JP2001128402A - Motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a concentrated winding stator which can be applied to a small-sized, high output and high efficiency motor or generator whose rated output and life are improved by efficiently radiating the heat generated by windings. SOLUTION: A stator element is composed of a core segment 11 with a slot, an insulator 12 covering the core segment 11 and a coil 14 formed by winding a conductor on the tooth of the segment 11 with the insulator 12 therebetween. A motor has a stator composed of a plurality of the stator elements assembled into an annular shape. At least a part of the insulator 12, which is brought into contact with the coil 14, is made of insulating resin with a high thermal conductivity.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a motor having a stator and an insulator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, stators provided with field windings of a motor and a generator are roughly divided into distributed windings in which a plurality of phase windings are arranged in a plurality of slots formed between stator pole teeth. And a concentrated winding stator in which one phase winding is wound around one stator pole tooth. The concentrated winding stator has the advantage that the winding end (coil end part) can be particularly shortened, so that the motor can be downsized and the winding resistance is also reduced, so that copper loss caused by winding current and winding resistance is reduced. And the advantage of high efficiency is obtained.

In particular, unlike an induction motor in which a secondary copper loss exists in a rotor, a synchronous motor efficiently radiates heat generated from a stator winding, thereby improving rated output and reducing the life due to heat generation. A highly efficient motor with a long life can be realized.

Therefore, conventionally, the surface area is increased by radiating fins of the frame on the outer periphery of the stator, forced air cooling by a fan or the like, or liquid cooling is performed by using a cooling liquid passage provided in the frame. Was common. There are also those that directly cool the core winding inside the motor with oil, and those that release the internal heat to the outside with a heat pipe.However, cooling directly the inside of the motor increases the number of parts, The structure becomes complicated, and new issues such as securing reliability arise.

[0005] In order to pass a current through a winding serving as a heat source,
Electrical insulation of the winding surface, an insulator is also placed between the core and the magnetic steel sheet around which the winding is wound, and the winding coating is peeled off at the edge of the iron core during winding, The winding is not broken. The above is the configuration of the winding part of a general motor.

[0006]

However, such an insulator is an electrical insulator but also an insulator against heat. Therefore, since there is an obstacle in transmitting heat, there is an example in which a high heat conductive resin is disposed in a space between the winding and the frame to efficiently radiate heat generated by the motor.

However, by disposing the high thermal conductive resin as described above, the heat radiation effect is enhanced, but there is a problem that the weight of the motor increases. In particular, in a motor for an electric vehicle which is required to have a small size, a high output and a high efficiency, an increase in weight is a serious problem. Furthermore, there are issues such as the need for equipment and processes for filling the resin, and the need to ensure sufficient reliability so that short-circuiting due to insulation breakdown of the winding does not occur depending on the pressure and temperature of the resin filling. is there.

Next, there is the following problem in changing to a material having a higher thermal conductivity of the insulator. In the step of winding the winding around the core, if the winding is not wound with a certain amount of tension, the winding is slack, and the winding cannot be accurately performed in the slot. The insulator must have a strength that can withstand this tension at a minimum. On the other hand, high thermal conductivity electrical insulators are generally well-known, such as silicone rubber and synthetic resin blended with aluminum oxide having good thermal conductivity, but are soft or brittle, so the strength is low as it is. Does not function as a winding insulator.

[0009]

According to the present invention, there is provided a core segment in which a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets are laminated, an insulator having an electrical insulation covering the core segment, and a winding wound on a tooth portion of the core segment via the insulator. A motor comprising a stator in which a stator component comprising a coil portion provided with a ring is annularly combined, and at least a part of the insulator in contact with the coil portion is a high heat conductive insulating resin, and An electric motor characterized by facilitating the transfer of heat from the coil,
Since the thermal conductivity of a part of the insulator can be increased and the material of the other part can be freely selected, the thermal conductivity between the core segment and the coil portion can be enhanced while increasing the strength of the insulator.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention provides a core segment in which a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets are laminated, an insulator having an electrical insulation covering the core segment, and winding the teeth of the core segment through the insulator. And a stator comprising a stator component member formed of an annular coil portion, the insulator being in contact with the coil portion, at least a part of the insulator is a high heat conductive insulating resin, and the core segment has the coil portion. This is a motor characterized by making it easier to conduct heat from the core segment and the coil while increasing the strength of the insulator because part of the insulator has high thermal conductivity and the material of the other part can be freely selected. The thermal conductivity with the part can be increased.

