JP2001029973A - Method and apparatus for treating living wastewater - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a living wastewater treatment method not applying an excessive load of water quantity and org. matter to a septic tank, obtaining treated water stable in quality and not causing a problem of a malodor or the like. SOLUTION: When wastewaters discharged from a toilet 3, a kitchen 4 an a bathroom/lavatory/washing chamber 2 are stagnated in wastewater pits 7, 8, 5 and wholly or partially cleaned in a septic tank, a wastewater high in BOD discharged from the toilet 3 and the kitchen 4 is wholly guided to the septic tank 9 to be treated herein and a wastewater low in BOD discharged from the bathroom/lavatory/washing chamber 2 is guided to the septic tank 9 when the indication value of the pollutant detection sensor 14 arranged in the wastewater measure 5 for the bathroom/lavatory/washing chamber 2 is a predetermined value or higher to be treated herein and guided to a reservoir tank 10 (not guided to the septic tank) when the indication value is below the predetermined value and reutilized as it is or subjected to disinfection treatment before reutilized.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating domestic wastewater discharged from a household.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 4 shows a conventional drainage source (toilet 3, bathroom, washroom, washing room 2 and kitchen 4) in a house 1, a drainage channel from a drainage source to a septic tank, and a conventional positional relationship of a septic tank 9. It is a layout (plan view). Septic tank 9 from each discharge source of toilet 3, bathroom, washroom, laundry room 2 and kitchen 4.
In the drainage flow path leading to, a drainage mass, ie, a toilet mass 7, a bathroom / washroom / washing room mass 5, and a kitchen mass 8 are provided, and the respective drainage masses are connected by pipes. ing. All the wastewater from the discharge source is poured into a septic tank, purified in a septic tank 9, passed through a disinfecting cartridge 17, disinfected in a disinfecting tank 16, and then guided to a storage tank 10. When the treated water is reused, the treated water is used as washing water for the toilet 3 via a recycling pipe 13 by a recycling pump 11 provided in a storage tank 10.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Among the discharge sources of toilets, kitchens, and bathrooms, washrooms, and laundry rooms, drainage from bathrooms,
In particular, about 200 L of warm water is discharged in a short time within about 3 minutes as the drainage discharged at once after bathing. Therefore, the septic tank at the discharge destination has a high water load and a high organic matter load, and the quality of the treated water deteriorates. Further, since all domestic wastewater including manure is treated in the septic tank, it is necessary to perform residual chlorine disinfection in consideration of discharge. Furthermore, if the stored water is not reused (for recycling or the like) for a long period of time, the stored water will rot, giving rise to a bad smell during use and giving a feeling of discomfort. The present invention provides a domestic wastewater treatment method and a domestic wastewater treatment device (a domestic wastewater treatment system) that do not apply an excessive amount of water load and organic matter load to a septic tank, and that the treated water quality is stable and does not cause a problem such as an odor. It is.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] Toilets, kitchens and bathrooms
Among the wastewater discharged from the washroom, washing room, etc., the wastewater with low pollutant concentration is the wastewater discharged from the bathroom, washroom, laundry room, and accounts for about 50% of the total discharge in terms of water volume. I have.
Of these, it is not always necessary to treat the wastewater from the bathroom or the rinse water from the washing machine, which accounts for about 25% of the total wastewater, in the septic tank. Therefore, the present inventors have conceived of reducing the load on the septic tank without flowing the wastewater into the septic tank, and completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides the following (1) to (3)
And (4) to (5), a domestic wastewater treatment device (or a domestic wastewater treatment system). (1) Domestic wastewater is divided into wastewater with a high BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) and wastewater with a low BOD. A domestic wastewater treatment method in which wastewater having a low BOD is subjected to purification treatment only when the value (indicated value) detected by the pollutant detection sensor is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. (2) The method for treating domestic wastewater according to the above (1), wherein when the indication value of the pollutant detection sensor is less than a predetermined value, the wastewater is stored in a storage tank for further processing or reuse. (3) The method for treating domestic wastewater according to the above (1) or (2), wherein the pollutant detection sensor is installed in a drainage mass provided in a drainage flow path upstream of the septic tank.

