JP2001037189A - Dynamo-electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a dynamo-electric machine that is small, highly practical provided with high motor characteristics, and has the structure of embedded magnets arranged at one side. SOLUTION: In a dynamo-electric machine of a magnet-embedded structure in which permanent magnets 13 and coils 12 are gathered to a core at one side, the structure is employed that almost eliminates differences in characteristics between phases so that good motor characteristics can be obtained without a failure even in the multiple-phase construction by subjecting each phase to exactly the same conditions to construct the multiple phases. By properly setting the pitch of salient poles 12c between the magnets in terms of gap length and salient pole width, the deterioration of the characteristics caused by leakage flux, the wasting of spaces and the like become avoidable.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotating electric machine having an embedded magnet type armature in which permanent magnets and coils are gathered in one core.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
No. 57, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 10-341560, by sandwiching a permanent magnet between a pair of cores and winding a coil around a yoke portion extending between the permanent magnets, The permanent magnet and the coil are assembled in one core to form an embedded magnet type armature, and the other core arranged rotatably relative to one core of the armature is made magnetic. There have been proposed various structures of a motor or the like constituted only by a body.

[0003]

However, in the conventional proposal of the embedded magnet type structure in which the permanent magnet and the coil are collected in one core, only the basic structure is merely shown. However, configurations for obtaining characteristics required for practical use, such as a configuration for reducing cogging and a configuration for improving motor characteristics, are not specifically disclosed in any proposal. However, in reality, sufficient characteristics as a rotating electric machine such as a normal motor cannot be obtained as it is.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a rotating electric machine having a polyphase single-sided arrangement type magnet embedded structure having good characteristics.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a salient pole tooth provided with a plurality of sets of concave and convex shapes at a constant pitch in the circumferential direction. A first core, a second core radially opposed to the first core and provided so as to be relatively movable in a circumferential direction, wherein the second core includes a yoke portion extending in a circumferential direction; ,
The coil wound around the yoke portion, a pair of peripheral end core portions disposed so as to sandwich the coil at both ends in the circumferential direction of the yoke portion, and the pair of peripheral end core portions, respectively. A salient pole piece provided so as to be closely opposed to the salient pole teeth of the first core; and an even number of the second cores are substantially magnetically separated in the circumferential direction. Permanent magnets are arranged between the adjacent peripheral end core portions of the second cores adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction in a ring shape, and the permanent magnets are sandwiched between the permanent magnets. The rotation is performed such that the magnets are magnetized along the pinching direction of the portions, and the magnetic pole direction of the magnetization is set so that the pair of peripheral end cores sandwiching the coil in each of the second cores have the same polarity. In the electric machine, a set of concaves in the salient pole teeth of the first core is provided. The shape is configured to form an electrical angle of 360 °, and when the electrical angle of 180 ° at that time is set to one magnetic pole pitch, the two salient pole pieces sandwiching the coil in the second core are 2n + 1 (n Are integers equal to or greater than 1) and are displaced by a magnetic pole pitch of 180
° with a phase shift of
A pair of adjacent salient pole pieces in both the second cores adjacent to each other with the permanent magnet interposed therebetween in the circumferential direction are arranged at a pitch displaced by 1.33 to 5 magnetic pole pitches, and The arrangement pitch of the adjacent salient pole pieces is set to be substantially the same in each of the adjacent salient pole pieces arranged in plural sets in the circumferential direction, so that the adjacent salient pole pieces are configured in a polyphase, and an even number of coils of the same phase are provided. I have.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the salient pole piece disposed on one side in the circumferential direction of the coil in the second core according to the first aspect is divided into two or more pieces, and The salient pole pieces adjacent in the circumferential direction are arranged so as to be displaced by two magnetic pole pitches and are set to the same phase, and the two salient pole pieces arranged on both sides in the circumferential direction of the coil have the same number as each other. Is provided.

Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the width of the convex tip of the salient pole teeth of the first core according to the first aspect has a dimension corresponding to one magnetic pole pitch.

Further, in the invention according to the fourth aspect, the width of the protruding tip of the salient pole piece of the second core according to the first aspect has a dimension corresponding to one magnetic pole pitch.

In the invention according to claim 5, the circumferential thickness of the permanent magnet according to claim 1 is set to be substantially the same as the gap size between a pair of adjacent salient pole pieces sandwiching the permanent magnet. ing.

