JP2001101282A - System for managing river - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To correctly predict water quality change or water amount change in a river in spite of the change in the water level or amount, etc., of the river to be managed by automatically constructing a river structure model, minimizing time and labor required for generating the model and also automatically updating the river structure model in accordance with the water quality change or water amount change, etc., in the river. SOLUTION: The river structure model is constructed in a structure model constructing device 3 based on a river width 'W', the water amount 'Q' or the water level 'H', etc., which is obtained by a measuring instrument 2. Flow cross-sectional shape data and flow tubular shape data are generated and a simulation is executed in a simulating device 4 based on the both kinds of data and on the water amount 'Q' and water quality 'C' obtained by the measuring instrument 2. Then the water quality distribution of the river is calculated after a prescribed time with a present time point as reference and displayed in a state display device 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a river management system for managing water quality of a river to be managed, and more particularly to a river structure model based on data obtained by measuring a river width, a water depth, a water volume, and the like. When the water quality on the upstream side of the river deteriorates,
A river management system that accurately predicts how much worse it will be.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Large rivers not only serve as sources of water for drinking water and industrial water, but also improve the surrounding recreational landscape and become a lifeline for countless living organisms bred by river water. Therefore, for such rivers, river management systems that mainly use chemical analysis, river management systems that use riverbed cross-sectional shape data, and river management systems that use learning models such as multiple regression models and neural circuits In many cases, a river management system using a matrix or the like is provided to manage the amount and quality of river water.

[0003] In this case, in a river management system mainly for measuring water quality, measuring instruments for analyzing the chemical composition of river water, aquatic organisms, etc. are arranged for each part of the river, and signals output from these measuring instruments are arranged. The water quality condition of each part of the river is directly determined based on the temporal fluctuation of the river, and the water quality of the river is managed based on the determination result.

In a river management system using riverbed cross-sectional shape data, a riverbed cross-sectional shape data is created based on the observation result obtained by observing the flow rate of the river, and the water quality of the river is determined. At the time of the determination, the water quality of each part of the river is managed by simulating a change in the water quality due to the flow down using the water quality data output from the water quality measuring device arranged in each part of the river and the riverbed cross-sectional shape data of the river.

In a river management system using a learning model such as a multiple regression model or a neural circuit, an observation result obtained by observing a river flow rate is used, and a learning model such as a multiple regression model or a neural circuit is used. In the form of the above, a river structure model is created in advance, and a large number of historical data such as past river bed cross-sectional shapes and discharges are used to make use of prediction technology based on probability theory to convert the river bed cross-sectional shape data included in the river structural model. Using the water quality data output from the water quality measuring instruments arranged in each part of the river and the riverbed cross-sectional shape data of the river, the water quality change and the like accompanying the flow are simulated, and the water quality of each part of the river is managed.

In a river management system using a matrix, a flowing water portion of a river to be managed is divided into a number of grids in a three-dimensional format (or a one-dimensional format or a three-dimensional format). Defines mathematical models for hydraulic mechanics and water quality reactions.Based on water quality data and water volume data output from water quality measuring instruments, flow rate measuring instruments, etc. The numerical analysis technology is used to determine the water quality and quantity of each grid, and to manage the water quality and quantity of each part of the river.

[0007]

However, in such a river management system, since the river to be managed is vast, it is necessary to constantly monitor the water quality and perform maintenance management. While keeping it low,
The river water quality analysis algorithm itself must be simplified so that even inexperienced operators can perform setting and driving operations. Since water supply becomes impossible, it must be possible to analyze water quality in real time.However, there is a problem that conventional river management systems cannot meet such demands. Was.

That is, in a river management system mainly for water quality measurement, expensive measuring instruments such as a chemical component analyzer and an aquatic biological analyzer must be arranged at each location of the river.
Because the cost of the entire system is too high and the maintenance of these instruments requires a lot of effort,
There was a problem that it was difficult to install it in all large rivers.

[0009] In addition, the river management system creates the riverbed cross-sectional shape data of the river and manages the water quality, water quantity, etc. of the river. The problem is that building a structural model of a river requires a lot of time and effort, and it takes too much time and money to start managing the river. was there.

[0010] Furthermore, the river management system creates such a riverbed cross-sectional shape data and manages the water quality, amount of water, etc. of the river.
When the flow rate and water level of a river fluctuate, the actual river and the structural model of the river deviate from each other.Therefore, there is a problem that the simulation result using the structural model deviates from the water flow flowing through the actual river. there were.

For this reason, when the flow rate and water level of a river fluctuate, the structural model must be recreated in accordance with these fluctuations. However, rebuilding the structural model requires a lot of time and a lot of labor. There was a problem that it would.

A river management system that creates a structural model of a river using a learning model such as a multiple regression model or a neural circuit, and creates a structural model that takes into account the history of river flow fluctuations and water level fluctuations, Even if the flow rate and water level of the river fluctuate, the simulation results and the water flow flowing through the actual river can be kept from shifting, but the use of stochastic prediction technology with a large number of model constants requires When determining each of the model constants, not only can very complex and highly specialized people determine each model constant, but also the prediction results are not always practical, There is a problem that it is difficult to use as a general river management system.

In a river management system using a method such as a numerical analysis method such as a difference method or an element method, since the number of grids is approximately proportional to the accuracy of a simulation result, the accuracy of the simulation result is increased. In addition, it is desirable to increase the number of grids. However, when the number of grids is increased in this way, the time required for calculation increases exponentially, and a quick conclusion cannot be obtained.

Further, in this river management system, in order to obtain stable and accurate numerical analysis results, it is necessary to accurately set initial conditions and boundary conditions for analysis. Since the setting operation is difficult, there is a problem that only a person who is proficient in a method such as a numerical analysis method such as a difference method or an element method can make an accurate setting.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention can automatically create a structural model of a river, thereby minimizing the time and labor required for creating the structural model. In addition, the structural model of the river can be automatically updated according to the fluctuation of the water level and the water volume of the river. It is an object of the present invention to provide a river management system capable of accurately predicting a change in water quality, a change in the amount of water, and the like of a target river.

According to the present invention, the river width of a river to be managed can be accurately measured, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of creating and updating the structural model of the river. However, it is possible to automatically create a structural model of the river, which not only reduces the time and effort required to create the structural model to almost zero, but also responds to fluctuations in river water level, water volume, etc. Automatically update the structural model of the river, and accurately predict changes in water quality, water volume, etc. of the managed river even if the water level, water volume, etc. of the managed river fluctuate The purpose is to provide a river management system that can be used.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, based on the measurement result obtained by measuring the river, the river cross-sectional shape, the number of flow tubes, the flow tube flow rate, the flow tube water depth, the flow tube Pipe width etc. can be created and updated automatically, which not only reduces the time and effort required to create a structural model to almost zero, but also changes in river water level, water volume, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a river management system that can automatically optimize a structural model of a river and accurately predict a change in water quality and a quantity of water of the river being managed.

According to the fourth aspect, based on the measurement result obtained by measuring the river, the river cross-sectional shape data and the river cross-sectional position data necessary for simulating the flowing part of the river are automatically created and updated. This not only reduces the time and effort required to create a structural model to almost zero, but also automatically optimizes the river structural model according to river water level fluctuations, water volume fluctuations, etc. It is another object of the present invention to provide a river management system capable of accurately predicting a change in water quality, a change in the amount of water, and the like of a river to be managed.

According to the fifth aspect, the number of flow pipes and the flow rate of the flow pipes necessary for simulating the flowing water portion of the river can be optimized based on the measurement result obtained by measuring the river. Not only can the time and effort required to create a model be reduced to almost zero,
When the water level, water volume, etc. of a river fluctuates, the structural model of the river is automatically optimized according to the content of each of these fluctuations, and changes in the water quality, water volume, etc. of the river being managed can be accurately determined. The purpose is to provide a river management system that can be predicted.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the number of main pipes, the number of flow pipes, the number of flow pipes on the merging side, and It is possible to optimize the flow pipe flow rate, the number of flow pipes on the diverting side, and the flow pipe flow rate, which makes it necessary to create a structural model not only for the main stream part but also for rivers with confluent and divergent rivers Time and effort can be reduced to almost zero, and the structural model of the river is automatically optimized in response to fluctuations in the water level and water volume of the river. The purpose is to provide a river management system that can accurately predict changes.

According to a seventh aspect, based on the measurement result obtained by measuring the river, the cross-sectional flow distribution in the direction of the cross section of the river necessary for simulating the flowing portion of the river, the width of the flow pipe of each flow pipe, the flow pipe It is possible to optimize the water depth, flow pipe coefficient, etc., which not only reduces the time and effort required to create the structural model to almost zero, but also changes the river level, water volume, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a river management system capable of automatically optimizing a structural model of a river and accurately predicting a change in water quality, a change in water quantity, and the like of a river to be managed.

According to the present invention, based on the measurement result obtained by measuring the river, the cross-sectional flow distribution on the main flow side necessary for simulating the flowing portion of the river, the width of each flow tube,
Flow pipe depth, flow pipe coefficient, cross-sectional flow distribution on the merging side, flow pipe width of each flow pipe, flow pipe depth, flow pipe coefficient, cross-sectional flow distribution on the branch side,
It is possible to optimize the flow pipe width, flow pipe depth, and flow pipe coefficient of each flow pipe, making it possible to create a structural model not only for the main stream but also for rivers with confluence and divergent rivers. The required time and labor can be reduced to almost zero, and the structural model of the river is automatically optimized according to the fluctuation of the water level and the amount of water of the river, and the water quality of the river being managed is changed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a river management system capable of accurately predicting a change in water flow.

According to the ninth aspect, based on the measurement result obtained by measuring the river and the optimized river structure model,
For the flowing portion of the river, the hydraulic condition at a predetermined time after the current time, the water quality dispersion state in the horizontal direction, the water quality dispersion state in the vertical direction can be predicted, and the water quality at a predetermined point of the river, for example, the intake point can be determined. It is an object of the present invention to provide a river management system that can accurately predict the degree of influence on water quality at a water intake point and the time until the influence occurs when water quality deteriorates upstream of a river.

According to a tenth aspect, based on a measurement result obtained by measuring a river and an optimized river structure model, a water surface gradient, a transverse dispersion coefficient in a cross-sectional direction, and a downflow of a flowing water portion of the river are determined. The longitudinal dispersion coefficient in each direction, the flow velocity in each flow tube, the horizontal dispersion constant in the cross-sectional direction, and the longitudinal dispersion constant in the downstream direction can be obtained. It is possible to accurately determine the water quality at a predetermined point of the river after a predetermined time, for example, at the intake point, and when the water quality deteriorates upstream of the river, the influence on the water quality at the intake point, until the influence appears. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a river management system capable of accurately predicting time and the like.

According to the eleventh aspect, the water quality distribution after a predetermined time obtained by simulating the flowing water portion of the river can be presented to the operator in an easy-to-understand format, so that when the water quality deteriorates upstream of the river. It is an object of the present invention to provide a river management system capable of accurately grasping the degree of influence on water quality at a water intake point, the time until the influence occurs, and taking the most appropriate action.

[0026]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, according to the present invention, the present invention is arranged in various places of a river to be managed, and the water quality, quantity, level and width of the river are controlled. A measuring device that measures any of the above, a water volume output from the measuring device, a water level, and a structural model building device that builds a river structure model of the river based on one of the river width, and a structural model building device that is built with the structural model building device. A simulation device that calculates a water quality flow state of the water flowing through the river based on the river structure model and the water quality output from the measurement device, and a process of displaying or specifying the water quality flow state obtained by the simulation device. And an output device for performing any one of the processes for transmitting to the specified transmission destination.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the river management system according to the first aspect, the measuring device is attached to a predetermined portion of a river structure provided in the river as a mechanism for measuring a river width, and a water surface boundary of the river. A light receiving device that receives light from the side, a scanning driver that scans the light receiving device to switch a light receiving direction, and a light receiving result obtained by scanning the light receiving device with the scanning driving device, A boundary position calculation circuit for obtaining a water surface boundary, and a river width calculation circuit for obtaining a river width of the river based on a calculation result of the boundary position calculation circuit are provided.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the river management system according to any one of the first and second aspects, the structural model construction device is configured to traverse a river based on any of a water amount, a water level, and a river width output from the measurement device. Based on the surface cross-sectional shape data, a river cross-sectional shape record management unit that updates any of the river cross-sectional position data, and the river cross-sectional shape data and river cross-sectional position data obtained by the river cross-sectional shape record management unit, The number of flow pipes of the water flowing through the river, a river structure model defining unit for determining the flow pipe flow rate, and the number of the flow pipes defined by the river structure model defining unit, the flow rate of the flow pipe, the amount of water output from the measuring device And a flow line determining unit for obtaining the flow tube water depth and the flow tube width of each flow line based on one of the water level and the river width.

