected light decreases as the distance from the pixel g and the pixel r increases.

The pixel r emits light without disclination, whereas the pixel g emits light reduced at the disclination part, so that light having a different luminance from the pixels r and g is emitted. Are emitted from the undriven pixel b adjacent thereto, and these lights are mixed with the R light emitted from the pixel r and the G light emitted from the pixel g. It will worsen the complementary color of light.

This relationship is to drive pixel b and pixel r,
When the pixel g is not driven, the pixel g and the pixel r are driven,
The same result is obtained when the pixel b is not driven. In order to improve the color reproducibility of a liquid crystal projector using such a reflective liquid crystal display device, it is necessary to drive each pixel with a large voltage, but sufficient light modulation cannot be performed. Get dark. Each pixel r,
Although it is conceivable to perform electrical correction so that the luminance of the light emitted from g and b is adjusted to the portion where the disclination occurs, the driving circuit becomes complicated and the cost increases, which is not practical. In this case, too, the maximum brightness must be adjusted to a level lower than the possible voltage,
The brightness when displaying white is reduced.

In order to reduce disclination, it is known that the pretilt angle (the angle at which the liquid crystal molecules are tilted from the vertical direction) of the liquid crystal molecules 5a of the liquid crystal layer 5 of the liquid crystal display device should be greatly tilted from the initial state. I have. But,
The contrast ratio deteriorates, and the color reproducibility also deteriorates.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a reflection type liquid crystal display having good color reproducibility when one or two of the pixels corresponding to three color lights are driven. The purpose is to provide a device.

[0023]

The reflection type liquid crystal display device of the present invention comprises a set of at least three pixel electrodes corresponding to three primary color lights sequentially formed on a substrate and arranged at a predetermined pitch. It comprises a pixel electrode layer arranged in a matrix, a first alignment film, a common electrode formed on a transparent substrate, and a second alignment film.
The alignment film and the second alignment film are arranged facing each other with a predetermined gap, and the substrate and the transparent substrate are bonded to each other,
In a reflective liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal layer injected into the gap, an orientation direction of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer is ± 30 ° to ± 40 ° with respect to an alignment direction of the pixel electrode.
It is characterized by having been set in the range.

[0024]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 illustrates a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal element. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an evaluation system for evaluating a liquid crystal element. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the light intensity ratio and the orientation direction of liquid crystal molecules. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the relative luminance and the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules.
The same components as those of the conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. The reflective liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
In the conventional reflection type liquid crystal display device 1, the liquid crystal molecules 5a of the liquid crystal layer 5 are oriented in a direction inclined in a range of ± 30 ° to ± 40 ° with respect to the alignment direction of each of the pixel electrodes 3R, 3G, 3B. It is.

In the following, in the reflection type liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the pixel electrodes 3R, 3G, and 3B of the liquid crystal element A are driven while the pixel electrodes corresponding to predetermined two-color light are driven.
The readout liquid crystal display device was irradiated with readout light, and after reflection, the relative luminance and light intensity ratio of the readout light emitted were examined. Here, the color filter 9 is removed for simplification and examination. Also, three pixel electrodes 3R, 3G, 3B
Among them, the pixel electrode 3R for R light and the pixel electrode 3G for G light were driven.

The liquid crystal element A was manufactured as follows. A first polyimide film is applied to the pixel electrodes 3R, 3G, and 3B that are formed in a matrix on the MOS substrate 2 in advance, and rubbing is performed after firing to form a first alignment film 4. Here, the pitch between the pixel electrodes 3R, 3G, and 3B is 7.5 μm. As shown in FIG. 1A, when one arrangement direction of the pixel electrodes 3R, 3G, and 3B is defined as an X-axis direction, a predetermined rubbing process is performed with respect to the X-axis direction. The processing is performed in the direction having the processing angle θ. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1B, a second polyimide film is applied to the common electrode 7 formed on the glass substrate 8 and, after firing, a (180 ° -θ) direction with respect to the X-axis direction.
That is, rubbing is performed in an antiparallel direction to the rubbing direction of the first alignment film 4 to form the second alignment film 6.

