JP2001074839A - Device and method for measuring velocity - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device and a method for measuring velocities of >=2 kinds of moving bodies having different motion characteristics. SOLUTION: An ultrasonic wave transmission part 10 sends an ultrasonic wave to a bat 2, an ultrasonic wave reception part 20 receives its reflected wave from the bat, and a reflected wave signal component of the received reflected wave is passed through a filter group 26 having five band-pass filters to extract a component of a specific signal level or over, and measures a velocity by making use of Doppler effect. A detector operation switching part 27a sets all the detectors in a signal detector group 27 in operation state in a ball velocity measurement mode to use all the band-pass filters, while only the detector of a band-pass filter BPF 1 having the highest frequency as its passing band is set in operation state in the case the head velocity of the bat is measured. Further, a processing stage switching part 36 switches processing stages of a data specification part 32 according to the respective modes.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a velocity measuring apparatus and method for measuring the velocity of a measuring object based on a Doppler signal component obtained by receiving a reflected wave from the measuring object. More specifically, the present invention relates to a speed measuring device for measuring speeds of two or more moving bodies having different motion characteristics and a method therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the velocity of an object to be measured is measured based on a Doppler signal component obtained by receiving a wave reflected from the object using waves such as sound waves and radio waves. Things are known. Such a speed measuring device includes a transmitting means for transmitting a wave generated based on a reference signal of a predetermined frequency toward a measurement target, and receiving a wave reflected from the target to obtain a reception signal. A receiving means for extracting a Doppler signal component from the received signal, and a speed calculating means for calculating a relative moving speed of the object with respect to the apparatus based on the Doppler signal component.

In such a velocity measuring device, the reflected wave received includes noise due to a reflected wave other than the object to be measured. At this time, since a large number of Doppler signal components having different frequencies are obtained in a superimposed state, it is difficult to calculate the speed based only on the Doppler signal component of the measurement object, which may cause erroneous measurement. For this reason, in the conventional speed measurement device, a bandpass filter as a plurality of partial bandpass units in which a passband is set to each of a plurality of subbands obtained by dividing a frequency band that a Doppler signal component of a measurement target can take into a plurality of bands is provided. Frequency components outside the respective passbands are removed.

As a velocity measuring device of this kind, the present applicant transmits a wave toward a substantially circular moving body, receives a reflected wave thereof, samples a plurality of Doppler signal components obtained, and samples the Doppler signal component. A linear velocity measuring device of a substantially circular moving body which measures a linear velocity of the substantially circular moving body by identifying a Doppler signal component having a frequency corresponding to the maximum velocity is proposed. When measuring the head speed during a bat swing using this linear velocity measurement device, the measurement speed range is used to remove the influence of components from the batter's body and arms other than the head part of the bat that is the measurement target. Is set to about 50 km / h. Specifically, the lower limit of the pass band of the bandpass filter corresponding to the lowest frequency is set to be a frequency corresponding to 50 km / h.

On the other hand, the present applicant transmits a wave toward a substantially linear moving body such as a ball and receives the reflected wave to obtain a velocity of the substantially linear moving body based on a Doppler signal component obtained. A velocity measuring device for measuring the pressure was also proposed. In this speed measuring device, the lower limit of the measuring speed range is set to about 30 km / h. In this speed measuring device, the lower limit of the pass band of the band-pass filter corresponding to the lowest frequency is set to be a frequency corresponding to 30 km / h.

[0006]

As described above, the two types of velocity measuring devices for measuring the velocity of the object to be measured having different motion characteristics have different lower limits of the measuring range, so that the same band-pass filter group can be used. Can not. For this reason, the measurement of the velocity of a substantially linear moving body such as a ball and the measurement of the linear velocity of a substantially circular moving body such as a head portion of a bat cannot be performed using the same velocity measuring device.

Further, the two types of velocity measuring devices differ in the processing steps of the obtained Doppler signal components. In other words, the velocity measurement device of a substantially linear moving body calculates the speed directly from the Doppler signal component obtained, but the linear velocity measuring device of a substantially circular moving body samples a plurality of Doppler signal components and sets the maximum velocity of the sampling data. After specifying a frequency having a corresponding frequency, the speed is calculated. For this reason, the measurement of the velocity of the substantially linear moving body and the measurement of the linear velocity of the substantially circular moving body cannot be performed using the same velocity measuring device.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide a speed measuring apparatus and a speed measuring method capable of measuring the speed of two or more moving bodies having different motion characteristics. It is to be.

