JP2001140944A - One-way clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure of a one-way clutch capable of pouring lubricant into a pocket of a holder after assembling all the constituent elements thereof to improve the productivity of a one-way clutch. SOLUTION: In a one-way clutch 3 of such type that a cam face 1Oa for forming a wedgelike space is provided on a peripheral face on one hand of inner and outer rings 10, 11 and a roller 13 is arranged in each wedgelike space to hold each roller 13 by a holder 12, a flow passage 12e for pouring lubricant into a pocket 12a is provided in a side wall part 12d on one side in the axial direction of each pocket 12a in the holder 12. Consequently, it is possible to pour lubricant into the pocket 12a of the holder 12 simply from the outside even in a condition in which the one-way clutch 3 is assembled to a complete condition. As a result, it is unnecessary to pour lubricant during the assembly of one-way clutch 3 as in the conventional case, and it is possible to perform the assembly work of one-way clutch from the start to the end continuously.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a one-way clutch using rollers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional one-way clutch of this type is shown in FIG.
, Inner ring 85, outer ring 86, a plurality of rollers 87,
It has a retainer 88 and a coil spring 89.

In the illustrated one-way clutch, a flat cam surface 85a is provided at several places around the inner ring 85, and the cam surface 85a of the inner ring 85 and the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 86 form a wedge. A space is formed.

Further, an inner race 85 provided with a cam surface 85a is provided.
, A retainer 88 is externally fitted in a fixed state, and a roller 87 and a coil spring 89 are accommodated in a pocket 88a of the retainer 88, respectively.

Normally, the retainer 88 is formed in an annular shape, and has pockets 88a penetrating radially inward and outward at several locations on the circumference thereof, and a column portion extending in the axial direction between the pockets 88a. 88b is present.

In such a retainer 88, in order to mount the coil spring 89 on the retainer 88 in a non-separable manner, conventionally, a projection 88c is provided on one wall surface of each column 88b.
One end of the coil spring 89 is externally fitted to and held by the projection 88c.

In the case of the one-way clutch, the cage 88 is attached to the inner race 85 and the rollers 87 are incorporated in the pockets 88a of the cage 88, that is, the outer race 8
At the stage of semi-finished state before assembling only 6,
A lubricant such as grease is injected into the remaining space in the eighth pocket 88a.

[0008]

In the above-described conventional one-way clutch, since the operation of injecting the lubricant must be performed during the assembly of the one-way clutch, the manufacturing efficiency of the one-way clutch is deteriorated. There is room for

In the case of the one-way clutch shown in FIG.
Although a slight gap exists between the retainer 88 and the cam surface 85a of the inner ring 85, this gap is so small that the lubricant injection nozzle cannot be inserted.
The method as described above was adopted.

In view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a one-way clutch having a structure in which a lubricant can be injected into a retainer pocket even after all of its components are assembled, thereby improving the productivity of the one-way clutch. It aims at improvement.

[0011]

The first one-way clutch of the present invention switches between a locked state in which concentrically disposed inner and outer rings are synchronously rotated and a free state in which the inner and outer rings are relatively rotated. At several places on one circumference of the outer ring,
A cam surface for forming a wedge-shaped space in which the facing distance between the outer rings is increased toward one side in the circumferential direction is provided, and on the side where the cam surface is provided, radially inner and outer portions are provided at several places corresponding to the wedge-shaped space. An annular retainer having a pocket penetrating therethrough is fitted and mounted, and in each of the pockets of the retainer, an elastic member for elastically urging the rollers and the rollers toward the narrow side of the wedge-shaped space is housed, one by one. In the retainer, a flow path for injecting lubricant into the pocket is provided on a side wall portion located on one side in the axial direction of each of the pockets.