According to a fourth aspect, in the river management system according to the third aspect, the river cross-sectional shape record management unit includes:
River cross-sectional shape data of the river, a river cross-section record storage circuit that stores the river cross-sectional position data, and the amount of water output from the measuring device, water level, based on any of the river width,
A flow cross-sectional shape calculation circuit for obtaining a flow cross-sectional shape in the river horizontal direction, and the flow cross-sectional shape data obtained by the flow cross-sectional shape calculation circuit and the river cross-sectional shape data stored in the river cross-sectional record storage circuit. In comparison, when the difference between these flow cross-sectional shapes and river cross-sectional shape data exceeds a predetermined range, based on the flow cross-sectional shape, the river cross-sectional shape data stored in the river cross-sectional record storage circuit; A river cross-section shape record / update circuit for updating any of the river cross-section position data.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the river management system according to the third aspect, the river structure model defining section includes a river cross section shape data and a river cross section position data obtained by the river cross section shape recording management section. , Or the water level obtained by the measuring device, based on any of the river width, a flow tube number determination circuit that determines the number of flow tubes of the river structure model, and a river structure model obtained by this flow tube number determination circuit And a flow pipe flow determining circuit for obtaining a flow pipe flow rate of the river structure model based on the number of flow pipes and the amount of water obtained by the measuring device.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the river management system according to the fifth aspect, the number of flow pipes determining circuit includes river cross-sectional shape data obtained by the river cross-sectional shape record management unit;
Based on any of the river cross-section position data, or at least one of the water level and river width obtained by the measurement device,
A basic flow pipe number determination circuit for determining the number of flow pipes of a river that is the main part of the river structure model, and any one of river cross-sectional shape data and river cross-sectional position data obtained by the river cross-sectional shape record management unit, Or the water level obtained by the measuring device,
Based on one of the river widths, a merging pipe number determining circuit for calculating the number of merging pipes of a river merging at the merging point of the river structure model, and river cross-sectional shape data obtained by the river cross-sectional shape record management unit, Any one of the river cross-sectional position data, or the water level obtained by the measurement device, or any of the river widths, based on any one of the river structure models, a branch flow pipe number determination circuit that determines the number of flow pipes of the river that branches from the branch point of the river structure model; The flow pipe flow determining circuit, based on the number of flow pipes obtained by the number of flow pipe determining circuit and the amount of water obtained by the measuring device, the flow pipe of the river which is the main stream part of the river structure model A basic flow pipe flow rate determining circuit for determining a flow rate, and a flow rate of a river that merges with a confluence point of the river structure model based on the number of flow pipes obtained by the flow pipe number determining circuit and the amount of water obtained by the measuring device. Determining the pipe flow rate And determining a flow pipe flow rate of a river flowing from a branch point of the river structure model based on the flow pipe number obtained by the flow pipe number determination circuit and the water amount obtained by the measurement device. And a circuit.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the river management system according to the third aspect, the flow pipe determining unit outputs the number of flow pipes, the flow pipe flow rate obtained by the river structure model definition unit, and the output from the measuring device. A flow distribution calculation circuit that calculates the flow distribution in the river cross section direction based on any of the water volume, water level, and river width to be measured, and a flow pipe width and flow of each flow pipe based on the flow distribution obtained by the flow distribution calculation circuit. A flow pipe variable conversion circuit for obtaining a pipe water depth, and a flow pipe coefficient calculation circuit for obtaining a flow pipe coefficient based on a flow pipe width and a flow pipe water depth of each flow pipe obtained by the flow pipe variable conversion circuit. It is characterized by.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the river management system according to the third aspect, the flow pipe determination unit outputs the number of flow pipes, the flow pipe flow rate obtained by the river structure model definition unit, and the output from the measuring device. A flow distribution calculation circuit that determines the flow distribution in the river cross-section direction based on any of the water volume, water level, and river width to be measured, and a flow pipe width and flow of each flow pipe based on the flow distribution obtained by the flow distribution calculation circuit. A flow pipe variable conversion circuit for obtaining a pipe depth, a flow pipe coefficient calculation circuit for obtaining a flow pipe coefficient based on the flow pipe width and flow pipe depth of each flow pipe obtained by the flow pipe variable conversion circuit, and the flow rate distribution. Calculating circuit, operating the flow pipe variable conversion circuit, the number of flow pipes of the river which is the main flow part of the river structure model, the flow pipe depth of the main flow part corresponding to the flow pipe flow rate,
The main flow path determination circuit that determines the flow pipe width, the flow distribution calculation circuit, and the flow pipe variable conversion circuit are operated to determine the number of flow pipes of the river that joins the junction of the river structure model, the flow pipe flow rate. A river that diverges from a shunt point of the river structure model by operating a merging flow path determining circuit that determines a flow pipe water depth and a flow pipe width of a corresponding merging portion, and operating the flow distribution calculation circuit and the flow pipe variable conversion circuit. And a branch flow path determining circuit for determining the flow pipe depth and the depth of the branch pipe corresponding to the number of flow pipes and the flow pipe flow rate.

According to a ninth aspect, in the river management system according to the third aspect, the simulation device uses a river structure model obtained by the structure model construction device and water quality and flow rate obtained by the measurement device. A hydraulic state calculation unit for obtaining a hydraulic state of water flowing through the river, a horizontal dispersion unit for obtaining a water quality dispersion state in a river lateral direction based on the river structure model obtained by the structural model construction device, Based on the river structure model obtained by the structure model construction device, the vertical dispersion unit for obtaining the water quality dispersion state in the river longitudinal direction, and the hydraulic state calculation unit, the horizontal dispersion unit, and the vertical dispersion unit are operated a predetermined number of times, Lateral dispersion state of water quality, a simulated operating unit for obtaining the longitudinal dispersion state, and the hydraulic operation state calculation unit, the horizontal dispersion unit, the vertical dispersion unit by the simulated operation unit after a predetermined time obtained by operating a predetermined number of times, In place A delivery water quality determination unit that determines the quality, and when the delivery water quality determination unit determines that the water quality at the predetermined location deteriorates, the water quality at the predetermined location deteriorates based on the number of operations of the simulated operation unit. And a delivery time calculation unit for calculating the time until the arrival time.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the river management system according to the eighth aspect, the hydraulic condition calculation unit includes a water surface gradient setting circuit for setting a water surface gradient of the water flowing through the river, and a water surface gradient setting circuit. A dispersion coefficient calculation circuit for calculating a horizontal dispersion coefficient in a river cross-sectional direction and a longitudinal dispersion coefficient in a flowing direction based on the water surface gradient set in the above and the river structure model obtained by the structure model building apparatus; Based on the river structure model obtained by the apparatus, a flow tube flow velocity calculation circuit for obtaining the flow velocity of each flow pipe, and the flow velocity of each flow pipe obtained by this flow pipe flow velocity calculation circuit, obtained by the dispersion coefficient calculation circuit A horizontal dispersion coefficient, a vertical dispersion coefficient in the downstream direction, a dispersion constant circuit for obtaining a horizontal dispersion constant and a vertical dispersion constant of each flow tube based on the river structure model obtained by the structural model construction apparatus, Flow tube It is characterized in that a concentration inheritance calculating circuit for continuous water quality.

In the eleventh aspect, in the river management system according to the first aspect, when the output device displays the water quality flow state obtained by the simulation device, the output device may be on a plan view of the river or construct a structural model. The present invention is characterized in that the water quality flow state obtained by the simulation device is displayed in a contour line format or a color gradation display format on a river structure model obtained by the device.

According to the above configuration, in claim 1, any one of the water amount, the water level, and the river width obtained by measuring any of the water quality, the water amount, the water level, and the river width of the river by the measuring devices arranged at various places in the river. Based on the crab, a river structure model of the river is built by the structural model building device, and based on the river structure model built by the structure model building device and the water quality obtained by the measuring device, by the simulation device,
By calculating the water quality flow state of the water flowing through the river, by causing the output device to display either the water quality flow state or by transmitting the specified transmission destination,
Automatically create a river structural model, which not only minimizes the time and effort required to create a structural model, but also automatically creates a river structural model according to river water level fluctuations, water volume fluctuations, etc. Even if the water level, water volume, etc. of the river being managed fluctuate by this, the change in water quality, water volume, etc. of the river being managed is accurately predicted.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, as a river width measuring mechanism provided in the measuring device, a light receiver which is attached to a predetermined portion of a river structure provided in a river and receives light from the water surface boundary side of the river, Scanning device that scans the detector and switches the light receiving direction, a boundary position calculation circuit that obtains the water surface boundary of the river based on the light reception result obtained by scanning the light receiver with the scanning driver, and this boundary position calculation circuit Based on the calculation result, by using a mechanism equipped with a river width calculation circuit that calculates the river width of the river, the river width of the river being managed can be accurately measured, thereby creating a river structural model. Automatically create a river structural model while dramatically improving the accuracy of updating and updating, thereby reducing the time and effort required to create a structural model. In addition to the above, the structural model of a river is automatically updated in response to river water level fluctuations and water volume fluctuations. It accurately predicts changes in water quality and quantity of rivers that are changing.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, as a structural model construction device, a river which updates at least one of river cross-sectional shape data and river cross-sectional position data based on any of a water amount, a water level, and a river width outputted from a measuring device. A cross-section shape record management unit, and a river that determines the number of flow pipes of water flowing through the river and the flow pipe flow rate based on the river cross-section shape data and the river cross-section position data obtained by the river cross-section shape record management unit Based on the structural model definition section and any of the number of flow pipes, flow pipe flow rate, water volume output from the measuring device, water level, and river width defined by this river structure model definition section, the flow pipe depth of each flow pipe, By using the flow pipe determination unit to determine the flow pipe width, based on the measurement results obtained by measuring the river, the river cross-sectional shape necessary to simulate the flowing water portion of the river, the number of flow pipes, Flow tube flow Automatically create and update flow tube depth, flow tube width, etc., which not only reduces the time and effort required to create a structural model to almost zero, but also changes the river water level, water volume, etc. Automatically optimizes the structural model of, and accurately predicts changes in water quality, water volume, etc., of the river being managed.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the river cross-section shape record management unit includes a river cross-section record storage circuit for storing river cross-section shape data and river cross-section position data of a river, a water volume and a water level output from the measuring device. , River width,
The cross-sectional shape calculation circuit for calculating the cross-sectional shape in the river cross direction is compared with the cross-sectional shape data obtained by the cross-sectional shape calculation circuit and the cross-sectional river shape data stored in the river cross-section record storage circuit. When the difference between the flow cross-sectional shape and the river cross-sectional shape data exceeds a predetermined range, based on the flow cross-sectional shape, the river cross-sectional shape data and the river cross-sectional position stored in the river cross-sectional record storage circuit are used. By using a river cross-sectional shape record update circuit that updates any of the data, based on the measurement results obtained by measuring the river,
Automatically create and update river cross-sectional shape data and river cross-sectional position data necessary to simulate the flowing part of the river, thereby not only reducing the time and effort required to create the structural model to almost zero Automatically optimizes the structural model of the river according to the water level fluctuation and the water volume fluctuation of the river, and accurately predicts the water quality change and the water volume change of the managed river.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, as the river structure model definition unit, one of the river cross-sectional shape data and the river cross-sectional position data obtained by the river cross-sectional shape record management unit, or the water level obtained by the measurement device, Based on one of the river widths, the number of flow pipes that determines the number of flow pipes of the river structure model, and the number of flow pipes of the river structure model obtained by this flow number determination circuit and the amount of water obtained by the measurement device Based on the measurement results obtained by measuring the river, the number of flow pipes necessary to simulate the flowing water of the river by using the flow pipe flow determination circuit that determines the flow pipe flow of the river structure model In addition to optimizing the flow rate of the flow pipe and thereby reducing the time and effort required to create a structural model to almost zero, when the water level and water volume of the river fluctuate, the river Structure Automatically be optimized Dell,
Precisely predict changes in water quality, water volume, etc. of the river being managed.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, as the flow pipe number determining circuit, one of the river cross section shape data and the river cross section position data obtained by the river cross section shape record management section, or the water level obtained by the measurement device, A basic flow pipe number determination circuit that determines the number of flow pipes of the river that will be the main stream part of the river structure model based on any of the river widths, river cross section data obtained by the river cross section record management unit, river cross section position A circuit for determining the number of confluent pipes, which determines the number of confluent pipes at the confluence point of the river structure model, based on either the data or the water level or river width obtained by the measurement device, and a river cross-sectional shape record Based on one of the river cross-sectional shape data and river cross-sectional position data obtained by the management unit, or one of the water level and river width obtained by the measurement device, the flow pipe of the river that diverges from the branch point of the river structure model Number Using a Mel flow dividing tube number determining circuit, based further as the flow tube flow determining circuit, to the amount of water obtained in the flow tube number and measuring device obtained in the flow tube number determining circuit,
Based on the basic flow pipe flow rate determination circuit for obtaining the flow pipe flow rate of the river that is the main stream of the river structure model, Flow rate determination circuit for determining the flow rate of the flow pipe of the river that merges with the confluence point of the river, and the diversion of the river structure model based on the number of flow pipes obtained by the flow pipe number determination circuit and the amount of water obtained by the measuring device. By using a shunt pipe flow rate determination circuit that calculates the flow pipe flow rate of a river diverted from a point, the main stream side necessary to simulate the flowing water portion of the river based on the measurement results obtained by measuring the river The number of flow pipes, the flow pipe flow rate, the number of flow pipes on the merging side, the flow pipe flow rate, the number of flow pipes on the branching side, and the flow pipe flow rate are optimized. For rivers with rivers, it is necessary to create a structural model. Time and labor are reduced to almost zero, and the structural model of the river is automatically optimized in response to fluctuations in the water level and water volume of the river. Make accurate predictions.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the flow channel determination unit determines the river flow based on the number of flow tubes obtained by the river structure model definition unit and any of the water volume, water level, and river width output from the measuring device. A flow distribution calculation circuit for obtaining a flow distribution in a cross-sectional direction; a flow pipe variable conversion circuit for obtaining a flow pipe width and a flow pipe depth of each flow pipe based on the flow distribution obtained by the flow distribution calculation circuit; Based on the measurement results obtained by measuring the river by using the flow tube coefficient calculation circuit that calculates the flow tube coefficient based on the flow tube width and flow tube depth of each flow tube obtained by the variable conversion circuit Optimizing the cross-sectional flow distribution in the cross-section of the river required to simulate the flowing part of the river, the width of each flow tube, the depth of the flow tube, the flow tube coefficient, etc., and thereby the time required to create a structural model , Not only to reduce the effort to almost zero, Level change of the river, depending on the amount of water varies, the structural model of a river by automatically optimized, changes in water quality in rivers to be managed, is predicted, such as the exact amount of water changes.

