JP2001071157A - Build-up welding method and build-up welding apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To execute the build-up welding on the surface of a base material while restraining the deformation and the strength decline due to heat by shifting a friction member driven in correlation to a thin sheet-like welding material covering a recessed part arranged on the surface of the base material having the recessed part while the friction member is pushed to the welding material. SOLUTION: The thin sheet-like welding material 4 is set on the surface of the base material 3 so as to cover crack 3a. The welding material 4 is made of an aluminum alloy of the same material as the base material 3. In this state, the friction bar 1 is rotationally driven at a prescribed number of the rotations with a driving means 2, and also shifted while being pushed to the welding material 4. At this time, the friction heat is generated mainly by the tip surface 1a of the friction bar 1 contacting with the welding material 4. The welding material 4 and the base material 3 are heated with this friction to temperature lower than the melting point of the aluminum alloy forming these materials but heated to sufficient temperature to plastically fluidize. Further, the welding material 4 is plastically fluidized in the peripheral direction according to the rotation of the friction bar 1 and mixed and joined with the base material 3 to effect the build-up welding on the surface of the base material 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a build-up apparatus and a build-up method for building up a base material for wear and crack repair.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In mechanical parts and the like, recesses may be generated due to wear, cracks and the like. For example, when the machine component is a casting, a cavity generated on the surface by casting corresponds to this. If this recess exists on the sealing surface of the machine part,
Since there is a possibility that predetermined sealing characteristics may not be obtained, the overlay may be repaired in some cases.

[0003] Conventionally, this type of overlay is formed by arc welding, such as TIG welding (inert gas arc welding using a tungsten electrode), even when the base material is a light metal such as an aluminum alloy, like other metals. The surface was overlaid.

[0004]

However, the above-mentioned conventional overlaying apparatus and overlaying method have the following problems. When repairing light metals such as aluminum alloys, if the surface of the base metal is overlaid by fusion welding such as TIG welding, the temperature will be extremely high, so heat will cause deformation of parts and reduction in mechanical strength of the material. In some cases, poor build-up occurred.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and provides a cladding method and a cladding apparatus capable of forming a cladding on the surface of a base material while suppressing deformation and reduction in strength due to heat. It is intended to provide.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following constitution. The cladding method of the present invention is a cladding method for cladding a concave portion on a base material having a concave portion on a surface, wherein a thin plate-like welding material covering the concave portion is provided on the surface, and the welding is performed. A friction member driven relative to the material is moved while being pressed against the welding material.

[0007] The present invention also provides a cladding apparatus for cladding a concave portion on a surface of a base material having a concave portion on the surface thereof, wherein the thin plate-shaped welding plate is disposed on the surface and covers the concave portion. A friction member which is driven relative to the material and slidably contacts the welding material in a pressed state; and a driving means for driving the friction member relative to the welding member.

Therefore, in the cladding method and the cladding apparatus of the present invention, by driving the friction member and moving it in a pressed state against the welding material, the contact surface between the friction member and the welding material generates heat due to friction. The welding material is plasticized by the frictional heat, and the plasticizing component is caused to flow by driving the friction member to mix the welding material and the base material. At this time, since the temperature is not raised to the melting point of the base material, deformation and reduction in strength are suppressed,
Good overlaying on the surface of the base material is possible.

As the driving of the friction member, a rotational driving with respect to the welding material or a vibration driving along the surface of the base material can be applied.

[0010] Furthermore, the cladding method of the present invention is characterized in that:
In the cladding method according to any one of items 1 to 3, a protrusion protruding toward the welding material is provided at a tip of the friction member, and the friction member is relatively moved along the surface with respect to the welding material. It is characterized by the following.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cladding apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein a projection projecting toward the welding material is provided at a tip of the friction member. The driving means moves the friction member relative to the welding material along the surface.

Therefore, in these overlaying methods and overlaying devices, since the contact with the welding material is performed only on the projection and not on the entire surface of the friction member, the contact between the projection and the welding material becomes three-dimensional and the plasticity is increased. Flow occurs on a large scale. Since the welded material that has flowed plastically wraps around the protruding portion, it is possible to prevent a groove from being formed in the processed portion and the build-up portion from being thinned.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of a cladding method and a cladding apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a friction rod (friction member), 2 denotes a driving means, 3 denotes a base material, and 4 denotes a welding material.

As shown in FIG. 1, the cladding apparatus used in the cladding method according to the present embodiment builds and repairs a crack (recess) 3a on the surface of a base material 3 made of, for example, an aluminum alloy. A friction rod 1, which is a rotatable plug made of tool steel, and a driving means 2 for rotating the friction rod 1 at a predetermined number of revolutions with respect to a welding material 4 and for moving forward and backward in an axial direction. And Further, the driving means 2
Is configured to move the friction bar 1 two-dimensionally along the surface of the base material 3. In other words, the friction bar 1 is movable in a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system, and a machine tool such as a machining center can be used as a device that can realize such a configuration.