Further, in the invention according to claim 6, the second core according to claim 1 is constituted by a three-piece body of a yoke portion and core portions at both peripheral ends disposed on both sides of the yoke portion. The three-piece body has a shape that can be combined after winding.

Further, in the invention according to claim 7, the surface of the second core of the above-mentioned second core facing the coil at both peripheral end core portions is formed as a flat surface extending in the radial direction. .

According to the first or second aspect of the present invention having such a configuration, since each phase is set to exactly the same condition to form a polyphase, the characteristic difference between the phases is reduced. Almost no good rotation characteristics can be obtained without problems even in the case of polyphase. Further, by appropriately setting the pitch of the salient poles between the permanent magnets in relation to the gap length, the salient pole width, and the like, the characteristics do not deteriorate due to leakage magnetic flux and the like and the space is not wasted. High characteristics can be obtained while reducing the size.

According to the third or fourth aspect of the present invention, when a relative movement occurs between the first core and the second core, the total of the opposing areas of the two cores is substantially the same and the permanent magnet Since the magnetic resistance when viewed from the viewpoint hardly changes, the total magnetic flux of the magnet, that is, the magnetic energy hardly changes, and the cogging torque can be suppressed to a very low level.

Further, according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the two magnetic poles of the permanent magnet are appropriately separated, the magnetomotive force of the magnet can be increased and the leakage flux can be reduced. Further, the permanent magnet can be extended to the vicinity of the protruding portion of the tip of the salient pole piece, and the effective magnetic flux can be increased. In addition, since the permanent magnet is formed in a simple shape, its manufacture and positioning and fixing are easily performed with high precision.

Further, according to the present invention, since the coil winding operation can be performed independently of the peripheral end core portion of the second core, even if the number of salient pole pieces increases,
The winding operation is performed easily and efficiently.

On the other hand, according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the second
The shape of the core at the peripheral end of the core is simplified, and the salient poles do not hinder the winding of the coil, so that the coil winding operation is facilitated.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment in which a rotating electric machine according to the present invention is applied to a motor will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. First, in the motor 1 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotating shaft 10 a disposed in the center portion on the inner side of the motor case 10 made of a substantially hollow cylindrical non-magnetic material has the motor case 10 a. The bearing 10 is rotatably supported by bearings 10b and 10c provided at both ends. A first core 11 constituting a rotor is fitted to the rotating shaft 10a so as to rotate integrally with the rotating shaft 10a.

On the outer peripheral portion of the first core 11, a number of salient pole teeth 11a having an uneven shape are provided. The salient pole teeth 11a are provided so that a plurality of sets of uneven shapes are formed at a constant pitch in the circumferential direction, and the set of uneven shapes forms an electrical angle of 360 °. I have.

Further, a second core 12 radially opposed to the first core 11 is arranged on a radially outer portion of the first core 11 so as to constitute a fixed armature. The second core 12 has an even number (six) in the circumferential direction.
Are arranged and assembled together, and each second core 12
However, both the second cores 12 which are composed of a laminated body of magnetic steel sheets and are circumferentially adjacent to each other are arranged in a state where they are magnetically substantially separated from each other.

Each of the second cores 12 has an arc-shaped yoke portion 12a extending in the circumferential direction, and a coil 12b is wound around the yoke portion 12a.
Further, peripheral end core portions 12c, 12c are provided at both ends in the circumferential direction of the yoke portion 12a, and each peripheral end core portion 12c is provided with a salient pole tooth 11a of the first core 11. Proximately opposed salient pole pieces 12d are provided respectively. The surfaces of these peripheral end core portions 12c, 12c on the side facing the coil 12b are formed as flat surfaces extending in the radial direction. Further, the front end surface of the rear end portion where each of the peripheral end core portions 12c protrudes radially outward from the yoke portion 12a is connected to the motor case 10a.
, So that the entire second core 12 is positioned and fixed in the radial direction.

Further, permanent magnets 13 are sandwiched between adjacent peripheral end core portions 12c of the pair of second cores 12 adjacent in the circumferential direction. Are magnetized along the circumferential direction that is the direction in which the adjacent peripheral end core portions 12c and 12 are sandwiched. The magnetic pole direction of the magnetization at this time is set in a direction in which the permanent magnets 13 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction repel each other. 12c have the same polarity.

