JP2001123401A - Cross tie for melting snow - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cross tie for melting snow abundant in endurance and reliability without directly bearing the load of a train and allowing a snow melting action in a wide range around railroad rails. SOLUTION: Heating wire burying lugs 14, 14 are continuously and integrally stretched from both side face sections of a PC(prestressed concrete) cross tie body 10, heating wires 15, 15 and current-carrying sockets 18, 18 are integrally buried into the lugs 18, 18, and they are electrically connected for use to the main trunk line 36 of a power supply via insertion plugs 23, 23 capable of being inserted into the sockets 18, 18 from the outside and cabtire cables 24, 24.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a snow sleeper.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a sleeper for snow melting on railway rails, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 8-144201 has been proposed, and this is considered to be a known technique most similar to the present invention.

[0003]

However, the sleeper body (1) of the sleeper (C) for snow melting according to the known invention is made of a thermosetting resin foam reinforced with long glass fibers, and particularly the upper sleeper. (12) and the lower sleeper (11) are bonded in a simple surface contact state, so a special design from a material that has not been used as such a sleeper, or a strength test to withstand the repeated load of the train It is necessary to perform such operations, and the mass production effect and reliability of such a large amount of sleepers cannot be exhibited.

In addition, the electric heating element (2) is connected to the lower sleeper (1).
In the state inserted into the groove (15) of 1), the upper sleeper (12) covers the upper sleeper (12) from above, and is located at the bonding interface between the upper sleeper (12) and the lower sleeper (11). At the same time, the load of the train acts as a vibration pulsating up and down, so to speak, so that the durability of the electric heating element (2) and Reliability tends to decrease early.

[0005] Even if a twisted thread composed of a metal fiber and an organic fiber having a higher specific electric conductivity than that of the temporary nichrome wire is used as the electric heating element (2), it is possible to use an upper sleeper (12) and a lower sleeper. (11) is sandwiched between each other, so that the snow falling on the upper surface of the sleeper (C) can be melted by the heat generated from the surface of the sleeper (C). It is difficult to melt snow as widely as possible around the crushed stones laid between adjacent hills and on both sides of the rails.

Further, a plug (6) used for connection to a power source
However, it protrudes separately and independently from the sleeper body (1), and is extended from the front end of the sleeper to the power supply, so it is not necessary to use it. There is also a risk of damage.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems. In view of the construction as a snow melting sleeper useful for that purpose, first, a heating wire is provided from both side surfaces of a PC concrete sleeper body. The ear pieces for embedding are extended continuously and integrally, and the heating wire and the socket for energizing it are embedded and integrated into the inside of each ear piece, and an insertion plug and cab tire cable that can be inserted and removed from the outside to each socket are inserted. Via the mains of the power supply to be electrically connected and used,

[0008] Second, the heating wire embedding ear pieces are extended from both side surfaces of the PC concrete sleeper body, and the lead wire embedding nose pieces are also integrally extended from one of the wood lip surfaces of the sleeper body. A heating wire is embedded inside each ear piece, and a lead wire of the heating wire and a socket for energizing these are embedded and integrated inside the nose piece, and an insertion plug and a cab that can be inserted into and removed from the socket from the outside. The present invention is characterized in that it is set so as to be electrically connected to a main line of a power supply through a tire cable.

[0009]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a snow sleeper according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. PC
(Prestressed) Crosspiece body of constant length (L) molded from concrete into a roughly trapezoidal cross section, (11) is a plurality of PC steel rods buried inside, (12) and (12) are symmetrical pairs The rail receiving seat surfaces are arranged side by side, and the rail rails (13) and (13) are fixedly installed thereon.

(14) (14) is the sleeper body (10)
As the same length (L) as the sleeper body (10)
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, a pair of symmetrical heating wire embedding lugs are formed by continuously and integrally extending a predetermined width (W) in the lateral direction from both side surfaces of the rail.
3) (13) In order not to directly bear the load of the train running on (13), the top surface of each of the rail receiving seat surfaces (12) and (12) of the sleeper body (10) has a certain depth (D). Only) is sinking low.

