JP2001079104A - Flexible inorganic fiber cloth and refractory screen - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the smoke shielding performance in an initial fire and to obtain excellent refractory and smoke shielding performance even in a serious fire by using inorganic fiber cloth as the stock of a fire resistant/smoke shielding film body adequate for a fire resistant/smoke shielding screen, etc., and forming the stock in such a manner that an air permeation rate under specific conditions exhibits a specific value. SOLUTION: The inorganic fiber cloth is used for the stock of the film body used for the fire resistant/smoke shielding screen and is so formed that the air permeation rate under a pressure difference of 124.5 Pa after temperature elevation to 400 deg.C does not exceed 7.3 cm3/cm2/sec. The inorganic fibers are preferably glass fiber and at least one surface of the inorganic fiber cloth is so treated as to be coated with fire-retardant stock. The fire-retardant stock may be a combination of one or >=2 selected from fire-retardant resins, metal hydroxides and ores. The refractory screen is so installed as to shield the internal space of a building and at this time, the refractory screen is provided with one slit part and the refractory screen is preferably parted to the right and left by this slit part.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fireproof and smokeproof film which can be suitably used for a fireproof and smokeproof screen.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, fireproof and smokeproof shutters have fire resistance,
Since fire-retardant properties and smoke-blocking properties are required, so-called metal slats are used, and these slats hang down from above the openings to block openings such as corridors when a fire occurs. It is installed as follows. However, in the event of a fire, some people try to go under the slats instead of evacuating from the evacuation exit, and there is a danger of being injured or killing their lives when sandwiched between these heavy sludges.

[0003] Therefore, in order to solve this problem, the heavy metal shutter has a sliding portion made of a fire-resistant and heat-resistant special glass fiber cloth such as silica cloth (glass fiber cloth mainly composed of silicon dioxide). Fire and smoke screens have recently been developed that are replaced by lightweight, fire and smoke resistant membranes.

[0004] However, the glass fiber cloth, which is the base cloth of these membranes, has a high degree of denseness that does not lose the flexibility and flexibility required for winding (lowering) and the like. It is breathable as long as it is a cloth. Therefore, in order to block this air permeability, usually a flame-retardant resin layer such as a vinyl chloride resin or a silicone resin is applied to at least one surface of the fabric, and a substantially non-air permeable, smoke-improved film is used. Have been.

However, this resin layer is particularly difficult
At 0 ° C. or higher, the film body usually melts, decomposes, carbonizes, and burns, and a small amount of carbides and ash remains on the film body. Therefore, the air permeability of the film body is slightly lower than that of the original fabric as the base cloth. However, the fabric basically returns to the original (breathable) state, and the fire resistance at high temperatures and the smoke barrier performance are poor.

[0006]

Therefore, in the fire resistance performance for the purpose of preventing the spread of fire in an actual fire, there is a possibility that the smoke shielding performance at a high temperature, specifically at 250 ° C. or more, may be reduced. Is an important issue.

[0007] That is, even in the initial fire, the smoke spreads rapidly, and at that time, the fire pressure rises rapidly, and in some cases, 3 times.
0 Pa or more in this case. In this case, in the case of a film body in which a conventional flame-retardant resin is merely applied to the glass fiber cloth, the heat causes the resin layer to be burned off and the air permeability of the cloth itself to increase. And the smoke-blocking performance is significantly reduced.

