JP2001098646A - Building unit, unit building, and building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve daylighting effect to a lower-floor part. SOLUTION: In the building unit where a framework frame 4 is formed by a plurality of pillars 1 and beams 2 and 3 for connecting the pillars 1, a daylighting breathing space 7 where four surrounding surfaces are surrounded by a wall 5 and a daylighting breathing opening 6 is provided on an upper surface is formed inside the framework frame 4, a wall part daylighting breathing surface 8 is provided at least at one surface out of the four surrounding walls 5, at the same time a room space 10 that is adjacent to the daylighting breathing space 7 and has at least a ceiling surface 9 is provided inside the framework frame 4. In the building unit, a ceiling part daylighting breathing surface 12 is provided at a part adjacent to the daylighting breathing opening 6 on the ceiling surface 9 of the room space 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building unit, a unit building, and a building capable of improving a lighting effect on a lower floor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, houses are often provided with openings mainly on the south side in order to secure daylighting. Often small openings are provided. For this reason, basic functions, such as daylighting and ventilation, which are originally required for a house, often cannot be obtained especially in a room on the north side.

Therefore, conventionally, a courtyard or a building having a stairwell is easily constructed by forming a courtyard inside a building unit at a factory in advance and arranging the building unit at the site using a unit construction method. , A living room adjacent to the courtyard,
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-239864 has proposed a technique for obtaining daylight ventilation in a passage or the like.

[0004]

However, in such a conventional unit building, only a small courtyard or a stairwell can be formed in the building unit. It has been difficult to introduce sufficient light into the space adjacent to the building. In particular, in winter when the sun altitude is low, or in the morning or evening, the lighting effect of the first floor was hardly expected.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a building unit, a unit building and a building capable of solving the above-mentioned problems and improving the lighting effect on a lower floor.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building unit, comprising a plurality of columns and a beam connecting the columns to form a frame. A light-receiving ventilation space is formed inside the skeleton frame in which four surrounding surfaces are surrounded by walls and a light-receiving ventilation opening is formed on the upper surface, and a wall-light receiving ventilation surface is provided on at least one of the four peripheral walls, In a building unit provided with a room space having at least a ceiling surface adjacent to the lighting ventilation space inside a skeleton frame, a portion of the ceiling surface of the room space adjacent to the lighting ventilation opening,
It features a ceiling lighting ventilation surface.

According to the thus constructed building unit, the lighting ventilation of the room space provided adjacent to the lighting ventilation space on the lower floor is performed by the wall lighting ventilation surface and the ceiling lighting ventilation. Good use is ensured by the combined use with the ventilation surface. Here, the lighting ventilation refers to at least one of lighting and ventilation, preferably both lighting and ventilation.

[0008] In the building unit described in claim 2,
A light diffusion plate is provided on the ceiling lighting ventilation surface.

According to the thus constructed building unit, the light diffusion plate is provided on the ceiling lighting ventilation surface, whereby natural light can be radiated to the interior of the room. The space can always be brightened over a wide area.

[0010] In the unit building according to the third aspect,
At least one louver having reflection characteristics or half-mirror characteristics is provided on the ceiling lighting ventilation surface.

According to the unit building having the above-mentioned structure, at least one louver having a reflection characteristic or a half-mirror characteristic is provided on the ceiling lighting ventilation surface.
The provision of the individual pieces allows natural light irradiation to be performed to the back of the room space, and the room space can always be brightened over a wide range.

[0012] In the unit building according to claim 4,
An upper-floor lighting ventilation space having an upper-floor lighting ventilation opening whose inner surface is surrounded by walls on the four sides and has an upper-floor lighting ventilation opening having a size corresponding to the lighting ventilation opening and the ceiling lighting ventilation surface on the upper surface. An upper-floor building unit provided with:
And a stacked unit disposed above the building unit described in any one of the above.

According to the unit building according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the building unit is provided with a lighting ventilation space in the factory in advance, so that a unit building having a lighting ventilation space can be easily constructed. In addition, in order to arrange the lighting ventilation space with a step between the upper floor and the lower floor and to form a ceiling lighting ventilation surface in advance on the ceiling surface of the lower-floor building unit having the step, the lower floor portion Brightness can be secured. Opening the ceiling lighting ventilation surface also facilitates ventilation of the lower floor. Therefore, it is possible to provide a unit building with a courtyard with good lighting and ventilation to the lower floor.

[0014] In the unit building according to the fifth aspect,
A lighting device integrated with the mounting frame is provided so as to be retrofittable to the upper floor lighting ventilation opening of the upper floor building unit.

According to the unit building according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, only the mounting frame is attached to the upper floor lighting ventilation opening of the upper floor building unit.
The daylighting device integrated with the mounting frame can be easily retrofitted.