Then, each heating wire embedding ear piece (14)
Heating wires (15) and (15) for snow melting inside (14),
It is embedded and integrated in a meandering shape as viewed in side view as shown in FIG. 2 that makes at least one reciprocation along its longitudinal direction, an elongated U-shaped shape as viewed in side view as in FIG. 3, and other bent wiring forms. Both ends of the heating wires (15) and (15) are in a state of being directed correspondingly to one of the front end portions of the sleeper body (10).

Although it is possible to use a nichrome wire or a carbon wire as the heating wires (15) and (15), in particular, a metal fiber having a higher specific electrical conductivity than the nichrome wire and an aramid fiber are twisted. It is preferable to use a twisted yarn (for example, trade name “Softelek” manufactured by Teijin Limited).

According to this, since the specific electric conductivity of the metal fiber is larger than that of the nichrome wire, when the wires having the same electric resistance are compared, the metal fiber is much thinner, and the extremely thin metal fiber and the aramid wire are compared. Since it is a twisted yarn twisted from a fiber, it becomes thicker like a string as a whole, and the heat generation area increases.

As for the heating area, a comparison between the above-mentioned "Softelec" and a nichrome wire (first type) shows that the diameter of the nichrome wire having a resistance of 0.81 Ω / cm is 0.13 Ω / cm.
mm, the surface area is 4.08 cm ² / m ² , whereas “Softelek” has almost the same resistance of 0.83 Ω / cm.
(2000de) has a diameter of 0.54mm and a surface area of 16.9.
6 cm ² / m ^2, which is about 4.15 times the heat generation area.

The Nichrome wire having a resistance of 0.13 Ω / cm has a diameter of 0.32 mm and a surface area of 10.05 cm ² / m, but has the same resistance of 0.13 Ω / cm. The diameter of Softelek (12000de) is 1.48m
m, the surface area is 46.47 cm ² / m ² , about 4.62
Heat generation area is doubled, and high heat efficiency can be exhibited.

Further, since the above-mentioned special heating wire is a twisted yarn twisted from extremely thin metal fiber and high-strength aramid fiber, the heating wire has sufficient flexibility and bending abrasion so that the sewing machine can be sewn, and as a result, it is easy to construct. In the state of use for sleepers for snow melting (P), disconnection due to train vibration,
It can be heated to about 300 ° C. without being adversely affected by the alkali, heat or moisture of concrete.

In any case, the special heating wire made of the above-mentioned twisted yarn is used as a conductor (15a) so as to prevent the occurrence of electric leakage and short-circuiting by using a flexible insulating material such as heat-resistant vinyl chloride as shown in FIG. By the membranes (15b) and (15c)
It is used with superimposed coating protection.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show each heating wire (15) (1) directed corresponding to one of the cut ends of the sleeper body (10).
Both ends of the separation of 5) are extracted and expanded, and as suggested from both figures, both ends of the heating wires (15) and (15) are extended through waterproof joints (16) and (16). The lead wires (17) and (17) are in a converging state.

As apparent from FIGS. 8 and 9, the converged lead wires (17) and (17) are used to energize the heating wires (15) and (15) so as to surround them. Sockets (18) (18) made of hard synthetic resin are attached and integrated at the same time as the molding. (19) (19)
Are connection terminals of the lead wires (17) and (17) projecting as male type into the plug receiving recesses (20) and (20) provided in the sockets (18) and (18).

That is, the lead wires (17) and (17)
The heating wires for snow melting (15) and (15), which are integrally attached with sockets (18) and (18), are connected to ear pieces (14) and (14) for embedding the heating wires in a sleeper molding form (not shown). A concrete sleeper body (10) inserted and set in a bent wiring form at the corresponding position and cast into its formwork
To the ear pieces (14) and (14) of the heating wire (15)
(15) and the sockets (18) and (18) for supplying electricity thereto are embedded and fixed as shown in FIGS.

