JP2001063293A - Apparatus for transfer onto curved surface - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for transfer onto a curved surface which improves the curved surface following properties of a transfer sheet and also eliminates drooping, deformation, breakdown or the like of the transfer sheet due to heating, so that excellent transfer can be executed. SOLUTION: The transfer layer side of a transfer sheet S constituted of a substrate and a transfer layer is opposed to the indented surface side of a base material B to be subjected to transfer which has an indented surface. Solid particles P being made to collide with the substrate side of the transfer sheet S, the sheet is pressure-welded to the indented surface of the base material B by utilizing the pressure of collision of the particles and then the substrate of the transfer sheet S is removed by peeling so that the transfer layer is shifted and transferred onto the base material B. In an apparatus used for executing this method, a heating roller 16 for softening the substrate side of the transfer sheet S before impression of the transfer pressure by heating it beforehand by contact heat conduction, is provided. Softening of the substrate of the transfer sheet S is facilitated, the amount of deformation of the substrate is increased even in a high-speed processing, the properties of following up the indentations of the base material B are improved and thus excellent transfer can be executed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a decorative material for exterior and interior materials of a house, furniture, home electric appliances and the like, and more particularly to a curved surface transfer device for producing a decorative material having a decorative uneven surface. It is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Among such decorative materials having an uneven surface, a method of obtaining a decorative material having a large three-dimensional uneven surface is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-315095. Technology has been proposed. That is, the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet including the support and the transfer layer is opposed to the uneven surface of the base material to be transferred, and solid particles are sprayed and collided against the support side of the transfer sheet, and the collision pressure of the solid particles is increased. U.S. Pat. No. 6,064,067 discloses a transfer sheet which can be transferred by pressing and contacting the transfer sheet by following the surface unevenness of the substrate to be transferred.

In the above-mentioned publication, it is described that a transfer sheet is heated (preheated) or solid particles are heated as necessary before transfer. Heating before transfer
This is performed for the extensibility of the transfer sheet, the activation of the adhesive layer, and the heating of the substrate bonding surface. Examples of the heating means include heater heating, infrared heating, dielectric heating, induction heating, and hot air heating. A contact-type heating means is mentioned. On the other hand, the heating of the solid particles uses the solid particles as a heating source for a transfer sheet or the like, and is heated at the same time as the close contact of the transfer.

[0004]

However, when the transfer sheet is heated in a non-contact manner before the transfer, the transfer pressure is applied while the transfer sheet is in a softened state. The transferred transfer sheet hangs down due to its own weight, or the transfer sheet undergoes dimensional change or thickening due to heat shrinkage or release of residual stress.
Alternatively, in the case of hot air heating, the transfer sheet is deformed by vibrating due to wind pressure and may be severely broken. In addition, the method of heating the solid particles alone does not sufficiently soften the transfer sheet, and also reduces the stress relaxation of the support against the collision force of the solid particles. There is a problem that solid particles adhere to the surface.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to improve the followability of unevenness of a transfer sheet and to cause the transfer sheet to sag, deform, or break due to heating. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a curved surface transfer device capable of performing good transfer by eliminating such factors.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a curved transfer apparatus of the present invention comprises a transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer on an uneven surface side of a transfer-receiving substrate having an uneven surface. The transfer layer side is opposed, solid particles collide from the support side of the transfer sheet, and the transfer sheet is pressed against the uneven surface of the base material to be transferred by using the collision pressure. In the apparatus used to carry out the method of transferring and transferring the transfer layer to the substrate to be transferred by peeling and removing the transfer layer, the support side of the transfer sheet before the application of the transfer pressure is heated by contact heat conduction in advance. A heating roller for softening is provided.

[0007] In the curved surface transfer apparatus having the above-described structure, a heating means may be further provided between the heating by the heating roller and the collision of the solid particles, or a heating means for heating the solid particles. A device may be provided.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail.

[Substrate to be Transferred] The substrate to be used in the present invention may, of course, have a flat surface to be transferred. In particular, the substrate to be transferred has three-dimensional irregularities. In the present invention, as will be described later, since the collision pressure of a group of solid particles that behave fluidly is used, the three-dimensional shape of the surface irregularities has essentially no planar direction of the pressure application region. (This directionality is the direction of the temporal position change of a point on the transfer-receiving substrate to which pressure is applied.) Therefore, a shape having irregularities in the transfer direction of the transfer sheet or the transfer-receiving substrate is considered. The substrate to be transferred may be used. That is, two-dimensional unevenness having unevenness only in one direction such as only in the feed direction or only in the width direction, etc.
This means that the present invention can be applied to three-dimensional unevenness having unevenness in a direction. The point that the collision pressure of the solid particle group does not have directionality is that the ejector that ejects the solid particles is placed so that the single-sheet transfer sheet is placed on the substrate to be transferred and pressed into contact one by one. This can be easily understood by considering how the area to which the collision pressure is applied moves by moving or transferring the transfer sheet and the base material to be transferred while fixing the ejector.

The substrate to be transferred is not limited to a flat plate material (having an envelope shape) as a whole, but may be a substrate having two-dimensional irregularities that are convex or concave in an arc shape and are curved in the feeding direction or width direction. Alternatively, the curved surface may have finer three-dimensional surface irregularities. In the present invention, whether to transfer the two-dimensional irregularities having an arc-shaped cross section of the base material to be transferred, for example, in the width direction or in the feed direction is arbitrary in consideration of workability and the like. Can be.

It is also possible to use a substrate to be transferred having an uneven surface having fine irregularities superimposed on large irregularities, or a substrate having a surface to be transferred to the bottom of the concave portion or the inner surface of the concave portion of the irregular surface. . The large irregularities and the fine irregularities are, for example, as shown in the main part enlarged perspective view of FIG. 8, the irregularities of the base material to be transferred are large irregularities 401 and 402 and the minute irregularities 403 on the convex portions 402. The large irregularities have a step of 1 to 10 mm, a width of the concave portion of 1 to 10 mm, and a width of the convex portion of 5 mm or more. The fine irregularities have a step and a width. Both are smaller than the large uneven shape, specifically, the step is about 0.1 to 5 mm, the width of the concave portion and the width of the convex portion are 0.1 mm or more, and 1/2 of the width of the convex portion of the large uneven shape. Less than about.

As a specific example of an uneven pattern of a decorative material which is formed of a combination of large and small irregularities and fine irregularities and has three-dimensional surface irregularities, for example, there are joints and grooves as large irregularities. It has a two-dimensional array pattern of tiles, bricks, stones, etc., and has fine irregularities on the spray painted surface such as stucco, lysine etc. Joints, grooves, as a stone-grained uneven pattern having a large pattern, etc.
It has a siding pattern, shaved wood pattern, and a floating wood grain pattern, and a conduit groove as fine irregularities on it, a raised annual ring,
Wood-grain uneven patterns having a hairline or the like can be given.

Each of the surfaces constituting the concave-convex surface is arbitrary, including only a flat surface, only a curved surface, or a combination of a flat surface and a curved surface. Therefore, the curved surface on the substrate to be transferred according to the present invention also means an uneven surface having no curved surface composed of only a plurality of planes, such as a tooth profile of a clog. Further, the curvature referred to in the present invention is:
The case of an infinite curvature (curvature radius = 0) that is angular like a periphery of a side or a vertex of a cube is also included. In addition, in order to make the surface of the transfer-receiving substrate have desired irregularities, press working, embossing, extrusion, cutting, molding, or the like may be used.

The material of the substrate to be transferred is arbitrary.
If it is a board material, a non-porcelain ceramic board such as a calcium silicate board, an extruded cement board, a slag cement board, an ALC (lightweight foamed concrete) board, a GRC (glass fiber reinforced concrete) board, a pulp cement board, a cedar, a pine, Wood veneer, wood plywood, particle board, laminated wood, medium density fiberboard (MDF) made of oak, lauan, teak, etc.
Wood plate, metal plate such as iron, aluminum, copper, etc.
Ceramics such as ceramics and glass, polypropylene, A
A resin molded product such as a BS resin or a phenol resin may be used.