Next, as shown in FIG. 1C, the first alignment film 4 and the second alignment film 6 face each other,
2. thickness on the MOS substrate 2 on which R, 3G and 3B are formed;
The glass substrate 8 on which the common electrode 7 is formed is bonded via a 2 μm spacer S. The liquid crystal layer 5 is provided in a gap between the first alignment film 4 and the second alignment film 6 obtained by the spacer S.
To form a liquid crystal element A. Since the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 5a of the liquid crystal layer 5 is the same as the alignment direction of the first and second alignment films 4 and 6, it forms an angle of θ with the X axis.

Next, the evaluation system 10 for measuring the relative luminance and the light intensity ratio of the liquid crystal element A has the following configuration. The evaluation system 10 includes a light source 11, a polarizer 12 for polarizing reading light emitted from the light source 11, and a polarizer 1.
2. A half mirror 13 that reflects half of the read light polarized by 2 and passes the other half, and a read light modulated by a liquid crystal element A disposed in the traveling direction of the read light reflected by the half mirror 13. Light is half mirror 1
Analyzers 14 sequentially arranged on the side that exits through 3;
It comprises a lens 15 and a luminance evaluator 16. The luminance evaluator 16 can directly measure the luminance of the read light emitted from a specific pixel among the read lights emitted from the pixels r, g, and b of the liquid crystal element A. Note that the reading light may be white light or monochromatic light.

A liquid crystal element A using this evaluation system 10
Are measured as follows.
First, the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules 5a of the liquid crystal layer 5 is set to 30 ° to 6 °.
A liquid crystal element A manufactured by changing the angle in the range of 0 ° is prepared. As described above, the liquid crystal element A is arranged such that the emission side of the readout light reflected by the half mirror 13 faces the glass plate 8 side of the liquid crystal element A. Further, the driving circuit 17 is connected to the liquid crystal element A, and the driving circuit 17 drives predetermined pixels r and g of the liquid crystal element A. The reading light is emitted from the light source 11 and the reading light reflected by the half mirror 13 is incident on the liquid crystal element A. The readout light is reflected by the pixel electrode layer 3 of the liquid crystal element A, exits from the glass plate 8 side, enters the luminance evaluator 16 via the half mirror 13, the analyzer 14, and the lens 15, and measures the luminance. I do.

Next, the liquid crystal element A is irradiated with readout light in a state where the pixels r and g are driven and the pixel b is not driven, and the readout light emitted from only the pixel electrode 3R or the pixel electrode 3G is measured. Then, the light intensity ratio of the light emitted from the pixel r to the light emitted from the pixel g was measured. The result is shown in FIG. 3, the vertical axis represents the light intensity ratio of the light emitted from the pixel r to the light emitted from the pixel g, and the horizontal axis represents the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules 5a of the liquid crystal layer 5.

As shown in FIG. 3, the liquid crystal molecules 5 of the liquid crystal layer 5
In the case where the alignment direction of a is tilted in the range of 30 ° to 40 ° from the X axis, the light intensity ratio of the light emitted from the pixel r to the light emitted from the pixel g is 0. 68
０．９0.95. Normally, this light intensity ratio is 0.
If it is 65 or more, electrical correction is easy and a sufficiently complementary color can be obtained visually. Therefore, by setting it in this range, good color reproducibility can be obtained. This is presumably because the disclination generated on the pixel electrode 2G is small, and the electric field generated by the pixel g and the pixel r has little effect on the adjacent pixel b. Further, the pixel r and the pixel b or the pixel g
Similar results are obtained when only the pixel b is driven, and good color reproducibility is obtained.

Next, while the pixel g was driven, the liquid crystal element A was irradiated with readout light, the light emitted from these pixels was measured, and the luminance was measured. In FIG. 4, the vertical axis represents the relative luminance with respect to the luminance when the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 5 is 45 °, and the horizontal axis represents the orientation direction θ of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 5.