According to a second one-way clutch of the present invention, a wedge is formed between an outer race having an inner peripheral surface formed in a cylindrical shape and a cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the outer race which is inserted through the inner periphery of the outer race at several places around the circumference. An inner ring provided with a cam surface forming a ring-shaped space, rollers disposed one by one in each of the wedge-shaped spaces, and an outer peripheral surface fitted in a state where the inner peripheral surface is prevented from rotating in conformity with the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring. Ring-shaped retainer having a pocket in which each roller is accommodated in a state in which a circumferential rolling range is regulated, and a wedge-shaped space provided in the pocket of the retainer to An elastic member that resiliently urges a narrow side, and a concave portion that is depressed radially outward is provided on an inner diameter surface of a side wall portion located on one side in the axial direction of each of the pockets in the retainer. Inject the lubricant into the pocket between the recess and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring Channel for is provided, it is characterized in that.

As described above, according to the present invention, since the flow path for injecting lubricant into the pocket is provided in the side wall portion on one axial side of each pocket in the cage, the one-way clutch is brought into a completed state. Even in the assembled state, the lubricant can be easily injected from the outside into the cage pocket.
This eliminates the need to perform lubricant injection during the assembly of the one-way clutch as in the related art, and improves the efficiency such that the one-way clutch can be continuously assembled from the beginning to the end.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The details of the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention. Here, an example in which a one-way clutch is incorporated in a pulley unit will be described. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pulley unit, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line (2)-(2) of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an inner ring and a retainer in the one-way clutch, FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment in which lubricant is injected into the one-way clutch alone, and FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows a molding die.

The illustrated pulley unit A has a pulley 1, a hollow shaft 2, a one-way clutch 3, and two rolling bearings 4,5.

The pulley 1 is rotatably driven by a crankshaft of, for example, an automobile engine via a V-ribbed belt B, and has a wavy groove on the outer periphery of which the V-ribbed belt B is wound.

The hollow shaft 2 is inserted through the inner periphery of the pulley 1 and is fixed to an input shaft (for example, a rotor of an alternator) of an auxiliary device of an automobile engine (not shown).

The one-way clutch 3 comprises a pulley 1 and a hollow shaft 2
The inner ring 10, the outer ring 11, an annular retainer 12 made of a synthetic resin,
A plurality of rollers 13, an elliptical coil spring 1 as an elastic member
4 is provided.

The two rolling bearings 4 and 5 are provided one by one on both sides in the axial direction of the opposed annular space between the pulley 1 and the hollow shaft 2. Each of these rolling bearings 4 and 5 is a general deep groove ball bearing, and includes inner rings 21 and 31 and an outer ring 2.
2, 32, a plurality of balls 23, 33, and annular retainers 24, 34 made of synthetic resin. A seal 6 is mounted on the axially outer end sides of these rolling bearings 4 and 5.

The components of the one-way clutch 3 will be described.

The inner race 10 is externally fitted to the hollow shaft 2 by press fitting, and has a flat key-shaped cam surface 10a at several places on the outer peripheral surface thereof. In this example, the number of the cam surfaces 10a is eight.
The outer diameter of 0 is octagonal.

The outer race 11 is fitted into the pulley 1 by press fitting, and has an inner peripheral surface formed in a cylindrical shape.

The retainer 12 is disposed in an annular space facing the inner and outer rings 10 and 11 and is externally positioned in a state of being positioned in the circumferential direction and the axial direction with respect to the inner ring 10.
The pockets 12 penetratingly formed inward and outward in the radial direction are provided at several places around the circumference, that is, in a region corresponding to the cam surface 10a of the inner ring 10.
a is provided. A column 12b extends along the axial direction between the pockets 12a.

The rollers 13 are provided in the respective pockets 12 of the cage 12.
a is stored in a state in which the circumferential rolling range is regulated one by one.

The coil spring 14 is provided on each of the pillars 1 of the cage 12.
The roller 13 is attached to a projection 12c protruding from the inner wall surface of the inner ring 2b and presses the rollers 13 toward a narrow side (lock side) of a wedge-shaped space formed by the cam surface 10a and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 11. .