Further, an easy-adhesion primer for assisting the adhesion with the adhesive or a sealer for sealing and sealing fine irregularities and porosity on the surface is applied to the surface of the substrate to be transferred in advance. You may keep it. A resin such as an isocyanate, a two-part curable urethane resin, an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, or a vinyl acetate resin is applied as an easy-adhesion primer or a sealer.

[Transfer Sheet] The transfer sheet is composed of a support and a transfer layer that transfers and transfers. The transfer layer comprises at least a decorative layer or a functional layer. Further, the adhesive may be formed on the transfer sheet as an adhesive layer that becomes a part of the transfer layer. In addition, in order to easily remove the residual air embraced between the transfer-receiving substrate surface and the transfer sheet,
If necessary, a large number of small holes may be formed in the entire surface of the transfer sheet so as to penetrate the entire layer of the transfer sheet.

(Support) As a support of the transfer sheet,
At least at the time of transfer, a support that develops stretchability by heating is used. Due to the extensibility, the transfer sheet can adhere to and transfer to the inside of the concave portion on the surface of the substrate to be transferred when the collision pressure of the solid particles is applied. The stretchability of the entire transfer sheet is mainly governed by the stretchability of the support. Therefore, a conventionally known thermoplastic resin film is used for the support. When a thermoplastic resin film is used for the support, there is almost no stretchability during the formation of a transfer layer such as a decorative layer, and at the time of transfer, sufficient stretchability is exhibited by heating, and after cooling, the deformed shape is maintained, and elasticity is maintained. A transfer sheet that can be used in the present invention can be easily prepared as a transfer sheet that does not cause the shape to be restored by the method described above, similarly to a conventionally known ordinary transfer sheet.

As a specific example of the support, from the viewpoint of stretchability,
Even a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film, which has been widely used, can express necessary and sufficient stretchability by setting heating conditions, collision pressure conditions, and the like depending on the surface unevenness, so that curved surface transfer is possible. However, preferred supports that easily exhibit stretchability at lower temperature and pressure are, for example, ethylene terephthalate / isophthalate copolymer polyester, thermoplastic polyester resin such as polybutylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polymethylpentene, Polyolefin resin such as ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-propylene-butene terpolymer, vinyl chloride resin, polyamide resin, or natural rubber, synthetic rubber, olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer, urethane-based thermoplastic elastomer, etc. Alternatively, a resin film having a single layer or different layers may be used as a mixture. These resin films are preferably low stretched or unstretched. For example, specifically, a polypropylene-based thermoplastic elastomer film is one of the supports that are excellent in stretching properties, do not generate hydrochloric acid gas during waste combustion, and are also environmentally friendly. The thickness of the support is
Usually, it is 20 to 200 μm.

If necessary, the support may be provided with a release layer on the transfer layer side to improve the releasability from the transfer layer. The release layer is removed together with the support from the transfer layer when the support is released. As the release layer, for example, a simple substance such as a silicone resin, a melamine resin, a polyamide resin, a urethane resin, a polyolefin resin, a wax, or a mixture containing these is used.

If an uneven pattern is provided on the surface of the support that is in contact with the transfer layer, the uneven pattern can be formed on the surface of the transfer layer after transfer. The uneven pattern is, for example,
There are hairline, line-shaped groove, uneven pattern of cleavage face of granite, wood grain conduit groove, wood grain ring pattern, cloth texture surface texture, skin squeezing, characters, geometric pattern and so on. The formation of the concavo-convex pattern is performed by embossing, sandblasting, or hairline processing the resin sheet of the support by hot pressing, or forming the ink (2) using a resin having a releasing property as a binder on the support. Liquid-cured urethane, silicone resin, melamine resin, polyfunctional acrylate or methacrylate monomer or prepolymer that crosslinks with ultraviolet light or electron beam, etc.). There is a method of providing a layer and forming a support having a shaping layer. The shaping layer has the function of the release layer.

(Transfer Layer) The transfer layer of the transfer sheet comprises at least a decorative layer or a functional layer, and a release layer, an adhesive layer or the like may be a component of the transfer layer as appropriate.
In the configuration having the adhesive layer, it is possible to omit applying the adhesive to one or both of the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred at the time of transfer.

The decorative layer is formed by printing a pattern or the like with a conventionally known method such as gravure printing, silk screen printing, offset printing, or the like, and a material such as aluminum, chromium, gold, or silver by a known vapor deposition method. A metal thin film layer or the like formed on the target or on the entire surface, which is used according to the application. As the pattern, according to the surface irregularities of the substrate to be transferred,
A wood pattern, a stone pattern, a cloth pattern, a tile pattern, a brick pattern, a leather pattern, a character, a geometric pattern, a solid pattern, and the like are used. The picture layer ink is composed of a vehicle such as a binder, a coloring agent such as a pigment or a dye, and various additives appropriately added thereto. For the binder, a simple substance such as an acrylic resin, a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyurethane resin, a fluororesin, or a mixture containing these is used. As the pigment of the colorant, inorganic pigments such as titanium white, carbon black, red iron oxide, graphite, and ultramarine blue, and organic pigments such as aniline black, quinacridone, isoindolinone, and phthalocyanine blue are used. Examples of the functional layer include a conductive layer (which functions as an electromagnetic wave shielding layer, an antistatic layer, and the like) made of a thin metal film of high conductivity such as aluminum or silver, a zeolite powder carrying silver ions, and 10,10′-oxybisphenoxyarsine. And antibacterial agents and the like. As the transfer layer, both the decorative layer and the functional layer may be used in combination.

The release layer is provided between the support or the release layer and the decorative layer to adjust the releasability thereof and to protect the surface of the decorative layer after the transfer. This is the same as a conventionally known transfer sheet. For the release layer, for example, a resin or the like used as a binder for the picture layer ink is used. The release layer is transferred to the transfer-receiving substrate together with the decorative layer during transfer, and covers the surface of the decorative layer.

[Adhesive] The adhesive is used as an adhesive layer constituting a transfer layer of a transfer sheet or an adhesive layer on a substrate to be transferred.
Apply by online coating or offline coating before or immediately before transfer. When applied to a substrate to be transferred, the adhesive layer of the transfer sheet can be omitted. The adhesive to be used may be appropriately selected depending on the application, required physical properties, and the like. When a liquid is used as the solid particle accelerating fluid, an adhesive that is insoluble in the liquid is selected.

As the adhesive, for example, a heat-sensitive adhesive,
Moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesives, hot-melt adhesives, moisture-curable hot-melt adhesives, two-component curable adhesives, ionizing radiation-curable adhesives, water-based adhesives, or pressure-sensitive adhesives with adhesives Various adhesives can be used.

As the heat-sensitive adhesive, any of a heat-sealing adhesive using a thermoplastic resin and a thermosetting adhesive using a thermosetting resin can be used. However, from the point that bonding is completed in a short time, a heat-fusion type (heat-sensitive adhesive)
Is preferred. The adhesive may be diluted with a solvent or without a solvent, or may be a liquid or a solid at room temperature, and may be used as appropriate. In the case of an adhesive other than a pressure-sensitive adhesive exhibiting tackiness, a transfer layer can be formed with only a single adhesive layer. If a coloring agent such as a pigment is added to the adhesive layer, it can be said that the entire layer is a decorative layer composed of a solid ink layer. Examples of the heat-sensitive adhesive include conventionally known adhesives such as vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylic resin, thermoplastic polyester resin, thermoplastic urethane resin, and polyamide resin obtained by condensation polymerization of dimer acid and ethylenediamine. Can be used. As the thermosetting adhesive, diallyl phthalate resin, thermosetting urethane resin, epoxy resin, or the like can be used.

The moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive is also a kind of heat-sensitive adhesive. The moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive is
Since the curing reaction proceeds with the moisture in the air when left naturally, it is applied immediately before transfer from the viewpoint of work stability. Immediately after transfer, the moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive has the same adhesive strength as a normal heat-melt adhesive, but the cross-linking / curing reaction gradually proceeds with moisture in the air due to natural standing. It is excellent in heat resistance without creep deformation and heat melting, and a large adhesive strength can be obtained. However, in order to promote crosslinking and curing of the adhesive by moisture after the transfer is completed, the decorative board after the transfer is left to cure in air containing moisture. Preferable atmospheric conditions for curing are generally a relative humidity of 50% RH or more and a temperature of 10%.
° C or higher. When the temperature and the relative humidity are both higher, the curing is completed in a shorter time. The standard curing completion time is usually about 10 hours in an atmosphere of 20 ° C. and 60% RH.

The moisture-curing heat-sensitive adhesive is a composition containing a prepolymer having an isocyanate group at a molecular terminal as an essential component. The prepolymer is usually a polyisocyanate prepolymer having one or more isocyanate groups at both molecular terminals, and is a solid thermoplastic resin at room temperature. Isocyanate groups react with each other due to moisture in the air to cause a chain extension reaction, and as a result, a reactant having a urea bond in a molecular chain is generated,
The urea bond further reacts with the isocyanate group at the molecular terminal to cause a biuret bond and branch to cause a crosslinking reaction.

The skeleton structure of the molecular chain of the prepolymer having an isocyanate group at the molecular terminal is arbitrary, and specific examples include a polyurethane skeleton having a urethane bond, a polyester skeleton having an ester bond, and a polybutadiene skeleton. Adhesive properties can be adjusted by appropriately employing one or more of these skeletal structures. When a urethane bond is present in the molecular chain, the terminal isocyanate group also reacts with the urethane bond to generate an allophanate bond, which also causes a cross-linking reaction.

Specific examples of the polyisocyanate prepolymer include, for example, a polyol having an isocyanate group at a molecular terminal obtained by reacting an excess polyisocyanate with a polyol;
There is a urethane prepolymer having a polyurethane skeleton having a urethane bond in a molecular chain. Also, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 14287, a polyester skeleton and a polybutadiene skeleton obtained by adding a polyester polyol and a polyol having a polybutadiene skeleton in an arbitrary order to a polyisocyanate and subjecting them to an addition reaction are bonded by a urethane bond. Crystalline urethane prepolymer having a modified structure and having an isocyanate group at the molecular terminal, or a molecule obtained by reacting a polycarbonate-based polyol with a polyisocyanate as disclosed in JP-A-2-305882. 2 in
Examples include a polycarbonate-based urethane prepolymer having at least two isocyanate groups, and a polyester-based urethane prepolymer having two or more isocyanate groups in a molecule obtained by reacting a polyester-based polyol with a polyisocyanate.

In addition, the moisture-curable heat-sensitive adhesive includes:
In addition to the above-mentioned various polyisocyanate prepolymers, in order to adjust various physical properties, a thermoplastic resin, a tackifier, a plasticizer, a filler (an extender pigment), a coloring pigment, Various auxiliary materials such as a curing catalyst, a moisture removing agent, a storage stabilizer and an antioxidant are added.

The ionizing radiation-curable resin which can be used as the ionizing radiation-curable adhesive is a composition curable by ionizing radiation. Specifically, a radical polymerizable unsaturated bond or a cationic polymerizable A prepolymer (including a so-called oligomer) having a group and / or a composition which is appropriately mixed with a monomer and curable by ionizing radiation is preferably used. These prepolymers or monomers are used alone or as a mixture of two or more.

The above-mentioned prepolymer or monomer specifically has a radical polymerizable unsaturated group such as a (meth) acryloyl group and a (meth) acryloyloxy group, a cationic polymerizable functional group such as an epoxy group in the molecule. Consisting of a compound having Further, a polyene / thiol prepolymer based on a combination of a polyene and a polythiol is also preferably used. In addition, for example, a (meth) acryloyl group means an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group.

Examples of the prepolymer having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group include polyester (meth) acrylate, urethane (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth)
Acrylate, melamine (meth) acrylate, triazine (meth) acrylate and the like can be used. A molecular weight of about 250 to 100,000 is usually used.

Examples of the monomer having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group include monofunctional monomers such as methyl (meth)
Acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, and the like. Further, as the polyfunctional monomer, there are trimethylpropane tri (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane ethylene oxide tri (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate and the like.

Examples of the prepolymer having a cationically polymerizable functional group include prepolymers of epoxy resins such as bisphenol epoxy resins and novolak epoxy compounds, and vinyl ether resins such as fatty acid vinyl ethers and aromatic vinyl ethers. .

Examples of thiols include polythiols such as trimethylolpropane trithioglycolate and pentaerythritol tetrathioglycolate. Examples of the polyene include those obtained by adding allyl alcohol to both ends of a polyurethane made of a diol and a diisocyanate.

When curing with ultraviolet light or visible light, a photopolymerization initiator is further added to the ionizing radiation-curable resin. In the case of a resin system having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group, acetophenones, benzophenones, thioxanthones, and benzoins can be used alone or in combination as a photopolymerization initiator. In the case of a resin having a cationically polymerizable functional group, an aromatic diazonium salt, an aromatic sulfonium salt, an aromatic iodonium salt, a metallocene compound, or the like can be used alone or as a mixture as a photopolymerization initiator. The addition amount of these photopolymerization initiators is about 0.1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the ionizing radiation-curable resin.

As the ionizing radiation, electromagnetic waves or charged particles having energy capable of crosslinking the molecules in the adhesive are used. Usually, ultraviolet rays or electron beams are used, but visible rays, X-rays, ion beams, or the like can also be used. As the ultraviolet light source, a light source such as a high-pressure mercury lamp, a low-pressure mercury lamp, a carbon arc lamp, and a black light is used. The wavelength of the ultraviolet light is usually 190
The wavelength range of ３380 nm is mainly used. As the electron beam source, various types of electron beam accelerators such as Cockcroft-Walton type, Van degraft type, resonance transformer type, insulating core transformer type, or linear type, dynamitron type, high frequency type, etc. are used, preferably 100 to 1000 keV, preferably. Is 100
A device that irradiates electrons having an energy of about 300 keV is used.

If necessary, a thermoplastic resin such as a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer or an acrylic resin may be added to the ionizing radiation-curable resin. If used without adding a diluting solvent, it becomes a hot melt adhesive.

When an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive is used, an ionizing radiation irradiating device for irradiating an ultraviolet ray or an electron beam to a curved surface transfer device can be incorporated. The irradiation is performed during, after, or after and after the application of the collision pressure.

Further, various additives can be added to the various resins used for the adhesive, if necessary. These additives include, for example, extenders (fillers) composed of fine powders such as calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, silica, and alumina, and thixotropic agents such as organic bentonite (especially for transfer-receiving substrates having a large uneven step). In this case, the adhesive may be added to prevent the adhesive from flowing into the concave portion from the convex portion.).

To apply the adhesive to a sheet such as a transfer sheet or a substrate to be transferred, a solvent (or a dispersion medium) such as water or an organic solvent is used.
In the form of a solution (or dispersion) dissolved (or dispersed) in
Alternatively, a hot-melt thermoplastic composition or a room-temperature liquid uncured resin is applied in the form of a solvent-free resin liquid. As a coating method,
What is necessary is just to apply by the solution coating by gravure roll coat etc. which is a conventionally well-known coating method, or the melt coating (melt coating) method by an applicator etc. When used without adding a diluting solvent, solvent drying is unnecessary. For example, heat-sensitive adhesives can be used as solventless hot-melt adhesives, respectively. In addition, an ionizing radiation-curable adhesive or the like can be applied without a solvent. When used as a hot-melt adhesive, there is no solvent, so solvent drying is unnecessary even immediately before transfer, and high-speed production is possible. The amount of the adhesive applied varies depending on the composition of the adhesive, the type of the substrate to be transferred, and the surface state.
Usually, it is about 10 to ²⁰⁰ g / m ² (solid content).