According to the present invention, the flow pipe determining unit determines the river flow based on the number of flow pipes and the flow rate of the flow pipe obtained by the river structure model definition unit and any of the water volume, water level, and river width output from the measuring device. A flow distribution calculating circuit for obtaining a flow distribution in a cross-sectional direction; a flow pipe variable converting circuit for obtaining a flow pipe width and a flow pipe water depth of each flow pipe based on the flow distribution obtained by the flow distribution calculating circuit; Based on the flow tube width and flow tube depth of each flow tube obtained by the variable conversion circuit, the flow tube coefficient calculation circuit that calculates the flow tube coefficient, the flow distribution calculation circuit, and the flow tube variable conversion circuit are operated to make the river structure The number of flow pipes in the river, which is the main part of the model,
Operate the main flow path determination circuit that determines the flow pipe depth and width of the main pipe corresponding to the flow pipe flow rate, the flow distribution calculation circuit, and the flow pipe variable conversion circuit to join the junction of the river structure model The river structure model is operated by operating the merging flow path determination circuit that calculates the flow tube depth and width of the merging section corresponding to the number of flow tubes and the flow tube flow rate, the flow distribution calculation circuit, and the flow tube variable conversion circuit. The number of flow pipes of a river diverted from the shunt point, the depth of the pipe corresponding to the flow rate of the pipe, the depth of the flow pipe, and the flow path determination circuit that determines the width of the flow pipe. Based on the measurement results, the cross-sectional flow distribution on the main stream side necessary to simulate the flowing water portion of the river, the flow pipe width, the flow pipe depth, the flow pipe coefficient, the cross-sectional flow distribution on the confluence side, each flow pipe Flow pipe width, flow pipe depth, flow pipe coefficient, cross-sectional flow distribution on the branch side, The pipe width, flow depth and flow coefficient are optimized to reduce the time and effort required to create a structural model for not only rivers in the main stream but also rivers with confluence and divergence. In addition to automatically reducing the water level and the water volume of the river, the structure model of the river is automatically optimized to accurately predict changes in water quality and water volume of the river being managed.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, as a simulation device, a hydraulic model for obtaining a hydraulic state of water flowing through a river using a river structure model obtained by a structural model construction device and water quality and flow rate obtained by a measurement device. Based on the river state model obtained by the physical condition calculation unit and the structural model construction device, the horizontal dispersion unit that calculates the water quality dispersion state in the horizontal direction of the river, and based on the river structure model obtained by the structural model construction device, the river longitudinal direction Vertical dispersion unit for obtaining the water quality dispersion state of these, hydraulic state calculation unit, horizontal dispersion unit,
A simulated operating unit that operates the vertical dispersion unit a predetermined number of times to obtain a horizontal dispersion state of water quality and a vertical dispersion state, and a hydraulic state calculation unit, a horizontal dispersion unit, and a vertical dispersion unit by the simulated operation unit by a predetermined number of times. After a predetermined period of time obtained by the operation, a circulating water quality determination unit that determines the water quality at a predetermined location, and an operation of the simulation operation unit when the water quality at the predetermined location is determined to be degraded by the basin water quality determination unit. Based on the number of times, by using the delivery time calculation unit that calculates the time until the water quality of the predetermined location deteriorates, the measurement results obtained by measuring the river and the optimized river structure model Based on the hydraulic condition of the flowing part of the river,
Water quality dispersion state in the horizontal direction, water quality dispersion state in the vertical direction is predicted, and the water quality at a predetermined point of the river, for example, the intake point is determined.When the water quality deteriorates upstream of the river, the water quality at the intake point Accurately predict the degree of impact, the time until the effect occurs, etc.

In a tenth aspect, the hydraulic state calculation unit includes:
Based on the water surface gradient setting circuit in which the water surface gradient of the water flowing through the river is set, and the water surface gradient set by the water surface gradient setting circuit and the river structure model obtained by the structural model construction device, the horizontal A dispersion coefficient calculation circuit for calculating a dispersion coefficient and a longitudinal dispersion coefficient in a flowing direction; a flow pipe flow velocity calculation circuit for calculating a flow velocity of each flow pipe based on a river structure model obtained by a structural model construction apparatus; Based on the flow velocity of each flow pipe obtained by the circuit, the lateral dispersion coefficient obtained by the dispersion coefficient calculation circuit, the longitudinal dispersion coefficient in the downstream direction, and the horizontal dispersion of each flow pipe based on the river structure model obtained by the structural model construction device. By using a dispersion constant circuit that calculates constants and longitudinal dispersion constants, and a concentration inheritance calculation circuit that keeps the water quality of each flow pipe adjacent in the downflow direction, the measurement results obtained by measuring rivers and optimization River structure Based on the model, the water surface gradient, the horizontal dispersion coefficient in the cross-sectional direction, the vertical dispersion coefficient in the downflow direction, the flow velocity of each flow tube, the horizontal dispersion constant in the cross-section direction, and the vertical dispersion constant in the downflow direction are calculated based on the model. At the same time, the water quality of each flow pipe adjacent in the downflow direction is made continuous, and the water quality at a predetermined point of the river after a predetermined time from the present time, for example, the water quality at the intake point, is accurately determined. When the water quality deteriorates, the degree of influence on the water quality at the intake point and the time required for the influence to occur are accurately predicted.

According to the eleventh aspect, when the water quality flow state obtained by the simulation device is displayed by the output device, a contour line format or a river structure model obtained on the river plan model obtained by the structure model construction device is used. In color gradation display format,
By displaying the water quality flow state obtained by the simulation device, the water quality distribution after a predetermined time obtained by simulating the flowing part of the river is presented to the operator in an easy-to-understand format in an easy-to-understand format. When the water quality deteriorates, the degree of influence on the water quality at the water intake point, the time until the influence appears, and the like are accurately grasped, and the optimum measures are taken.

[0048]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [Basic Principle of the Present Invention] Prior to detailed description of the present invention, a basic principle of a river management system according to the present invention will be described.

At present, many water purification plant systems purify water taken from rivers to generate tap water to be supplied to households and the like. For this reason, when there is a possibility that the water taken from the river is contaminated, it is necessary to detect this in advance and take measures such as stopping the water intake.

Therefore, the present inventors can obtain an accurate concentration value near the water intake point even when the water quality on both sides of the river is different, and furthermore, various conditions shown below, namely: (2) Dynamic and high-speed tracing (3) Natural coordinate two-dimensional advection-diffusion tube flow model proposed by Yokura and Sayer to satisfy the condition that it can be easily used for actual rivers (Yokura, Nakamura, "On a flow tube model for two-dimensional transport analysis of dissolved matter in rivers," Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, 399 / -10,
1988, p85), and constructed a two-dimensional river water quality prediction system 101 shown in FIG.

This two-dimensional river water quality prediction system 101
Is a flow tube model necessary to model the flowing water flowing through the river from the cross-sectional shape of the river model 102, that is, the flowing water of the river model 102 is divided into a plurality of flow tubes “Δq” in the horizontal direction,
Further, a flow tube model construction tool 103 for creating a flow tube model divided vertically in units of the calculation element “Δx”, and hydraulic variables related to the flow tube model created by the flow tube model construction tool 103, for example, Hydraulic variable calculation tool 10 for determining diameter, friction speed, flow velocity distribution, lateral dispersion constant, etc.
4 and the flow pipe model obtained by the flow pipe model construction tool 103 and the hydraulic variable calculation tool 104, the flowing water portion of the river model 102 is laterally divided into a plurality of flow pipes “Δq”.
And a hydraulic model 105 for obtaining a hydraulic state by vertically dividing the calculation element “Δx”, and an unsteady advection dispersion equation corresponding to the hydraulic state obtained by the hydraulic model 105. As shown below, we use an algorithm that integrates the advection term and the transverse dispersion term that constitute this unsteady advection dispersion equation while correcting the analytical solution taking into account the fluctuations in water depth. And a water quality model 106 for calculating water quality for each calculation cycle “Δt”;
A water quality concentration display tool 107 that analyzes the water quality obtained by the water quality model 106 at each calculation cycle “Δt” and displays the water quality concentration in a color gradation format using contour lines on river coordinates.

[0052]

(Equation 1) Here, C: concentration q: cumulative flow U _x : flow velocity D _z : lateral dispersion constant
As shown in Fig. 1, assuming a single channel river with a river width of "20 km" (a river with no branching point or confluence point) having a river width of "50 m" with the maximum water depth biased to the left bank side, The river model 102 is divided into “100 m” intervals and 20 flow pipes are set for each divided area. The condition that the river flow “Q” of the river model 102 is “100 m ³ / sec” Was set, and a simulation was performed using the two-dimensional river water quality prediction system 101, and among the water flowing through the river, an analysis was performed to determine what kind of behavior of water having abnormal water quality occurs in a plane.

<< First Simulation >> First, water intake
Using three flow tubes on the left bank and right bank of the point,
"1.62m ³/ Water ”at a flow rate of
The central part of the river "10km" upstream from the intake point
Min, non-degradable solute at a concentration of "50 mg / l" for 5 minutes
Only, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours after injection
Simulate how non-degradable solutes diffuse
12 (a), (b) and (c)
The result was obtained.