(4) A domestic wastewater treatment apparatus comprising a wastewater flow path and a septic tank provided downstream thereof, wherein wastewater with a high BOD is necessarily guided to a downstream septic tank and treated there. Forming a channel, and forming a drainage channel so that the drainage having a low BOD is guided to the septic tank and processed only when the indicated value of the pollutant detection sensor installed in the drainage channel is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. Household wastewater treatment equipment. (5) The pollutant detection sensor is installed in a drainage mass provided in a drainage flow passage for drainage having a low BOD, and a portion behind the drainage mass interlocks with the indicated value of the sensor and is equal to or more than a predetermined value. Is provided with two-channel switching means for guiding the wastewater to a septic tank and, when the value is less than a predetermined value, guiding the wastewater to a storage tank, wherein the storage tank is provided with a diffuser means, a filter means and / or a recycling means. Liquid feeding means is provided,
The domestic wastewater treatment device according to the above (4).

[0007] Here, the wastewater having a high BOD refers to wastewater having a BOD of 20 ppm or more (standard value of the structure of a human sewage treatment tank), and sewage and wastewater from toilets and kitchens corresponds to this. The low BOD wastewater refers to wastewater having a BOD of less than 20 ppm, such as bathroom wastewater and washing machine rinsing water. The drainage and washing water in the washroom may or may not exceed 20 ppm BOD on a case-by-case basis.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a layout diagram (plan view) showing the positional relationship among a domestic wastewater treatment apparatus (domestic wastewater treatment system), a drainage source, a drainage channel and a septic tank according to one embodiment of the present invention. . As shown in FIG. 1, a bathroom, washroom, and laundry room mass 5 is provided in a drainage flow path from the bathroom, washroom, and laundry room 2, and a switching valve 6 is provided behind the mass. Further, a pollutant detection sensor 14 is provided in the bathroom, washroom, and laundry room mass 5, and the switching valve 6 is operated via a controller 15 connected to the pollutant detection sensor 14. The pollutant detection sensor 14 measures the turbidity in the waste water, and if the turbidity is less than a predetermined value, the switching valve 6
Is switched to the inlet side of the storage tank 10 and to the inlet side of the purification tank 9 when the turbidity is equal to or more than a predetermined value. The predetermined value of turbidity can be set arbitrarily, but preferably,
Turbidity corresponding to 20 ppm of BOD or less.
This value is about 5 or less when measured by JIS K0102 drainage test method (turbidity: degree of turbidity of water).

FIG. 2 shows another flow path switching different from that shown in FIG. 1, and is an arrangement diagram of a drainage mass 5 for a bathroom, a washroom, and a laundry room. As shown in FIG. 2, the outlet of the drainage mass 5 for the bathroom, washroom, and laundry room is divided into two paths, and on-off valves 20 and 21 are attached to the respective paths. Further, a pollutant detection sensor 14 is provided in the bathroom, washroom, and laundry room mass 5, and the on-off valves 20 and 21 are operated via a controller 15 connected to the pollutant detection sensor 14. The on-off valve 20 is opened and the on-off valve 21 is closed when the indicated value of the pollutant detection sensor 14 is less than a predetermined value, and the on-off valve 20 is closed and the on-off valve 21 is opened when the indicated value is more than a predetermined value. Is controlled.

[0010] Thus, the pollutant detection sensor 1
The low polluted water whose indicated value of 4 is less than the predetermined value is stored in the storage tank 1
0 and stored there. The stored water can be used as it is, or after being subjected to aeration treatment or disinfection treatment, as washing water for the toilet 3 or garden spray water via the recycling pipe 13 by the recycling pump 11. In addition, water having a low degree of contamination, in which the value indicated by the pollutant detection sensor 14 is less than a predetermined value, may be discharged without being stored in the storage tank 11.