It should be noted that a heat-sensitive adhesive is used as the adhesive,
The timing of heating to activate and heat-bond the adhesive may be before applying the collision pressure, during the application of the collision pressure, or before and during the application of the collision pressure. The heating of the adhesive is performed by heating the transfer sheet or the substrate to be transferred. The material to which the adhesive has been applied (the transfer sheet or the substrate to be transferred) may be heated, the material to which the adhesive is not applied may be heated, or both materials may be heated. Good. Also,
For the heating during the application of the collision pressure, heated solid particles or a fluid for accelerating the solid particles may be used as the heating fluid.

On the other hand, if the transfer sheet follows the surface shape of the substrate to be transferred and is formed, and the adhesive is sufficiently activated, cooling of the adhesive may be promoted by cooling means such as cold air. Cold air is blown from the transfer sheet side or the transfer-receiving substrate side. In addition, cooling solid particles and cooling fluid can also be used as cooling means. The promotion of cooling also prevents the transfer sheet formed following the inside of the concave portion of the concave-convex surface of the transfer-receiving substrate from returning to the case where there is a restoring force after releasing the collision pressure.

[Solid Particles] Solid particles include non-metallic inorganic particles such as glass beads, ceramic beads, calcium carbonate beads, alumina beads, zirconia beads, corundum beads, and alundum beads.
Iron or carbon steel, iron alloys such as stainless steel, aluminum, or aluminum alloys such as duralumin, titanium,
Metal particles such as metal beads such as zinc, or organic particles such as resin beads such as fluororesin beads, nylon beads, silicone resin beads, urethane resin beads, urea resin beads, phenol resin beads, crosslinked rubber beads, or metals And inorganic / resin composite particles composed of an inorganic particle and a resin. The shape is preferably spherical, but spheroidal, polyhedral, scaly, amorphous, and other shapes can also be used. The particle size of the solid particles is usually about 10 to 1000 μm.

The solid particles can also serve as a heating means and a cooling means. In addition to the preheating of the transfer sheet, the use of heated heated solid particles can further ensure the heat activation of the adhesive and the promotion of its crosslinking and curing, or the improvement of the stretchability by heating the transfer sheet. . In this case, after the transfer sheet is heated in advance by the heating roller before the application of the collision pressure, the transfer sheet is cooled before the transfer pressure is applied to the transfer sheet. it can. On the other hand, for the purpose of promoting cooling after bonding, solid particles having a temperature lower than the temperature of the adhesive at the time of bonding can be used as the cooling solid particles. The solid particles may be used in combination with a part or all of the solid particles as heated solid particles or cooled solid particles, or after colliding heated solid particles with cooled solid particles. In addition, the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred by other heating methods,
It is also possible to sufficiently heat an adhesive or the like that requires heating, and use the cooled solid particles to form the transfer sheet, bond and cool almost simultaneously.

In order to heat or cool the solid particles, when the solid particles are stored in a tank such as a hopper or the like, a heating means such as an electric heater, heated steam, or a refrigerant provided in the tank or on the outer wall of the tank, and cooling. It may be done by means. Further, these means may be provided on the outer wall of the solid particle transport tube to heat or cool the solid particle transport tube. Alternatively, when a fluid is used for accelerating the solid particles, the solid particles can be cooled or heated by heat conduction from the fluid using a cooled or heated fluid. In this case, by causing the fluid to collide with the transfer sheet, the fluid can be used as heating or cooling means together with the solid particles. Alternatively, in the case where the fluid is a liquid and a tank for storing solid particles together with the liquid is used, the solid particles and the liquid may be cooled or heated during storage.

[Application of Impact Pressure by Solid Particles] In order to strike the solid particles against the transfer sheet and apply the impact pressure to press the transfer sheet against the substrate to be transferred, the solid particles are ejected from the solid particle ejecting means for ejecting the solid particles. The particles are ejected toward the transfer sheet to apply a collision pressure to the transfer sheet. As the solid particle ejecting means, for example, an ejector using a rotating impeller (see FIGS. 1 to 4) or an ejector using an ejection nozzle (see FIG. 5) is used as a particle accelerator. The ejector using the impeller accelerates and ejects solid particles by rotation of the impeller. An ejector using an ejection nozzle accelerates and transports solid particles by a high-speed fluid flow of the fluid using a solid-particle accelerating fluid, and ejects the solid particles together with the fluid. Sand blast or shot blast for impeller and blow nozzle,
Shot peening and blasting can be used. For example, a centrifugal blast device is used for the impeller, and a pressurized or suction blast device, a wet blast device, or the like is used for the blowing nozzle. Centrifugal blasting equipment
The solid particles are accelerated and ejected by the impeller's rotational force. The pressurized blast device ejects solid particles mixed with compressed air together with air. The suction-type blast device sucks solid particles into a negative pressure portion generated by a high-speed flow of compressed air, and ejects the solid particles together with the air. The wet blast device mixes and ejects solid particles with a liquid.

As the means for ejecting solid particles, a method of accelerating solid particles by using free fall due to gravity, a method of accelerating magnetic particles by a magnetic field, and the like besides the blowing nozzle and the impeller may be employed. Is also possible. In the case of an impeller, a solid particle ejecting unit using gravity and a magnetic field, the solid particles can be ejected toward the transfer sheet in a vacuum.

[Ejector: Impeller] FIGS. 1 to 4 are explanatory views showing an example of an impeller which can be used as a particle accelerator of the ejector. This impeller corresponds to a centrifugal blast device used in the blasting field.

In the drawing, the impeller 812 includes a plurality of blades 8.
13 is fixed on both sides by two side plates 814, and the center of rotation is a hollow portion 815 without blades 813. Further, a direction controller 816 is provided inside the hollow portion 815. The direction controller 816 has a hollow cylindrical shape having an opening 817 that is partially open in the circumferential direction.
The rotation axis is the same as the rotation axis 12 and is rotatable independently of the impeller. The direction controller 816 fixes the opening 817 in a predetermined direction when used. Further, a hollow impeller 8 is provided inside the direction controller 816.
Another impeller having the same rotation axis as the twelve rotation axes is included as a sprayer 818 (see FIG. 3). Sprayer 818
Rotates with the outer impeller 812. A rotating shaft 819 is fixed to the center of rotation of the side plate 814. The rotating shaft 819 is rotatably supported by a bearing 820, and is driven and rotated by a rotating power source (not shown) such as an electric motor. The impeller 812 rotates. The rotation shaft 819 is
It does not penetrate between the two side plates 814 having the blades 813 therebetween, and forms a space without a shaft.

Then, the solid particles P
Is supplied from a hopper or the like of the solid particle storage / heating means through a transport pipe. Usually, the solid particles P are supplied from above (directly above or obliquely above) the impeller 812. The solid particles P supplied into the sprayer 818 scatter outside by the impeller of the sprayer 818. The scattered solid particles P are supplied to the direction controller 816.
Only in the direction allowed by the opening 817 of the
It is supplied between the blades 813 of the outer impeller 812. Then, it collides with the blade 813 and the impeller 81
It is accelerated by the rotation force of 2 and ejects from the impeller 812.

The direction in which the solid particles are ejected is substantially vertically downward as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, but may be horizontally or obliquely downward (not shown). FIG. 4 (A) and FIG.
FIG. 4B is a conceptual diagram of the ejection direction control for adjusting the ejection direction of the solid particles P by setting the direction of the opening 817 of the direction controller 816 (FIGS. 4A and 4B show the direction controller 816).
Are fixed at the illustrated positions). Note that the direction controller 816 can also adjust the ejection amount of the solid particles P by adjusting the size of the opening 817 in the circumferential direction and the width direction.

In FIG. 1, the rotating shaft 819 is configured so as to be only outside the side plate 814 and not penetrate to the hollow portion 815. In addition, the rotating shaft 819 is thinner than the diameter of the hollow portion 815. Penetrating to the hollow part 815,
It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the inside of a hollow cylindrical rotary shaft provided with an opening for passing solid particles on the outer periphery is a hollow part (not shown).