Accordingly, the present invention is to provide a fireproof / smokeproof film having not only improved smokeproof performance in an initial fire but also excellent fireproof / smokeproof performance even in a full-scale fire.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies in order to achieve the above object, and as a result, have found that the air permeability at a pressure difference of 124.5 Pa after heating at 400 ° C. is 7.3 cm ³ / cm.
^{The present} inventors have obtained a new finding that the above object can be achieved by a flexible inorganic fiber cloth not exceeding ² / sec and a fireproof and smoke-proof screen using the cloth. The present inventors have further conducted various studies and completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides (1) an inorganic fiber cloth as a material, and a pressure difference of 124.5 Pa after heating at 400 ° C.
A flexible fiber cloth characterized by having an excellent smoke / fire resistance effect of not exceeding 7.3 cm ³ / cm ² / sec in (2) the fiber cloth described in (1) above. (3) The fiber fabric according to (1) or (2), wherein the inorganic fibers are glass fibers, and (4) at least one surface of the inorganic fiber fabric is a flame-retardant material. (1) coated with
To (3) a fiber fabric or a refractory screen, (5)
(1) to (4), wherein the flame-retardant material is one or a combination of two or more selected from flame-retardant resins, metal hydroxides and minerals.
(6) The fiber fabric or refractory screen according to (1) to (5), wherein the mineral is fine powdery or scaly mica, (7) the fine powdery or scaly mica. (8) a flame-retardant material, characterized in that it is a flexible fiber fabric whose air permeability due to the opening in the yarn is reduced or a fire-resistant screen using the fabric;
(9) a flexible fiber fabric or a refractory screen using the fabric, in which at least one surface is surface-treated with a mixture containing a flame-retardant resin and a fine mineral substance to reduce the air permeability in the yarn. The fiber fabric or the refractory screen according to (8), wherein the surface of the mixture layer in which the layer containing the flame-retardant resin and the fine mineral substance is not in contact with the inorganic fiber cloth is further coated with a flame-retardant resin. 10) Mainly a non-combustible or fire-resistant screen which is installed hanging from below the ceiling or under the beam and shields the interior space of the building. The non-combustible or refractory screen is divided into right and left at the slit portion. At the lower end of the non-combustible or refractory screen, the left or right or any of the slit portions is provided. The main weight bar is horizontally fixed except for one of the predetermined length portions. An independent sub weight bar is provided on the left or right side or any one of the predetermined length portions of the slit at the lower end of the non-combustible or refractory screen. Is a fire-resistant screen having the above-mentioned requirements, wherein the fabric is used as the material described in any one of (1) to (9) above. (1) to (1), wherein the glass fiber has a silicon content of 96% by weight or more.
(9) The fiber fabric or the refractory screen described in (9), and (1)
2) A flexible fiber cloth having excellent smoke and fire resistance effects, in which a glass fiber layer, a mixture layer of a flame-retardant resin and a metal hydroxide, and a silicon resin layer are laminated.

As the flexible inorganic fiber cloth used in the present invention, usually, boron, ceramic, alumina,
It is a fabric made from fibers such as stainless steel or glass. Preferably it is a glass fiber fabric, most preferably a special glass fiber having a silicon dioxide content of about 96% by weight or more. Regarding flexibility, see, for example,
As described in US Pat. No. 33705, it is sufficient that it can be wound around the winding shaft (2) 1 and has such flexibility that a person can freely enter and exit through the slit portion (3). Therefore, these fabrics depend on their weave structure. Usually, a dense woven fabric having no openings in appearance is preferably a heat-resistant woven fabric such as a glass fiber cloth (silica cloth), particularly a satin weave. That is, it is preferable that the warp and the weft are woven densely to the extent that they are in close contact with each other and do not lose smoothness and flexibility.

In the case of glass fiber (silica cloth) (raw material (A)), 595 g / cm ² (thickness) 0.6 mm, 8 sheets of satin, and in the case of the fabric, it is preferable that the opening is not recognized at all. It is. However, when pressurized, air permeability occurs. Also (mass) 1200 g / cm ² (thickness) 1.2
Even with 12 mm red satin, it has the same air permeability. Hereinafter, the inorganic fiber woven fabric itself that has not been subjected to the treatment for preventing air permeability is referred to as a raw fabric. Using a Frazier-type air permeability tester, each air flow rate (m ³ / min / m ² ) with a pressure difference of 9.8 (1) to 78.4 (8) Pa is measured (Table 1). The raw materials (A) and (B) have essentially no significant difference,
Each of them was almost proportional. No substantial reduction in air permeability was found even when the web was thickened about twice.