[0011] Further, the core segment includes a core segment in which a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets are laminated, an electrically insulating insulator that covers the core segment, and a coil portion in which the teeth of the core segment are wound through the insulator. An electric motor including a stator in which stator constituent members are combined in an annular shape, wherein at least a part of the insulator in contact with the coil portion is a high heat conductive insulating resin. An electric motor characterized by having a high thermal conductor having a higher thermal conductivity than the high thermal conductive insulating resin interposed therebetween, and is easy to assemble. Note that the high thermal conductor may be a metal having high thermal conductivity.

Further, the insulator includes a high thermal conductive insulating resin and an insulator main body having a hole for disposing the high thermal conductive insulating resin, and the high thermal conductive resin main body has a higher thermal conductivity than the insulator main body. The high and high thermal conductive resin body is sandwiched between the coil portion and the core segment to support the axial direction of the motor, and is supported in a direction perpendicular to the motor axis by a hole in the insulator body.

Further, at least a part of the high thermal conductive insulating resin body is exposed outside the insulator, and the high thermal conductive insulating resin body is sandwiched between the insulator body and the core segment. By pressing against the core segment by the vicinity of the hole of the main body, grounding with the core can be ensured, and the grounding area can be enlarged, so that heat conduction can be further increased. A slope or a step is formed at the end of the heat conductive resin, and the heat conductor can be supported on the core segment by pressing down the insulator or the upper part of the slope or the step.

[0014] In the insulator, at least the edges of the teeth are preferably formed of a hard insulating resin.
This is because the force acting on the insulator during winding is
Focusing on the fact that it is easy to concentrate on the edge of the teeth and that no large force is generated on the end face, use an insulator that has sufficient strength against tension during winding, and use an insulator that does not require much strength against tension By using a soft material having good heat conductivity, the adhesiveness with the winding is improved, and the heat generated by the winding can be efficiently transmitted to the stator core.

[0015] When the laminated surface of the slot portion of the core segment is covered with a highly heat conductive insulating sheet, the heat of the coil portion is easily transmitted from the laminated surface of the core segment. In addition, when the high heat conductive insulating sheet has elasticity, it has excellent adhesion between the coil portion and the core segment. Furthermore, the high heat conductive insulating sheet is composed of a rubbery high heat conductive layer having high elasticity and a support layer having high strength. When the rubber high heat conductive layer is located on the coil portion side, it is easy to adhere to the coil portion. Since the stator has a certain strength, it is easy to assemble the stator. Further, the high thermal conductive insulating sheet may be sandwiched between the core segment and the end of the insulator.

[0016] The present invention is also an electric motor having a frame that covers the stator on the outer periphery of the stator in which the stator constituent members are combined in an annular shape. At least a part between the stator and the frame is heat-dissipated. With the conductive resin interposed, the heat of the core segment easily flows to the frame, and the heat generated in the coil portion is excellently radiated.

The insulator has a tensile strength of 40.
It is suitable to be formed of a hard insulating resin of MPa or more. The thermal conductivity of the high thermal conductive insulating resin is 1 W / mK.
The above is suitable.

[0018]

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a stator of an electric motor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The stator 1 combines a plurality of stator constituent members 2 in a ring shape. After the stator constituent members 2 are combined in a ring shape, the stator 1 of the concentrated winding type is completed by covering and reinforcing the ring supporting portion 3 from the outside. A rotor having a permanent magnet is arranged inside the stator 1 to obtain a permanent magnet synchronous motor. In the drawing, the winding 13 is shown in a transparent manner so that the end face of the insulator section 12 below the winding 13 can be seen.

Referring to FIG. 2, the above-described stator component will be described in detail. The stator component 2 is composed of a core segment 11 in which a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets are laminated, and an insulator portion 1.
2, a high thermal conductive insulating resin 32 is disposed in the hole 31 of the insulator section 12, and a coil section 14 is formed by winding a winding which is insulated and coated from above the insulator section 12 and the high thermal conductive insulating resin 32. I have.

The core segment 11 forming the stator component 2 has a yoke portion 21 and a tooth portion 22 as shown in FIG. Width of yoke 21 (length of outer peripheral side)
However, a space formed because the width is larger than the width of the teeth portion 22 is referred to as a slot portion 23. On the end face of the yoke part 21,
The core segment 11 has a convex portion 24 and a concave portion 25, and the convex portion and the concave portion of different core segments are fitted to each other to make the core segment 11 a ring-shaped connected body.