The circumferential thickness tm of the permanent magnet 13 in this embodiment is substantially the same as the gap between the salient pole pieces 12d in the pair of adjacent peripheral end cores 12c sandwiching the permanent magnet 13. The thickness is set to be substantially uniform.
The length of the permanent magnet 13 is
c is set to be slightly shorter than c, and is disposed so as to abut substantially the entire length in the radial direction with respect to the peripheral end core portion 12c, and the salient pole teeth 11a of the first core 11 are provided.
Is extended to the vicinity of.

On the other hand, in the motor according to the present embodiment, as described above, the set of concave and convex shapes in the salient pole teeth 11a of the first core 11 is configured to make an electrical angle of 360 °. When the electric angle of 180 ° is set to one magnetic pole pitch, the two salient pole pieces 12d, 12d sandwiching the coil 12b in the second core 12 form 2n + 1 (n
Are integers greater than or equal to 1). The displacement amount in the present embodiment is:
The pitch is set to three magnetic pole pitches, whereby both salient pole pieces 1 sandwiching the coil 12b in the second core 12 are provided.
The 2d and 12d are configured to have a 180 ° phase shift.

A pair of adjacent salient pole pieces 12d, 12d in the circumferentially adjacent second cores 12, 12 are mutually in the range of 1.33 to 5 pole pitches. .33 magnetic pole pitch. This set of adjacent salient pole pieces 12
The positional displacement relationship between d and 12d is set to be substantially the same in each of the adjacent salient pole pieces 12d and 12d arranged in plural sets in the circumferential direction. Then, based on such a positional displacement relationship, a multi-phase (three phases in the present embodiment) is configured, and an even number (two in the present embodiment) of coils 12b of the same phase is provided.

Further, in the present embodiment, the first core 1
The convex tip width t1 of one salient pole tooth 11a has a dimension corresponding to one magnetic pole pitch, and the second
The protruding tip width t2 of the salient pole piece 12d of the core 12 is:
It has a dimension corresponding to one magnetic pole pitch.

In this embodiment having such a configuration,
Since a three-phase structure in which the conditions of each phase are set exactly the same is formed, there is almost no characteristic difference between the phases.
Even in the phase, good motor characteristics can be obtained without causing any trouble. The salient pole piece 12 between the permanent magnets 13
By appropriately setting the pitches of d and 12d in relation to the gap length, the salient pole width, and the like, the characteristics do not deteriorate due to leakage magnetic flux and the like and the space is not wasted.
High characteristics can be obtained while reducing the size.

In this embodiment, the first core 11
Of the protruding tip width t1 of the salient pole teeth 11a of the
The protruding tip width t2 of the salient pole piece 12d of the core 12 is:
Since it has a dimension corresponding to one magnetic pole pitch, when a relative movement occurs between the first core 11 and the second core 12, the total opposing areas of the two cores 11, 12 are substantially the same. Thus, since the magnetic resistance when viewed from the permanent magnet 13 hardly changes, the total magnetic flux of the magnet, that is, the magnetic energy hardly changes, and the cogging torque can be suppressed to a very low level.

Further, in this embodiment, the permanent magnet 1
3 is set to be substantially the same as the gap size between a pair of adjacent salient pole pieces 12d, 12d sandwiching the permanent magnet 13, so that the gap between the two magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 13 is appropriately set. , So that the magnetomotive force of the magnet can be increased and the leakage flux can be reduced. Further, since the permanent magnet 13 is extended in the radial direction to the vicinity of the tip end protruding portion of the salient pole piece 12d, the contact area of the permanent magnet 13 is increased correspondingly, and the effective magnetic flux is increased. In addition, since the permanent magnet 13 is formed to have a uniform thickness, the production of the permanent magnet 13 is facilitated, and particularly, positioning and fixing in the radial direction are performed easily and with high precision. I have.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the surface of the second core 12 facing the coil 12b of the both end core portions 12c is formed as a flat surface extending in the radial direction. The shape of the peripheral end core portion 12c of the two-core 12 is simplified and can be easily manufactured, and when the coil 12b is wound, the peripheral end core portion 12c does not become an obstacle, and the winding of the coil 12b is prevented. Work is facilitated.

In the present embodiment, the second core 12
Abutting the peripheral end core portion 12c on the motor case 10,
In particular, since the positioning and fixing are performed in the radial direction, the assembling work of the second core 12 is performed easily and with high accuracy.