By forming the inner peripheral surface of the retainer 12 into a shape that fits into the polygonal outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 10, the retainer 12 is prevented from rotating in the circumferential direction with respect to the inner ring 10. ing.

The outer diameters R1, R2 of the inner races 21, 31 of the two rolling bearings 4, 5 disposed on both sides of the one-way clutch 3 are determined by the inner diameter r of the retainer 12 of the one-way clutch 3. By setting a larger value, the retainer 12 of the one-way clutch 3 can be connected to the inner races 2 of the rolling bearings 4 and 5 on both sides.
As a form in which the one-way clutch 3 sandwiches the one-way clutch 3 in the axial direction, the amount of axial displacement of the one-way clutch 3 in the retainer 12 is regulated.

Next, the operation of the pulley unit A will be described. In short, when the rotation speed of the pulley 1 becomes relatively higher than that of the hollow shaft 2, the roller 13 of the one-way clutch 3 is rolled toward the narrow side of the wedge-shaped space to be in a locked state. 2 and rotate synchronously. However, when the rotation speed of the pulley 1 becomes relatively slower than that of the hollow shaft 2, the roller 13 of the one-way clutch 3 is rolled to the wide side of the wedge-shaped space to be in a free state. As a result, the transmission of the rotational power to the hollow shaft 2 is interrupted, and the hollow shaft 2 continues to rotate only by the rotational inertia force.

By the way, when the pulley unit A is used as an alternator for an automobile engine, the belt B
Irrespective of fluctuations in the rotation of the crankshaft of the engine, which is the driving source of the motor, the rotation of the rotor of the alternator can be maintained at a high frequency to increase the power generation efficiency. That is, when the rotational speed of the crankshaft increases, the one-way clutch 3 is locked to rotate the inner ring 2 synchronously with the outer ring 1, while when the rotational speed of the crankshaft decreases, The one-way clutch 3 is brought into the free state, and the hollow shaft 2 may be continuously rotated by its own rotational inertia regardless of the speed reduction of the pulley 1.

The first embodiment is characterized by the shape of the retainer 12 in the one-way clutch 3, and will be described in detail below.

That is, in the retainer 12, the side walls 12d, 12d are present on both sides in the axial direction of each pocket 12a, and the inner peripheral surface of one side wall 12d corresponds to the projection 12c in each pocket 12a. The concave region 12e for injecting the lubricant, which is depressed radially outward, is provided in each phase region, and the bottom surface position of the concave portion 12e is set to the same level as the inner diameter surface position of the projection 12c. The protrusion 12c is shifted to the outer diameter side in the column portion 12b.

A method for securing the recess 12e of the retainer 12 and shifting the protrusion 12c to the outer diameter side will be described.

That is, the retainer 12 here is manufactured by molding using a synthetic resin material. In this molding, as shown in FIG. 5, an inner mold 40 applied to the inner peripheral surface of the retainer 12, an outer mold 41 applied to the outer peripheral surface of the retainer 12, and a pocket 12a are formed. Are used. Among them, a plurality of convex portions 43... Corresponding to the respective concave portions 12 e of the retainer 12 are provided in the inner mold, and the inner mold is obtained by reverse transfer from the convex portions 43.

If the retainer 12 is provided with the concave portion 12e as described above, the one-way clutch 3 is assembled in a completed state, and the remaining space in the pocket 12a of the retainer 12 is greased. Lubricant can be injected. More specifically, even if the one-way clutch 3 is assembled in a completed state, a flow path along the axial direction is formed between the one-way clutch 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 10 by the concave portion 12 e provided in the retainer 12. As shown in FIG. 4, by inserting the lubricant injection nozzle 7 into the flow path formed by the recess 12e and the inner ring 10, the lubricant can be filled in the pocket 12a of the retainer 12. is there. Therefore, there is no need to perform a lubricant injection operation during the manufacturing process of the one-way clutch 3,
Since the manufacturing process can be continuously performed from the beginning to the end, it is possible to contribute to improvement in productivity.