The buried integrated socket (18)
(18) is open from one of the cut ends of the ear pieces (14) and (14), and the female screw (2) is provided at the opening edge of the plug receiving recesses (20) and (20).
1) (21) is engraved. Reference numerals (22) and (22) denote waterproof packing receiving step surfaces provided in the middle of the inner peripheral surface of the plug receiving recesses (20) and (20).

(23) and (23) correspond to the socket (1).
8) Plugs made of hard synthetic resin which make a pair of male and female with (18), and these are cabtire cables separate from the heating wires (15), (15) as apparent from FIGS. (24) It is also integrated with one end of (24) at the same time as its molding, and surrounds the lead wires (25) (25) of the cabtire cables (24) (24). (26) (26) is the plug (23)
(23) A pressing step surface for waterproof packing provided in a middle part of the outer peripheral surface in (23), wherein the socket (18) (1)
8) The side face of the waterproof packing receiving step (22) (2)
Corresponds to 2).

Reference numerals (27) and (27) denote connection terminals which are recessed as female types in the lead wires (25) and (25) of the cabtire cables (24) and (24), respectively, and the cabtire cables (24) and (24). Side plug (23) (2
3) is a socket (1) on the heating wire (15) (15) side.
8) When inserted into (18), the heating wire (1)
5) Engage correctly with the male connection terminals (19) (19) protruding from the lead wires (17) (17) of (15) and energize. (28) (28) is the socket (18) (1)
8) When the plugs (23) and (23) are inserted into the sockets (18) and (18), the plug receiving recesses (20) and (20) of the sockets (18) and (18) and the plugs (23) and (2).
3) is an elastic packing that keeps a waterproof state between them.

Reference numerals (29) and (29) denote hollow square bolts passed through the cabtire cables (24) and (24), and external threads (30) formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion thereof.
(30) is screwed and fastened to the female screws (21) (21) on the sockets (18) and (18) side, thereby pressing the insertion plugs (23) and (23) in a retaining state.

Reference numerals (31) and (31) denote lock nuts for preventing the bolts from being loosened, which are also passed through the cabtire cables (24) and (24).
The square bolts (29) (29) are fixedly maintained by being screwed into the male screws (30) (30) of 9).
(32) and (32) are the above plugs (23) and (23)
And a washer inserted between the retaining bolts (29) and (29).

Further, (33) and (33) are interchangeable with the plugs (23) and (23).
8) A blind plug used to be inserted into the plug receiving recesses (20) and (20), made of a synthetic resin such as styrofoam, and the socket (18) in the off season.
It is used as shown in FIG. 10 to cover (18).

(34) (34) is the blind plug (33) (3)
3) The cap bolt for retaining, which is a plug receiving recess (20) in the socket (18) (18).
The female nuts (21) and (21) of (20) are screwed and fastened, and are also fixed and maintained by the lock nuts (31) and (31). (35) and (35) are locking notches for the rotation operation tool of the cap bolts (34) and (34).

The cabtire cable (24)
The other end of (24) is, as shown in FIG.
6) to be electrically connected and used. (37)
(37) is the cabtire cable (24) (24)
5 shows a detachable waterproof connector inserted and installed as needed in the middle of the figure.

FIGS. 12 to 18 show a second embodiment of the snow sleeper (P) according to the present invention.
From both sides of the concrete sleeper body (10),
Heating wire embedding lug (14) as in the first embodiment.
In addition to overhanging the pair of (14), the heating wire (1) extends from one edge of the sleeper body (10).
5) The lead wire embedding nose pieces (38) for embedding the lead wires (17) and (17) of (15) are also continuously and integrally formed by a predetermined length (Y).

The top surface of the nose piece (38) for embedding the lead wire is also provided on the rail receiving seat surface (12) of the sleeper body (10).
It is desirable to set so that the load of the train is not directly received by sinking down by a certain depth (D) from (12).

The heating wires (15) and (15) and the lead wires (17) and (17) having both ends separated from each other are bundled together with the heating wire embedding ear pieces (14) and (1) as in the first embodiment.
The lead wires (17) and (17) are continuously conducted from the ear pieces (14) and (14) to the inside of the lead wire embedding nose piece (38).
It is in a wiring state gathered at one location substantially at the center.