[0013]

[Table 1] Raw material (A): Silica cloth BS850S100 (595 g / cm ² ) manufactured by Unitika Glass Fiber Co., Ltd. Raw material (B): Silica cloth BS018S100 (1200 g / c) manufactured by Unitika Glass Fiber Co., Ltd.
m ² )

The flow coefficient is obtained by the following equation from the pressure difference and the flow rate. And simplified.

For the raw material (A) and the raw material (A), a PVC film (7
(Μm) (film body (A)) each having 20 μm.
30 at 0 ° C, 300 ° C, 400 ° C, 600 ° C, 800 ° C
A similar test was performed after heating for one minute.

[0016]

[Table 2]

[0017]

[Table 3]

The air flow rate (cm ³ / cm ² / sec) was measured using a Frazier-type air permeability tester, and the flow rate (m ³ / min / m ² ) was measured.
And the flow coefficient were converted. The result is the raw material after heating (A)
It was found that the characteristics of the film body (A) at each pressure difference at 300 ° C. or higher did not change, and the tendency was in a proportional relationship, and was essentially unchanged from the raw material (A) before the temperature rise.

The air permeability (leakage) of a fire door or fire shutter is indicated by a flow coefficient. That is, fire doors (single doors)
0.005 to 0.012, (double door) 0.003 to
It is estimated to be 0.005, and the fireproof shutter is 0.0055.
(Comprehensive Fire Protection Planning for Buildings, Volume 1,
P. 56). Therefore, when the pressure difference is 124.5 Pa, which is higher than that of the fireproof shutter, the smoke coefficient is poor when viewed from the flow coefficient. 3 cm ³ / cm ² / sec (flow coefficient 0.0
051), and preferably has an air permeability of 7.3 cm at a pressure difference of 124.5 Pa after heating at 800 ° C.
Those not exceeding ³ / cm ² / sec are preferred. The above-mentioned raw material (inorganic fiber fabric) is usually flexible and has sufficient flexibility to be a fire-resistant screen, but has openings between the yarns and vents in the yarn.

[0020]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The inorganic fiber cloth of the present invention has an air flow rate of 7.45 Pa at a pressure difference of 124.5 Pa after a temperature rise of 400 ° C. by closing the opening and the vent of the raw fabric by the following treatment. 3 cm ³ / cm ² / sec, preferably 3.
It is obtained by reducing the ventilation so that it does not exceed 5 cm ³ / cm ² / sec, most preferably it does not exceed 3.3 cm ³ / cm ² / sec.

Normally, the air flow rate is a pressure difference of 1 after heating at 400 ° C.
The air permeability at 24.5 Pa is 7.3 cm ³ / cm ² /
Not exceeding 3.5 cm ³ / cm ² / sec, most preferably not exceeding 3.3 cm ³ / cm ² / sec, but not exceeding 3.3 cm ³ / cm ² / sec.
It is also a useful indicator that the air flow rate at 5 Pa does not exceed 7.3 cm ³ / cm ² / sec, preferably does not exceed 4.0 cm ³ / cm ² / sec.

The air permeability was measured by raising the temperature of the cloth from room temperature to 400 ° C. using a high-temperature hot-air circulating dryer manufactured by Tanaka Chemical Machinery Co., Ltd., maintaining the temperature at this temperature for 30 minutes, then taking out the sample and taking a differential pressure of 124.5 Pa. Is measured according to JISR3420. Regarding the temperature rise at 800 ° C., in the above measurement method, the temperature rise temperature is changed from 400 ° C. to 800 ° C., and a FP-41 heat treatment machine manufactured by Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd. is used as the temperature riser. The method for producing a fire screen using an inorganic fiber cloth is carried out according to a method known per se, for example, JP-A-10-33705 and JP-A-10-155.
925.

The openings of the inorganic fiber woven fabric (raw material), such as the air vents, are filled with a flame-retardant resin, a metal hydroxide and preferably a fine powdery or fine scale-like mineral at 400 ° C. The air flow rate at a pressure difference of 124.5 Pa after heating was 7.3 cm
By closing so that it does not exceed ³ / cm ² / sec, the fabric of the present invention is produced. As flame-retardant resin,
For example, phosphorus or nitrogen-containing resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, silicone resin (including rubber), vinyl acetate resin, fluorine resin, butyl rubber and the like can be mentioned. Copolymerized or co-condensed flame-retardant resins containing monomers of these high molecular compounds may be used.