The insulator section 12 shown in FIG.
Is made of an insulating resin so that the coil portion 14 and the core segment 11 are not electrically connected to each other when the winding is applied to the teeth portion 22 of the core segment 11.
A guide portion (a protruding portion protruding toward the core segment side of the insulator portion 12) is inserted into and positioned. The winding supporting portions 26 and 27 project in the laminating direction of the electromagnetic steel sheets,
The winding serves as a guide so that the winding is easily wound around the teeth portion 22. A hole 31 is formed in the insulator 12.
It has. By providing the hole 31, when the insulator 12 is attached to the core segment, the hole 3
1, a part of the teeth portion 22 is exposed. It is preferable that the insulator portion 12 be configured to cover the edge portion 15 of the core segment without fail, and the hole portion 31 be located at the center of the core segment that is not located at the edge portion 15 of the core segment. When the winding is wound directly on the core segment, there is a possibility that the film of the winding is peeled off at the edge 15 of the core segment.
The periphery of the core segment is protected by the insulator portion 12 made of an electrically insulating resin. Meanwhile, when protecting the edge portion 15 of the core segment 11 with the high thermal conductive insulating resin 32, the high thermal conductive insulating resin 32 is soft and the winding may be damaged by the edge portion 15 of the core segment. Therefore, it is suitable that the edge portion 15 is formed of a hard insulating resin that is harder than the high heat conductive resin.

The stator component 2 has the above-described configuration. The stator component 2 is wound by winding between the winding support portions 27 and 28 from above the insulator portion 12 and the high heat conductive insulating resin 32. As a result, the high heat conductive insulating resin 32 is pressed down on the core segment 11 and is brought into close contact therewith. That is,
A part of the winding and the core segment 11 are in close contact with each other via the high thermal conductive insulating resin, so that the heat of the winding is easily transmitted to the core segment.

Further, since the insulator is formed of a hard insulating resin having higher hardness than the high thermal conductive insulating resin, even if the winding is wound from above the insulator, the winding is formed by the edge portion 15 of the core segment 11. It will not hurt.

After the coil portion 14 is formed, the stator constituting members 2 are connected in a ring shape. Then, at least a part of the outer periphery of the adjacent stator constituent member 2 is welded to strengthen the connection. Further, the annularly connected stator component 2
By shrink-fitting or inserting the ring support portion 3 from the outside, the ring support portion 3 is covered from the outside to realize a strong integrated structure as a stator of the electric motor.

The features of the structure of the above-described stator will be summarized and explained. In the insulator of this embodiment, the edge portion 15 of the stator is protected by a hard insulating resin having a hardness, and the hardness is hard at a certain portion. Since the heat is protected by the high thermal conductive insulating resin 32 lower than the insulating resin, the heat of the coil portion 14 is transmitted to the core segment 11 and the heat dissipation is high, and the edge portion 15 is protected by the hard insulating resin having high hardness. In addition, the stator does not damage the coil portion at the stator edge portion without breaking the insulator due to tension at the time of winding.

The hard insulating resin of the insulator has a tensile strength of 165 MPa and a thermal conductivity of 0.3 W / mK.
Is formed of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), and the high thermal conductive insulating resin 32 has a tensile strength of 3.7 MP.
a, It is formed of a silicone rubber sheet having a thermal conductivity of 5 W / mK. The insulator may be formed of a material other than PPS as the hard insulating resin, but a material having a tensile strength of 40 MPa or more is suitable. In experiments, 40MP
When a coil is wound around a hard insulating resin of a or less by a winding machine that applies a force of 50 N, the insulating resin is exposed due to the tension at the time of winding. Therefore, the strength of the hard insulating resin is 40 M
Pa or more is required. Also, the high thermal conductive insulating resin 32
May be a resin containing aluminum oxide, which is an electrical insulator having good heat conductivity.

The ring supporting portion 3 is not limited to a ring shape, and may be a frame of any shape as long as it can reinforce the stator components connected in a ring shape from the outer periphery. Also, if the frame outside the motor is air-cooled or liquid-cooled without directly cooling the inside of the motor,
The heat generation of the motor can be efficiently radiated with a simple structure with little increase in weight, and the rated output can be improved. A concentrated winding stator is provided.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a stator constituting member 41 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Note that the same parts described in the first embodiment use the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

The insulator 42 covering the core segment 11 has a hole. The shape of the hole is similar to that of the first embodiment, but differs in that the shape of the hole in the axial direction of the motor has a step as shown in FIG. As described above, the shape of the hole has a step, and the high heat conductive insulating resin 4 having a step almost similar to the shape of the hole.
By using the heat conductive resin 3, the core segment 11
And the insulator 42 as well as the winding. With such a configuration, the heat conductive resin can be firmly supported on the core segment 11. If this step is not present and the hole is larger than the winding, even if the high thermal conductive insulating resin 43 tries to adhere to the core segment due to the tension of the winding, it will escape to the outside from where there is no winding, and it may not be able to adhere well There is. In addition, since the area of the high heat conductive insulating resin on the core segment side is larger than that on the coil section side, heat generated in the coil section is easily absorbed on the core segment 11 side, and the efficiency of heat conduction is improved.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a stator constituting member 51 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In Example 1,
The same parts described in 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1, and the description is omitted.