The lead wire (17) (17) has a single energizing socket (1)
8) is also adhered and integrated simultaneously with molding from the synthetic resin. That is, in the second embodiment, the heating wires (15) and (15) are inside the ear pieces (14) and (14) projecting from the sleeper body (10), and the heating wire (15) is also inside the nose piece (38). ) (15) lead wire (17) (17)
And one socket (18) for supplying electricity to these are embedded and integrated, respectively.

In that case, one of the above-mentioned energizing sockets (1
8) is molded from a hard synthetic resin into a three-pronged shape, and its plug receiving recess (20) is located at one of the mouths of the nose piece (38) as shown in FIGS.
The nose piece (38) such as 6, 17 is open from the top surface.

In the second embodiment, each heating wire (15)
Since there is one socket (18) for supplying electricity to (15), the plug (23) and the cabtire cable (2)
It goes without saying that 4) and the like are electrically connected to the main line (36) of the power supply as shown in FIG.

The sleeper (P) for snow melting according to the present invention comprises
In any of the embodiments, the cabtyre cables (24) and (24) are used to connect to the main power line (36) as shown in FIGS. 11 and 18 during the snowfall season. The ear piece projecting from the sleeper body (10) through the cabtire cables (24) (24), the plugs (23) (23) and the sockets (18) (18) from the main trunk line (36) by the ON operation. (14) (1
Power is supplied to the heating wires (15) and (15) in 4).

In this case, since the sleeper body (10) and the ear pieces (14) (14) are concrete products having a high heat insulation property, the heat generation action from the heating wires (15) (15) causes the sleeper (P) to generate heat. ) Itself, as well as the surrounding area, including the crushed stones that are laid between its neighbors, can spread widely, and can reliably melt snowfall, hindering train travel due to snowfall. Does not occur.

In this case, the heating wires (15) and (15) are not buried in the sleeper body (10) directly receiving the load of the train, and are continuous from the sleeper body (10) by a constant width (W). It is buried in a pair of ear pieces (14) and (14) in a bent wiring form, so that it is not adversely affected by disconnection due to repeated vibration of the train, and it is effective around the sleeper (P). Snow melting can be achieved.

In particular, if the heating wires (15) and (15) are made of a twisted yarn twisted from a metal fiber and an aramid fiber having a higher specific electric conductivity than that of the nichrome wire, the surface temperature is increased by the large heat generation area. Lowering
The same amount of heat can be generated, and there is an advantage that a high-efficiency snow-melting effect can be exerted by heating to about 300 ° C. for regular use.

Also, the special heating wires (15) and (15) are excellent in flexibility and bending wear and are not affected by the alkali, heat, moisture, etc. of the concrete.
In particular, the earpieces (14) (14) and the nose piece (38) of the sleeper body (10) can be easily supplied with electric heating wires (15) and (15). The synthetic resin sockets (18) and (18) are embedded and integrated, while the cabtire cable (24)
Since the synthetic resin insertion plugs (23) and (23) that can be inserted into and removed from the sockets (18) and (18) are integrally attached to the socket (24), the connection work for energization is a so-called one-touch operation. The cabtire cables (24) and (24) can be conveniently dismantled by pulling out the plugs (23) and (23) from the sockets (18) and (18) during the off-season. Can be.

During the off-season, a plug (33) is inserted into the socket (18) (18) as shown in FIGS. The heating wire (15) (15)
Can be safely protected, and the sleepers (P) and the periphery of the railroad rails (13), (13) can be kept in a state where there is no obstacle in running the train.

[0041]

As described above, in the snow sleeper (P) of the present invention, the heating wire embedding ear pieces (14) (14) are continuously and integrally stretched from both side surfaces of the PC concrete sleeper body (10). Put out, and each ear piece (14) (14)
The heating wires (15) and (15) and the current-carrying sockets (18) and (18) are buried and integrated into the inside, and the insertion plug (23) that can be inserted into and removed from the sockets (18) and (18) from the outside. (23) and cabtire cable (24)
Since it is specified that the power supply is electrically connected to the main power supply line (36) via (24), the problem of the prior art described at the beginning can be completely improved.