As can be seen from the simulation results, in the vertical and horizontal directions accompanying the flow of the water flowing through the river, a water quality dispersion similar to the water quality dispersion (flume) generated in the actual river appears, as shown in FIG. In addition, there is a difference between the concentration of non-degradable solute on the right bank of the intake point and the concentration of non-degradable solute on the left bank of the intake point.
In fact, tailings similar to those occurring in rivers also appeared.

Further, when the arrival time to the maximum concentration (peak) of the water intake was analyzed, as shown in FIG. 14, there was a difference between the arrival time to the left bank intake and the arrival time to the right bank intake.

<< Second Simulation >> Next, water intake
Using three flow tubes on the left bank and right bank of the point,
"1.62m ³/ Water ”at a flow rate of
Then, on a river 10 km upstream from the intake point, on the left bank
From the river to the center of the river
Then, when the non-degradable solute is continuously injected, after one hour,
After 2 hours, spot how non-degradable solutes diffuse.
As shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B,
The result was obtained.

As can be seen from the simulation result, when water of abnormal water quality flows into the river from the tributary on the left bank side of the river, the water of abnormal water quality is generated by the central part where the flow is fast, as in the actual flow of the river. Is led to the opposite side.

<< Third Simulation >> Next, water intake
Using three flow tubes on the left bank and right bank of the point,
"1.62m ³/ Water ”at a flow rate of
The right bank on the river 10km upstream from the intake point
From the river to the center of the river
Then, when the non-degradable solute is continuously injected, after one hour,
After 2 hours, spot how non-degradable solutes diffuse.
As shown in FIGS. 16A and 16B,
The result was obtained.

As can be seen from the simulation results, when water of abnormal water quality flows into the river from the tributary on the right bank side of the river, the water of abnormal water quality is formed by the central part where the flow is fast as in the actual flow of the river. Is led to the opposite side.

<< Results >> As can be seen from the results of these simulations, the two-dimensional river water quality prediction system 1
By using 01, the behavior of water quality dispersion (flume) seen in a normal river can be expressed.

At this time, a model that affects the behavior of water quality
Calculation that is a decomposition factor of time and space
Period “Δt”, flow tube “Δq”, calculation element “Δx”, flow velocity
"U _x”, The lateral dispersion constant“ D_zUse only
Because the formula is simple, it is simple and fast
Simulations can be performed.

Therefore, in the river management system according to the present invention, the two-dimensional river water quality prediction system is used as a basic part, and the water quality dispersion of the river is predicted.

[Embodiment of the Present Invention] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a river management system according to the present invention using the above-described basic principle.

The river management system 1 shown in this figure is a measuring device 2 for measuring the water volume, river width, etc. of a river to be managed.
And a structural model constructing device 3 for constructing a river structural model based on each measurement result obtained by the measuring device 2, a river structural model constructed by the structural model constructing device 3, and a measuring device 2 A simulation device 4 for predicting the water quality distribution of each part of the river at predetermined time intervals based on the present time based on the amount of water and water quality of the river obtained, and a prediction result obtained by the simulation device 4 is displayed in an easy-to-understand format. Status display device 5
And a transmission device 6 for transmitting each measurement result obtained by the measurement device 2, the structural model constructed by the structural model construction device 3, the prediction result obtained by the simulation device 4, and the like to a designated transmission destination.
By measuring the flow rate, water level, river width, presence / absence of poisons, etc. of the river to be managed, and optimizing the structural model of the river, using this structural model, measurement results, etc. At a given time, the water quality distribution of each part of the river is simulated, and when the water quality of the river deteriorates upstream of the river to be managed, how much the water quality of the intake site deteriorates, and The time is predicted, the prediction result is displayed in an easy-to-understand format, and a report is made to a preset report location.

Hereinafter, the measuring device 2, the structural model construction device 3, the simulation device 4, the status display device 5, and the transmission device 6 constituting the river management system 1 will be described in detail in order.

<< Description of Measuring Apparatus 2 >> The measuring apparatus 2 is installed at each location of a river to be managed, a plurality of flow rate measuring mechanisms 7 for measuring the flow rate of the river, and at each location of the river to be managed. Water level measurement mechanism 8 installed to measure river water level
And a river width measuring mechanism 9 installed at each location of the river to be managed and measuring the width of the river, and a water quality installed at each location of the river to be managed and measuring the quality of water flowing through the river in advance. When there is a registered poison or the like, a poison detection mechanism 10 for detecting the poison is provided. While measuring, the flow rate “Q”, the water level “H”, and the river width “W” obtained in each of these measurement operations are supplied to the structural model construction device 3 and the transmission device 6, and the flow rate “Q” And the water quality “C” are supplied to the simulation device 4.

In this case, the river width measuring mechanism 9 is attached to a predetermined portion of a river structure provided in the river, and receives light from the water surface boundary side of the river, and scans the light receiver. A scan driver that switches the light receiving direction, a boundary position calculation circuit that obtains a water surface boundary of a river based on a light reception result obtained by scanning a light receiver by the scan driver, and a calculation result of the boundary position calculation circuit. A measurement mechanism having a river width calculation circuit for obtaining the river width of the river is used.

<< Description of Structural Model Building Apparatus 3 >> The structural model building apparatus 3 includes a river cross section shape recording management section 11 for recording and managing river cross section shape data, river cross section position data, etc. relating to the cross section shape of a river. , A river structure model defining unit 12 for defining a river structural model, and a flow channel determining unit 13 for determining the contents of each flow tube constituting the river structural model
And the flow rate “Q” supplied from the measuring device 2.
The river cross section shape data, river cross section position data, etc. are updated based on the water level “H” and the river width “W”. While keeping the actual cross-sectional shape of the river in question and the cross-sectional shape of the river model, the number of flow pipes and flow pipe flow of the structural model necessary to represent the water flowing through the river in a simulated manner are determined. The flow rate distribution, flow pipe variable conversion, flow pipe coefficient, etc. of each flow pipe are obtained, and these structural models, flow rate distribution, flow pipe variable conversion, flow pipe coefficient, etc. are used as flow pipe shape data as a simulation device 4, a transmission device 6, To supply.

In this case, the river cross section shape record management unit 11
As shown in FIG. 8, a horizontal number Z indicating the horizontal direction of the river with respect to each of the downstream numbers "i" indicating the downstream direction of the river and, as shown in FIG. Every,
Riverbed width “W (Z)” indicating the horizontal distance from the cross-section base point;
A river cross-section record and storage circuit for storing river cross-section shape data represented by a river bed height “H (Z)” indicating a vertical distance and river cross-section position data indicating a position of a flowing water portion;
As shown in the figure, based on the water level data “H” supplied from the measuring device 2, the river cross-sectional shape data recorded in the river cross-section record storage circuit 14 is converted into flow cross-section coordinate data based on the flowing water area. Flow section shape data conversion circuit 15 which extracts a positive value portion (flow section shape data indicating a portion where water is actually present) of the flow section coordinate data output from the flow section shape data conversion circuit 15, Water depth "h
(Z) "The flow section depth calculating circuit 16 for calculating""and the flow section coordinate data output from the flow section shape data conversion circuit 15 extract a positive value portion (portion where water actually exists) of the flow section coordinate data, and Flow cross section river width calculation circuit for calculating the cross section river width “WZ” indicating the river width, the cross section river width “W” indicating the distance from the left bank flow boundary (δ = 0 to the right bank flow boundary (δ = nδ)) 17, the flow cross section river width “W” obtained by the flow cross section river width calculation circuit 17, “h (Z)” obtained by the flow cross section water depth calculation circuit 16, and the river cross section shape data adjacent to each of these boundaries. Interpolating the riverbed height, riverbed width, etc., the left bank width “WL” and the right bank width “WR”, which are the horizontal distances of the riverbeds constituting the river cross section, and the left bank boundary “H”, which is the riverbed height at the flowing water boundary ( _XL ) ”, right bank boundary riverbed height“ H (X
_R ) ″ and a cross-sectional shape calculation circuit 19 having a flow cross-section boundary calculation circuit 18.

Further, the river cross-sectional shape record management unit 11
Is obtained by the cross-sectional shape calculation circuit 19 as shown in FIG.
River width “WZ” and the river width supplied from the measuring device 2
River width comparison circuit 2 that compares “W” and calculates the difference
0, the difference obtained by the river width comparison circuit 20 is a predetermined ratio
Above, when left, "X_L"H" bed height
(X_L) ", Riverbed width" W (X_L) "Or right bank border
“X_R"H (X _R) ”, Riverbed width“ W
(X_R) ”Is stored in the river cross-section record storage circuit 14.
River cross-section shape data, and the cross-section river width
The difference between “WZ” and river width “W” is separated only by a specified ratio or less.
When not stored in the river cross-section record storage circuit 14,
Of the river cross-sectional shape data
“X_LRiver cross-sectional shape data closest to "or right bank
Boundary "X_RRiver cross section data closest to "
A river having a river cross-sectional shape data correction circuit 21
A cross section shape recording / updating circuit 22 is provided.

Based on the previously stored river cross-sectional shape data, river cross-sectional position data, and the water level “H” and river width “W” output from the measuring device 2, the cross-sectional shape of the water flowing through the river is determined. , The cross-section river width “W (z)” indicating the river width from the flow boundary, and the cross-section river width “W indicating the distance from the left shore flow boundary to the right shore flow boundary.
Z, the left bank width “WL”, which is the horizontal distance of the riverbed part constituting the river cross section, the right bank width “WR”, the left bank boundary riverbed height “H ( _XL )”, which is the riverbed height at the flowing water boundary, the right bank boundary riverbed High “H (X _R )” and the like are calculated, and further, based on a comparison result of the river cross section “WZ” obtained by these calculations with the river width “W” supplied from the measuring device 2, After correcting the river cross-sectional shape data, the flow cross-sectional position data, and the like, the corrected flow cross-sectional shape data, the flow cross-sectional position data, and the like are supplied to the simulation device 4 as the flow cross-sectional shape data. , The river width “W” supplied from the measuring device 2, and the like.
And the flow channel determining unit 13.

The river structure model definition unit 12 calculates the river width “W” (river width obtained by the measuring device 2) supplied from the river cross-sectional shape record management unit 11 or the flow cross-section river width “WZ” included in the flow cross-section shape data. ”Is arranged for each downflow number“ i ”, and the main stream portion of the river,
An average deviation “DM” expressing the degree of change accompanying the flow of water is determined for each of the merging portion and the branching portion, and the main flow portion is calculated using a preset relational expression, for example, the following expression (3). , A flow tube number determining circuit 23 for calculating a basic flow tube number “nj” for each of the merging portion and the diverging portion, and a main flow portion, a merging portion, and a diverging portion obtained by the flow tube number determining circuit 23. After multiplying the number of flow tubes “nj” by a predetermined distribution ratio,
The flow rate “Q” at the main stream, the flow rate “Q” at the merge section, and the flow rate “Q” at the branch section supplied from the river cross-sectional shape record management unit 11 (main stream section, merge section, branch stream obtained by the measuring device 2) Is distributed to each flow pipe, and the flow pipe flow rate “q
(J) "(where j is the flow tube number from the left boundary).

Nj = a · DM + b (3) where a: constant b: constant and the river width “W” (river width obtained by the measuring device 2) or flow supplied from the river cross-sectional shape record management unit 11 Based on the flow cross section river width “WZ (i)” included in the cross sectional shape data, an average deviation “DM” expressing the degree of change accompanying the flow of water is determined for each of a main stream portion, a junction portion, and a branch portion of the river. , (3) is used to calculate the number of flow pipes “nj”, multiply this flow pipe number “nj” by a predetermined distribution ratio, and then supply the main stream supplied from the river cross-sectional shape record management unit 11. The flow rate “Q” of the part, the flow rate “Q” of the merge part, and the flow rate “Q” of the branch part (each flow of the main flow part, the merge part, and the branch part obtained by the measuring device 2) are distributed to each flow pipe. , The flow pipe flow rate “q (j ) ", And supplies these to the flow conduit determination unit 13.