The shape of the blade of the impeller is typically a rectangular flat plate (a rectangular parallelepiped) as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, but other than this, a curved curved plate, a propeller shape such as a screw propeller or the like may be used. It is also possible to select according to the application and purpose. Further, the number of blades is usually selected from a plurality of blades in a range of up to about 10 blades. And the shape of the impeller, the number of blades, the rotation speed, the mass and supply speed and supply direction of the solid particles,
The ejection direction, ejection speed, projection density, ejection diffusion angle, etc. of the accelerated solid particles are adjusted by the combination of the opening size and orientation of the direction controller.

Further, the impeller described above is further provided with an ejection guide (not shown) for opening only the ejection and ejection portion of the solid particles and covering the periphery of the other impellers, if necessary. And the ejection direction of solid particles can be controlled. The shape of the opening of the ejection guide is, for example, a hollow cylindrical shape, a polygonal column shape, a conical shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, a fish tail shape, or the like.

The dimensions of the impeller are usually about 5 to 60 cm in diameter, the width of the impeller is about 5 to 20 cm, the length of the impeller is about the diameter of the impeller, and the rotation speed of the impeller is 500 to 5000 r.
pm. The ejection speed of the solid particles is 10 to 50 m /
s, and the projection density is about 10 to 150 kg / m ² .

The material of the blades of the impeller may be appropriately selected from ceramics, metals such as steel, high chromium cast steel, titanium, and titanium alloy according to the type of solid particles. Solid particles are accelerated by contact with the blades, so when metal beads or inorganic particles are used for the solid particles, the particles are hard, so the blades should be made of high-chromium cast steel or ceramic with good wear resistance. . When resin beads are used as the solid particles, steel may be used because they are softer than metal particles.

[Blowing Nozzle] FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of an example of a blowing device 840 using a blowing nozzle as a solid particle blowing means for blowing solid particles together with a fluid. Note that the ejector 840 shown in the figure uses gas as a solid particle accelerating fluid,
It is an example of an ejector in a form in which the gas and the solid particles are mixed and ejected when the solid particles are ejected. The ejector 840 shown in the figure includes an induction chamber 841 for mixing the solid particles P and the fluid F, and an induction chamber 8
The nozzle 41 includes an internal nozzle 842 for ejecting the fluid F into the nozzle 41, and an ejection nozzle 844 for ejecting the solid particles P and the fluid F from the nozzle opening 843. Fluid F sent from a compressor or a blower (not shown) through a pressurized tank (not shown) as appropriate,
Blowing nozzle 8 from internal nozzle 842 through induction chamber 841
When jetting from the nozzle opening 843 of the nozzle 44, the guiding chamber 8
At 41, a negative pressure is created by the action of the fluid flow flowing at high speed, and the negative pressure guides and mixes the solid particles into the fluid flow, accelerates and transports the solid particles with the fluid flow, and causes the nozzle opening 843 of the blowing nozzle 844 to flow. And is ejected together with the fluid flow.

It should be noted that the blowing nozzle includes a blowing nozzle using a liquid as a solid particle accelerating fluid. In the case of liquid, the fluid and solid particles are mixed and stored in a pressurized tank (not shown) by, for example, a pump (not shown, when the fluid is a liquid), and the mixed liquid is discharged from the nozzle opening of the blowing nozzle. What gushes etc. is used.

The shape of the nozzle opening includes a hollow columnar shape, a polygonal column shape, a conical shape, a polygonal pyramid shape, a fish tail shape, and the like. The fluid pressure is generally about 0.1 to 100 kg / cm ^{2 in} spray pressure. The flow velocity of the fluid flow is usually about 1 to 20 m / sec for the liquid flow, and is usually about 5 to 80 m / sec for the air flow.

The material of the ejector such as the guide chamber and the nozzle may be appropriately selected from ceramics, steel, titanium, titanium alloys and the like according to the type of solid particles and fluid. If the fluid is a liquid, select a material that does not cause rust, dissolution, corrosion, etc. For example, if the fluid is water, stainless steel, titanium,
Uses titanium alloy, synthetic resin, and ceramic. However,
If the surface is waterproofed, steel or the like may be used.

The solid particles pass along the inner wall of the ejector, but when metal beads or inorganic particles are used as the solid particles, the particles are hard. It is preferable to use steel or the like whose surface is coated with ceramics. When resin beads are used as the solid particles, carbon beads (ordinary steel) may be used because they are softer than metal particles.

[Fluid] The fluid is used when the solid particles are accelerated and conveyed by the fluid flow, and the solid particles are ejected together with the fluid from the solid particle ejection means (eg, an ejection nozzle). The fluid is a solid particle acceleration fluid that accelerates the solid particles. Either a gas or a liquid can be used as the fluid, but usually a gas that is easy to handle is used. The gas is typically air, but may be carbon dioxide, nitrogen or the like. On the other hand, the liquid is not necessarily limited, but is nonflammable,
Water is one of the preferred materials because of its ease of drying, non-toxicity, low cost, and availability. In addition, nonflammable liquids such as chlorofluorocarbon can be used. Liquids (as well as gases)
Can collide with the transfer sheet together with the solid particles.

[Impacting pressure application mode] Although only one jetting device can be used depending on the area of the impacting pressure application area, if the required area is large, a plurality of jetting devices are used to impinge on the transfer sheet. The region may have a desired shape. For example, a plurality of rows are arranged in a straight line in the width direction perpendicular to the feeding direction of the transfer sheet and the transfer-receiving base material, so that the collision area has a band shape that is linear and wide in the width direction. Or,
Even if the ejectors 32 are arranged in a zigzag pattern as shown in FIG. 6A or the ejectors 32 are arranged in a line as shown in FIG. May be arranged so as to collide on the upstream side. In the arrangement shown in FIG. 6B, the pressing of the transfer sheet against the transfer base material by the collision pressure starts from the center in the width direction, and is gradually pressed toward both ends in the width direction. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the transfer sheet from adhering to the transfer-receiving substrate while air is held in the central portion in the width direction. When a plurality of ejectors 32 are arranged in the width direction as shown in FIGS. 6 (A) and 6 (B), the pressurized regions of the individual ejectors 32 partially overlap with each other, so that the pressure can be completely applied over the entire width. It is preferable to arrange them.
FIG. 6B shows an example of such an arrangement, in which a dotted line portion is a pressing area. In order to lengthen the collision pressure application time, it is preferable that the ejectors are arranged in a multistage arrangement in which two or more rows are arranged in the feed direction of the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred.

[One Form of Continuous Transfer Using Chamber] When solid particles are actually used, it is preferable that the solid particles are not scattered in the surrounding atmosphere and are circulated and reused. Therefore, as one embodiment of the present invention, a curved surface transfer apparatus that performs continuous transfer while preventing scattering and circulating reuse of solid particles using a chamber will be described with reference to FIG.

The apparatus shown in the figure transfers a transfer-receiving substrate B having a plate-like and irregular surface with a flat envelope shape to a substrate-transporting means, more specifically, a substrate-transporting portion composed of a conveyor belt. This is a device for transferring a decorative layer or the like by a continuous belt-shaped transfer sheet S while transporting the transfer surface in a horizontal direction with the transfer surface facing upward in the device 11. The solid particles P are in the chamber 33
Within b, a pair of ejectors 32a and 32b using an impeller eject the jet toward the transfer sheet S to collide with each other, and apply the collision pressure as the transfer pressure. The conveyor belt of the substrate transfer device 11 has an endless annular shape driven by a sprocket wheel or the like. Preferably, the solid particles P penetrate to prevent the solid particles P from adhering to the back surface of the transfer target substrate B. Use one with no gap. As the material of the conveyor belt, for example, rubber reinforced with cloth, a thin metal plate, a wire mesh, or the like is used.

First, each of the ejectors 32a and 32b covers the entire width of the transfer-receiving substrate B conveyed in a single collision pressure application area, and accordingly, the transfer sheet S and the transfer-receiving substrate As B is conveyed, it receives the collision pressure of the ejector 32b over its entire width following the collision pressure of the injector 32a. Moreover, a pair of ejectors 3
The main solid particles P ejected from 2a and 32b are made to collide obliquely from front, rear, right and left with respect to (the envelope of the surface to be transferred) perpendicular to the substrate B to be transferred. That is, as shown in the figure, in the substrate transport direction, the rotation axis of the impeller of each ejector is tilted in a direction opposite to each other from horizontal in a plane parallel to the substrate transport direction, and the upstream side and the downstream side are mutually inclined. Collision obliquely from before and after. On the other hand, in the width direction orthogonal to the base material transport direction, the rotation directions of the respective impellers of the ejectors 32a and 32b are set to reverse rotations, and obliquely from the left and right sides on one side and the other side in the width direction. Collide in opposite directions. With such an arrangement of the ejectors, it is possible to apply a uniform isotropic transfer pressure over the entire surface of the uneven surface of the base material B to be transferred.

The chambers are provided on the upper side of the substrate transfer device 11: chambers 33 a to 33 c which are separated from each other except for the entrance of the transfer sheet S and the substrate to be transferred B are separated from each other. The chamber 3 is provided in this order from the inlet side, and the chamber 3
A chamber 33d is provided as a common space below the substrate transport device corresponding to 3a to 33c. The chamber 33d is connected to the upper chambers 33a to 33c at both side portions in the width direction of the conveyor belt of the base material transport device 11. The chamber 33a is a heating chamber, and has a hot air blowing nozzle 22 as a heating unit for keeping the transfer sheet heated (preheated) by the heating roller until the collision pressure is applied. Further, the chamber 33b is a collision chamber, the chamber 33c is a post-processing chamber (cooling, solid particle removal), and the lower chamber 33d is a common space but can be said to be a solid particle recovery chamber.

The first purpose of the chamber is to prevent the solid particles P from leaking into the surrounding working atmosphere. Therefore, the chamber 33b, which is a collision chamber, is provided with the transfer sheet S and the transfer base material B. Chamber 33 connected at the entrance
The air pressure is set lower than a and 33c. Hot air is blown from the hot air blowing nozzle 22 in the chamber 33a, and cool air is blown from the cold air blowing nozzle 24 in the chamber 33c.
a, lower than 33c. The chamber 33c
Also, the solid particles P fly inside by the removal of the solid particles by the removal roller 35, but the chamber 33c is provided with the cool air blowing nozzle 24 at the portion downstream of the inside and close to the outlet leading to the outside. Particle leakage can be prevented. In order to prevent the solid particles P from flowing back from the chamber to the hopper, the pressure inside the chamber 33b serving as the collision chamber is preferably set lower than that outside the chamber. In order to adjust the pressure in the chamber, for example, an exhaust fan (not shown) may be appropriately connected to the chamber to exhaust the internal gas to the outside.

Next, transfer using the apparatus shown in FIG. 7 will be described.

First, the base material B to be transferred is placed on a base material transfer device 11 composed of an endless orbit type conveyor belt and transferred one by one. The transfer-receiving base material B is appropriately subjected to an adhesive coating, a base coating, or the like, as necessary, offline or inline. The adhesive is applied to a desired portion such as the entire surface or only the convex portion. If the adhesive or the like to be coated has a solvent component, the evaporated components are volatilized and dried from the viewpoint of explosion-proof measures in the chamber, and then are carried into the chamber.

On the other hand, the transfer sheet S is unwound from the unwinding roll 12 serving as the transfer sheet supply means, and is first brought into contact with the heating roller 16. In this case, the transfer sheet S is brought into close contact with the heating roller 16 by using the pressing roller 17 and the peeling roller 18 as shown in the drawing, and the contact range is set to at least half the circumference of the heating roller 16 (the center axis of the heating roller 16 and the pressing shaft). (The winding angle θ> 180 °, which is the central angle connecting the roller 17 and the peeling roller 18). In this manner, the transfer sheet S is brought into contact with the heating roller 16 so as to be wound thereon, and the transfer sheet (a support that occupies most of the thickness) is provided.
Is heated above its softening temperature and below its melting point (or melting temperature) to soften it. Heating for this purpose is performed by bringing the transfer sheet into contact with the support side or the transfer layer side (however, the transfer layer is preferably taken on the roller and preferably on the support side in order to prevent damage), and the heat is transferred from the roller surface. Performed by heating. The heating roller 16 heats by circulating a heated heat medium such as hot water, steam, or oil to the hollow portion of the hollow roller. Or you may make it heat by means, such as induction heating, dielectric heating, and infrared radiation. The specific heating temperature differs depending on the support, and is determined in consideration of the ability to follow irregularities. For example, if polypropylene is used for the support, 60
~ 80 ° C is preferred. If the temperature is lower than this, there is no effect on the softening of the transfer sheet, and if the temperature is higher than that, the transfer sheet becomes too soft, causing the transfer layer to be distorted and the like, resulting in poor design. When using a hot-water circulation type as the heating roller 16, an example is a type in which a surface of an iron hollow roll having a diameter of about 20 cm is chrome-plated and hot water is circulated through the hollow core to heat. Can be Alternatively, the surface of the shaft core made of iron or the like, not made of metal, has a hardness of
A rubber roll covered with silicone rubber of about ° may be used.

The transfer sheet S that has passed through the heating roller 16
Is a temporary fixing roller 13 whose surface is made of an elastic roller made of rubber, which is lightly pressed against the substrate to be transferred B and temporarily fixed to the substrate to be transferred B. In the temporary fixing, the transfer sheet S is only fixed to a part of the convex portion or the like of the base material B to be transferred, and does not need to contact the inside of the concave portion or the like. At the time of transfer, the adhesive is applied to the transfer sheet S.
When the transfer sheet S is moved from the unwinding roll 12 to the heating roller 16, an adhesive coating device (not shown) is provided to apply the adhesive. If solvent drying is required, a drying device (not shown) is provided before reaching the temporary fixing roller 13 to dry. Then, the transfer-receiving base material B is integrally transferred to the temporarily fixed transfer sheet S into the chamber 33a, which is a heating chamber, where the transfer sheet B is heated by the hot air Ah blown from the hot air blowing nozzle 22 to keep the temperature. S,
The transferred substrate B (and the adhesive (layer)) is further heated,
The temperature heated by the heating roller 16 is prevented from lowering. The heating by the hot air blowing has already
Is fixed to the convex portion of the substrate B to be transferred, so that the transfer sheet does not vibrate, deform, or break. As a result, the transfer sheet S is heated and softened, and is easily stretched when a collision pressure is applied. The adhesive is also heated and activated.

The solid particles P include a preheated transfer sheet S
In the hopper 31, the particle heating device 23
Use particles heated by: The particle heating device 23 is configured to supply hot air A from an outlet of a conduit provided inside the hopper.
h to blow out the solid particles. The purpose of heating solid particles is to absorb seasonal fluctuations in the transferability of the transfer sheet due to the season, or to compensate for the fact that the temperature of the transfer sheet heated by the heating roller is cooled by the time of solid particle collision. It is for doing (warming). For absorption of seasonal fluctuations, it is sufficient to set the solid particle temperature higher than the maximum room temperature throughout the four seasons (usually 40 to 50 ° C.). In order to keep the temperature warm, the temperature is set to be equal to or higher than the softening temperature of the support and lower than the melting point (or melting temperature).