Specific examples of the metal hydroxide include magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide. As the mineral substance, specifically, fine powdered mica, fine scale-like or needle-like or fibrous (whisker) mica is preferable, fine artificial mica, mica, graphite, mica-like graphite, mica-like glass, titanium Compounds, petroleum compounds, talc, coal, gypsum and the like may be used. Preferably, the particle size is about 1 to 25 microns. As such mica, for example, Micro Mica MK manufactured by Corp Chemical Co., Ltd.
-100 or the like may be used.

As aluminum hydroxide, for example, 0.5 to 20 μm granular material manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., and as magnesium hydroxide, Kisuma 5 manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
A, 0.5 to 15 μm manufactured by Bromchem Far East
Are exemplified. As the titanium compound, whisker-like titanium potassium (for example, Chismo manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.), as the boron compound, aluminum borate (for example, Alvolex, manufactured by Shikoku Chemicals Co., Ltd.), and for the mica-like glass, for example, Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. Examples of the Freca REF-015A manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. include 50LTUN and SS-3N manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.

As a preferred embodiment, the present invention is characterized in that (1) a flame-retardant resin and (2) fine mineral powder or fine flaky mineral are fixed to one or both surfaces of a raw material. Manufacturing can be mentioned. Although the mixing amount is not specified, 100 parts by weight of the flame-retardant resin and about 5 to 30 parts by weight of a mineral substance are mixed, and this mixture is added in an amount of 2 to 5 parts by weight based on the raw material.
0% by weight, preferably about 5-20% by weight, preferably about 10%.
-20% by weight (%). The fixing means may follow a usual dipping method or coating method.

As described above, the coated surface of the flame-retardant material that is not in contact with the inorganic fibers is further coated with, for example, a polyvinyl chloride resin, a fluororesin, a silicone resin, butyl rubber, or the like according to a known method. Thus, an outer layer may be formed. The coating may be performed by a usual dipping method or coating method.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a glass fiber cloth having a silicon dioxide content of 96% by weight or more contains at least 50 parts of a metal hydroxide per 100 parts by weight of a flame-retardant resin.
The mixture consisting of parts by weight is applied in an amount of 7% by weight or more based on the mass of the fabric, and then a silicone resin is applied in an amount of 4% by weight or more based on the mass of the fabric.
Obtaining a refractory cloth having a shrinkage rate of 3% or less after minute heating is mentioned. According to the present invention, not only is the ventilation rate at high temperatures significantly reduced, but also excellent in fraying resistance, scratch resistance, fire resistance, ignition strength retention, thermal dimensional stability and thermal dimensional stability. An ideal fabric is provided.

[0029]

The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the following examples. In addition, the performance of the obtained refractory cloth was evaluated as follows. (1) Mass Measured according to JIS R3420. (2) Fraying resistance The cloth was cut with scissors, and the yarn at the cut end was pinched to check whether it was easily frayed. The case where it easily frayed was evaluated as x, the case where it was not easily frayed was evaluated as ○, and the middle was evaluated as Δ. (3) Scratch resistance The surface of the cloth is rubbed with nails, and the surface is easily scratched.
When the resin was peeled off from the surface, it was evaluated as x, when there was no damage, and when the resin was not peeled off, it was evaluated as ○, and the middle was evaluated as Δ. (4) Air permeability Measured according to JIS R 3420.

(5) Presence or absence of ignition The cloth is set so that hot air does not leak directly into the opening of the muffle furnace, and the temperature in the furnace is raised from room temperature to 930 ° C. over 45 minutes and held at this temperature for 60 minutes. Then, the presence or absence of ignition of the fabric during this time was examined. (6) After heating the fabric at 930 ° C. for 60 minutes, the feel of the fabric was evaluated by touch. (7) Tensile strength retention After the fabric was heated at 930 ° C. for 60 minutes, the tensile strength was measured, and the ratio (%) to the normal tensile strength of the fabric was calculated. (8) Heat Shrinkage The fabric was heated at 930 ° C. for 60 minutes and the shrinkage was measured.