[0009]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wave transmitting means for transmitting a wave generated based on a reference signal having a predetermined frequency toward an object to be measured. Receiving means for receiving a reflected wave from the measurement object,
Band-pass means having a plurality of partial band-pass sections each having a pass band set in each of a plurality of sub-bands obtained by dividing a frequency band which can be taken by the Doppler signal component of the reflected wave, and a Doppler signal passing through the band-pass means A speed measuring device including a speed calculating unit that calculates a relative moving speed of the measurement target based on the component, a signal output unit that outputs a Doppler signal component that has passed through the band-pass unit to the speed calculating unit, Output switching means for switching the output of the signal output means so as to output only the Doppler signal component which has passed through a predetermined specific partial band pass section from the plurality of partial band pass sections. It is a feature.

In this velocity measuring apparatus, the entire frequency band in which the Doppler signal component of the object to be measured can be used for velocity measurement by using all of the plurality of partial bandpass sections, Some can be used. Therefore, in order to prevent erroneous measurement due to noise in accordance with the motion characteristics of the measurement object, speed measurement can be performed by setting different measurement speed ranges for each measurement object.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a transmitting means for transmitting a wave generated based on a reference signal having a predetermined frequency toward a measuring object, and receiving a reflected wave from the measuring object. A speed measuring device comprising a wave receiving means for calculating the relative moving speed of the object to be measured based on the Doppler signal component of the reflected wave, and using the Doppler signal component for speed calculation. The process of extracting the object, or the process of extracting the one used as the measurement result from the speed calculated from the Doppler signal component, has two or more different speed calculation means, and performs speed measurement according to the measurement object. It is characterized in that speed calculation switching means for switching the speed calculation means to be used is provided.

This speed measuring device has two different motion characteristics.
By preparing two or more speed calculating means having processing steps respectively suitable for speed measurement of more than one kind of moving body, speed measurement can be performed using a processing step suitable for an object to be measured.

[0013] In order to achieve the above object, a third aspect of the present invention is to transmit a wave generated based on a reference signal having a predetermined frequency toward an object to be measured, and to reflect a reflected wave from the object to be measured. Received, based on the Doppler signal component obtained by passing through a plurality of sub-band passing portions each having a pass band set to a sub-band divided into a plurality of frequency bands that the Doppler signal component of the reflected wave can take In the speed measurement method of calculating the relative movement speed of the measurement object, a mode using all of the plurality of partial bandpass sections, and a mode using a part of the plurality of partial bandpass sections, Switching is performed according to the measurement object.

In this velocity measuring method, the entire frequency band in which the Doppler signal component of the measurement object can take is used for velocity measurement by using all of the plurality of partial bandpass sections, Some can be used. Therefore, in order to prevent erroneous measurement due to noise in accordance with the motion characteristics of the measurement object, the measurement situation, and the like, different measurement speed ranges can be set for the respective measurement objects to perform the speed measurement.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a wave generated based on a reference signal having a predetermined frequency is transmitted toward an object to be measured, a reflected wave from the object to be measured is received, and the reflected wave is received. A speed measuring method for calculating a relative moving speed of the object to be measured based on a Doppler signal component of a wave; a processing step of extracting a Doppler signal component to be used for speed calculation, or a speed calculated from the Doppler signal component Processing steps to extract those used as measurement results from
It has the above, and is characterized in that processing steps used for speed measurement are switched according to the above-mentioned measurement object.

This speed measuring method has two different motion characteristics.
By preparing processing steps suitable for speed measurement of more than one kind of moving body, speed measurement can be performed using a processing step suitable for an object to be measured.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to a speed measuring device (hereinafter, referred to as a speed measuring device) having both a function of measuring a head speed of a bat swing that makes a substantially circular motion and a function of measuring a speed of a ball.
Simply referred to as "measuring device". An embodiment applied to (1) will be described. In the present embodiment, an ultrasonic wave is used as a wave used for the velocity measurement, and the ultrasonic wave is transmitted toward a head portion of a bat or a ball, which is a measurement target. Then, the velocity or linear velocity of each measurement object is measured using the Doppler effect of the reflected wave reflected from the measurement object.