[0016] In the unit building according to claim 6,
The upper floor building unit has a light diffuser that can be adjusted to the optimum light irradiation angle according to the size of the upper floor lighting ventilation opening, and a lighting device that can track sunlight is installed in the upper floor lighting ventilation opening. It is characterized by having.

According to the unit building according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the daylighting device adjusts an optimal light irradiation angle according to the size of the upper-level lighting ventilation opening of the upper-floor building unit. By having a configuration capable of tracking sunlight while having a possible light diffusing means, it is possible to perform optimal natural light irradiation regardless of the season or time.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the upper floor has an upper floor lighting ventilation space in which the upper four floors are surrounded by walls, and the lower four floors are surrounded by the walls. It has a lower floor lighting ventilation space, the upper floor lighting ventilation space communicates with the lower floor lighting ventilation space, and the ceiling surface of the room space adjacent to the lower floor lighting ventilation space has an upper floor lighting ventilation space. It features a ceiling lighting ventilation surface facing the space.

According to the thus constructed building according to claim 7, the daylighting ventilation space is arranged with a step between the upper floor and the lower floor, and the ceiling surface of the lower-floor building unit having the step is formed. Since the ceiling lighting ventilation surface is formed in advance, the brightness of the lower floor can be ensured. Opening the ceiling lighting ventilation surface also facilitates ventilation of the lower floor. Therefore, it is possible to provide a unit building with a courtyard with good lighting and ventilation to the lower floor.

[0020]

First Embodiment A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention.

First, the structure will be described. In the first embodiment, first, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of (four in FIG. 1) columns 1 are connected to the upper ends of these columns 1. A plurality of (four in FIG. 1) beams 2 and a plurality of (four in FIG. 1) beams 3 connecting the lower ends of the columns 1 form a substantially box-shaped frame 4.

Inside the frame 4, a lighting ventilation space 7 is formed which is surrounded by walls 5 on the periphery and has a lighting ventilation opening 6 on the upper surface. Then, at least one of the four walls 5 (three in FIG. 1) is provided with an openable and closable wall portion ventilation surface 8 such as a sash window. Further, a room space 10 adjacent to the lighting ventilation space 7 and having at least a ceiling surface 9 is provided inside the frame 4. Thus, the lower floor building unit 11 is configured. In FIG. 1, the lighting ventilation space 7 and the room space 10 are
The skeleton frame 4 is divided into two parts by a wall 5 extending in the short side direction at the middle part of the skeleton frame 4 in the long side direction.
May be partitioned by a wall extending in the long side direction at an intermediate portion in the short side direction.

In the ceiling surface 9 of the room space 10, a portion of the ceiling surface 9 adjacent to the lighting ventilation opening 6 is provided with an openable ceiling lighting ventilation surface 12 such as a sash window.

As shown in FIG. 2, four frames are surrounded by walls 5 inside a frame 4 similar to the lower-floor building unit 11, and the lighting opening 6 and the ceiling lighting are provided on the upper surface. An upper-floor building unit 15 including an upper-floor lighting ventilation space 14 having an upper-floor lighting ventilation opening 13 corresponding to the size of the ventilation surface 12 is provided. The portion other than the upper floor lighting ventilation space 14 of the upper floor building unit 15 is a room space 16 or the like.

Then, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.
7, the lower-floor portion 23 is configured by combining the lower-floor building unit 11 and the normal building units 18 to 22 so that the lighting ventilation space 7 is located substantially at the center and serves as a courtyard or the like. . For example, the building unit 18 is a kitchen, the lower-floor building unit 11 is a dining room, and the building unit 19 is a living room. The building unit 20 is a bathroom, the building unit 21 is an entrance, and the building unit 22 is a guest room. The building unit 22 has a full-size building unit 22a and a half-size building unit 22b to form a large space.
And are combined. In addition, lighting ventilation space 7
A waterproof pan or the like (not shown) may be installed at the bottom portion of the device.

Further, an upper floor building unit 15 and a normal building unit 24 are stacked and arranged on the lower floor part 23 to form an upper floor part 25, and a unit building 26 is constructed. At this time, the upper-floor building units 15 are stacked and arranged above the lower-floor building units 11, and the upper-floor lighting ventilation space 14 is positioned above the lighting ventilation opening 6 and the ceiling lighting ventilation surface 12. To As a result, a step corresponding to the ceiling lighting ventilation surface 12 is formed between the lighting ventilation space 7 and the upper floor lighting ventilation space 14. In FIG. 3, the unit building 26 has the second floor, but may have a configuration of three or more floors.

In the figure, the symbol a indicates light and the symbol b indicates wind. Here, the lighting ventilation refers to at least one of lighting and ventilation, preferably both lighting and ventilation.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.