On the other hand, in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 in which the same reference numerals are given to members corresponding to the above-described embodiment, a two-phase motor is basically configured by the same configuration. The difference other than the difference is that the peripheral end core portion 12c arranged on one side in the circumferential direction of the second core 12 is
The point is that two or more (three in this embodiment) salient pole pieces 12d are provided. Of these three salient pole pieces 12d, circumferentially adjacent salient pole pieces 12d, 12d are arranged so as to be displaced from each other by two magnetic pole pitches, thereby being set to the same phase. Also, the second core 12
Each of the salient pole pieces 12d is provided in the same number in the both peripheral end core portions 12c arranged on both sides in the circumferential direction. In such an embodiment, the same operation and effect as in the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 4 in which members corresponding to those in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, one second core 12 includes a yoke portion 12a and the yoke portion 12a.
5A, and is divided into three parts with both peripheral end core parts 12c arranged on both sides of the coil 12b. As shown in FIG. It has a possible shape. By doing so, the coil 12
Since the winding operation of b can be performed independently of the peripheral end core portion 12c of the second core 12, the winding operation of the coil 12b is easily and efficiently performed even when the number of salient pole pieces 12d increases. .

At this time, the two second circumferentially adjacent second
If the adjacent peripheral end core portions 12c, 12c of the core 12 are integrally connected in advance by a predetermined connecting member with the permanent magnet 13 interposed therebetween, the combined body can be handled as an integral part, and The productivity in the process is improved.

Further, each second core 12 in the present embodiment
In addition, additional lamination is performed on both peripheral end core portions 12c excluding the yoke portion 12a, and the core height of both peripheral end core portions 12c is larger than that of the yoke portion 12a. This is a configuration for increasing the effective magnetic flux by increasing the contact area with the permanent magnet 13. On the other hand, the yoke 12
Regarding a, the stacking amount is not increased, and the height of the entire winding portion of the coil 12b wound around the yoke portion 12a is not increased. By doing so, the height of the entire winding portion of the coil 12b can be reduced.

Further, if the direction of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheets constituting each of the above-mentioned divided bodies is set to a direction corresponding to the flow of the magnetic flux, the characteristics can be improved.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the outer rotor 14 is formed on the outer side of the assembly of the second cores 12 constituting the fixed armature in a shape corresponding to the inner rotor 11 on the center side. Have been placed. The inner rotor 11 and the outer rotor 14 are integrally joined. By adopting a double rotor structure as described above, higher torque or higher characteristics can be achieved.

Next, in the embodiment according to FIG. 6 in which members corresponding to those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, a two-phase motor in which the cross section of the motor case 10 is formed to be substantially square, A permanent magnet 13 is disposed at each of the four corners of the square motor case 10. Each of these permanent magnets 13 is provided so as to extend in a diagonal direction of a square shape, thereby increasing the length of the permanent magnet 13 and the peripheral end core portion 12c abutting thereon. By doing so, the magnet area is increased, and the characteristics can be improved accordingly.

Although the embodiments of the present invention made by the inventor have been specifically described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be variously modified without departing from the gist thereof. Needless to say.

For example, in each of the embodiments described above, a fixed armature is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is possible to configure a rotating armature. .

In each of the embodiments described above, the present invention is applied to a motor. However, the present invention can be similarly applied to a generator other than a motor.

[0041]

As described above, claim 1 or claim 2 of the present application.
The described invention is a rotating electric machine having an embedded magnet structure in which a permanent magnet and a coil are collected on one side. Even if there is a problem, it adopts a configuration that can obtain good motor characteristics without problems, and by setting the pitch of salient poles between magnets appropriately in relation to gap length, salient pole width, etc. Since it is possible to avoid deterioration of characteristics and waste of space, etc., it is possible to obtain a small and high motor characteristic and obtain a rotating electric machine having a single-sided magnet embedded structure with high practicability. be able to.

According to a third or fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first aspect of the present invention, the salient pole teeth of the first core or the salient pole pieces of the second core have a convex tip width of the first core. And the second
The structure is such that the total of the opposing areas of the two cores is hardly changed, and the occurrence of cogging is suppressed satisfactorily. Can be improved.