First, a description will be given of the configuration of the entire measuring system for measuring the speed by the measuring apparatus according to the present embodiment. FIG. 1A is a schematic configuration diagram of a measurement system when measuring the speed of a ball, and FIG. 1B is a schematic configuration diagram of a measurement system when measuring the head speed of a bat. In the measuring system shown in FIG. 1A, the measuring device 1 is arranged substantially on the traveling trajectory of the ball 4.

The measurement system shown in FIG. 1B measures the head speed at a position where the ball makes an impact during the bat swing, that is, at a position where the bat is perpendicular to the direction in which the ball travels. In this measuring system, the measuring device 1 is arranged in a pitcher direction when the batter 3 swings the bat 2 while standing at the bat. When batter 3 swings bat 2,
The head portion 2a moves along a trajectory indicated by a dashed arrow A in FIG. In the following description, the measuring device 1 and the head portion 2a at the measuring point will be described.
Is referred to as the X direction.

Next, the configuration of the measuring device 1 will be described. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the measuring device 1 according to the present embodiment. The measuring apparatus 1 includes an ultrasonic wave transmitting unit 10 as a wave transmitting unit and an ultrasonic wave receiving unit 20 as a wave receiving unit.
And a signal processing unit 30 as speed calculation means, and a display unit 40 as notification means. Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of each unit will be described.

First, the configuration and operation of the ultrasonic wave transmitting section 10 will be described. The ultrasonic wave transmitting section 10 continuously transmits ultrasonic waves toward the head portion 2a of the bat 2 or the ball 4 based on a reference signal having a predetermined frequency Fo. The ultrasonic transmitting unit 10 includes a reference oscillator 11 for generating a reference signal having a predetermined frequency Fo, an output amplifier 12 for amplifying the reference signal to a predetermined level, and a predetermined electrical amplifier amplified by the output amplifier. An ultrasonic wave transmitter 13 for converting a signal into an ultrasonic wave.

Next, the configuration and operation of the ultrasonic wave receiving section 20 will be described. The ultrasonic wave receiving unit 20 receives the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the ultrasonic wave transmitting unit 10 and is reflected by the bat 2 or the ball 4 and receives the ultrasonic wave including the returned reflected wave. A Doppler signal component is extracted from the received ultrasonic wave signal. This ultrasonic wave receiving section 20
An ultrasonic receiver 21 composed of an ultrasonic transducer for converting ultrasonic waves into an electric signal, a preamplifier 22 for amplifying a weak reception signal output from the ultrasonic receiver, Notch filter 25 that removes a direct wave from the ultrasonic transmitting unit 10 and a reflected wave from a stationary object that has not been subjected to Doppler shift from the received signal output from the operational amplifier.
A filter group 26 for selectively passing the Doppler signal component according to a frequency band that the Doppler signal component that has passed the notch filter can take; a signal detector for detecting a plurality of Doppler signal components that have passed the filter group, respectively A group 27, a detector operation switching unit 27a as an output switching unit for individually activating or deactivating the signal detectors constituting the signal detector group, and a detection result of the signal detector group. A signal selector 28 for selecting a Doppler signal component from the head portion 2a or the ball 4;
An output switch 29 as signal output means for outputting one of a plurality of Doppler signal components output from the filter group based on the selection result of the signal selection unit.

The ultrasonic wave received by the ultrasonic wave receiver 21 is converted into an electric signal, then amplified by the amplifier 22 and input to the notch filter 25. The notch filter 25 allows the ultrasonic transmitting unit 10
The signal component of the reference frequency Fo, which is the same frequency as the reference signal of the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the device, can be selectively attenuated to prevent saturation of the subsequent circuit. This notch filter 25
, The center frequency of the attenuation band is set to the reference frequency Fo. Thereby, the strong ultrasonic wave directly propagated from the ultrasonic wave transmitting unit 10 is attenuated, and the weak reflected wave from the bat 2 or the ball 4 can be efficiently extracted from the received ultrasonic wave. .

The filter group 26 has five frequency bands (HH, HL, M, LH) obtained by dividing a frequency band that can be taken by a Doppler signal component due to a reflected wave from the bat 2 or the ball 4 into five. , LL) are respectively passed through the five band-pass filters (BPF1, BPF1, BPF1).
PF2, BPF3, BPF4, BPF5). The Doppler signal components output from the notch filter 25 and branched into five are respectively converted into the respective band-pass filters (BPF1, BPF2, BPF3, BPF4, B
PF5). Then, each band signal Se (SeHH) passed through each band-pass filter
To SeLL) are a signal detector group 27 and an output selector 29
Is output to The number of bandpass filters provided in the filter group 26 is not limited to five, but is determined as appropriate according to the measurement speed range and the required measurement accuracy.