The heated solid particles are supplied from the hopper 31 to a pair of ejectors 32a and 32b utilizing an impeller, and are ejected toward the support of the transfer sheet S in a chamber 33b which is a collision chamber. Then, the transfer sheet S is exposed to collision of solid particles ejected from the ejector. The entire width of the transfer target substrate B in the width direction is covered by the collision pressure application region by one ejector, and the transfer sheet S first receives the collision pressure of the solid particles P from the ejector 32a, and subsequently receives the collision from the ejector 32b. Subject to impact pressure at different angles. Then, as the transfer base material B and the transfer sheet S are transported, the entire region in the longitudinal direction is sequentially exposed to the collision pressure. as a result,
The transfer sheet S is pressed against the transfer base material B by the solid particle collision pressure, and the transfer sheet S is also extended and deformed into the concave portions of the uneven surface of the transfer base material B. The transfer layer adheres to the base material B to be transferred by the activated adhesive. Then, the transfer base material B adhered to the uneven surface to which the transfer sheet S is to be transferred.
Is transported to the next chamber 33c which is a post-processing chamber.
In FIG. 7, for convenience of illustration, the hopper 31,
Ejectors 32a, 32b, chambers 33a, 33b, 33
Although c and the like are drawn so that the inside can be seen partially, the periphery is actually closed.

When the solid particles P collide with each other, the backing of the solid particles P is also prevented by the shielding means. That is,
The solid particles P bounced off after the transfer sheet collision or the solid particles P bounced off at other portions are backed up to the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet S or the side surface or the back side surface of the base material B to be transferred. This is to prevent it. If the solid particles P enter the gap between the transfer sheet S and the base material B, the transfer may be lost, or the adhesive (layer) may be exposed on the transfer layer side or the side surface of the base material B. For example, solid particles P may adhere.
The adhesion lowers the recycling efficiency of the solid particles P, and the adhesion to the transfer-receiving substrate B lowers the quality of the transferred product. Therefore, for example, the transfer sheet S is set to be wider than the width of the base material B to be transferred, and both ends thereof are conveyed while being pressed from the support side to the conveyor belt surface of the base material conveying device 11 by a pair of endless annular endless belts. To perform the transfer.

On the other hand, a part of the solid particles which have been subjected to the collision with the transfer sheet fall into the lower chamber 33d, bypassing both ends of the conveyor belt of the base material conveying device 11. Further, the remaining portion is transported downstream while being placed on the support of the transfer sheet S, and enters the next chamber 33c. Then, the removing roller 35 and the cool air blowing nozzle 24
The remaining solid particles are removed by a solid particle removing means consisting of First, solid particles are removed from the transfer sheet by a removing roller 35 using a brush. The removal roller 35 may be evenly planted on the entire surface, but desirably is one in which the left and right spirals are formed around the center in the width direction. If such a removing roller is used, the solid particles are swept and collected from the center toward both ends of the transfer sheet by the rotating spiral. The pitch of the spiral may be set as appropriate. The length of the hair to be implanted may be set as appropriate,
Usually, it is 5 to 20 mm. As the material of the hair, synthetic resin such as nylon, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, etc., animal hair such as pig, etc. are used. The rotation peripheral speed of the removing roller may be the same as, lower than, or higher than the transfer speed of the transfer sheet and the transfer-receiving substrate. These conditions are selected so that the efficiency of removing residual solid particles is optimized.

Thereafter, the slit-shaped cold air blowing nozzle 24
Blows air at room temperature or lower as cold air Ac onto the transfer sheet S and the substrate B to be transferred,
The substrate to be transferred B and the transfer sheet S are cooled to a temperature at which the support of the transfer sheet S can be peeled off. Chamber 33d
The solid particles P that have fallen are collected and collected by, for example, rubbing off the bottom surface that forms the slope. Recovered solid particles P
Is transferred to the original hopper 31, and the chamber 33b
Is used together with the solid particles P recovered from the side wall of the metal.

Then, the adhered transfer substrate B and the transfer sheet S are forcibly cooled by the cool air blowing nozzle 24: the remaining solid particles P that can be blown off are also removed.
After being discharged from the outside sheet 3c and exiting to the external space, the transfer sheet S
The (support) is peeled off and removed from the substrate B to be transferred by the peeling roller 14. As a result, a transfer product such as a decorative material D in which a decorative layer or the like is transferred and formed as a transfer layer of the transfer sheet S on the uneven surface of the base material B to be transferred is obtained.

On the other hand, the transfer sheet S (the support) after passing through the peeling roller 14 is again removed by the second removal roller 36 to remove the solid particles P adhered without being completely removed by the cold air blowing nozzle. The transfer sheet support is collected on a take-up roll 15. The second removal roller 36 is a roller having a spatula-shaped spiral blade made of plastic, hard rubber, metal, or the like that forms a left-right inverted spiral with a center in the width direction as a boundary. The rotating spiral blades lift and remove the solid particles P that have entered the support of the transfer sheet S or adhered by static electricity or the like. This is because the solid particles P become foreign matters in order to reuse the support as a resource.

In the above description, it is assumed that the curing of the adhesive is completed off-line. However, after pressing the transfer sheet, before or after peeling off the support, a heating device or an ionizing radiation curable resin is used. May be provided with an ionizing radiation irradiation device such as a mercury lamp (ultraviolet light source) and cured in-line.

[Others] Although the curved surface transfer device of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the items described above. For example, in the apparatus of FIG. 7, the transfer sheet is heated (preheated) before the transfer pressure is applied by contact heat conduction from the heating roller 16, and in addition to the hot air blowing from the hot air blowing nozzle 22 and the heating solid. Due to the ejection of particles, the transfer sheet is kept warm until the transfer sheet completely stretches and conforms to the uneven surface of the transferred substrate.The material of the transfer sheet, the heat retention of the chamber, and the preheating of the transferred substrate Of course, one or both of the hot air blowing and the heating of the solid particles may be omitted depending on the temperature, the uneven surface shape and the like.

The positional relationship between the direction in which the solid particles are ejected by the ejector and the transfer sheet and the substrate to be transferred is such that both are placed on a horizontal plane, and the solid particles are ejected vertically downward from above. Not limited. Even if the side of the transfer sheet support and the ejection direction maintain the vertical relationship, the transfer sheet placement or conveyance direction is not only in the horizontal plane, but also in the slope,
Even if the transfer sheet is in a vertical plane or the like, and the transfer sheet is in a horizontal plane, the solid particles may be ejected from the lower side of the support, that is, from below.

As the means for removing solid particles, both the removal roller 35 and the cold air blowing nozzle 24 are used in the apparatus shown in FIG. 7. Of course, if only one of them can sufficiently remove the residual solid particles, any of them can be used. Or only one of them. Even when both the removal roller and the cool air blowing nozzle are used, they can be arranged in the reverse order of FIG.

[Use of Transfer Product] The use of a transfer product such as a cosmetic material obtained by the present invention is as follows.
In particular, it can be used for various applications such as an article having an uneven surface such as a three-dimensional shape. For example, as a cosmetic material, exterior walls such as siding, fences, roofs, gates, exteriors such as gable boards, wall surfaces,
Interior decoration of buildings such as ceilings and floors, window frames, doors, handrails, sills, surface decorations of fittings such as sills, furniture such as chests of drawers, surface decorations of cabinets for light electric / OA equipment such as television receivers, automobiles It can be used in various fields such as vehicle interior materials such as trains and interior materials such as aircraft and ships. The decorative material is used as a decorative board or the like. In addition, the shape of the transfer product including the cosmetic material is arbitrary such as a flat plate, a curved plate, a rod-shaped body, and a three-dimensional object.

[Post-processing] In addition, a transparent protective layer may be further applied to the surface of the transferred product such as a cosmetic material after the transfer in order to impart durability, design feeling, and the like. As such a transparent protective layer, a fluororesin such as polyvinylidene fluoride, an acrylic resin such as polymethyl methacrylate, a silicone resin, a binder of one or more of urethane resins, and the like, if necessary, Benzotriazole,
UV absorbers such as ultrafine cerium oxide, light stabilizers such as hindered amine radical scavengers, lubricating agents such as silica, α-alumina (spherical, scale or amorphous) particles, coloring pigments, extender pigments, lubricants, etc. Use the added paint. Also,
For exterior use, inorganic paints can also be used. Coating is performed by spray coating, flow coating, roll coating using a soft rubber roll or sponge roll, or the like. The thickness of the transparent protective layer is about 1 to 100 μm.