The flow pipe determining unit 13 converts the flow cross section water depth “h (z)” and the flow cross section width “W (z)” in the flow cross section shape data supplied from the river cross section shape recording management unit 11. Based on
An average water depth calculation circuit (not shown) for calculating an average water depth “Hm” of a river cross section, a river cross section shape record management section 11
Of river cross section based on the number of flow cross section data “NZ” in the flow cross section shape data supplied from the unit and the flow rate “Q” (flow rate obtained by the measuring device 2) supplied from the river cross section shape recording management unit 11 An average flow rate calculating circuit (not shown) for calculating the average flow rate “Qm” of the above-mentioned formula, substituting the average water depth “Hm” and the average flow rate “Qm” into a predetermined calculation formula to obtain the flow cross-sectional distribution “q (Z) A flow rate distribution calculation circuit 25 constituted by a flow rate calculation circuit (not shown) for calculating "", and as shown in FIG.
2, the number of flow pipes “nj” supplied from 2 and the flow pipe flow rate “q (j)” for each flow pipe are integrated, and the cumulative flow rate “qc (z)” and the cumulative flow pipe flow rate “ qc (j) "after determining the performs interpolation calculation, shown in the following equation (4) left bank boundary satisfy""with Request, the flow tube number" j _"flow tube number from" X L j " From the flow tube position calculation circuit 26 for obtaining the flow tube position “zi” in the river cross section direction corresponding to the flow tube position “zi” obtained by the flow tube position calculation circuit 26 and the river cross section shape record management section 11 A flow tube width calculation circuit 27 for obtaining a flow tube width "w (j)" of each flow tube based on the flow cross section width "W (z)" in the supplied flow cross sectional shape data, river cross section shape record management Flow section depth “h (z)” in the flow section shape data supplied from the section 11 and the flow tube position calculation circuit 26
Based on the flow pipe position “zi” obtained in the above, the flow pipe water depth “h
(J) A flow pipe variable conversion circuit 29 constituted by a flow pipe water depth calculation circuit 28 for obtaining "".

Qc (z) = qc (j) (4) Further, the flow pipe determining unit 13 includes a flow rate distribution calculating circuit 25,
A first flow path for operating the flow pipe variable conversion circuit 29 to obtain a flow pipe width “w (j)” and a flow pipe water depth “h (j)” for each of the flow pipes constituting the main stream portion of the river. By operating the decision circuit 30, the flow distribution calculation circuit 25, and the flow pipe variable conversion circuit 29, the flow pipe width “w” is set for each flow pipe of the river on the merging side.
(J) ", the second flow path determination circuit 31 for obtaining the flow pipe water depth" h (j) ", the flow distribution calculation circuit 25, and the flow pipe variable conversion circuit 29 are operated to obtain each of the rivers on the branch side. A third flow path determination circuit 32 for obtaining a flow pipe width “w (j)” and a flow pipe water depth “h (j)” for each flow pipe, and, as shown in FIG. For each “i”, the natural coordinate position “ _{XL (X, Y)} ” of the water surface boundary on both sides,
Flow section boundary position calculation circuit 3 for obtaining “ _{XR (X, Y)} ”
3. Based on the water flow boundary positions " _{XL (X, Y)} " and "XR _{(X, Y)} " obtained by the flow cross-section boundary position calculation circuit 33, the water flow boundary shape is obtained for both banks. Flowing water surface boundary shape calculation circuit 34, this flowing water surface boundary shape calculation circuit 34
Based on the flowing water surface boundary shape obtained in
Water surface boundary length "L _XL "
The water surface boundary length calculation circuit 35 for obtaining “L _XR ”, and the water surface boundary length “L” obtained by the water surface boundary length calculation circuit 35
_{XL "," L X R} "and the flow tube variable conversion circuit 29 obtained in the flow tube width" w (j) "based on the performed interpolation processing, the flow tube length of each flow tube" L (j) " The desired flow tube length calculation circuit 36,
The flow pipe length “L (j)” obtained for each flow pipe obtained by the flow pipe length calculation circuit 36 and the flow water surface boundary lengths “L _XL ” and “L _XR ” obtained by the water flow surface boundary length calculation circuit 35. Flow tube length ratio calculation circuit 37 for obtaining a flow tube coefficient “X _Z (j)” indicating a relative ratio
And a flow tube coefficient calculation circuit 38 composed of

Then, the flow cross-sectional shape data supplied from the river cross-sectional shape record management unit 11, the number of flow pipes “nj” supplied from the river structure model definition unit 12 supplied from the river structure model definition unit 12, Flow tube flow rate “q” for each flow tube
(J) ”, etc., the number of cross sections“ N _X ”for the main stream portion, the merging portion, and the branch portion of the river to be managed.
The flow tube width “w (j)” and the flow tube water depth “h (j)” are determined for each and each flow tube, and the flow tube length “L” for each flow tube is determined.
(J) ”and a flow pipe coefficient“ X _Z (j) ”indicating a relative ratio between the flowing water boundary length“ L _XL ”and“ L _XR ”obtained by the flowing water boundary length calculation circuit 35. , respective flow cross section number _{"N X"} each and the flow tube width of each flow tube "w (j)", the flow tube depth "h (j)", the flow tube coefficient of each flow tube _"X Z (j ) "
And the number of flow pipes “nj” supplied from the river structure model definition unit 12 and the flow pipe flow rate “q (j)” of each flow pipe are arranged for each downflow number “i”. The data is supplied to the simulation device 4 as pipe shape data.

<< Description of Simulator 4 >>
As shown in the figure, a water surface gradient setting circuit 39 for setting a predetermined constant “I” obtained from a measurement result performed in advance as a water surface gradient of a flow section, and a water surface gradient “I” set in the water surface gradient setting circuit 39. ”And the flow cross-sectional shape data supplied from the structural model construction device 3, the diameter“ RC ”of the flow cross section is determined using a predetermined calculation formula, and the depth“ RC ”of the flow cross section is determined. Based on the water surface gradient “I” set in the water surface gradient setting circuit 39, the friction velocity “V ^* ” of the flow cross section
Further, based on the friction velocity “V ^* ” and the flow cross-sectional shape data supplied from the structural model construction device 3, the dispersion coefficient in the river cross section (lateral dispersion coefficient “e _Z ”) and the dispersion in the downstream direction The dispersion coefficient calculation circuit 40 for calculating the coefficient (longitudinal dispersion coefficient “e _X ”), and the flow pipe flow velocity “U” of each flow pipe based on the flow pipe shape data supplied from the structural model construction device 3.
_X (j) "to determine the flow tube flow velocity" U "of each flow pipe obtained by the flow pipe flow velocity calculation circuit 42.
_X (j) ”, the horizontal dispersion coefficient“ e _Z ”, and the vertical dispersion coefficient“ e _X ”obtained by the dispersion coefficient calculation circuit 40, the horizontal dispersion constant“ D _Z ”and the vertical dispersion constant for each flow tube. A hydraulic constant configured by a dispersion constant calculation circuit 42 for obtaining “D _X ” and a concentration inheritance calculation circuit 43 for making the water quality of each flow pipe in each of these sections continuous when the number of flow pipes in the adjacent sections is different from each other. A state calculator 44 is provided.

Further, the simulation device 4 includes a hydraulic state calculation unit 4
Based on the lateral dispersion constant “D _Z ” of each flow tube obtained in step 4,
Integral calculation is performed by using the following equation (5), and the horizontal dispersion section 45 for calculating the dispersion state of water quality between the respective flow pipes in the river cross-sectional direction and the hydraulic state calculation section 44 are obtained. Based on the longitudinal dispersion constant “D _X ” for each flow tube, shown below (6)
A longitudinal dispersion unit 46 that performs an integral calculation using the equation and calculates a water quality dispersion state between the respective flow pipes in the downstream direction of the river.
When, under a stream number "i" in sequence, while incrementing the total flow cross-section number "N _X" and flow tube number of the flow cross-section "N
_Z ”, the horizontal dispersion unit 45 and the vertical dispersion unit 4
6 is operated to calculate the horizontal dispersion water quality and the vertical dispersion water quality of the entire river to be managed, and the simulated operating section 57 using the following equation (7). Water quality at the intake point downstream from the specified location
_S (t) ", a delivery water quality calculation unit 48, and a time until the intake water quality" C _S (t) "obtained by the delivery water quality calculation unit 48 reaches a predetermined value or more (delivery time). And a delivery time calculator 49 for obtaining “Tf”.

[0079]

(Equation 2) Here, C: water quality q: cumulative flow rate “q (j)” in the flow section direction “q (j)”
c (j) _{"U x:} flow tube of the flow tube _{velocity" UX (j) "D z} : horizontal dispersion constant m _X: flow tube coefficient

(Equation 3) Here, t: simulation time ns: number of the flow pipe to take water And, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 7, the hydraulic operation state calculation unit 44 is started by the simulation operation unit 47 at a preset cycle, and the structural model After the flow cross-section shape data and the flow tube shape data supplied from the construction device 3 are taken in, the horizontal dispersion constant “D _Z ” and the vertical length of each flow tube are calculated by using the flow cross-section shape data and the flow tube shape data. In addition to the calculation of the dispersion constant “D _X ”, the flow rate “Q” and the water quality “C” supplied from the measuring device 2 are taken in and written into the memory (steps ST1 to ST4).

Thereafter, the simulated operating section 47 activates the horizontal dispersion section 45, and based on the horizontal dispersion constant “D _Z ” of each flow tube obtained by the hydraulic state calculation section 44, the flow number indicating the flow direction. While sequentially incrementing “i”, the integral calculation shown in Expression (5) is performed by the number of times corresponding to the total number of flow sections “N _X ” and the number of flow tubes “N _Z ” of each of these flow sections, After calculating the horizontal dispersion water quality between the respective flow tubes in the river cross-sectional direction (steps ST5 to ST7), the vertical dispersion unit 46 is started, and the vertical dispersion of each flow tube obtained by the hydraulic state calculation unit 44 is calculated. Based on the dispersion constant “D _X ”, the flow number “i” indicating the flow direction is sequentially incremented while corresponding to the total number of flow sections “N _X ” and the number of flow tubes “N _Z ” of each of these flow sections. The integral calculation shown in equation (6) is performed the number of times, and the , To calculate the vertical dispersion water between the flow tube (step ST8~ST10).

Next, the simulated operating section 47 determines the water quality of the delivered water.
Activating the calculation unit 48 and storing the data in the hydraulic state calculation unit 44
Water quality calculation is required based on the water quality “C” written in
The water quality “C” is deteriorating.
When it is determined that the flow rate is determined (step ST11), the flow water quality meter
Operating unit 48 and the delivery time calculating unit 49 at the same time.
And make the calculation shown in equation (7) take place.
Water quality "C_S(T) ”
Water quality "C_S(T) Time until “” reaches a predetermined value or more
(Driving time) "Tf" was calculated and obtained by these calculations.
Water intake quality “C _S(T) ”, delivery time“ Tf ”, each flow
Flow pipe flow “q (j)” for each lower number “i”, each lower number
Flow tube velocity “U” for each “i”_X(J) ", each flow number" i "
The flow model water quality "C (j)" and the
Supplied from the construction model construction device 3 supplied from the construction device 3
Display of flow cross section shape data and flow tube shape data
It is supplied to the device 5 (steps ST12 to ST15).

<< Description of Status Display Device >>
A display 50 having a display capacity sufficient to display the state of the river to be managed, a map including the river to be managed, and flow sectional shape data obtained by the structural model construction device 3; A river drawing unit 51 for displaying a river structural model indicated by flow pipe shape data on a display unit, a new water intake quality “C _S (t)” and a delivery time “T” from the simulation device 4.
f ", the falling number""flowtube flow for each" q i (j) ", each falling number" i "for each of the flow tube _velocity" U X (j) _", each falling number" flow tube for each i " Each time the water quality “C (j)” or the like is supplied, the water intake water quality “C _S (t)” to each flow-down number “i”
Processes the flow pipe water quality “C (j)” and the like, and draws water quality map, delivery time map, flow pipe flow map, flow pipe flow rate map, flow pipe water quality map in contour line format or color gradation format. And processing for superimposing and displaying these on the river displayed on the display 50, on the structural model of the river, or the intake water quality “C _S (t)” and the delivery time “T
f ", the falling number""flowtube flow for each" q i (j) ", each falling number" i "for each of the flow tube _velocity" U X (j) _", each falling number" flow tube for each i " A status display unit 52 is provided for creating trend graphs such as water quality “C (j)” and displaying these trend graphs on the display 50.