The insulator 42 covering the core segment 11 has a hole. The shape of this hole is the same as the hole of the first embodiment. In this hole, a high heat conductive insulating resin 52 and a high heat conductor 53 (the high heat conductor 53 is made of a hard insulating resin of the insulator portion 42) Thermal conductivity is good, and electrical insulation is not required, so it is possible to use metal etc.). A high heat conductor typified by a metal such as an electromagnetic steel plate is provided in a portion of the hole of the insulator portion 42 in contact with the core segment 11, and a high heat having electrical insulation is provided between the high heat conductor 53 and the coil. By using the conductive insulating resin 52, the high thermal conductive insulating resin 52 is pressed against the high thermal conductor 53 by a winding. With such a configuration, the high thermal conductive insulating resin 52 is
Can be strongly supported.

By arranging a metal having a higher thermal conductivity by at least one order of magnitude with respect to the resin in order to further enhance the heat conduction as compared with the embodiment 2, the heat radiation efficiency is further improved. In particular, it is effective when the thickness of the insulator is as thick as 2 mm or more.

The high thermal conductor 53 is preferably made of a non-magnetic metal such as aluminum, copper, austenitic stainless steel or the like, and has a high electric resistance, or is preferably formed by laminating electrically insulated thin plates such as electromagnetic steel plates. . In an integrated metal having a large cross-sectional area, an eddy current may be generated by the current flowing through the winding, which may generate heat instead. Further, by insert-molding the high thermal conductor 53 into the insulator, the number of parts can be reduced and the assemblability can be improved. Furthermore, by integrally molding the high thermal conductive insulating resin 52, the number of parts can be reduced and the assembling property can be improved. Needless to say, this is effective for the first to third embodiments.

The core segment 11 and the high thermal conductor 5
In order to increase the density of 3, the heat conductive resin, which is a liquid rubber in the form of a pace, is preferably applied to the core segment 11, and the heat conductive resin is interposed between the core segment 11 and the high heat conductor 53. Further, a heat conductive resin may be interposed between the high heat conductive insulating resin 52 and the core segment 11.

Fourth Embodiment FIG. 8 is a plan view of a stator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Note that the same parts described in the first embodiment use the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

After the stator components 2 are combined in a ring shape, the stator 61 is reinforced by being covered with a motor frame 63 from the outside. At this time, a heat conductive resin 62 (preferably insulating, but may be electrically conductive) is interposed between the motor frame 63 and the stator component 2. The heat conductive resin 62 is a grease-like rubber that is effective at room temperature. After connecting the stator component 2 in a ring shape, the heat conductive resin 62 is applied to the outer peripheral side surface of the stator component 2 and the motor frame 3 is fitted thereto. As described above, by interposing the heat conductive resin 62 between the stator constituent member 2 and the motor frame 63, the heat of the stator constituent member 2 is easily transmitted to the motor frame 63, and the heat radiation of the stator is performed. Is excellent. The motor frame 63 is provided with a circulation passage 65 through which a cooling liquid and a cooling gas flow. If the frame outside the motor is air-cooled or liquid-cooled without directly cooling the inside of the motor,
The heat generation of the motor can be efficiently radiated with a simple structure with little increase in weight, and the rated output can be improved. A concentrated winding stator is provided.

Further, the stator component 2 of the fourth embodiment is
As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the slot portion laminated surface 63 of the core segment 11 is covered with a heat conductive insulating sheet 64. The heat conductive insulating sheet 64 is formed on the core segment 11.
Of the insulator portion 1
When 2 is put on core segment 11, core segment 1
A heat conductive sheet is interposed between 1 and the guide section 66 of the insulator section 12. Then, a coil is wound from above the insulator 12 to form the coil 14. The coil portion 14 is in contact with the core segment via the high heat conductive insulating resin 32 and the heat conductive insulating sheet 64, and the heat generated by the coil portion 14
Easy to reach.