The frequency band that the Doppler signal component due to the reflected wave from the bat 2 can take is almost the same as the frequency band that the Doppler signal component due to the reflected wave from the ball 4 can take. Therefore, the band-pass filters (BPF1, BPF1,
BPF2, BPF3, BPF4, and BPF5), for example, when the frequency Fo of the reference signal is 32.768 kHz and the measurement speed range is 50 to 180 km / h, the frequency band that the Doppler signal component can take is 3
Since the frequency is 5.5 kHz to 43.9 kHz, each band-pass filter (BPF1, BPF2, BPF
PF3, BPF4, BPF5) are respectively 36.3 kHz, 38.0 kHz, 39.7 kHz,
The frequency is set to 1.4 kHz and 43.1 kHz, and the pass bandwidth is set to 1.7 kHz.

Each band signal Se passed through the filter group 26 is input to the signal detector group 27. The signal detector group 27 includes five signal detectors corresponding to the number of bandpass filters provided in the filter group 26. The operation of each signal detector is controlled by the detector operation switching section 27a. When a band signal Se having a signal level higher than a preset threshold is input to the signal detector that is activated by the detector operation switching unit 27a, the band signal is detected and the band signal is detected. The signal is output to the signal selection unit 28 as it is as the detection signal Sf. Note that the signal detector inactivated by the detector operation switching unit 27a does not operate even if the band signal is input, and the detection signal S
f is not output.

Each band signal Se passed through the filter group 26 is also input to the output switch 29. This output switch 29 is controlled by the signal selection unit 28,
One of the input band signals Se is output to the signal processing unit 30.

Hereinafter, the case where the ball speed is measured and the case where the head speed of the bat is measured will be described separately.
First, the case where the speed of the ball is measured will be described.
When measuring the velocity of the ball, all the band-pass filters (BPF1, BPF
2, BPF3, BPF4, BPF5). Specifically, the detector operation switching unit 27a sets each signal detector to an operating state, and enables all the detection signals Sf output from each signal detector to be output to the signal selection unit 28.

The signal selector 28 selects a detection signal having the highest frequency from among the detection signals Sf output from the signal detector group 27, controls the output switch 29, and selects the selected detection signal. The signal processor 30 outputs the band signal Sh corresponding to Sf. That is, the signal selection unit 28 selects a signal having the highest frequency from the Doppler signal components of the received ultrasonic waves.

The reason for selecting the highest frequency from the Doppler signal components is that the Doppler signal component of the ultrasonic wave received by the ultrasonic receiver 21 is not necessarily from the ball 4. It is not limited. More specifically, if the object that generates the reflected wave subjected to the Doppler shift is only the ball 4, the ultrasonic receiver 2
It can be considered that the number of Doppler signal components of the ultrasonic wave received at 1 is one. However, the ultrasonic wave transmitting unit 10
Since the ultrasonic waves transmitted from the laser beam travel while spreading by diffraction, it is almost impossible to hit only the ball 4 to be measured. For this reason, the ultrasonic receiver 21
In addition to the reflected wave from the ball 4, for example, the reflected wave from the body or arm of the pitcher is also received. The reflected wave received by the ultrasonic wave receiver 21 has undergone a different Doppler shift depending on each reflection target. Therefore, a plurality of reflected waves having different frequencies are received by the ultrasonic wave receiver 21, and the received signal is a signal in which a plurality of Doppler signal components having different frequencies are superimposed. For this reason, there is a possibility that the speed of the ball cannot be measured accurately.

However, it is considered that the ball 4 as the measurement object has the highest speed among the reflection objects existing within the measurement range in the present embodiment. Therefore, this ball 4
Will have the highest frequency of the received Doppler signal components. Therefore, if a component having the highest frequency is selected from the Doppler signal components, a Doppler signal component based on the reflected wave from the ball 4 can be obtained. Therefore,
In the present embodiment, when measuring the velocity of the ball, the filter having the highest frequency is selected from the Doppler signal components using the filter group 26, the signal detector group 27, and the signal selection unit 28, and the Doppler signal is selected. The signal component is used for speed calculation.