Then, a map including the river to be managed and the river structural model obtained by the structural model construction device 3 are displayed on the display surface, and the simulation device 4 is displayed.
Water intake quality “C _S (t)” supplied from
f ", the flow tube flow" q (i, j) " , each falling number""flow tube velocity of _{each" U X i (j) "} , each falling number" i "for each of the flow tubes Water" C (j) ”, Etc., on the river, on the river structure model, in the contour line format, the color gradation method, the intake water quality map,
A delivery time map, a flow pipe flow map, a flow pipe velocity map, a flow pipe water quality map, and the like are displayed. Also, when a trend display request is issued from the operator, the intake water quality “C _S (t)” supplied from the simulation device 4, the delivery time “Tf”, and the flow pipe flow rate “q” for each downstream number “i”. (j) ", each falling number" i "for each of the flow tube _velocity" U X (j) _", each falling number" i "
A trend graph such as the flow pipe water quality “C (j)” is created for each and displayed.

<< Description of Transmission Apparatus 6 >> The transmission apparatus 6 obtains information designated as a transmission target, for example, the flow rate “Q” obtained by the flow rate measurement mechanism 7 of the measurement apparatus 2 and the water level measurement mechanism 8. A water level “H”, a river width “W” obtained by the river width measurement mechanism 9, a water quality “C” obtained by the toxicant detection mechanism 10, or a river structural model obtained by the structural model construction device 3;
Alternatively, an input unit 53 for capturing the display content of the state display device 5 and the like, a flow rate “Q” captured by the input unit 53,
A storage unit 5 for storing a water level “H”, a river width “W”, a water quality “C”, a river structural model, display contents of the state display device 5, and the like.
4 and an output unit 55 that reads out the content stored in the storage unit 54 at a predetermined cycle and transmits the content to a designated transmission destination.

Then, the flow rate “Q”, water level “H”, river width “W”, water quality “C”, river structure model,
While the display contents of the state display device 5 are fetched and stored, the stored flow rate “Q”, water level “H”, river width “W”, water quality “C”, and river structure are stored at predetermined intervals. The model, the display contents of the status display device 5, and the like are transmitted to the designated transmission destination.

As described above, in this embodiment, based on the river width “W”, the water quantity “Q”, the water level “H”, etc. obtained by the measuring device 2, the structural model constructing device 3 constructs a river structural model. Then, the flow section shape data and the flow tube shape data are created, and the flow section shape data, the flow tube shape data, the water amount “Q” and the water quality “C” obtained by the measuring device 2 are obtained.
Based on the above, the simulation device 4 performs a simulation to calculate the water quality distribution of the river after a predetermined time from the present time, and displays the distribution on the state display device 5. It can be created automatically, which not only minimizes the time and effort required to create a structural model, but also automatically creates a river structural model according to river water level fluctuations, water volume fluctuations, etc. Thus, even if the water level, the water amount, and the like of the river to be managed fluctuate, the water quality change, the water amount change, and the like of the river to be managed can be accurately predicted.

In this embodiment, a river width measuring mechanism 9 provided in the measuring device 2 is attached to a predetermined portion of a river structure provided in a river, and receives light from a water surface boundary side of the river. And a scanning driver that switches the light receiving direction by scanning the light receiver, and a boundary position calculation circuit that obtains a water surface boundary of a river based on a light receiving result obtained by scanning the light receiver by the scanning driver, Based on the calculation result of this boundary position calculation circuit, a mechanism having a river width calculation circuit for calculating the river width of the river is used, so that the river width of the river being managed is accurately measured, thereby It is possible to automatically create a river structural model while dramatically improving the accuracy of creating and updating a river structural model. Not only can the time and effort required to create a river be reduced to almost zero, but also the river structural model can be automatically updated according to river water level fluctuations, water volume fluctuations, etc. Even if the water level, water amount, etc. of the river fluctuate, it is possible to accurately predict a change in water quality, a change in water amount, etc. of the river being managed.

In this embodiment, as the structural model construction device 3, river cross-sectional shape data based on any of the water volume, water level, and river width output from the measurement device 2,
Based on the river cross-sectional shape record management unit 11 that updates any of the river cross-sectional position data, the river cross-sectional shape data and the river cross-sectional position data obtained by the river cross-sectional shape record management unit 11, A river structure model definition unit 12 that determines the number of flow pipes and flow pipe flow rate of water flowing through a river, and the number of flow pipes, flow pipe flow rate,
Based on the water volume, water level, or river width output from the measuring device 2, the flow channel determining unit 13 that obtains the flow tube depth and width of each flow channel is used. Based on the measurement results obtained, the river cross-sectional shape, number of pipes, flow pipe flow rate, flow pipe water depth, flow pipe width, etc. necessary to simulate the flowing water part of the river are automatically created.
It can be updated, which not only reduces the time and effort required to create a structural model to almost zero, but also automatically optimizes the river structural model according to river water level fluctuations, water volume fluctuations, etc. It is possible to accurately predict changes in water quality, water quantity, etc., of the river being managed.

In this embodiment, the river cross-sectional shape record management unit 11 includes a river cross-sectional record storage circuit 14 for storing river cross-sectional shape data and river cross-sectional position data of a river, and a measuring device 2. Output water volume, water level,
Based on one of the river widths, a flow cross-sectional shape calculating circuit 19 for obtaining a flow cross-sectional shape in the river horizontal direction, and a flow cross-sectional shape obtained by the flow cross-sectional shape calculating circuit 19 and stored in the river cross-sectional record storage circuit 14 Is compared with the river cross-sectional shape data, and when the difference between the flow cross-sectional shape and the river cross-sectional shape data exceeds a predetermined range, the data is stored in the river cross-sectional record storage circuit 14 based on the flow cross-sectional shape. And the river cross-sectional shape recording / updating circuit 22 for updating any one of the river cross-sectional shape data and the river cross-sectional position data, so that the river is measured based on the measurement result obtained by measuring the river. Automatically create and update river cross-sectional shape data and river cross-sectional position data required to simulate the flowing water area of the river, and thereby the time required to create a structural model Not only can the labor be reduced to almost zero, but also the river structural model is automatically optimized according to river water level fluctuations and water volume fluctuations, and changes in water quality and water volume of the river being managed Predict changes accurately.

Further, in this embodiment, as the number of flow pipes determining circuit 23, any one of the river cross-sectional shape data and the river cross-sectional position data obtained by the river cross-sectional shape recording management unit 11, or the measuring device 2 Basic flow tube number determination circuit (not shown) that calculates the number of flow tubes of the river that is the main stream part of the river structure model based on either the water level or river width obtained in
And any one of the river cross-sectional shape data and the river cross-sectional position data obtained by the river cross-sectional shape record management unit 11, or the water level and river width obtained by the measurement device 2. A circuit for determining the number of confluent pipes (not shown) for calculating the number of confluent pipes of the river, and any one of the river cross-sectional shape data and the river cross-sectional position data obtained by the river cross-sectional shape record management unit 11 Or a branch flow pipe number determination circuit (not shown) for determining the number of flow pipes of a river to be a branch part of the river structure model based on either the water level or the river width obtained by the measuring device 2. The flow pipe flow determining circuit 24 calculates the flow pipe flow of a river which is a main flow part of the river structure model based on the number of flow pipes obtained by the flow pipe number determining circuit 23 and the amount of water obtained by the measuring device 2. Required basic flow tube flow rate determination circuit ( Is omitted), and a flow pipe flow rate of a river that merges with a river structure model merging point is determined based on the number of flow pipes obtained by the flow pipe number determination circuit 23 and the amount of water obtained by the measurement device 2. Based on a flow pipe flow rate determining circuit (not shown), the number of flow pipes obtained by the flow pipe number determining circuit 23, and the amount of water obtained by the measurement device 2, the flow rate of the river flowing from the branch point of the river structure model is determined. Since a diverting pipe flow rate determination circuit (not shown) that calculates the flow rate of the flow pipe is used, it is necessary to simulate the flowing water of the river based on the measurement results obtained by measuring the river. It is possible to optimize the number of flow pipes on the main stream side, the flow pipe flow rate, the number of flow pipes on the confluence side, the flow pipe flow rate, the number of flow pipes on the split side, and the flow pipe flow rate. In addition, structural models are also used for rivers with confluent and divergent rivers. The time it takes to create, as well as being able to labor almost zero,
By automatically optimizing the structural model of the river according to the fluctuation of the water level and the amount of water of the river, it is possible to accurately predict the water quality change and the water amount change of the river to be managed.

Further, in this embodiment, as the flow pipe determination unit 13, the number of flow pipes, the flow pipe flow rate obtained by the river structure model definition unit 12, the water volume output from the measurement device 2, the water level,
A flow distribution calculating circuit 25 for obtaining a flow distribution in the river cross section direction based on any of the river widths, and a flow pipe width and a flow pipe depth of each flow pipe are obtained based on the flow distribution obtained by the flow distribution calculating circuit 25. A flow pipe variable conversion circuit 29; a flow pipe coefficient calculation circuit 38 for obtaining a flow pipe coefficient based on the flow pipe width and flow pipe water depth of each flow pipe obtained by the flow pipe variable conversion circuit 29; 25. A first flow path for operating the flow pipe variable conversion circuit 29 to obtain the number of flow pipes of the river which is the main flow part of the river structure model, the flow pipe water depth and the flow pipe width of the main flow part corresponding to the flow pipe flow rate The determination circuit 30 (main flow path determination circuit), the flow distribution calculation circuit 25, and the flow pipe variable conversion circuit 29 are operated to determine the number of flow pipes of a river that joins the junction of the river structure model;
A second flow path determining circuit (converging flow path determining circuit) 31 for obtaining the flow pipe water depth and the flow pipe width of the merging portion corresponding to the flow pipe flow rate;
The flow distribution calculation circuit 25 and the flow pipe variable conversion circuit 29 are operated to obtain the number of flow pipes of the river diverted from the shunt point of the river structure model, the flow pipe water depth and the flow pipe width of the diverted portion corresponding to the flow pipe flow rate. Third flow path determination circuit (shunt flow path determination circuit) 32
Is used, based on the measurement results obtained by measuring the river, the cross-sectional flow distribution on the main stream side necessary to simulate the flowing water portion of the river, the width of the flow pipe of each flow pipe, the depth of the flow pipe , Flow pipe coefficient, cross-sectional flow distribution on the merging side, flow pipe width of each flow pipe, flow pipe depth, flow pipe coefficient, cross-sectional flow distribution on the branch side, flow pipe width of each flow pipe, flow pipe water depth, flow pipe coefficient It is possible to minimize the time and effort required to create a structural model for not only rivers in the main stream, but also rivers with confluence and divergent rivers. Depending on the water level fluctuation, water volume fluctuation, etc.
By automatically optimizing the structural model of a river, it is possible to accurately predict changes in water quality, water amount, and the like of a river to be managed.

Further, in this embodiment, the water flowing through the river is used as the simulation device 4 by using the river structure model obtained by the structure model construction device 3 and the water quality and flow rate obtained by the measurement device 2. A hydraulic state calculating unit 44 for obtaining a hydraulic state, and a horizontal dispersion unit 45 for obtaining a water quality dispersion state in a river lateral direction based on the river structure model obtained by the structural model construction device 3.
And a vertical dispersion unit 4 for obtaining a state of water quality dispersion in the vertical direction of the river based on the river structure model obtained by the structural model construction device 3.
6, a simulated operation unit 47 for operating the hydraulic state calculation unit 44, the horizontal dispersion unit 45, and the vertical dispersion unit 46 a predetermined number of times to obtain a horizontal dispersion state and a vertical dispersion state of water quality; The hydraulic state calculation unit 44, the horizontal dispersion unit 4
5. After a predetermined period of time obtained by operating the vertical dispersion unit 46 a predetermined number of times, a delivery water quality determination unit 48 that determines the water quality at a predetermined location, and a water quality at the predetermined location determined by the delivery water quality determination unit 48. When it is determined that the water quality deteriorates, the delivery time calculation unit 49 that calculates the time until the water quality of the predetermined location deteriorates is used based on the number of times of operation of the simulated operation unit 47. Based on the measured results obtained and the optimized river structure model, for the flowing part of the river, the hydraulic state after a predetermined time from the present time, the water quality dispersion state in the horizontal direction, and the water quality dispersion state in the vertical direction are predicted. Thus, the water quality at a predetermined point in the river, for example, at the intake point, can be determined, and when the water quality deteriorates upstream of the river, the degree of influence on the water quality at the intake point and the time until the influence is obtained. Etc. it is possible to accurately predict the.