Examples 1 to 5 A glass fiber cloth having a silicon dioxide content shown in Table 4 was added to
A mixture of the flame-retardant resin dispersion liquid and the metal hydroxide powder having the compounding amount (converted to dry weight) shown in Table 4 was applied at the coating amount (converted to dry weight) shown in Table 2, and then silicon was added. The resin toluene solution was applied at the application amount (in terms of dry weight) shown in Table 4 and dried to produce five types of refractory fabrics, and the performance was examined. Table 4 also shows the measured performance. Further, the ventilation rate was also measured according to the methods described in Examples 6 to 8.

[0032]

[Table 4] In addition, the air permeability (c
m ³ / cm ² / sec) are 4.4, 4.3, and 4 respectively.
5, 4.6 and 4.2.

As is clear from the performance evaluation in Table 4, the obtained fabric is light, hard to fray, has no air permeability,
Excellent scratch resistance, no ignition, 60 at 930 ° C
Even after minute heating, the fabric was flexible, had a high retention of tensile strength, and had a low heat shrinkage, and was a fabric suitable for fireproof and smokeproof shutters.

Example 6 (Example of use of PVC) Zeon 576 (PVC latex, manufactured by Zeon Corporation), 100 parts by weight (solid content: 55 parts by weight), Kisuma 5A (manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) Magnesium hydroxide),
30 parts by weight and 15 parts by weight of Micromica MK-100 (manufactured by Corp Chemical Co., Ltd., synthetic mica) were mixed, and this mixture was mixed with a glass cloth raw material having a silicon dioxide content of 98% by weight (595 g / cm ² ) at 150 ° C.
After minute drying, the mixture was fixed at 15% by weight with respect to the raw material. The air permeability of the obtained cloth at a pressure difference of 124.5 Pa after heating at 400 ° C. for 30 minutes is 3.2 cm ³ / cm ^2.
/ Sec. In addition, the measurement of the ventilation rate is based on JISR3420.
Was performed according to

Example 7 (Example of Urethane Formulation) Hydran HW-930 (Dainippon Ink Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
, Water-based urethane resin), 100 parts by weight (solid content: 50
0 parts by weight), Kisuma 5A (manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., magnesium hydroxide), 400 parts by weight, and Somasif ME-
100 (manufactured by Coop Chemical Co., Ltd., synthetic mica) and 12 parts by weight, and the mixture was mixed with silicon dioxide.
A 98% by weight glass cloth material (1200 g / cm ² ) was applied and dried at 160 ° C. for 3 minutes.
% By weight. Next, DY38-038 (a silicone resin manufactured by Dow Corning Toray Silicone Co., Ltd.)
100 parts by weight, RD-1 (manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Silicone Co., Ltd., the above-mentioned crosslinking agent for silicone resin), 3 parts by weight and Catalyst SRX 212 (Toray Dow Corning Silicone Co., Ltd., the above-mentioned silicone resin And 0.5 parts by weight of the catalyst, and the mixture was further applied to the coated surface and dried at 150 ° C. for 5 minutes to obtain a glass cloth to which 4% by weight of the silicone resin mixture had adhered. The air permeability of the cloth obtained in the same manner as above at a pressure difference of 124.5 Pa after heating at 400 ° C. for 30 minutes was 3.4.
cm ³ / cm ² / sec. The ventilation rate was measured by the method described in Example 6.