A method for overlaying the surface of the base material 3 by this overlaying apparatus will be described below. First, a thin plate-like welding material 4 of about 0.5 mm is formed on the surface of the base material 3 so as to cover the crack 3a.
Is installed. The welding material 4 is formed of an aluminum alloy of the same material as the base material 3, and when the crack 3a exists linearly, the welding material 4 is placed along the crack 3a.

Next, in this state, the friction rod 1 is
, And is moved while being pressed against the welding material 4. Here, crack 3a
Exists linearly, the friction rod 1 is relatively moved along the surface of the base material 3 in the length direction of the welding material 4 (the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1) while being pressed against the welding material 4. .

At this time, the tip surface 1a of the friction rod 1 mainly comes into contact with the welding material 4 to generate frictional heat. The welding material 4 and the base material 3 are heated at a temperature lower than the melting point of the aluminum alloy forming the welding material 4 and the base material 3 by the frictional heat.
And it is heated to a temperature sufficient for plastic flow. Further, with the rotation of the friction rod 1, the welding material 4 plastically flows in the circumferential direction, and is mixed with and joined to the base material 3, whereby the surface of the base material 3 is built up. Thereafter, the surface of the base material 3 is smoothed by performing mechanical processing such as polishing, thereby completing the build-up processing.

As described above, in the cladding method and cladding apparatus of the present embodiment, since the temperature is not raised to the melting point of the base material 3, deformation and a decrease in strength are suppressed, and good cladding on the surface is possible. Become. When the width of the overlay is increased, the diameter of the friction bar 1 may be increased, or the relative movement of the friction bar 1 may be performed plural times in parallel by changing the position.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a second embodiment of the cladding method and the cladding apparatus of the present invention. In this figure, the same elements as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. The difference between the second embodiment and the above-described first embodiment is that the cylindrical friction bar 1 is rotationally driven in the first embodiment, whereas the rectangular parallelepiped is in the second embodiment. The purpose is to vibrate the friction block (friction member) 5 having a shape along the surface of the base material 3.

That is, the friction block 5 of the present embodiment
Is driven by the driving means 2 at a predetermined frequency along the surface of the base material 3 in the longitudinal direction of the welding material 4 (in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 2), and is advanced and retracted toward the welding material 4. Configuration. Further, the friction block 5 includes the welding material 4
, Relative to the surface of the base material 3 in the direction of arrow A in the figure.

In the cladding apparatus of the present embodiment, the friction block 5 vibrates, so that the tip surface 5a contacts the welding material 4 to generate frictional heat. Then, the welding material 4 and the base material 3 are heated by the frictional heat to a temperature lower than the melting point of the aluminum alloy forming the welding material 4 and the base material 3 and to a temperature sufficient for plastic flow. further,
With the vibration of the friction block 5, the welding material 4 plastically flows in the vibration direction, and is mixed with the base material 3 and joined, whereby the surface of the base material 3 is built up. Thereafter, the surface of the base material 3 is smoothed by performing mechanical processing such as polishing, thereby completing the build-up processing. The vibration direction of the friction block 5 is
The direction is not limited to the above direction, and may be, for example, a direction orthogonal to the arrow B direction.

As described above, since the temperature is not raised to the melting point of the base material 3 in the cladding method and the cladding apparatus of the present embodiment, deformation and a decrease in strength are suppressed, and good cladding on the surface is possible. Become. When the width of the overlay is increased, the width of the friction block 5 may be increased, or the relative movement of the friction bar 1 may be changed plural times in parallel.

FIGS. 3 and 4 are views showing a third embodiment of the cladding method and the cladding apparatus of the present invention. In these drawings, the same elements as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. The difference between the third embodiment and the first embodiment is that a protrusion is provided at the tip of the friction bar.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the tip of the friction rod (friction member) 6 is directed toward the welding material 4 (for example, 0.1 mm).
A protruding conical portion 6a that protrudes is provided. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 4 (a), when the tip of the friction bar 1 is flat, the plastic flow is two-dimensional and small-scale, and the processed portion becomes groove-like and the build-up thickness becomes thin. However, in the cladding apparatus of the present embodiment, FIG.
As shown in (b), the contact between the projection 6a of the friction rod 6 and the welding material 4 becomes three-dimensional, and a large-scale plastic flow occurs. Further, when the friction rod 6 relatively moves in the direction of the arrow A, the welded material that has flowed plastically wraps around the protrusion 6a (particularly, in the rearward direction in the traveling direction), so that a groove is formed in the processed portion and the build-up occurs. The portion does not become thin, and better overlay and crack repair become possible.

The shape of the protrusion 6a is not limited to a conical shape, but may be, for example, a spherical protrusion. In the above embodiment, the friction rod or the friction block is configured to move with respect to the welding material 4.
The present invention is not limited to this. For example, a configuration may be employed in which only the welding material 4 moves or both move relatively. Further, a configuration in which a protrusion is provided on the lower surface of the friction block 5 driven by vibration may be employed.