Further, the reason why the projection 12c of the retainer 12 is provided so as to be shifted to the outer diameter side will be described. That is, the coil spring 14 is mounted on the projection 12c. If the inner diameter surface of the projection 12c is set to the same level as the inner peripheral surface of the retainer 12,
Since the inner diameter surface of the inner ring 10 abuts against the cam surface 10a of the inner ring 10, the retainer 12 cannot be externally mounted on the inner ring 10 while the coil spring 14 is mounted on the projection 12c. It is. Therefore, the recess 12e
If the position of the inner diameter surface of the projection 12c is shifted to the outer diameter side using a mold shape for obtaining
A gap for interposing the coil spring 14 is secured between the cam surface 10a and the cam surface 10a.

FIGS. 6 to 8 show a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pulley unit, and FIG.
Is a sectional view taken along line (7)-(7) of FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the inner race and the retainer in the one-way clutch.

In order to reduce the number of parts and the manufacturing cost, the pulley unit A of the second embodiment has the inner and outer rings 10 and 11 of the one-way clutch 3 and the inner and outer rings 21 of the two rolling bearings 4 and 5. Omit 31, 22, 32,
The inner rings 21 and 31 are shared by the hollow shaft 2 of the pulley unit A, and the outer rings 22 and 32 are shared by the pulley 1 of the pulley unit A.

In this connection, as the first rolling bearing 4, a plurality of balls 23 and a crown-shaped cage 24 holding the balls 23 are provided.
And a cage and roller comprising a plurality of rollers 33 and a retainer 34 for holding the rollers 33 are used as the second rolling bearings 5.

The one-way clutch 3 according to the second embodiment comprises a retainer 12 and a coil spring 14, and the structure of the retainer 12 has been described in the first embodiment. You can use exactly the same ones. In this case, the assembly in which the rollers 13 and the coil springs 14 are incorporated in the pockets 12A of the retainer 12 is mounted between the pulley 1 and the hollow shaft 2, and the retainer is mounted before the second rolling bearing 5 is assembled. 12 pockets 1
It becomes easy to fill the lubricant into the inside 2a. If the lubricant is filled in the pocket 12a of the retainer 12 before the assembly is assembled between the pulley 1 and the hollow shaft 2, if the lubricant is filled during the assembly of the assembly, etc. There is a concern that it will be difficult to handle. This is particularly advantageous in this respect.

The shapes of the pulley 1 and the hollow shaft 2 will be described in detail.

First, in the hollow shaft 2, the axially intermediate region 2
A flat cam surface 10a of the one-way clutch 3 is formed in several places around the circumference a, and the inner raceway portions of the rolling bearings 4, 5 are secured in the axially opposite side regions 2b, 2c.
The intermediate region 2a of the hollow shaft 2 is octagonal,
b and 2c are formed in a circular shape.

The outer diameter of the area 2b of the hollow shaft 2 that is to be the inner raceway of the first rolling bearing 4 is set to be larger than the outer diameter of the area 2c that is to be the inner raceway of the second rolling bearing 5. ing. This is to allow the one-way clutch 3 and the two rolling bearings 4 and 5 to be easily and sequentially assembled between the pulley 1 and the hollow shaft 2 from one side in the axial direction.

A large-diameter region 2b on the inner peripheral surface of the pulley 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft 2 at one end in the axial direction.
Is formed with a raceway groove in which the ball 23 of the first rolling bearing 4 formed of a deep groove ball bearing is interposed.

Further, a small-diameter region 2c on the inner peripheral surface of the pulley 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft 2 on the other end side in the axial direction.
Is provided with a circumferential groove 2d, and a radially inward ring-shaped projection 34a provided on the inner circumference of the retainer 34 of the second rolling bearing 5 formed of a cage and roller with respect to the circumferential groove 2d. By being engaged, the retainer 34 is positioned in the axial direction.