On the other hand, when measuring the head speed of the bat, the highest frequency HH among a plurality of signal detectors constituting the signal detector group 27 is set as a pass band by the detector operation switching section 27a. The selected signal detector is selected as a specific partial bandpass section, and only the specific signal detector is set to the operation state and the other signal detectors are switched to the non-operation state. That is, other signal detectors do not output the detection signal Sf to the signal selection unit 28 even if the input band signal Se has a signal level higher than the threshold. Therefore, the detector operation switching unit 2
The detection signal Sf is output to the signal selector 28 only when the band signal Se having a signal level higher than the threshold is input to the specific signal detector that is in the operating state according to 7a. At this time, the signal selection unit 28 controls the output switch 29 only when the detection signal Sf is input because the detection signal Sf is the only detection signal to be input. Corresponding band signal Sh
Is output to the signal processing unit 30.

The detector operation switching section 27a is linked to a changeover switch (not shown). When the object to be measured is the bat 4, the measurer operates the changeover switch to move the measuring device 1 to the head of the bat. Switch to speed measurement mode. As a result, the detector operation switching section 27a puts only the specific signal detectors of the signal detector group 27 into the operating state. When the measurer operates the changeover switch to switch the measuring device 1 to the ball speed measuring mode,
All signal detectors in the signal detector group 27 are activated by the detector operation switching section 27a.

Next, the configuration and operation of the signal processing unit 30 will be described. The signal processing unit 30 is a frequency measuring device 31 that measures the frequency Fi of the band signal Sh continuously output from the output switch 29 of the ultrasonic wave receiving unit 20.
A data specifying unit 32 as data specifying means for specifying frequency data of a measurement point on the trajectory of the head portion 2a from frequency data measured by the frequency measuring device in the head speed measurement mode; A speed calculating unit 33 for calculating a speed based on data; and a temperature measuring device 3 for measuring air temperature to correct sound speed fluctuation due to air temperature.
4 and a processing step switching section 36 as speed calculation switching means for switching processing steps executed by the signal processing section in conjunction with the changeover switch.

Hereinafter, the case where the ball speed is measured and the case where the bat head speed is measured will be described separately.
First, the case where the speed of the ball is measured will be described.
When measuring the speed of the ball, the signal is selected by the signal selection unit 28 of the ultrasonic wave receiving unit 20 and the output switch 29 is selected.
Is output to the frequency measuring device 31. The frequency measuring device 31 sequentially measures the frequency Fi of the input band signal Sh and outputs the measured frequency data to the data specifying unit 32. At this time, the data specifying unit 32 has been switched to the ball speed measurement mode by the processing step switching unit 36. In the ball speed measurement mode, the data specifying unit 32 outputs the average value of the frequency data received from the frequency measuring device 31 and outputs the average value to the speed calculating unit 33. The speed calculating unit 33 calculates the ball speed V ′ based on the arithmetic expression shown in Expression 1 from the frequency Fi of the data and the reference frequency Fo output from the reference oscillator 11 of the ultrasonic wave transmitting unit 10. Is calculated. Here, the symbol C in the arithmetic expression shown in Expression 1 indicates the speed of sound.

[0036]

## EQU1 ## Fi−Fo = 2 · V ′ · Fo / (C−V ′)

Since the sound speed C used in the arithmetic expression shown in the above equation 1 varies depending on the air temperature, it is necessary to correct the sound speed fluctuation due to the air temperature in order to perform accurate speed measurement. Therefore, in the present embodiment, an accurate sound speed is calculated from the arithmetic expression shown in Expression 2 based on the air temperature measured by the temperature measuring device 34, and the sound speed C used in the above Expression 1 is calculated.
Is corrected. Here, the symbol t in the arithmetic expression shown in Expression 2 indicates the air temperature measured by the temperature measuring device 34. The calculated speed V 'of the ball is sent to the display 40 and displayed as character information to the user.

[0038]

## EQU2 ## C = 331.5 + 0.6.t [m / sec]

On the other hand, when measuring the head speed of the bat, the band signal Sh output from the output switch 29 through the band-pass filter BPF1 is input to the frequency measuring device 31. And this frequency measuring device 3
1 sequentially measures the frequency Fi of the input band signal Sh, and outputs the measured frequency data to the data specifying unit 32. At this time, the data specifying unit 32 has been switched to the head speed measurement mode by the processing step switching unit 36. The frequency Fi measured here is shown in FIG.
It has undergone a Doppler shift in the X direction shown therein.