The highly polluted waste water whose indication value of the pollutant detection sensor 14 is equal to or more than a predetermined value is introduced into the septic tank 9 and is purified by the septic tank 9 together with the waste water from the toilet and the kitchen. It is disinfected in the disinfection tank 16 via the tube 17 and discharged from the septic tank outlet 12.

The storage tank 10 can be provided with an air diffuser 18, a filter 19, or a liquid sending means (a pump or the like) for recycling. In the case where the air diffuser 18 and the filter 19 are provided, the air is diffused (aerated) and circulated to the filter 19 by an air lift pump or the like. The treated water can be used for toilet washing water, car washing water, garden spray water and the like. Although the storage tank 10 is installed in the septic tank 9 in FIG. 1, it may be installed outside the septic tank 9.

The contaminant detection sensor used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can detect the contaminant concentration. Preferred is, for example, an ultrasonic sensor. The ultrasonic sensor utilizes the relationship between the turbidity and the arrival time of the ultrasonic wave of a specific frequency. The higher the turbidity, the longer the arrival time of the ultrasonic wave. Using this relationship, the switching value of the switching valve can be set.

In addition to the above-mentioned ultrasonic sensor, a transmitting unit and a receiving unit for ultrasonic waves, ultraviolet rays, near infrared rays, etc. are provided opposite to each other, and a relationship between turbidity and attenuation of waves between the transmitting unit and the receiving unit. Alternatively, a sensor utilizing the method can be used. Here, when using ultrasonic waves, the attenuation of the ultrasonic waves may be measured by integrating the transmitting unit and the receiving unit.

When a switching valve is used in the present invention, a ball valve whose valve body rotates in a spherical shape is preferable in order to prevent clogging and leakage due to foreign substances and viscous slime-like substances in waste water.

In the case where an on-off valve is used in the present invention, a ball valve whose valve body rotates in a spherical shape, a disc, or the like is used in order to prevent clogging and leakage due to foreign substances and viscous slime-like substances in wastewater. Butterfly valves having a rotary valve body, diaphragm valves having a structure in which a flow path is opened and closed by an elastic diaphragm such as rubber, and the like are preferably used.

Next, a typical septic tank and treatment of domestic wastewater which can be used in the method and apparatus for treating domestic wastewater of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The septic tank is mainly composed of an anaerobic filter bed tank 32 and an anaerobic filter bed tank 33.
And an aerobic filter bed tank 34. First, the drainage enters the upper part of the anaerobic filter bed tank 32 from the inflow port and flows downward to the lower part of the tank.
At this time, in the anaerobic filter bed tank 32, the solid matter is captured by the filter medium 23 while passing through the filter medium filling section 24, and the organic matter is decomposed by the anaerobic microorganisms attached to the filter medium 23. Precipitates. The water treated in the anaerobic filter bed tank 32 passes through the advection section from below the filter medium filling section 24, enters the upper part of the anaerobic filter bed tank 33, and heads downward in a downward flow.
At this time, in the anaerobic filter bed tank 33, the solid matter is captured by the filter medium 23 while passing through the filter medium filling unit 24, and the decomposition of the organic matter by the anaerobic microorganisms attached to the filter medium 23 further occurs.
Solids settle near the bottom of the tank.

The water treated in the anaerobic filter bed tank 33 passes through the advection section from below the filter medium filling section 24 and enters the upper part of the aerobic filter bed tank 34. In this aerobic filter bed tank 34, air is diffused through the air diffuser 22 by the blower 39 so as to maintain an aerobic state. The water flows downward to the bottom of the tank. At this time, in the aerobic filter bed tank 34, while passing through the filter medium filling section 24, the capture of solids by the filter medium 23 and the decomposition of organic substances by aerobic microorganisms attached to the filter medium 3 further progress.