That is, according to the above configuration of the present invention, the heating wire embedding ear pieces (14) and (14) are continuously integrated from both side surfaces of the PC concrete sleeper body (10) without any adhesive interface. Since the heating wires (15) and (15) are embedded and integrated in the ear pieces (14) and (14), they do not directly receive the train load,
In addition to improving the durability and reliability of the heating wires (15) and (15), the sleeper body (10) directly receiving the load of the train can be specially designed or subjected to a strength test. There is no need to repeat.

In addition, not only the heating wires (15) and (15) but also the sockets (18) and (18) for energizing the ear pieces (14) and (14) extending from the sleeper body (10) are embedded. Integrated, its sockets (18) (18)
Plug (23) (2
3) and the cabtire cables (24) and (24), and are electrically connected to the main trunk line (36) of the power supply.
4) By inserting the plugs (23) and (23) into the sockets (18) and (18) embedded in (14), the so-called one-touch operation can be performed conveniently. (2
4) (24) can be quickly dismantled, and the sleeper (P) and the periphery of the railroad rails (13) and (13) can be maintained in an unobstructed and safe state.

These effects can be achieved in exactly the same manner by adopting the structure of claim 3. In that case, as in claim 2 or claim 4, the ear pieces (14) (14)
If the top surface of the nose piece (38) is lowered below the rail seating surfaces (12, 12) of the sleeper body (10), the heating wire (15) ( 1
5) and its lead wires (17) and (17) can be kept more and more secure, which contributes to the improvement of its durability and reliability.

Further, the heating wires (15) and (15) are inserted into the inside of the ear pieces (14) and (14), and the both ends of the heating wires (15) and (15) are bent so as to correspond to one of the cut ends of the sleeper body (10). After being buried and integrated in a wiring form, the electric heating sockets (1) made of synthetic resin are connected to the lead wires (17) (17) for separating both ends of the heating wires (15) (15).
8) (18) is attached and integrated, or the lead wires (17) and (17) are once connected to the inside of the nose piece (38) by conducting wiring in a single state, and the lead wire (17) )
If one energizing socket (18) is attached to and integrated with the gathering portion of (17), the socket (18) (18)
Is buried in the ear pieces (14) and (14) and the nose piece (38) made of PC concrete, and it is possible to obtain an extremely stable and secure wiring state in energization. Is further increased by adopting the structure of claim 6.

In particular, if the structure of claim 5 is adopted,
Due to the excellent flexibility and flex wear of the special heating wires (15) and (15), they can be easily embedded in the inside of the lugs (14) and (14) in a tightly bent wiring form. In addition to the extremely large heat generating area and the excellent heat retaining property of the concrete, the widespread snow melting action on the sleeper (P) itself and its surroundings can be efficiently exhibited.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a snow tie of a first embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view corresponding to FIG. 2, showing another bent wiring form of the heating wire.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 4-4 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a preferred heating wire.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged side sectional view showing a part of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a sectional plan view of FIG. 6;

8 is a sectional plan view showing a part of FIG. 7 in an enlarged manner.

9 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing the disassembled state of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional plan view corresponding to FIG. 8, showing a plugged state in an off-season.

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a use state in which a main power line of a power supply is connected and wired.

FIG. 12 is a side sectional view corresponding to FIG. 6, showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional plan view of FIG.

14 is a sectional plan view showing a part of FIG. 13 in an enlarged manner.

FIG. 15 is a sectional plan view corresponding to FIG. 14 and showing a plugged state in an off-season.

FIG. 16 is a side sectional view corresponding to FIG. 12, showing another buried orientation state of the current-carrying socket.