The data specifying section 32 samples 15 consecutive frequency data in the frequency data of the Doppler signal component by the head portion 2a during the bat swing, and determines the frequency of the measurement point based on the temporal change of the sampled data. Identify the data. Here, the case where the number of samplings is 15 will be described, but this number of samplings is appropriately set according to the sampling interval, measurement accuracy, and the like. The data specifying unit 32 is provided with a data number counter (not shown) for counting the number of frequency data sampled, and the initial state of the data number counter is set to “1”.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the data processing operation of the data specifying unit 32 in the head speed measurement mode. The data specifying unit 32 first fetches the first frequency data measured by the frequency measuring device 31 (S1), and the frequency data corresponds to a speed within a preset specified speed range. It is determined whether or not there is (S2). The specified speed range in the present embodiment is set to a frequency range in which the speed is 50 to 180 km / h by a calculation process of a speed calculation unit 33 described later.

If it is determined in S2 that the frequency data is within the specified speed range, the frequency data is stored in the memory 35 as the first frequency data (S3). On the other hand, when it is determined that the frequency data does not fall within the specified speed range, new frequency data from the frequency measuring device 31 is fetched again as the first frequency data, and it is started (S1).

When the first frequency data is stored in the memory 35 in S3, new frequency data from the frequency measuring device 31 is fetched as second frequency data (S4). Is determined to be within the specified speed range (S
5). At this time, if it is determined that the captured second frequency data is not within the specified speed range, the data number counter is reset (S6). Then, the second frequency data is stored in the memory 35 as the first frequency data (S3).
The new frequency data from 1 is started as the second frequency data again (S4).

If it is determined in S5 that the second frequency data is within the specified speed range, the second frequency data and the immediately preceding data are stored in the memory 35. The absolute value of the difference from the first frequency data, which is the set frequency data, is calculated (S7), and it is determined whether or not this absolute value corresponds to a speed within a predetermined variation range. Is determined (S8). The specified variation range in the present embodiment is set to a frequency range in which the speed is within 5 km / h by a calculation process of the speed calculation unit 33 described later.

If it is determined in step S8 that the absolute value is not within the specified fluctuation range, the process proceeds to step S6, where the data number counter is reset (S6). The frequency data is stored in the memory 35 as the first frequency data (S3).
The new frequency data from 1 is started as the second frequency data again (S4).

On the other hand, if it is determined in S8 that the absolute value is within the specified fluctuation range, the data counter is incremented by one (S9). Then, it is determined whether or not this data number counter has reached a specified value (S
10). In the present embodiment, since the number of sampling frequency data is fifteen, the specified value is set to fifteen. Here, since only the second frequency data has been fetched, it is determined in S10 that the data number counter has not yet reached the specified value. In this case, the flow returns to S3 again, and the second frequency data is stored in the memory 35 (S3).
The new frequency data from 1 is started to be taken in as the third frequency data (S4). Thereafter, until the data number counter reaches the prescribed value, the above S1 is executed.
Repeat steps up to 0.

As described above, 15 consecutive frequency data are sampled, and if it is determined in S10 that the data number counter has reached the specified value, the above 1 to 15
A slope determination is made as to which of the predetermined criterion shown in FIG. 4 the time-dependent variation of the frequency data, that is, the slope of these frequency data with respect to time is satisfied (S1).
1).

If it is determined that the data corresponds to the criterion A or C shown in FIG. 4, the process proceeds to S6, where the data number counter is reset (S6). Is stored as the first frequency data in the memory 35 (S3), and the new frequency data from the frequency measuring device 31 is fetched again as the second frequency data to start the operation (S4). On the other hand, when it is determined that the data falls under the criterion B, D, E or F shown in FIG. 4, it is determined that the frequency data at the measurement point is included in the sampled frequency data, Move to processing step. Note that S
In the present embodiment, when it is determined whether or not each of the above-described determination criteria A to F corresponds to the determination criteria A to F, each of the determination criteria A to F is determined using the sampled first, eighth, and fifteenth frequency data. Is compared.

In this way, the criterion B shown in FIG.
Next, the moving average of the frequency data corresponding to any of D, E, and F is calculated (S12). In particular,
Calculations of adding the first, second and third frequency data and dividing by 3, then adding the second, third and fourth frequency data and dividing by 3 are sequentially performed, and the calculation results are stored in the memory 35. I do. Even if it is determined in S8 that the captured frequency data is within the specified fluctuation range, there is a possibility that the frequency data contains noise. When detecting the maximum value in the next step S13, the error of the maximum value due to noise can be reduced.