Further, the structure of this embodiment is such that the heat conductive resin 62 is also provided between the core segment 11 and the motor frame 63.
Intervening. Therefore, heat generated in the coil portion 14 easily flows to the core segment 11 and heat of the core segment 11 also easily flows to the motor frame 63.
The heat generated in the coil portion 14 easily flows to the motor frame 63, and the heat radiation of the stator is excellent. In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, a concave portion 66 is provided at the outer peripheral end of the core segment 65,
When the heat conductive resin 62 is applied to the outer peripheral side surface of the core segment, the heat conductive resin easily adheres to the outer periphery of the core segment. Further, when the core segment is formed by alternately laminating about ten layers of electromagnetic steel sheets 67 and 68 as shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, the outer peripheral side surface of the core segment is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the shape having discontinuous grooves in the laminating direction makes it easy to apply the heat conductive resin, and the frame is pressed or shrink-fitted around the stator core and inserted when inserted. Prevents the particles from rubbing off, stays at least in the grooves, and contributes to improving the thermal conductivity.

[0039]

According to the present invention, since the core segment and the coil portion are interposed between the core segment and the coil portion by the high thermal conductive insulating resin,
The heat of the coil part is easily transmitted to the core segment, and by cooling the outer periphery of the motor, the windings inside the motor can be efficiently cooled, the continuous rated output can be improved, and the life is not reduced by heat generation, and the life is long. High efficiency motor can be realized. It is needless to say that the present invention is effective not only for the electric motor but also for the generator of the concentrated winding type.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a stator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing the stator constituent members.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the core segment.

FIG. 4 is a view showing the insulator.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the stator component.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a stator component according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a stator constituent member according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a stator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the stator component.

FIG. 10 is a view of the stator constituent member as viewed from a teeth portion side.

FIG. 11 is a diagram in which a heat conductive resin sheet is arranged in the teeth portion.

FIG. 12 shows an example of a core segment.

FIGS. 13A and 13B are diagrams showing an example of an electromagnetic steel sheet constituting a core segment.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of an outer peripheral side surface of a core segment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Stator 2 Stator constituent member 11 Core segment 12 Insulator part 14 Coil part 32 High thermal conductive insulating resin

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A core segment formed by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets, an insulator having electrical insulation covering the core segment, and a coil portion having a tooth wound on the teeth of the core segment via the insulator. An electric motor including a stator in which stator constituent members are combined in an annular shape, wherein at least a part of the insulator that is in contact with the coil portion is a high heat conductive insulating resin and facilitates transmission of heat of the coil portion to the core segment. An electric motor characterized in that: 2. A core segment formed by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel sheets, an insulator having an electrical insulation covering the core segment, and a coil having a tooth wound on the teeth of the core segment via the insulator. An electric motor including a stator in which stator constituent members are combined in an annular shape, wherein at least a part of the insulator in contact with the coil portion is a high heat conductive insulating resin. 2. The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein a high thermal conductor having a higher thermal conductivity than the high thermal conductive insulating resin is interposed therebetween. 3. The electric motor according to claim 2, wherein the high thermal conductor is a metal having a high thermal conductivity. 4. An insulator includes a high thermal conductive insulating resin, and an insulator main body having a hole for disposing the high thermal conductive insulating resin, wherein the high thermal conductive resin main body has a higher thermal conductivity than the insulator main body. The electric motor according to claim 1 or 2, which is high. 5. The electric motor according to claim 4, wherein at least a part of the high thermal conductive insulating resin is exposed outside the insulator, and the high thermal conductive insulating resin body is sandwiched between the insulator body and the core segment. 6. The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the insulator has at least an edge portion of the teeth portion formed of a hard insulating resin having higher strength than a high heat conductive insulating resin. 7. The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the laminated surface of the slot portion of the core segment is covered with a highly heat conductive insulating sheet. 8. The electric motor according to claim 7, wherein the high thermal conductive insulating sheet has elasticity. 9. The high thermal conductive insulating sheet comprises a rubbery high thermal conductive layer having high elasticity and a support layer having high strength, and the rubbery high thermal conductive layer is located on the coil portion side. An electric motor as described. 10. The electric motor according to claim 7, wherein the high thermal conductive insulating sheet is sandwiched between the core segment and the guide portion of the insulator. 11. An electric motor comprising a stator comprising annularly combined stator components and a frame portion covering the stator, wherein at least a portion between the stator and the frame portion has high heat. 8. A conductive insulating resin interposed therebetween.
An electric motor as described. 12. The insulator has a tensile strength of 40M.
The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the electric motor is formed of a hard insulating resin having a pressure of Pa or more. 13. The thermal conductivity of the high thermal conductive insulating resin is 1 W
The electric motor according to claim 1, which is not less than / mK.