As shown in FIG. 4, the relative luminance is
When the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules 5a is 45 °, the curve becomes an upwardly convex curve having an apex.
In the range of 30 ° to 60 °, it is in the range of 0.75 to 1.
Note that 45 ° in the drawing is the orientation direction of the conventional liquid crystal molecules 5a used for giving priority to obtaining the maximum luminance. In general, when the relative luminance is 0.75 or more, a significant decrease is not visually recognized. Therefore, if the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules 5a of the liquid crystal layer 5 is in the range of 30 ° to 60 °, sufficient luminance is obtained. It turns out that it can obtain. The same applies when only the pixel r and the pixel b are driven.

As described above, when the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 5a of the liquid crystal layer 5 is set in the range of 30 ° to 40 °, the disclination of the liquid crystal layer 5 generated on the pixel electrode 3R is small, and the pixel g and the pixel Since the influence of the electric field by r on the adjacent pixel b is reduced, good color reproducibility can be obtained even when the pixel electrodes 3R, 3G, 3B are small (even when the pixel electrodes 3R, 3G, 3B are made dense). Is obtained, and a sufficient luminance can be obtained. In addition, when the single color driving is performed in this range, the floating of the adjacent pixels is reduced, and the color reproducibility of the primary colors is improved. Although the case where the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 5a is + has been described above, the same applies to the case where the alignment direction is-. That is,
The alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 5a of the liquid crystal layer 5 is −40 ° to −30.
The same effect can be obtained in the case of the range of °. In the above,
When the MOS substrate 2 and the glass substrate 8 are bonded to each other, the rubbing directions of the first alignment film 4 and the second alignment film 6 are antiparallel, but are not antiparallel (when twisted).
The same effect can be obtained if the intermediate angle between the rubbing angle of the first alignment film 4 and the rubbing angle of the second alignment film 6 is in the range of ± 30 ° to ± 40 °.

[0035]

According to the reflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention, at least three pixel electrodes arranged at a predetermined pitch and corresponding to the three primary color lights sequentially formed on the substrate are formed as a set. A pixel electrode layer arranged in a matrix, a first alignment film, a common electrode formed on a transparent substrate, and a second alignment film; and further comprising the first alignment film and the second alignment film. In a reflection type liquid crystal display device comprising a film and a liquid crystal layer injected into the gap, the substrate and the transparent substrate being bonded to each other with a predetermined gap therebetween, and one arrangement of the pixel electrodes. Since the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer is set in the range of ± 30 ° to ± 40 ° with respect to the direction, even if each pixel electrode is small (even if each pixel electrode is made high density), the brightness is reduced. And good color reproducibility is obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 illustrates a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal element.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an evaluation system for evaluating a liquid crystal element.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between a light intensity ratio and an alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between relative luminance and the orientation direction of liquid crystal molecules.

FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing a conventional reflective liquid crystal display device.

6A and 6B are diagrams illustrating the luminance and the positional relationship of pixels r, g, and b when readout light that has entered a reflective liquid crystal display device is reflected and emitted, and FIG. 6A illustrates liquid crystal molecules in a liquid crystal layer. (B) shows the luminance distribution when only the pixel g is driven to the maximum luminance, and (C) shows the luminance when only the pixel r and the pixel g are driven to the maximum luminance. It is a figure showing distribution.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Reflection type liquid crystal display device, 2 ... MOS substrate (substrate), 3 ... pixel electrode layer, 3R, 3G, 3B ... pixel electrode
4 ... first alignment film, 4a ... alignment molecules, 5 ... liquid crystal layer, 5a ...
Liquid crystal molecules, 6: second alignment film, 7: common electrode, 8: glass plate, 9: color filter

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pixel electrode layer comprising at least a set of three pixel electrodes corresponding to three primary color lights sequentially formed on a substrate and arranged at a predetermined pitch, and arranged in a matrix. A first alignment film, on the other hand, a common electrode formed on a transparent substrate, and a second alignment film;
The alignment film and the second alignment film are arranged facing each other with a predetermined gap, and the substrate and the transparent substrate are bonded to each other,
In a reflective liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal layer injected into the gap, an orientation direction of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer is ± 30 ° to ± 40 ° with respect to an alignment direction of the pixel electrode.
A reflective liquid crystal display device characterized by the following range.