Next, the maximum value among these moving average values is detected (S13). As described above, since the frequency data indicating the maximum value in the sampled frequency data is that of the head portion 2a at the measurement point, the measurement is performed by detecting the maximum value in the moving average value calculated in S12. The frequency data of the head portion 2a at the point can be specified. As described above, in the data specifying unit 32,
When the frequency data of the head portion 2a at the measurement point is specified, the specified frequency data is output to the speed calculation unit 33.

[0051] The at speed calculator 33, a reference frequency Fo output from the reference oscillator 11 of frequency _{Fi MA X} and the ultrasonic wave transmitter 10 identified by the data identifying unit 32
From, it calculates the X direction component V _X of the head velocity V at the measurement point based on the arithmetic expression shown in Formula 3. At this time, X-direction component V _X at the measurement point because those that head speed V, can be calculated head speed V directly from this number 3. Here, the symbol C in the arithmetic expression shown in Expression 3 indicates the sound speed, and the sound speed C is corrected for the sound speed fluctuation due to the temperature by the arithmetic expression shown in Expression 2 as in the case of Expression 1 above. You.

[0052]

## EQU3 ## Fi _MAX -Fo = 2.V.Fo / (CV)

The ball speed V 'or the head speed V calculated in this way is sent to the display 40 and displayed to the user as character information. In the present embodiment, the configuration using the display 40 as the display means as the notification means for notifying the measurement result has been described. However, other than this, for example, an audio output means for outputting the measurement result by voice may be used. Good.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the speed range that can be taken by the measuring object is predicted and the measuring speed range is determined in advance, so that the Doppler signal component due to the reflected wave from other than the measuring object can be obtained. It can be removed to prevent the possibility of erroneous measurement. At this time, the Doppler signal component passing through the filter group 26 used as the prevention means is
Since the selection can be made according to the measurement speed range, the speed measurement of the head speed and the ball speed of the bat having different motion characteristics can be performed by a single measurement device. here,
In the present embodiment, it is feared that the speed cannot be measured when the head speed is low.
Since the pass band of F1 has a certain width and the signal level of the reflected wave from the bat is higher than that of a ball or the like,
Even when the head speed is low, it is possible to detect with the specific signal detector. Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently measure even when the head speed is low.

In the above-described embodiment, a configuration in which one band-pass filter having the highest frequency band HH as a pass band is used as the specific partial band-pass unit is described. A configuration in which two band pass filters having the frequency band HH and the next highest frequency band HL as pass bands may be used as the specific partial band pass unit.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the configuration using the detector operation switching section 27a for controlling the operation of the plurality of signal detectors constituting the signal detector group 27 has been described as the output switching means. , An output switching control unit is provided in place of the detector operation switching unit,
Or the operation of each band-pass filter constituting the filter group 26 by providing an operation switching unit for the partial band-pass unit to control the Doppler signal component passing only through the specific partial band-pass unit. It may be configured to be used in the subsequent processing steps.

The measuring device of the above-described embodiment has been described as a measuring device capable of measuring the speed of a ball and the speed of a head of a bat.
For example, the present invention can be applied to a measuring device that measures the speed of a golf ball and the head speed of a golf club.

The filter group 26, signal detector group 27, detector operation switching section 27a,
A signal selector 28, an output switch 29, a frequency meter 31,
Instead of the data specifying unit 32 and the speed calculating unit 33, an A / D converter that converts an analog signal into a digital signal and a digital signal processing unit having the functions of these units may be used. As this digital signal processing means, DS
P or a high-performance microcomputer may be used. The functions of the digital signal processing means include the above-described filter group 26, signal detector group 27, detector operation switching section 27a,
A signal selector 28, an output switch 29, a frequency meter 31,
The function is not limited to the functions of the data specifying unit 32 and the speed calculating unit 33, and the range may be appropriately selected according to the processing capability of the digital signal processing unit.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the ultrasonic wave is used as the wave used for measuring the head speed has been described. However, the present invention can reflect the object to be measured and use the Doppler effect at that time. For example, a radio wave or light can be used as long as the speed can be calculated by using.

In the above-described embodiment, in the head speed measurement mode, the frequency data at the measurement point is specified based on the frequency data measured by the frequency measuring device 31, and thereafter the speed calculation is performed based on the frequency data. Although the head 33 calculates the head speed V, the speed calculator 33 first calculates the speed data based on the frequency data measured by the frequency measuring device 31, and then calculates the data specifying unit 32 based on the speed data. The head speed V may be obtained by specifying the speed data at the measurement point.