Further, according to the present invention, the circumferential thickness of the permanent magnet is set to be substantially the same as the gap size between the protruding end portions of a pair of adjacent salient pole pieces to reduce leakage magnetic flux. At the same time, the effective magnetic flux of the permanent magnet can be increased,
In addition, since the manufacturing and positioning and fixing of the permanent magnet are easily performed with high precision, the above-described effects can be further enhanced.

Further, the invention according to claim 6 is the second invention.
Since the core is made of a three-piece body that can be combined after winding, the coil winding work can be facilitated and the efficiency can be improved. Therefore, in addition to the above-described effects, productivity is improved. be able to.

On the other hand, the invention according to claim 7 simplifies the shape of the salient poles of the second core by making the surfaces of the second cores facing the coil at both peripheral end cores flat, Since the winding operation is facilitated, productivity can be improved in addition to the effects described above.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of the motor shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of a motor according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of a motor according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory front view of the second core in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, as viewed from the radially outward side;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of a motor according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 motor 10 motor case 10a rotating shaft 11 first core (rotor) 11a salient pole teeth 12 second core (fixed armature) 12a yoke portion 12b coil 12c peripheral end core portion 12d salient pole piece 13 permanent magnet

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 5H002 AA09 AB04 AE06 AE07 AE08 5H619 AA01 AA05 BB01 BB06 BB24 PP01 PP02 PP05 PP06 PP08 5H621 AA02 BB02 BB05 BB10 GA01 GA04 GA12 GA16 GB10 HH09 JK02 JK07 JK13 PPK5

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A first core having salient pole teeth provided with a plurality of sets of concavo-convex shapes at a constant pitch in a circumferential direction, and a first core in a radial direction facing the first core in a radial direction. A yoke portion extending in the circumferential direction, a coil wound around the yoke portion, and a circumferential direction of the yoke portion. A pair of peripheral end cores arranged so as to sandwich the coil at both end portions, and salient poles provided so as to be closely opposed to the salient pole teeth of the first core in each of the pair of peripheral end cores And an even number of the second cores are annularly juxtaposed and assembled in a state of being substantially magnetically separated in the circumferential direction, and the second cores adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. Permanent magnets are respectively held between adjacent peripheral end core portions of the two cores, Each of the permanent magnets is magnetized along a direction in which the adjacent peripheral end cores are sandwiched, and a direction of a magnetic pole of the magnetization is a pair of peripheral end cores sandwiching the coil in each of the second cores. In a rotating electric machine set to have the same polarity, a set of concave and convex shapes in the salient pole teeth of the first core is configured to form an electrical angle of 360 °, and at that time, 180 °
When the electrical angle of the second core is one magnetic pole pitch, the two salient pole pieces sandwiching the coil in the second core are 2n + 1 (n
Are arranged so as to have a phase shift of 180 °, and the second cores adjacent to each other with a permanent magnet interposed therebetween in the circumferential direction. Are arranged at a pitch shifted by 1.33 to 5 magnetic pole pitches, and a plurality of sets of adjacent salient pole pieces are arranged in the circumferential direction. A rotating electric machine characterized in that the adjacent salient pole pieces are arranged in substantially the same manner in each of the arranged adjacent salient pole pieces to form a multi-phase, and an even number of coils of the same phase are provided. 2. A salient pole piece disposed on one side in the circumferential direction of the coil in the second core is divided into two or more pieces, and the salient pole pieces adjacent in the circumferential direction are separated by two magnetic pole pitches. 2. The coil according to claim 1, wherein the same number of the two salient pole pieces are disposed in a positional relationship by a distance and set in the same phase, and are disposed on both sides in the circumferential direction of the coil. Rotating electric machine. 3. The rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the width of the protruding tip of the salient pole teeth of the first core has a dimension corresponding to one magnetic pole pitch. 4. The rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the width of the protruding tip of the salient pole piece of the second core has a dimension corresponding to one magnetic pole pitch. 5. The rotation according to claim 1, wherein the circumferential thickness of the permanent magnet is set to be substantially equal to a gap between a pair of adjacent salient pole pieces sandwiching the permanent magnet. Electric machine. 6. The second core is composed of a three-piece body composed of a yoke part and both peripheral end core parts arranged on both sides of the yoke part, and the three-piece body is connectable after winding. The rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotating electric machine has a shape. 7. The rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the surfaces of the peripheral ends of the second core facing the coil are formed as flat surfaces extending in a radial direction.