Then, the retainer 12 of the one-way clutch 3
Is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft 2 in a shape that matches the outer shape of the axially intermediate region 2a, that is, in an octagon,
The roller 13 is held in the retainer 12 and is fitted around the axially intermediate region 2a of the hollow shaft 2 in a state where the rollers 13 are retained, thereby being prevented from rotating in the circumferential direction.

The retainer 12 of the one-way clutch 3
The tapered step 2e connecting the cam surface 10a of the intermediate region 2a and the large-diameter region 2b of the hollow shaft 2 blocks the movement toward the first rolling bearing 4 and positions the shaft relative to the hollow shaft 2 in the axial direction. Cage 34 of the completed second rolling bearing 5
Thereby, the movement to the second rolling bearing 5 side is sealed.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to only the above-described embodiment, and various applications and modifications are conceivable. (1) In the above-described embodiment, the one-way clutch 3 has been described as being incorporated in the pulley unit A. However, the one-way clutch 3 can be used for devices for various uses, and therefore, the pulley unit A is used as an object to be used. It is not limited to only. (2) The detailed configuration of the one-way clutch 3 in the above embodiment is not limited, and various modifications are possible.

[0049]

According to the one-way clutch of the present invention, the one-way clutch is completed by providing a flow path for injecting lubricant into the pocket on one axial side wall of the cage pocket. Even in the assembled state, the lubricant can be easily injected from the outside into the cage pocket.Therefore, it is not necessary to perform the injection of the lubricant during the assembly of the one-way clutch as in the related art. Efficiency is improved because the assembly work can be performed continuously from the beginning to the end. Therefore, it is possible to contribute to improvement in productivity of the one-way clutch.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an upper half of a pulley unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line (2)-(2) of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an inner ring and a retainer in a one-way clutch built in the pulley unit according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a lubricant injection mode for a single one-way clutch according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a molding die of a retainer of the one-way clutch according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a pulley unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line (7)-(7) of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an inner race and a retainer in a one-way clutch according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the upper half of a conventional one-way clutch.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 3 one-way clutch 10 one-way clutch inner race 10a inner race cam surface 11 one-way clutch outer race 12 one-way clutch retainer 12a retainer pocket 12d retainer side wall 12e side wall recess 13 one-way clutch roller 14 Coil spring

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A one-way clutch for switching between a locked state in which concentrically arranged inner and outer rings are synchronously rotated and a free state in which the inner and outer rings are relatively rotated, wherein the one-way clutch is provided at several locations on one circumferential surface of the inner and outer rings. A cam surface for forming a wedge-shaped space in which the facing distance between the inner and outer rings is increased toward one side in the circumferential direction is provided, and a plurality of circumferential positions corresponding to the wedge-shaped space are provided on the side where the cam surface is provided. An annular retainer having a pocket penetrating in and out in the radial direction is fitted and mounted, and one elastic member is provided in each pocket of the retainer to elastically urge the rollers and the rollers toward the narrow side of the wedge-shaped space. A one-way clutch, wherein a flow path for injecting lubricant into the pocket is provided in a side wall portion of the cage, which is located on one side in the axial direction of each of the pockets. 2. An outer ring having an inner peripheral surface formed in a cylindrical shape, and a cam surface which is inserted through the inner periphery of the outer ring and forms a wedge-shaped space between the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring at several places around the circumference. An inner ring provided, rollers disposed one by one in each of the wedge-shaped spaces, and an inner peripheral surface fitted to an outer peripheral surface of the inner ring so as to be fitted around the outer ring in a state where it is prevented from rotating, and each of the rollers is provided. An annular retainer having a pocket accommodated in a state in which the circumferential rolling range is restricted, and an annular retainer disposed in the pocket of the retainer to elastically urge the roller toward the narrow side of the wedge-shaped space. An elastic member, and a concave portion which is depressed radially outward is provided on an inner diameter surface of a side wall portion located on one side in the axial direction of each of the pockets in the retainer, and a pocket is formed by the concave portion and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring. There is a flow path for injecting lubricant inside One-way clutch, characterized in that,.