In the lower-floor building unit 11, the lighting ventilation of the room space 10 provided adjacent to the lighting ventilation space 7 on the lower floor is performed in combination with the wall lighting ventilation surface 8 and the ceiling lighting ventilation surface 12. Thereby, it is ensured well. In particular, since light can be obtained directly through the ceiling lighting ventilation surface 12, a sufficient amount of light is secured.

Also, the lower floor building unit 11 is provided with a lighting ventilation space 7 at the factory in advance, and the upper floor building unit 15 is provided with the upper floor lighting ventilation space 14 at the factory in advance. The unit building 26 can be easily constructed, and the lighting ventilation space 7 and the upper floor lighting ventilation space 14 are arranged so as to have a step between the upper floor and the lower floor. Since the ceiling lighting ventilation surface 12 is formed on the ceiling surface 9 of the building unit 11 in advance, the brightness of the lower floor portion 23 can be ensured. Opening the ceiling lighting ventilation surface 12 also facilitates ventilation of the lower floor.
Therefore, it is possible to provide the unit building 26 with the courtyard having good lighting and ventilation to the lower floor.

[0032]

Second Embodiment FIGS. 5 and 6 show a second embodiment of the present invention. Note that the same or equivalent parts as those in the first embodiment are described with the same reference numerals.

First, the structure will be described. In the second embodiment, a lighting device 28 integrated with a mounting frame 27 is provided for the upper floor lighting ventilation opening 13 of the upper floor building unit 15. This lighting device 28 can be retrofitted. At this time, the mounting frame 27 has a shape (in this case, a rectangular shape) corresponding to the peripheral portion of the upper floor lighting ventilation opening 13, and is attached to the upper floor lighting ventilation opening 13.
Can be fitted. The lighting device 28 is disposed at the center of the mounting frame 27 via the support frame 29.

The daylighting device 28 has a light diffusion panel 30 (light diffusion means) which can be adjusted to an optimum light irradiation angle according to the size of the upper floor daylight ventilation opening 13 of the upper floor building unit 15. , A timer or a sensor (not shown) can be provided to track the sunlight.

Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be described.

In the second embodiment, by simply attaching the mounting frame 27 to the upper floor lighting ventilation opening 13 of the building unit 15 for the upper floor, the lighting device 28 integrated with the mounting frame 27 can be easily assembled. It can be retrofitted. Note that even if the lighting device 28 has a different shape or the like,
Only by changing the inside of the mounting frame 27, changes in the configuration of the roof and the like are small, and parts can be shared.

Further, the daylighting device 28 has a light diffusion panel 30 which can be adjusted to an optimum light irradiation angle in accordance with the size of the upper floor daylight ventilation opening 13 of the upper floor building unit 15 and the sunlight Is configured to be able to track, so that optimal natural light irradiation can be performed regardless of the season or time.

The other parts have the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, and the same operation and effect can be obtained.

[0039]

Third Embodiment FIGS. 7 and 8 show a third embodiment of the present invention. The same or equivalent parts as those in the first and second embodiments will be described with the same reference numerals.

First, the structure will be described. In the third embodiment, a light diffusing plate 31 such as a prism is provided on the ceiling lighting ventilation surface 12 of the lower floor building unit 11.

Next, the operation of the third embodiment will be described.

In the third embodiment, the light diffusion plate 3 is provided on the ceiling lighting ventilation surface 12 of the lower floor building unit 11.
By providing 1, the natural light can be radiated to the interior of the lower-floor room space 10, and the lower-floor room space 10 can always be brightened over a wide range.

Parts other than the above have the same construction as those of the first and second embodiments, and have the same functions and effects.
The effect can be obtained.

[0044]

Fourth Embodiment FIGS. 9 and 10 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The first embodiment
Portions that are the same or equivalent to the portions 3 to 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals and described.

First, the structure will be described. In the fourth embodiment, at least one louver 32 having a reflection characteristic or a half mirror characteristic is provided directly under the ceiling lighting ventilation surface 12 in the building unit on the lower floor. The angle is adjustable.

Next, the operation of the fourth embodiment will be described.

In the fourth embodiment, immediately below the ceiling lighting ventilation surface 12 in the building unit 11 for lower floors,
Louver 32 having reflection characteristics or half mirror characteristics
Is provided, the room space 10 on the lower floor is provided.
, Natural light irradiation can be performed to the back of the room, and the room space 10 on the lower floor can always be brightened over a wide area.

Parts other than the above have the same construction as those of the first to third embodiments, and have the same functions and effects.
The effect can be obtained.

[0049]

[Modification] FIG. 11 shows a modification of the fourth embodiment. In the case where the ceiling lighting ventilation surface 12 is inclined, the louvers 32 are also inclined according to the inclination of the ceiling lighting ventilation surface 12. Things.

The other parts than the above have the same construction as the fourth embodiment, and the same operation and effect can be obtained.