FIG. 17 is a plan view of FIG. 16;

FIG. 18 is a plan view corresponding to FIG. 11 and illustrating a wiring use state of the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (10), sleeper body (11), PC steel bar (12), rail seating surface (13), railway rail (14), ear strips (15), heating wire (15a), conductor (16), waterproof joint (17) ・ Lead wire (18) ・ Current socket (19) ・ Connection terminal (20) ・ Plug receiving recess (21) ・ Male screw (22) ・ Receiving step (23) ・ Plug-in plug (24) ・Cab tire cable (25), lead gland (26), pressing step surface (27), connection terminal (28), elastic packing (29), square bolt (30), male screw (31), lock nut (32). Washer (33), blind plug (34), cap bolt (35) locking notch (36), main trunk (37), waterproof connector (38), nose piece

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. The heating wire embedding ear pieces (14) (14) are continuously and integrally extended from both side surfaces of a PC concrete sleeper body (10), and the inside of each ear piece (14) (14). Heating wire (15)
(15) and the power supply sockets (18) and (18) are buried and integrated therewith, and the plugs (23) and (23) that can be inserted into and removed from the sockets (18) and (18) from the outside and the cabtire cable ( 24) Main power supply line (36) through (24)
A sleeper for snow melting, characterized in that it is electrically connected to the sleeper. 2. The top surfaces of the heating wire embedding ear pieces (14) projecting from both side surfaces of the sleeper body (10), and the rail receiving seat surfaces (12) (12) of the sleeper body (10). )
Lower than the heating wire (15) (1) into the inside of each ear piece (14) (14).
5) is buried and integrated into a bent wiring form in which both ends of the disconnection are directed to one of the cut ends of the sleeper body (10), and the two ends of the heating wires (15) and (15) are connected together. The sleeper according to claim 1, characterized in that current-carrying sockets (18) (18) made of synthetic resin are integrally attached to the lead wires (17) (17) to be converged simultaneously with the molding thereof. 3. Earpieces for embedding heating wires from both side surfaces of a PC concrete sleeper body (10).
Similarly, the nose pieces (38) for embedding lead wires are continuously and integrally protruded from one edge of the sleeper body (10), and the heating wires (14) and (14) are provided inside the respective ear pieces (14) and (14). 15)
The lead wires (17) and (17) of the heating wires (15) and (15) and the sockets (18) for energizing these are embedded and integrated into the nose piece (38). A snowmelt characterized in that it is electrically connected to a main power supply line (36) through a plug (23) and a cabtire cable (24) that can be inserted into and removed from the socket (18) from the outside. Sleepers. 4. A top surface of heating wire embedding ear pieces (14) protruding from both side surfaces of the sleeper body (10), and a lead wire embedding nose piece (38) also protruding from one of the wood entrance surfaces. ) Are depressed lower than the rail receiving seat surfaces (12) (12) of the sleeper body (10), and the heating wires (15) (15) ( 1
5) is buried and integrated into a bent wiring form in which both ends of the disconnection correspond to the nose piece (38), and a lead wire for converging both ends of the heating wires (15) and (15). (17) Conducting (17) to the inside of the nose piece (38) in a collective state at one place, the lead wire (1)
7. The sleeper according to claim 3, wherein a current-carrying socket made of synthetic resin is attached to and integrated with the gathering portion of (17) simultaneously with its molding. 5. The conductor (15) of each heating wire (15) (15).
As a), a twisted yarn twisted from a metal fiber and an aramid fiber having a higher specific electrical conductivity than a nichrome wire is used, and the conductor (15a) is made of a flexible insulating film (15b) (eg, heat-resistant vinyl chloride). The sleeper according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the sleeper is covered and protected by 15c). 6. A plug (23) (23) made of a synthetic resin which can be inserted into and removed from the current-carrying sockets (18) (18).
To the cabtire cables (24) and (24) used for connection with the main trunk line (36) of the power source, and at the same time as the molding, their attachment and integration are performed, and the insertion plugs (23) and (23) are connected to the socket ( 18) (18) is inserted in a waterproof state, and is fixed in a retaining state by hollow square bolts (29) (29) detachably screwed to the sockets (18) (18). The sleeper for snow melting according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: