JP2001059682A - Vertical shaft cupola, blast furnace and melting furnace process - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simply and effectively obtain high-temperature air in association with feeding a cold air directly to a furnace wall without using a hot air stove by incorporating a metal or ceramic ball, heat pipe or the like in a shaft, a belly or the like, and giving a function of a thermal storage heat exchanger to heat the using air. SOLUTION: A hot metal hearth 2 is installed on an upper part of a hearth 1, a belly 3 is arranged in its periphery, a shaft having an air supply port 20 is arranged on its upper part, and an iron plate 5 is arranged on its upper part. A plurality of tuyeres 6 for supplying the air becoming a hot air by heat exchanging in the shaft is opened at a furnace wall, and a raceway 9 for diffusing the hot air is arranged in the furnace. Further, the hot air is passed through a raw material layer 10, exhausted from a furnace top, and the melted pig iron is taken out from a tap hole 11. Balls, brick lattice, pipes or the like are filled as a thermal storage heat exchanger 25 in the shaft. Thus, heat release due to a combustion gas in the furnace is thermally stored to heat the air.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vertical shaft cupola for dissolving all substances such as iron ore, pig iron, sludge, industrial waste and general garbage to extract pig iron and slag.
It relates to the blast furnace / melting furnace method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional melting furnaces such as cupolas, shaft furnaces, and blast furnaces form a hearth 1 in which refractory bricks are laid as shown in FIG. A floor 2 is provided, and a furnace belly 3 made of refractory brick is set around the floor. The upper part of the shaft is made of fire-resistant bricks integrally formed as a shaft 4, and the periphery thereof is surrounded by an iron plate 5 and protected. Several dozen tuyeres 6 for sending hot air are open on the furnace wall.
The heated air is heated through the hot air annular tube 8 and introduced into the furnace, and the heat is completely distributed through the raceway 9. The high-temperature hot air blown from here passes through the raw material and coke layer 10 and becomes a combustion gas, which reduces iron ore and the like, melts and drops pig iron, and is taken out from the taphole 11. Discharged from In addition, it has a structure to take out slag outside the shape. The furnace temperature is higher in the lower part, and is as high as about 2000 degrees in the highest region.

[0003]

Conventional cupolas, shaft furnaces, and blast furnaces rely on a hot blast stove as a heat source for melting the raw material. In general, three or four hot blast stoves as large as the furnace had to be installed for one blast furnace. As part of recent blast furnace high efficiency, large size and high temperature ventilation are strongly promoted, and it is thought that it will become even larger in the future, so it will take place and cost only for installing a hot blast stove in addition to the furnace body. , Requires advanced technology of design and installation. In the conventional internal combustion type hot blast stove structure, the quality of the furnace material has been upgraded and the temperature has been raised in response to a demand for an increase in the blast temperature, but breakage of the partition wall, local heating of the dome,
Failures such as short-circuits between the combustion chamber and the heat storage chamber occurred frequently, and were a major obstacle to operations. In addition, a large amount of fuel is used to obtain high-temperature hot air, which has been deeply involved in environmental problems such as depletion of resources and air pollution by exhaust gas.

[0004]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, the shaft portion is not made of a refractory brick but is made of a ball or a brick lattice for causing heat storage heat exchange, a checker brick, a pipe or the like. It has the same function as a hot stove by being built in the shaft using a, so that it is possible to operate cupola, shaft furnace, melting furnace etc. without installing a large hot stove outside, This saves space and prevents the use of unnecessary resources.

[0005]

FIG. 2 shows the structure of a hot stove. The internal combustion type hot blast stove is divided into a heat storage chamber 14 and a combustion chamber 15 by an internal partition wall 13, and a grid brick (checker brick) for heat storage is stacked in the heat storage chamber. Gas, heavy oil, kerosene, etc. are burned in the burner 16 and the heat is temporarily stored in the heat storage chamber.
Cold air is sent in from 7 and heat exchanged in the heat storage chamber, and the high-temperature air passes through the hot air valve 18 and is carried to the tuyere. Here, 19 is a flue, 20 is a cool air inlet, 21 is a checker receiving object, 22 is a dome, and 23 and 24 are hot air outlets and gas inlets, respectively.

According to the present invention, the shaft has a function equivalent to the above. Therefore, the embodiment is shown in FIG.
Shown in A hot metal bed 2 is provided at the upper part of a hearth 1 where fire-resistant bricks are spread so that molten metal and slag slag collect.
Surrounding it, a furnace belly 4 made of refractory brick is installed. Above it is a shaft 4 with heat storage heat exchange function.
The air inlet 20 is installed on the shaft.
These parts are surrounded and protected by an iron plate 5. The furnace wall is provided with several tens of tuyeres 6 through which heat is exchanged in the shaft to send hot air, and is formed so that heat can be completely transmitted through the raceway 9 in the furnace. The high-temperature hot air blown from here becomes a combustion gas passing between the raw material layers 10, and is discharged from the furnace top while reducing and melting the raw material. The molten pig iron is dropped down and taken out of the tap hole 11.

[0007] Inside the shaft, balls, brick grids, checker bricks, pipes, etc. are stored in the heat storage heat exchanger 25.
As filling. This regenerator is 1000-200 in the furnace
Stores the heat dissipated in the furnace by the gas at 0 ° C. and works the same as the heat storage chamber of the hot stove. The air sent from the air inlet 20 of the shaft is heated while passing through a ball or a brick grid, and becomes hot air of 900 ° C. or more sufficient for operation, and is introduced into the furnace from the tuyere. You. The hot blast that enters the furnace serves as a combustion gas that dissolves the raw material and at the same time acts to heat the regenerator of the shaft, so that the hot blast stove is not used during the operation of the furnace. As a result, it is possible to save the place and cost for installing a hot blast stove, and it does not use any energy for temperature rise and emits no exhaust gas.

FIGS. 4 and 5 are enlarged views of the gas riser 26. FIG. Exhaust gas discharged through a furnace filled with a large heat capacity material, brick grid, heat exchange pipe, etc. built in a metal shell that also contains ceramics, metal balls, PCM, etc. around the gas riser It also has a configuration that absorbs heat. This has enabled the effective use of waste heat.

[0009]

As described above, the configuration described above has the following effects. Since air is sent directly from the shaft to raise the temperature, there is no need to install a hot blast stove of the same size as the furnace, which can greatly reduce the installation space and cost. Since the hot blast stove is not used, the operation of the furnace main body due to failures such as breakage of the partition wall, local heating of the dome, and short circuit between the combustion chamber and the heat storage chamber is eliminated, and stabilization is achieved.
Since the high-temperature gas that melts the raw materials is used as it is to raise the temperature of the air, waste heat can be recycled without using energy. Since no exhaust gas is generated during combustion, a good effect on the environment can be obtained.

[0010]

[Brief description of the drawings]

Fig. 1 Conventional general vertical shaft cupola, blast furnace,
It is sectional drawing of a melting furnace.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a conventional general hot blast stove.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a vertical shaft cupola, a blast furnace, and a melting furnace according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a gas riser according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an exhaust gas pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hearth 2 Hot metal bed 3 Furnace belly 5 Iron plate 6 Tuyere 9 Raceway 20 Air inlet 23 Heat storage heat exchanger 26 Gas riser

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3K061 AA16 AB03 AC01 BA01 CA08 DB16 DB19 DB20 FA08 4K012 CB00 4K045 AA01 AA02 BA02 BA10 GA01 GB15 LA01 LA07 4K056 AA01 BA01 CA02 CA20 DA02 DA27 DA29

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A horizontal heating system such as a vertical shaft cupola, a blast furnace, a melting furnace, a rotary kiln, etc., having a furnace belly surrounding an upper part of a hearth to form a hot metal bed and a slag bed. In the melting furnace, ceramic and metal balls, brick grids, checker bricks, heat exchange pipes, heat pipes, etc. are built into the shaft part and furnace belly part, etc., and have a function of heat storage heat exchange, and the residual heat of the air used A vertical shaft cupola / blast furnace / melting furnace method wherein hot air is obtained by directly sending cold air to a furnace wall containing ceramic balls or the like without using a hot air furnace. 2. A ceramic or metal ball is provided at an exhaust gas outlet and an exhaust gas tower of a vertical shaft cupola, a blast furnace, and a melting furnace.
Built-in brick grids, checker bricks, heat exchange pipes, heat pipes, etc., have the function of heat storage heat exchange, and use the remaining heat of the air to use the hot blast stove and heat exchanger as auxiliary equipment. Preheat the cold air directly without
A horizontal rotary kiln, a vertical shaft furnace, a cupola, a blast furnace, and a melting furnace method characterized by obtaining high-temperature air for combustion or by feeding into a furnace.