The water treated in the aerobic filter bed tank 34 enters the treated water tank 40 as treated water and goes to the disinfecting tank 41 provided on the treated water tank 40. In the disinfecting tank 41, the treated water comes into contact with the disinfectant in the disinfecting cartridge 42, is sterilized, and is discharged outside the septic tank.

[0020]

According to the method for treating domestic wastewater according to claims 1 to 3, since wastewater does not flow into the septic tank at one time, an excessive load of water and an organic substance in the septic tank can be avoided.
In addition, the quality of the treated water is stabilized and the generation of offensive odor is suppressed, so that no discomfort is given. In addition, even if the treated water is not reused for recycling for a long time, the stored water does not rot and does not generate an odor. Furthermore, a flow regulating tank is not required, and the septic tank is compact. The treated water can be reused for toilet wash water, car wash water, garden spray water, etc., contributing to resource saving. According to the domestic wastewater treatment apparatus of the fourth and fifth aspects, the septic tank can be made compact, and the same effect as described above is exerted.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a layout view (plan view) showing a positional relationship among a domestic wastewater treatment apparatus, a drainage source, a drainage channel, and a septic tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a layout view (plan view) of a drainage mass for a bathroom, a washroom, and a laundry room, and another example of a switching valve provided behind the drainage mass.

FIG. 3 is an example of a septic tank used in the present invention, in which (a) is a schematic plan view seen through the upper outer wall of the septic tank, and (b) is a schematic sectional view taken along the line AA of (a).

FIG. 4 is a layout view (plan view) showing a positional relationship among a conventional drainage source, a drainage channel, and a septic tank.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: house 2: bathroom, washroom, laundry room 3: toilet 4: kitchen 5: bathroom, washroom, laundry room mass 6: switching valve 7: toilet mass 8: kitchen mass 9: septic tank 10: storage tank 11: Recycle pump 12: Septic tank outlet 13: Recycle pipe 14: Pollutant detection sensor 15: Controller 16: Disinfecting tank 17: Disinfecting medicine bottle 18: Air diffuser 19: Filtration device 20, 21: Open / close valve 22: Air diffuser Member 23: Filter medium 24: Filter medium filling part 25: Filter medium holding member 26: Support member 27: Lid 32: Anaerobic filter bed tank 33: Anaerobic filter bed tank 34: Aerobic filter bed tank 39: Blower 40: Treatment water tank 41: Disinfection Tank 42: Disinfecting medicine tube 43: Manhole cover 44: Cleaning drainage discharging member 45: Cleaning drainage transferring member 46: Outer wall 47: Partition member 48: Circulating water transferring member

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. When the domestic wastewater is divided into wastewater with a high BOD and wastewater with a low BOD, and all or a part of the wastewater is purified in a septic tank, the wastewater with a high BOD is completely purified. Low wastewater is purified only when the value (indicated value) by the pollutant detection sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.
How to treat domestic wastewater. 2. The method for treating domestic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein when the indication value of the pollutant detection sensor is less than a predetermined value, the wastewater is stored in a storage tank for further processing or reuse. 3. The method for treating domestic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the pollutant detection sensor is installed in a drainage mass provided in a drainage flow path upstream of the septic tank. 4. A domestic wastewater treatment apparatus comprising a wastewater flow path and a septic tank provided downstream thereof, wherein a wastewater with a high BOD is formed in a downstream septic tank and formed therein so as to be treated there. A wastewater treatment apparatus for forming a wastewater flow path so that wastewater with a low BOD is guided to a septic tank and processed only when an indication value of a pollutant detection sensor installed in the wastewater flow path is equal to or more than a predetermined value. . 5. The pollutant detection sensor is installed in a drainage mass provided in a drainage flow passage for drainage having a low BOD, and a rearward of the drainage mass interlocks with an indicated value of the sensor and has a predetermined value or more. In some cases, two-way switching means is provided to guide the wastewater to the septic tank and to guide the wastewater to the storage tank when the value is less than a predetermined value. The storage tank is provided with an air diffuser, a filter, and / or a liquid feeder. 5. The domestic wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising means.