[0027]

As described above, the cladding method according to the first aspect is a procedure in which a welding material for covering the concave portion is provided, and the friction member is moved while being pressed against the welding material.
Thereby, in this overlaying method, there is obtained an effect that deformation and strength reduction of the base material are suppressed, and a favorable overlay on the surface is enabled.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the friction member is driven to rotate with respect to the welding material. Thus, in this overlaying method, since the welding material plastically flows due to the rotation of the friction member, deformation and strength reduction of the base material can be suppressed, and an effect of enabling favorable overlaying on the surface can be obtained.

[0029] The overlaying method according to claim 3 is configured to drive the friction member to vibrate along the surface. Accordingly, in this overlaying method, since the welding material plastically flows due to the vibration of the friction member, the effect of suppressing deformation and reduction in strength of the base material and enabling satisfactory overlaying on the surface is obtained.

The overlay method according to claim 4 is a procedure in which a friction member having a projection at the tip is relatively moved with respect to the welding material. As a result, in this overlaying method, large-scale plastic flow occurs, and since the welded material that has undergone plastic flow wraps around the protrusion, a groove is generated in the processed portion and the overlay portion is not thinned. Therefore, an effect that more favorable overlay and crack repair can be obtained is obtained.

In the cladding apparatus according to the fifth aspect, the friction member moves in a pressed state against the thin plate-like welding material covering the concave portion, and the driving means relatively drives the friction member. Thereby, in this overlaying apparatus, the effect is obtained that the deformation and the decrease in strength of the base material are suppressed, and the overlaying with a good surface becomes possible.

In the cladding apparatus according to claim 6, the friction member is driven to rotate with respect to the welding material. Thereby, in this overlaying apparatus, since the welding material plastically flows due to the rotation of the friction member, deformation and strength reduction of the base material can be suppressed, and an effect of enabling good overlaying on the surface can be obtained.

[0033] The cladding apparatus according to claim 7 is configured such that the friction member is driven to vibrate along the surface. Thus, in this cladding apparatus, since the welding material plastically flows due to the vibration of the friction member, the deformation and strength reduction of the base material are suppressed, and an effect that a good cladding on the surface becomes possible is obtained.

[0034] In the cladding apparatus according to the eighth aspect, a projection is provided at the tip of the friction member, and the friction member moves relative to the welding material along the surface. This allows
In this cladding device, large-scale plastic flow occurs, and the welded material that has flowed plastic wraps around the protrusion,
Grooves do not occur in the processed part and the build-up part does not become thin,
The effect is obtained that better overlaying and crack repair become possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and is an external perspective view of a cladding device provided with a cylindrical friction bar.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a second embodiment of the present invention, and is an external perspective view of a build-up device including a rectangular parallelepiped friction block.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a third embodiment of the present invention, and is an external perspective view of a cladding device provided with a friction bar having a protrusion.

FIG. 4 (a) is a front view in which a friction bar according to the first embodiment is used to build up, and FIG. 4 (b) is a front view in which a friction bar according to the third embodiment is used to build up.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Friction rod (friction member) 2 Drive means 3 Base material 3a Crack (recess) 4 Welding material 5 Friction block (friction member) 6 Friction rod (friction member) 6a Projection

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Takeshi Kashiwagi 229 Togaya, Mizuho-cho, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo Ishikawashima-Harima Heavy Industries, Ltd. Mizuho Plant F-term (reference) 4E067 AA05 BG00 CA01 DA17 EA00

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A method for overlaying a concave portion on a base material having a concave portion on a surface, comprising: installing a thin plate-like welding material covering the concave portion on the surface; And moving the friction member which is relatively driven by pressing against the welding material. 2. The cladding method according to claim 1, wherein the friction member is driven to rotate with respect to the welding material. 3. The cladding method according to claim 1, wherein the friction member is driven to vibrate along the surface. 4. The cladding method according to claim 1, wherein a protrusion protruding toward the welding material is provided at a tip of the friction member, and the friction member is provided with respect to the welding material. A cladding method, wherein the cladding is relatively moved along the surface. 5. A cladding device for cladding a concave material on a base material having a concave portion on its surface, wherein the cladding device is driven relative to a thin plate-like welding material placed on the surface and covering the concave portion. A cladding device comprising: a friction member that moves in a pressed state against the welding material; and a driving unit that relatively drives the friction member. 6. The cladding apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said driving means drives said friction member to rotate relative to said welding material. 7. The cladding apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said driving means drives said friction member to vibrate along said surface. 8. The cladding device according to claim 5, wherein a protrusion protruding toward the welding material is provided at a tip of the friction member, and the driving unit is configured to control the frictional force. A build-up device for moving a member relative to the welding material along the surface.