[0061]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, speed measurement can be performed by setting different measurement speed ranges for each measurement object, so that speed measurement of two or more types of moving bodies having different motion characteristics can be performed. There is an excellent effect that a possible speed measuring device can be provided.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, speed measurement can be performed by switching two or more speed calculating means having processing steps suitable for the object to be measured in accordance with the motion characteristics of the object to be measured. There is an excellent effect that a speed measuring device capable of measuring the speed of two or more moving bodies having different motion characteristics can be provided.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the speed can be measured by setting different measurement speed ranges depending on the object to be measured, so that the speed of two or more moving bodies having different motion characteristics can be measured. There is an excellent effect that a speed measurement method can be provided.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the speed measurement can be performed by switching the processing steps suitable for the object to be measured in accordance with the motion characteristics of the object to be measured. There is an excellent effect that a speed measurement method capable of measuring the speed of a moving body can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a schematic configuration diagram of a measurement system when measuring the speed of a ball in an embodiment. FIG. 2B is a schematic configuration diagram of a measurement system when measuring the head speed of the bat in the embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a measuring device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a data processing operation in a data specifying unit of the measuring device.

FIG. 4 is a determination criterion table used in a data inclination determination in a data processing step of the data characteristic portion.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Measuring device 2 Bat 2a Head part 3 Batter 4 Ball 10 Ultrasonic wave transmitting unit 11 Ultrasonic wave transmitting device 20 Ultrasonic wave receiving unit 21 Ultrasonic wave receiver 25 Notch filter 26 Filter group 27 Signal detector group 27a Detector Operation switching unit 28 Signal selection unit 29 Output switching unit 30 Signal processing unit 31 Frequency measurement unit 32 Data identification unit 33 Speed calculation unit 34 Temperature measurement unit 36 Processing process switching unit 40 Display

Claims (4)

[Claims] A transmitting means for transmitting a wave generated based on a reference signal having a predetermined frequency toward a measuring object; a receiving means for receiving a reflected wave from the measuring object; A band-pass unit having a plurality of partial band-pass sections each having a pass band set in each of a plurality of sub-bands obtained by dividing a frequency band that a Doppler signal component of a reflected wave can take, and a Doppler signal component passing through the band-pass unit A speed calculating device for calculating a relative moving speed of the object to be measured based on the signal output means for outputting a Doppler signal component passed through the band-pass means to the speed calculating means; Output switching means for switching the output of the signal output means, so as to output only Doppler signal components that have passed through a predetermined specific partial band pass section from among the plurality of partial band pass sections. Speed measuring device, characterized in that provided. 2. A transmitting means for transmitting a wave generated based on a reference signal of a predetermined frequency toward an object to be measured, a receiving means for receiving a reflected wave from the object to be measured, A speed measuring device having a speed calculating means for calculating a relative moving speed of the object to be measured based on the Doppler signal component of the reflected wave, wherein a process for extracting a Doppler signal component used for speed calculation from the Doppler signal component, or Two or more speed calculating means different in processing for extracting the one used as the measurement result from the speeds calculated from the Doppler signal components are respectively different, and the speed at which the speed calculating means used for speed measurement is switched according to the measurement object A speed measuring device comprising an operation switching means. 3. A wave generated based on a reference signal having a predetermined frequency is transmitted toward a measuring object, a reflected wave from the measuring object is received, and a Doppler signal component of the reflected wave is obtained. Speed measurement for calculating a relative moving speed of the object to be measured based on a Doppler signal component obtained by passing through a plurality of sub-band pass sections each having a pass band set in each of a plurality of sub-bands obtained by dividing a frequency band to be obtained. In the method, a mode in which all of the plurality of partial bandpass sections are used and a mode in which some of the plurality of partial bandpass sections are used are switched according to the measurement object. Speed measurement method. 4. A wave generated based on a reference signal having a predetermined frequency is transmitted toward a measuring object, a reflected wave from the measuring object is received, and a wave is generated based on a Doppler signal component of the reflected wave. In the speed measurement method for calculating the relative moving speed of the measurement object, a processing step of extracting a component used for speed calculation from the Doppler signal components, or a measurement result from the speed calculated from the Doppler signal components A speed measuring method, comprising two or more processing steps for extracting an object, and switching a processing step used for speed measurement according to the object to be measured.