In this embodiment, the hydraulic condition calculating section 44 includes a water surface gradient setting circuit 39 for setting the water surface gradient of the water flowing through the river, and a water surface gradient set by the water surface gradient setting circuit 39. A dispersion coefficient calculation circuit 4 for obtaining a lateral dispersion coefficient in a river cross section direction and a longitudinal dispersion coefficient in a flowing direction based on the river structure model obtained by the structure model construction device 3.
0 and a flow pipe velocity calculation circuit 41 for determining the flow velocity of each flow pipe based on the river structure model obtained by the structural model construction device 3
And the flow velocity of each flow pipe obtained by the flow pipe flow velocity calculation circuit 41, the lateral dispersion coefficient obtained by the dispersion coefficient calculation circuit 40, the vertical dispersion coefficient in the downflow direction, and the river structure obtained by the structural model construction device 3. Based on the model, a dispersion constant circuit 42 for obtaining the horizontal dispersion constant and the vertical dispersion constant of each flow tube, and a concentration inheritance calculation circuit 43 for making the water quality of each flow tube adjacent in the downstream direction continuous are used. , Based on the measurement results obtained by measuring the river and the optimized river structure model, for the flowing water portion of the river, the water surface gradient, the transverse dispersion coefficient in the cross section direction, the longitudinal dispersion coefficient in the flowing direction, The flow velocity of the flow pipe, the transverse dispersion constant in the cross-sectional direction, and the longitudinal dispersion constant in the down flow direction can be obtained, and the water quality of each of the flow pipes adjacent in the down flow direction is made continuous, and the water quality of the river after a predetermined time from the present time is Predetermined point, for example water intake Water quality can be accurately determined at the point when the water quality in the upstream of the river due to this deteriorated, influence on the quality of water intake point and time to effect comes out can be accurately predicted.

In this embodiment, one of the output devices is used.
When the water quality flow state obtained by the simulation device 4 is displayed by the state display device 5, the contour line form or the color scale is displayed on the plan view of the river or the river structure model obtained by the structure model construction device 3. Simulator 4 in key tone display format
Is displayed, the water quality distribution after a predetermined time obtained by simulating the flowing portion of the river can be presented to the operator in an easy-to-understand format. When the water quality deteriorates upstream of the river, the degree of influence on the water quality at the intake point, the time until the effect is obtained, etc. are accurately grasped, and the optimum measures are taken.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the river structure model defining unit 12 includes a flow tube number determining circuit configured by a basic flow tube number determining circuit, a merging tube number determining circuit, a branch flow tube number determining circuit, and the like. 23 and a flow pipe flow rate determination circuit 24 composed of a basic flow pipe flow rate determination circuit, a merged flow pipe flow rate determination circuit, a split flow pipe flow rate determination circuit, and the like. In the case of a river having only the main stream, any one of the river cross-sectional shape data and the river cross-sectional position data obtained by the river cross-sectional shape record management unit 11 as the river structure model definition unit 12 or a measuring device 2 for determining the number of tubes in the river structure model based on either the water level or river width obtained in Step 2
3 and a flow pipe flow rate determination circuit 24 for obtaining the flow pipe flow rate of the river structure model based on the number of flow pipes of the river structure model obtained by the flow pipe number determination circuit 13 and the amount of water obtained by the measuring device. You may use it.

In this way, the number of flow pipes and the flow rate of the flow pipes necessary for simulating the flowing water portion of the river can be optimized based on the measurement result obtained by measuring the river. Not only can the time and effort required to create a structural model be reduced to almost zero, but when the water level, water volume, etc. of a river fluctuates, the structural model of the river is automatically created according to these changes. By optimizing, it is possible to accurately predict a change in water quality, a change in water amount, and the like of a river to be managed.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the flow channel determination unit 13 includes the flow rate distribution calculation circuit 25, the flow pipe variable conversion circuit 29, the flow pipe coefficient calculation circuit 39, and the first flow path determination circuit 3
0, the second flow path determination circuit 31 and the third flow path determination circuit 32 are used. However, if the river to be managed is a river having only a main flow part, the flow path determination unit 13 A flow distribution calculation circuit for obtaining a flow distribution in a river cross section direction based on the number of flow pipes, the flow pipe flow obtained by the river structure model definition unit 12 and any of the water volume, water level, and river width output from the measuring device 2 25, a flow pipe variable conversion circuit 29 for obtaining a flow pipe width and a flow pipe water depth of each flow pipe based on the flow distribution obtained by the flow distribution calculation circuit 25, and a flow pipe variable conversion circuit 29 obtained by the flow pipe variable conversion circuit 29. Based on the flow tube width and flow tube depth of each flow tube,
A flow tube coefficient calculation circuit 38 for obtaining a flow tube coefficient may be used.

Even in this case, based on the measurement results obtained by measuring the river, the cross-sectional flow distribution in the cross-section of the river necessary for simulating the flowing part of the river, the width of the flow pipe of each flow pipe, the flow Optimizes pipe water depth, flow pipe coefficient, etc., thereby not only reducing the time and effort required to create a structural model to almost zero, but also automatically building the river structural model according to river water level fluctuations, water volume fluctuations, etc. Optimized
It is possible to accurately predict changes in water quality, water volume, etc., of the river being managed.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the predetermined constant “I” obtained from the measurement result measured in advance by the water surface gradient setting circuit 39 provided in the hydraulic state calculation unit 44 of the simulation device 4. Is set as the water surface gradient of the flow cross section. However, for each gradient number “i” obtained from the measurement result of the river width measuring mechanism 9 of the measuring device 2, for example, the inclination gradient obtained by other methods. flowing water boundary altitude shown left bank elevation _"E (X _L)", the right bank elevation _"E (X R)" tilt gradient falling direction obtained by comparing or flow flow cross-section depth calculated cross-sectional shape calculation circuit 19, Left bank boundary riverbed height “H” indicating the flowing water boundary elevation for each downstream number “i” obtained by the circuit 16
(X _L ) ”and the right bank boundary riverbed height“ H (X _R ) ”may be used as the water surface gradient, etc.

In this manner, similarly to the above-described water surface gradient setting circuit 39, the water surface gradient of the river can be optimized.

[0101]

As described above, according to the present invention, in the river management system according to the first aspect, a structural model of a river can be automatically created, and thereby the time and labor required for creating the structural model can be obtained. Not only can be minimized, but also depending on river water level fluctuations, water volume fluctuations, etc.
The structural model of the river can be automatically updated, so that even if the water level, water volume, etc. of the managed river fluctuates, the water quality changes of the managed river,
It is possible to accurately predict a change in the amount of water and the like.

In the river management system according to the second aspect, it is possible to accurately measure the river width of the river to be managed, thereby increasing the accuracy when creating a river structural model and the accuracy when updating the river. While automatically improving the structural model of the river, the time and effort required to create the structural model can be reduced to almost zero.
Automatically updates the structural model of the river in response to fluctuations in water volume, etc., and changes in the water quality, water volume, etc. of the river being managed even if the water level, water volume, etc. of the river being managed fluctuates Can be accurately predicted.

In the river management system according to the third aspect, the river cross-sectional shape, the number of flow pipes, the flow pipe flow rate, and the flow rate required for simulating the flowing part of the river based on the measurement result obtained by measuring the river. Automatically create pipe depth, flow pipe width, etc.
It can be updated, which not only reduces the time and effort required to create a structural model to almost zero, but also automatically optimizes the river structural model according to river water level fluctuations, water volume fluctuations, etc. It is possible to accurately predict changes in water quality, water quantity, etc., of the river being managed.

In the river management system according to the fourth aspect, based on the measurement result obtained by measuring the river, the river cross-sectional shape data and the river cross-sectional position data necessary for simulating the flowing part of the river are automatically obtained. Not only can the time and effort required to create a structural model be reduced to almost zero,
By automatically optimizing the structural model of the river according to the fluctuation of the water level and the amount of water of the river, it is possible to accurately predict the water quality change and the water amount change of the river to be managed.

In the river management system according to the fifth aspect, the number of flow pipes and the flow rate of the flow pipes necessary for simulating the flowing water portion of the river can be optimized based on the measurement result obtained by measuring the river. This not only reduces the time and effort required to create a structural model to almost zero, but also changes the river's structural model in response to changes in the water level, water volume, etc., of the river. By automatically optimizing, it is possible to accurately predict changes in water quality, water amount, and the like of the river being managed.

In the river management system of the present invention, the number of main pipes, the number of flow pipes, and the number of flow pipes on the merging side required to simulate the flowing water portion of the river based on the measurement results obtained by measuring the river. It is possible to optimize the number of flow pipes, the flow pipe flow rate, the number of flow pipes on the diverting side, and the flow pipe flow rate.This allows structural models for not only rivers in the main stream but also rivers with confluence and diverging rivers. The time and labor required to create the river can be reduced to almost zero, and the structural model of the river is automatically optimized according to the fluctuations in the water level and water volume of the river, and the Water quality changes, water volume changes, etc. can be accurately predicted.

According to the river management system of the present invention, based on the measurement result obtained by measuring the river, the cross-sectional flow distribution in the river cross-sectional direction necessary for simulating the flowing part of the river, the flow pipe of each flow pipe, The width, flow pipe water depth, flow pipe coefficient, etc. can be optimized, which not only reduces the time and effort required to create a structural model to almost zero, but also reduces fluctuations in river water level, water volume, etc. Accordingly, the structural model of the river can be automatically optimized, and a change in water quality, a change in the amount of water, and the like of the river being managed can be accurately predicted.

According to the river management system of the present invention, based on the measurement result obtained by measuring the river, the cross-sectional flow distribution on the main flow side necessary for simulating the flowing water portion of the river, the flow pipe width of each flow pipe, , Flow pipe depth, flow pipe coefficient, cross-sectional flow distribution on the merging side, flow pipe width of each flow pipe, flow pipe depth, flow pipe coefficient, cross-sectional flow distribution on the branch side, flow pipe width of each flow pipe, flow pipe depth It is possible to optimize the flow pipe coefficient, which can reduce the time and effort required to create a structural model to almost zero for not only rivers in the main stream but also rivers with confluence and divergent rivers. In addition to this, it is possible to automatically optimize the river structure model according to river water level fluctuations, water volume fluctuations, etc., and accurately predict changes in water quality, water volume, etc. of the river being managed .

In the river management system according to the ninth aspect, based on the measurement result obtained by measuring the river and the optimized river structure model, the hydraulic part of the flowing water of the river at a predetermined time after the present time is obtained. State, water quality dispersion state in the horizontal direction, water quality dispersion state in the vertical direction is predicted, and the water quality at a predetermined point of the river, for example, a water intake point, can be determined, whereby when the water quality deteriorates upstream of the river, It is possible to accurately predict the degree of influence on the water quality at the intake point, the time until the influence appears, and the like.

In the river management system according to the tenth aspect, based on the measurement result obtained by measuring the river and the optimized river structure model, the running water portion of the river is subjected to a water surface gradient and a transverse cross section. Dispersion coefficient, Downstream longitudinal dispersion coefficient,
The flow velocity of each flow tube, the transverse dispersion constant in the cross-sectional direction, and the longitudinal dispersion constant in the down flow direction can be obtained, and the water quality of each flow tube adjacent in the down flow direction is made continuous, and the river at a predetermined time after the present time is The water quality at a given point, for example, the intake point, can be accurately determined.When the water quality deteriorates upstream of the river, the degree of influence on the water quality at the intake point, the time until the effect appears, etc. can be accurately predicted. Can be done.

In the river management system according to the eleventh aspect, the water quality distribution after a predetermined period of time obtained by simulating the flowing water portion of the river can be presented to the operator in an easy-to-understand format. When the water quality deteriorates, the degree of influence on the water quality at the water intake point, the time until the influence appears, and the like can be accurately grasped, and the optimum treatment can be taken.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a river management system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a detailed circuit configuration example of a flow cross-section shape calculation circuit illustrated in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a detailed circuit configuration example of a river cross-sectional shape record update circuit shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a detailed circuit configuration example of a flow tube variable conversion circuit illustrated in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a detailed circuit configuration example of the flow tube coefficient calculation circuit shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a detailed circuit configuration example of a hydraulic state calculation unit illustrated in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an operation example of the simulation device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a river managed by the river management system shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a river managed by the river management system shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing an example of a two-dimensional river water quality prediction system which is a basic principle of the present invention.