Example 8 (Ethylene-vinyl acetate resin blending example) AD-20 (ethylene-vinyl acetate resin emulsion manufactured by Showa Polymer Co., Ltd.), 100 parts by weight (solid part: 50 parts by weight), and Kisuma 5A (Manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., magnesium hydroxide), 40 parts by weight and Micromica MK-2
00 (manufactured by Corp Chemical Co., Ltd., synthetic mica) and 10 parts by weight.
0 g / cm ² ) and dried at 150 ° C. for 3 minutes, and then the mixture was fixed at 20% by weight based on the raw material. Pressure difference after heating the obtained glass cloth at 400 ° C. × 3 minutes 124.5.
The ventilation rate in Pa was measured in the same manner as in Example 6 above, and a result of 3.0 cm ³ / cm ² / sec was obtained.

[0037]

According to the present invention, a fiber fabric having excellent fire and smoke prevention effects can be obtained, particularly since the air permeability at high temperatures is significantly reduced. Moreover, the fabric is also excellent in fraying resistance, scratch resistance, fire resistance, tensile strength retention and thermal dimensional stability.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) D06M 15/263 D06M 11/10 (72) Inventor Tadataka Higashi 2-12-9 Shiba-Daimon, Minato-ku, Tokyo Unitichi Kagurasu Fiber Co., Ltd. Tokyo Branch Office (72) Inventor Yuji Kadokawa 2-12-9 Shibadaimon, Minato-ku, Tokyo Uniti Kagurasufibre Co., Ltd. Tokyo Branch Office F-term (reference) 4L031 AA26 BA09 BA11 BA24 DA16 DA17 4L033 AA09 AB01 AB04 AC05 CA18 CA59 DA01 DA07 4L048 AA03 AA53 AC14 BA01 CA06 CA11 CA12 CA15 DA30 EB00

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. An inorganic fiber cloth is used as a raw material, and the temperature is 400 ° C.
The air flow rate at a pressure difference of 124.5 Pa after the temperature rise is 7.3.
A flexible fiber fabric characterized by having an excellent smoke / fire resistance not exceeding cm ³ / cm ² / sec. 2. A fire-resistant screen using the fiber fabric according to claim 1. 3. The fiber fabric according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic fibers are glass fibers, or the refractory screen according to claim 2. 4. The fiber cloth or the fire-resistant screen according to claim 1, wherein at least one surface of the inorganic fiber cloth is coated with a flame-retardant material. 5. The fiber fabric or fire-resistant screen according to claim 1, wherein the flame-retardant material is one or a combination of two or more selected from flame-retardant resins, metal hydroxides and minerals. 6. The fiber fabric or refractory screen according to claim 1, wherein the mineral is fine powdery or scaly mica. 7. A flame-retardant material containing fine powdery or scaly mica, which is made of a flexible fiber fabric having reduced air permeability through an opening in a yarn, or a fabric thereof. Fireproof screen. 8. A fiber fabric having flexibility in which at least one surface is surface-treated with a mixture containing a flame-retardant resin and a fine mineral to reduce air permeability in a yarn, or a fire-resistant fabric using the fabric. screen. 9. The fiber fabric according to claim 8, wherein the layer of the mixture containing the flame-retardant resin and the fine mineral substance is not in contact with the inorganic fiber fabric, and the surface of the mixture layer is further coated with the flame-retardant resin. Fireproof screen. 10. (1) A non-combustible or fire-resistant screen which is installed hanging from a ceiling or under a beam to shield an internal space of a building is mainly used. (2) The non-combustible or fire-resistant screen has one slit formed to reach the lower end in the vertical direction, and the non-combustible or fire-resistant screen is divided into right and left by the slit. (3) At the lower end of the non-combustible or refractory screen, a main weight bar is horizontally fixed except for a predetermined length portion on the left or right or any one of the slits. (4) An independent sub-weight bar is horizontally fixed to a predetermined length portion on the left and / or right side of the slit at the lower end of the non-combustible or refractory screen.
A fire-resistant screen satisfying the above requirements, wherein the cloth according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used as a material. 11. The inorganic fiber has a silicon dioxide content of 9%.
The fiber fabric or the refractory screen according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is 6% by weight or more of glass fiber. 12. A flexible fiber fabric having an excellent smoke and fire resistance effect, wherein a glass fiber layer, a mixture layer of a flame-retardant resin and a metal hydroxide, and a silicon resin layer are laminated.