[0089]

EXAMPLE First, a plate as illustrated in an enlarged perspective view of a main part of FIG. 8 was prepared as a substrate to be transferred B having three-dimensional surface irregularities. This transfer-receiving substrate B has a groove-shaped concave portion 401 having a depth of 3.0 mm and an opening width of 8 mm as large irregularities.
It has a brick-patterned flat convex portion 402, and has stone-like fine irregularities 403 having a depth of 2.0 mm or less on the flat convex portion as fine irregularities. An 18 mm thick calcium silicate plate having three-dimensional surface irregularities in which irregularities and fine irregularities overlap. And
After subjecting the surface to a sealer treatment and a sealing treatment, a two-component curable urethane resin adhesive (manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) was applied by air spray.

The transfer sheet has a thickness of 100
A brick having a μm ethylene-propylene random copolymer film (3% by weight of ethylene) and having, on one surface thereof, a cement joint as a decorative layer serving as a transfer layer, in which the position of the cement is synchronized with the shape of the uneven surface of the substrate B to be transferred. Tone patterns were prepared by sequential gravure printing. As the resin for the binder of the pattern ink, a one-part urethane resin composed of polycarbonate diol and isophorone diisocyanate and a copolymer resin of an acrylic resin (Tg = -24, heat softening temperature = 13)
7 ° C., acryl content 16%), and red pigments, isoindolinone, carbon black, and titanium white were used as coloring pigments.

In the present embodiment, a curved surface transfer device using an impeller as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is used as an ejector with the device as shown in FIG. Was placed on the base material transporting device 11 composed of a conveyor belt with the top facing upward and transported at a line speed of 40 m / min. Then, the transfer sheet S unwound from the unwind roll 12 is heated by the heating roller 16.
Preheated. The heating roller 16 has a diameter of 20 cm.
The surface of the iron hollow roll was chrome-plated, and hot water was circulated through the hollow core to heat the hollow core.
Then, the support side of the transfer sheet S is brought into contact with the heating roller 16, and the pressing roller 17 and the peeling roller 18 are arranged such that the winding angle of the transfer sheet S around the heating roller 16 becomes 270 °.
And the surface temperature of the heating roller 16 was set to 80 °.

After the transfer sheet S is preheated to 80 ° C. by the heating roller 16, the transfer sheet S is temporarily fixed by being pressed against the transfer base material by the temporary fixing roller 13 composed of a rubber roller, and is supplied into the chamber integrally with the transfer base material. did. In the first chamber 33a, the preheated transfer sheet is kept warm by hot air Ah from the hot air blowing nozzle 22, which is a heating means for keeping heat, and is softened by preheating, activation of the adhesive, and transfer of the substrate to be transferred. Heating was performed. At this point, the surface temperature of the support is 1
Heated to 00 ° C. Further, the transfer base material B is 8
It was preheated to 0 ° C.

Next, spherical zinc spheres having a mean particle size of 0.4 mm at a temperature of 50 ° C. are ejected from the ejectors 32 a and 32 b rotating in opposite directions as solid particles P, so that the zinc spheres are moved toward the support of the transfer sheet in the front-rear and left-right directions. The transfer sheet was pressed against the substrate to be transferred. The rotation speed of the impeller of each ejector is 36
At 00 rpm, the ejection speed of the solid particles was 35 m / s. Then, the transfer sheet is extended into the joint concave portion and thermally fused, and in a chamber 33c next to the chamber 33b, solid particles remaining on the transfer sheet are scraped by the removing roller 35 toward both ends of the transfer sheet. And dropped into the lower chamber 33d. Next, the cold air blowing nozzle 24 blows cold air Ac at 15 ° C. to cool the adhesive and cool it to the bonding temperature or lower, and to blow off solid particles still remaining on the transfer sheet, thereby removing both ends of the transfer sheet. From the chamber 33d. Next, after the substrate to be transferred and the transfer sheet came out of the chamber 33c, the support of the transfer sheet was peeled off by the peeling roller 14, and a decorative material D was obtained as a transfer product. The support (S) of the transfer sheet after peeling was removed by the second removing roller 36 to remove a part of the solid particles, and then wound up by the winding roller 15 and collected.
The pattern was transferred to the decorative material following the surface irregularities. Further, on the surface of the transfer layer of the decorative material D, an emulsion paint of polyvinylidene fluoride containing 0.5% by weight of a benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorber is applied to a dry thickness of 10 μm to form a transparent protective layer. A cosmetic material with a transparent protective layer was obtained.

[0094]

As described above, according to the curved transfer apparatus of the present invention, the support side of the transfer sheet before the application of the transfer pressure is preheated by the contact heat conduction of the heating roller. Softening is promoted, the amount of deformation of the support is increased even in high-speed processing, the ability to follow irregularities of the substrate to be transferred is improved, and good transfer can be performed. In addition, since the softening of the transfer layer is promoted in addition to the softening of the support, a small amount of backing during transfer is reduced, and good transfer is also performed from this point. In addition, the support is not broken by collision of the solid particles, and the transfer sheet is heated while being supported on the roller. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the transfer sheet from hanging, deforming, and wrinkling due to the heating.

Further, by further providing a heating means between the heating roller and the solid particle ejecting means, it is possible to prevent the transfer sheet preheated by the heating roller from cooling down before the collision of the solid particles. Thus, the heating by the heating roller can be further reinforced to heat the transfer sheet to a higher temperature.

Further, by using the heating of the solid particles in combination, it is possible to more reliably prevent the transfer sheet preheated by the heating roller from being cooled at the time of collision with the solid particles, and it is also possible to prevent the transfer sheet from becoming uneven due to the season. The fluctuation of the following ability can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of an ejector using an impeller.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the ejector of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the inside of the ejector of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for adjusting a jetting direction by the jetting device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an ejector using an ejection nozzle.

FIG. 6 is a view showing an example of an arrangement state of the ejectors, in which (A) is an arrangement view in a state of being arranged in a staggered lattice pattern, and (B) is a downstream part as the center part is on the upstream side and both ends are on the downstream side. It is an arrangement view of the state where it shifted.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a specific example of a curved surface transfer device.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an essential part showing an example of three-dimensional surface irregularities of a substrate to be transferred.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 11 substrate transfer device 12 unwinding roll 13 temporary fixing roller 14 peeling roller 15 take-up roller 16 heating roller 17 pressing roller 18 peeling roller 22 hot air blowing nozzle 23 particle heating device 24 cold air blowing nozzle 31 hopper 32a, 32b jetting device 33a- 33d chamber 35 removal roller 36 second removal roller 401 groove-shaped concave part 402 flat convex part 403 fine irregularity 812, 812a impeller 813, 813a blade 814, 814a side plate 815 hollow part 816 direction controller 817 opening part 818 disperser 819, 819a Rotating shaft 820 Bearing 840 Jetting device using blowing nozzle 841 Induction chamber 842 Internal nozzle 843 Nozzle opening 844 Nozzle Ac Cold air Ah Hot air B Transfer substrate D Cosmetic material F Fluid P Solid particles S Transfer sheet

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer, wherein the transfer layer side of the transfer sheet comprising a support and a transfer layer is opposed to the uneven surface side of the transfer-receiving base material having the uneven surface, and solid particles collide from the support side of the transfer sheet. A method of transferring the transfer layer to the substrate by transferring the transfer layer by pressing the transfer sheet against the uneven surface of the substrate to be transferred using the collision pressure and then peeling and removing the support of the transfer sheet. In the apparatus used to carry out
A curved transfer device comprising a heating roller for heating the support side of a transfer sheet before transfer pressure application to soften it by contact heat conduction in advance. 2. The curved surface transfer apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising heating means between heating by the heating roller and collision of the solid particles. 3. The transfer device according to claim 1, further comprising a particle heating device for heating the solid particles.