11 is a cross-sectional view of a river to be subjected to water quality prediction by the two-dimensional river water quality prediction system shown in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a first simulation result performed using the two-dimensional river water quality prediction system shown in FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 is a graph showing a water intake concentration obtained from a first simulation result performed using the two-dimensional river water quality prediction system shown in FIG. 10;

FIG. 14 is a table showing the results of a first simulation performed using the two-dimensional river water quality prediction system shown in FIG. 10;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating a result of a second simulation performed using the two-dimensional river water quality prediction system illustrated in FIG. 10;

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating a result of a third simulation performed using the two-dimensional river water quality prediction system illustrated in FIG. 10;

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: River management system 2: Measurement device 3: Structural model construction device 4: Simulator device 5: Status display device 6: Transmission device 7: Flow rate measurement mechanism 8: Water level measurement mechanism 9: River width measurement mechanism 10: Poison detection mechanism 11: River cross-section shape record management unit 12: River structure model definition unit 13: Flow channel determination unit 14: River cross-section record storage circuit 15: Flow cross-section shape data conversion circuit 16: Flow cross-section water depth calculation circuit 17: Flow cross-section river width calculation Circuit 18: Flow cross section boundary calculation circuit 19: Cross section shape calculation circuit 20: River width comparison circuit 21: River cross section shape data correction circuit 22: River cross section shape record updating circuit 23: Flow pipe number determination circuit 24: Flow pipe flow rate determination Circuit 25: Flow distribution calculation circuit 26: Flow pipe position calculation circuit 27: Flow pipe width calculation circuit 28: Flow pipe water depth calculation circuit 29: Flow pipe variable conversion circuit 30: First flow path determination circuit 31 Second flow path determination circuit 32: Second flow path determination circuit 33: Flow section boundary position calculation circuit 34: Flow surface boundary shape calculation circuit 35: Flow surface boundary length calculation circuit 36: Flow pipe length calculation circuit 37: Flow pipe length ratio calculation Circuit 38: Flow pipe coefficient calculation circuit 39: Water surface gradient setting circuit 40: Dispersion coefficient calculation circuit 41: Flow pipe flow velocity calculation circuit 42: Flow pipe flow velocity calculation circuit 43: Concentration inheritance calculation circuit 44: Hydraulic state calculation unit 45: Horizontal Dispersing unit 46: Vertical dispersing unit 47: Simulated operating unit 48: Delivery water quality calculation unit 49: Delivery time calculation unit 50: Display 51: River drawing unit 52: Status display unit 53: Input unit 54: Storage unit 55: Output unit 57: Simulated operation unit

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued from the front page (72) Yoshikazu Tonozuka, Inventor 1 Toshiba-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo Inside the Fuchu Plant, Toshiba Corporation (72) Mitsuru Takatsu 1-1-1, Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Toshiba Corporation In the office (72) Inventor Hiroki Tsukui 1-1-1, Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo F-term in the head office of Toshiba Corporation (reference) 5B049 AA06 BB05 CC00 DD05 EE01 EE41 FF01 FF09 GG02 GG07

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A measuring device that is disposed at each location of a river to be managed and measures any of water quality, water amount, water level, and river width of the river, and a water amount, water level, and river width output from the measuring device. A structural model construction device that constructs a river structure model of the river based on any of the above, and flows through the river based on the river structure model constructed by the structural model construction device and water quality output from the measurement device. A simulation device for calculating the water quality flow state of water; and an output device for performing either a process of displaying the water quality flow status obtained by the simulation device or a process of transmitting to a designated transmission destination. A river management system characterized by the following. 2. The river management system according to claim 1, wherein the measuring device is attached to a predetermined portion of a river structure provided in the river as a mechanism for measuring a river width, and is provided from a water surface boundary side of the river. A light receiver that receives light, a scan driver that switches the light receiving direction by scanning the light receiver, and a water surface boundary of the river based on a light reception result obtained by scanning the light receiver with the scan driver. A river management system, comprising: a boundary position calculation circuit to be obtained; and a river width calculation circuit to obtain a river width of the river based on a calculation result of the boundary position calculation circuit. 3. The river management system according to claim 1, wherein the structural model construction device is configured to output river cross-sectional shape data based on any of a water amount, a water level, and a river width output from the measurement device. The river cross-section shape record management unit that updates any of the river cross-section position data, and the river cross-section shape data and the river cross-section position data obtained by the river cross-section shape record management unit. The number of water pipes, a river structure model definition unit that determines the flow pipe flow rate, and the number of flow pipes defined by the river structure model definition unit, the flow pipe flow rate, the amount of water output from the measurement device, the water level, A river management system, comprising: a flow line determining unit that obtains a flow tube depth and a flow line width of each flow line based on any of the river widths. 4. The river management system according to claim 3, wherein the river cross-sectional shape record management unit stores a river cross-sectional shape data and a river cross-sectional position data of the river. A flow section shape calculation circuit for calculating a flow section shape in a river lateral direction based on any of the amount of water output from the measurement device, the water level, and the river width, and a flow section shape obtained by the flow section shape calculation circuit, Compare the river cross-sectional shape data stored in the river cross-section record storage circuit, these flow cross-sectional shape, when the difference between the river cross-sectional shape data exceeds a predetermined range, based on the flow cross-sectional shape A river cross-sectional shape data stored in the river cross-sectional record storage circuit, and a river cross-sectional shape record updating circuit for updating any of the river cross-sectional position data. River management system. 5. The river management system according to claim 3, wherein the river structure model definition unit is one of river cross-sectional shape data and river cross-sectional position data obtained by the river cross-sectional shape record management unit. , Or a water level obtained by the measuring device, a flow pipe number determination circuit for obtaining the number of flow pipes of the river structure model based on any of the river width, and a flow pipe of the river structure model obtained by the flow pipe number determination circuit A river management system, comprising: a flow pipe flow rate determining circuit for obtaining a flow pipe flow rate of a river structure model based on the number and the water volume obtained by the measurement device. 6. The river management system according to claim 5, wherein the number of flow pipes determining circuit is one of river cross-sectional shape data and river cross-sectional position data obtained by the river cross-sectional shape record management unit. Or a water level obtained by the measuring device, based on any of the river width, a basic flow pipe number determination circuit for obtaining the number of flow pipes of the river which is the main part of the river structure model, and the river cross-sectional shape record management unit Based on either the obtained river cross-sectional shape data, the river cross-sectional position data, or the water level obtained by the measurement device, or the river width, the number of flow pipes of the river joining the confluence point of the river structure model Confluence pipe number determination circuit to determine, the river cross-sectional shape data obtained by the river cross-sectional shape record management unit, any of the river cross-sectional position data, or the water level obtained by the measurement device,
A branch pipe number determining circuit for determining the number of flow pipes of the river that diverges from the branch point of the river structure model based on any of the river widths.The flow pipe flow rate determining circuit is obtained by the flow pipe number determining circuit. A basic flow pipe flow determining circuit for obtaining a flow pipe flow of a river which is a main stream part of the river structure model based on the obtained number of flow pipes and the water amount obtained by the measuring device; Based on the determined number of flow pipes and the amount of water obtained by the measuring device, a merged pipe flow rate determination circuit for determining a flow pipe flow rate of a river that merges with a junction of the river structure model; and And a branch pipe flow rate determining circuit for determining a flow pipe flow rate of a river flowing from a branch point of the river structure model based on the obtained number of flow pipes and the amount of water obtained by the measurement device. And river management system. 7. The river management system according to claim 3, wherein the flow pipe determination unit is configured to determine the number of flow pipes, the flow pipe flow rate obtained by the river structure model definition unit, and the amount of water output from the measurement device. , Water level, or river width, a flow distribution calculation circuit that determines the flow distribution in the river cross section direction, based on the flow distribution obtained by this flow distribution calculation circuit, the flow pipe width of each flow pipe,
Based on the flow pipe variable conversion circuit for obtaining the flow pipe water depth and the flow pipe width and flow pipe depth of each flow pipe obtained by this flow pipe variable conversion circuit,
A river management system, comprising: a flow pipe coefficient calculation circuit for obtaining a flow pipe coefficient. 8. The river management system according to claim 3, wherein the flow pipe determining unit determines the number of flow pipes, the flow pipe flow rate obtained by the river structure model definition unit, and the amount of water output from the measuring device. , Water level, or river width, a flow distribution calculation circuit that determines the flow distribution in the river cross section direction, based on the flow distribution obtained by this flow distribution calculation circuit, the flow pipe width of each flow pipe,
Based on the flow pipe variable conversion circuit for obtaining the flow pipe water depth and the flow pipe width and flow pipe depth of each flow pipe obtained by this flow pipe variable conversion circuit,
The flow pipe coefficient calculation circuit for obtaining the flow pipe coefficient, the flow distribution calculation circuit, and the flow pipe variable conversion circuit are operated to correspond to the number of flow pipes of the river which is the main stream part of the river structure model and the flow pipe flow rate. The main stream flow path determining circuit for obtaining the flow pipe water depth and the flow pipe width of the main flow section, the flow distribution calculation circuit, and the flow pipe variable conversion circuit are operated, and the flow of the river that joins the confluence point of the river structure model is operated. The number of pipes, the depth of the flow pipe at the junction corresponding to the flow rate of the flow pipe, the merge flow path determination circuit for obtaining the flow pipe width, the flow rate distribution calculation circuit, and the flow pipe variable conversion circuit are operated to operate the river structure model. A river management system, comprising: a branch flow path determination circuit that determines a flow pipe depth and a flow pipe width of a branch section corresponding to a flow pipe flow rate, the number of flow pipes of a river that diverges from a diverting point. 9. The river management system according to claim 3, wherein the simulation device uses a river structure model obtained by the structure model construction device and water quality and flow rate obtained by the measurement device, A hydraulic state calculation unit for obtaining a hydraulic state of the water flowing through the river, a horizontal dispersion unit for obtaining a water quality dispersion state in a horizontal direction of the river based on the river structure model obtained by the structural model construction device, and the structural model construction Based on the river structure model obtained by the device, the vertical dispersion unit that determines the water quality dispersion state in the vertical direction of the river, and the hydraulic state calculation unit, the horizontal dispersion unit, and the vertical dispersion unit are operated a predetermined number of times, and the horizontal A simulated operating unit for obtaining the dispersion state and the longitudinal dispersion state, and a predetermined time obtained by operating the hydraulic state calculation unit, the horizontal dispersion unit, and the vertical dispersion unit a predetermined number of times by the simulated operation unit, and at a predetermined position. The water quality of When the water quality at the predetermined location is determined to be degraded by the flow-through water quality determination unit and the flow-through water quality determination unit, the time until the water quality at the predetermined location is degraded is determined based on the number of operations of the simulated operation unit. A river management system, comprising: a required delivery time calculation unit; 10. The river management system according to claim 8, wherein the hydraulic condition calculation unit is configured by a water surface gradient setting circuit that sets a water surface gradient of water flowing through the river, and the water surface gradient setting circuit. A dispersion coefficient calculation circuit for obtaining a horizontal dispersion coefficient in a river cross-sectional direction and a longitudinal dispersion coefficient in a flowing direction based on the water surface gradient obtained and the river structure model obtained by the structural model building device; Based on the obtained river structure model, a flow tube flow velocity calculation circuit for obtaining the flow velocity of each flow pipe, the flow velocity of each flow pipe obtained by the flow pipe flow velocity calculation circuit, the lateral dispersion coefficient obtained by the dispersion coefficient calculation circuit A vertical dispersion coefficient in the downstream direction, a dispersion constant circuit for calculating the horizontal dispersion constant and the vertical dispersion constant of each flow tube based on the river structure model obtained by the structural model construction apparatus, Continuous water quality River management system characterized by comprising a, a concentration inheritance calculating circuit for. 11. The river management system according to claim 1, wherein the output device obtains a water quality flow state obtained by the simulation device on a plan view of the river or a structural model construction device. A water quality flow state obtained by the simulation device in a contour line format or a color gradation display format on the obtained river structure model.