[0051]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the lighting ventilation in the room space provided adjacent to the lighting ventilation space on the lower floor includes the wall lighting ventilation surface and the ceiling. Good use is ensured by the combined use with the lighting ventilation surface.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the provision of the light diffusing plate on the ceiling lighting ventilation surface allows natural light to be radiated to the interior of the room, so that the room is always brightened over a wide area. Can be.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, at least one louver having a reflection characteristic or a half-mirror characteristic is provided on the ceiling ventilation surface, so that natural light can be radiated deep into the room. The room space can always be brightened over a wide area.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since a lighting ventilation space is provided in a factory in advance in a building unit, a unit building having a lighting ventilation space can be easily constructed, and
Arrange the lighting ventilation space with a step between the upper floor and the lower floor,
Since the ceiling lighting ventilation surface is formed in advance on the ceiling surface of the lower-floor building unit having a step, the brightness of the lower floor portion can also be ensured. Opening the ceiling lighting ventilation surface also facilitates ventilation of the lower floor. Therefore, it is possible to provide a unit building with a courtyard with good lighting and ventilation to the lower floor.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, by simply attaching the mounting frame to the upper floor lighting ventilation opening of the upper floor building unit, the lighting device integrated with the mounting frame can be easily retrofitted. It becomes possible.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the daylighting device has light diffusion means that can be adjusted to an optimum light irradiation angle in accordance with the size of the upper floor daylight ventilation opening of the upper floor building unit, By adopting a configuration that can track sunlight, optimal natural light irradiation can be performed regardless of the season or time.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the lighting ventilation space is provided with a step between the upper floor and the lower floor, and the ceiling lighting ventilation surface is previously provided on the ceiling surface of the lower floor building unit having the step. , The brightness of the lower floor can be secured. Opening the ceiling lighting ventilation surface also facilitates ventilation of the lower floor. Therefore, it is possible to provide a practically useful effect that it is possible to provide a unit building with a courtyard with good lighting and ventilation to the lower floor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a lower-floor building unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the upper floor building unit according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of the unit building according to the first exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a lower floor portion of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a lighting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of a unit building according to the second exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of a unit building according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a lower floor portion of FIG. 8;

FIG. 9 is a side sectional view of a unit building according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a view similar to FIG. 10 according to a modification of the fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 pillar 2 beam 3 beam 4 framing frame 5 wall 6 daylighting ventilation opening 7 daylighting ventilation space 8 wall daylighting ventilation surface 9 ceiling surface 10 room space 11 building unit for lower floor 12 ceiling daylighting ventilation surface 13 upper floor daylighting ventilation opening 14 Upper floor lighting ventilation space 15 Upper floor building unit 26 Unit building 27 Mounting frame 28 Lighting device 30 Light diffusing means 31 Light diffusing plate (light diffusing means) 32 Louver

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A lighting frame having a frame formed by a plurality of pillars and beams connecting the pillars, wherein four frames are surrounded by walls inside the framework frame and a lighting aperture is provided on an upper surface. A space was formed, and a wall lighting ventilation surface was provided on at least one of the four surrounding walls, and a room space adjacent to the lighting ventilation space and having at least a ceiling surface was provided inside the frame. In the building unit, a ceiling lighting ventilation surface is provided in a portion of the ceiling surface of the room space adjacent to the lighting ventilation opening. 2. The building unit according to claim 1, wherein a light diffusing plate is provided on the ceiling lighting ventilation surface. 3. The building unit according to claim 1, wherein at least one louver having a reflection characteristic or a half mirror characteristic is provided on the ceiling lighting ventilation surface. 4. An upper floor having an upper floor lighting ventilation opening having a size corresponding to the lighting ventilation opening and the ceiling lighting ventilation surface on the upper surface of which four walls are surrounded by walls inside the frame. 4. A unit building, wherein upper-floor building units provided with a partial lighting ventilation space are stacked and arranged on the building unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 5. The unit building according to claim 4, wherein a lighting device integrated with the mounting frame can be retrofitted to the upper floor lighting ventilation opening of the upper floor building unit. 6. An upper floor building unit having a light diffusing means which can be adjusted to an optimum light irradiation angle according to the size of the upper floor lighting ventilation opening of the upper floor building unit and which can track sunlight. The unit building according to claim 4, wherein the unit building is provided in a partial lighting ventilation opening. 7. An upper floor lighting ventilation space with four surrounding walls surrounded by walls inside the upper floor, and a lower floor lighting ventilation space with four surrounding walls surrounded by the wall inside the lower floor. The upper floor lighting ventilation space communicates with the lower floor lighting ventilation space, and the ceiling surface of the room adjacent to the lower floor lighting ventilation space faces the upper floor lighting ventilation space. A building characterized by a surface.