JP2001029445A - Deodorizing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the fear of firing of a catalyst during regeneration of the catalyst and trouble such that gas adsorbed is desorbed and re-emits condensed odors without being oxidized and decomposed during thermal regeneration. SOLUTION: In this deodorizing apparatus, gas sucked by a ventilating means 11 into a casing 8 forming a part or the whole of an air passage 1 is passed through an adsorption part 4 including an adsorption heater 2 with an adsorption layer formed on the surface of a metallic base serving also as an adsorption carrier and a heating element, and also through a decomposing part 7 including a catalytic heater 5 having a catalyst layer formed on the surface of a metallic base serving also as a catalyst carrier and a heating element, so as to adsorb odor components. The odor components adsorbed can be efficiently decomposed and deodorized without the fear of firing, so that the deodorizing apparatus can be used maintenance-free.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a deodorizing apparatus for purifying odor components generated from a cooking appliance, a combustion appliance, a garbage disposal machine, or the like, or for purifying various indoor odors.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, adsorbents such as activated carbon and zeolite have been used as deodorizing devices. In particular, activated carbon filters are widely used in air purifiers and the like. Such a deodorizer is disposed of when the adsorbent is saturated, and has a problem of being uneconomical.

[0003] For this reason, a method has been proposed in which a bad odor is adsorbed and removed in part by using an adsorption-type oxidative decomposition catalyst, and when the adsorption time reaches a certain level and the adsorbing ability decreases, the catalyst is regenerated. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-240923 discloses that a catalyst filter in which a platinum-based catalyst is supported on activated carbon is used to adsorb various odors. A method of regenerating by heating in a bun or the like and heating at about 200 to 300 ° C. for 10 to 30 minutes is disclosed. Also, JP-A-9-216
No. 928 discloses that a self-heating type metal carrier having a heat generating portion which generates heat when energized is made of a hydrophobic zeolite having a silica / alumina ratio of 100 or more and an amorphous oxide of zinc oxide and silica. A structure of a deodorizing catalyst for a vehicle air conditioner having an adsorbent layer formed thereon and carrying a catalyst component composed of manganese dioxide and copper oxide on the surface thereof and a method of regenerating the same are disclosed.

[0004]

Problems to be Solved by the Invention JP-A-63-2409
No. 23 has a problem that the catalyst may be ignited during regeneration of the catalyst. Further, the one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-216928 has a problem that the adsorbed gas is desorbed without being oxidized and decomposed at the time of heating and regeneration, and the odor is concentrated and released again.

[0005]

A gas sucked into a casing forming a part or all of an air passage by a ventilation means is provided with an adsorption layer formed on a surface of a metal base material which also functions as an adsorption carrier and a heating element. The odor component is adsorbed and adsorbed by passing through the adsorption unit including the adsorption heater and the decomposition unit including the catalyst heater in which the catalyst layer is formed on the surface of the metal base material serving also as the catalyst carrier and the heating element. Is a deodorizing device that can efficiently decompose and deodorize.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The invention described in claim 1 is a method in which a gas sucked into a casing forming a part or the whole of an air passage by a ventilation means is supplied to a metal substrate serving as an adsorption carrier and a heating element. Smell components are adsorbed by passing through an adsorption section including an adsorption heater with an adsorption layer formed on the surface and a decomposition section including a catalyst heater with a catalyst layer formed on the surface of a metal substrate that also serves as a catalyst carrier and a heating element. In addition, the deodorizing device is capable of efficiently decomposing and deodorizing adsorbed odor components without causing a risk of ignition, and can be used for maintenance free.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, at least one or more oxides or composite oxides selected from the group consisting of zeolite, silica gel, zinc oxide, titanium oxide and silicon oxide are provided on the surface of the metal substrate in the adsorption section. An adsorbent layer containing a metal oxide catalyst or a noble metal catalyst is formed to provide a deodorizing device having excellent adsorption capacity at normal temperature.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a precious metal and a sintered oxide of aluminum and at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of cerium, barium, lanthanum, and zirconium are provided on the surface of the metal substrate in the decomposition section. A deodorizing device having a structure carrying a catalyst including a catalyst and having excellent decomposition and deodorizing ability at the time of regeneration and high energy use efficiency.

The invention described in claim 4 is a deodorizing apparatus in which the metal base material of the adsorbing section or the decomposing section is an expanded metal, has a small heat capacity, a high temperature rising speed, and a high energy use efficiency.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the ventilation means is stopped at the time of regeneration of the adsorption section, and after the temperature of the decomposition section reaches a predetermined value, the adsorption heater is energized to desorb the adsorption gas. In addition, a deodorizing apparatus is provided in which the amount of the processing gas is reduced so that the desorbed adsorption gas can be reliably decomposed.

[0011]

(Embodiment 1) Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the configuration of the present embodiment. The catalyst device according to the present embodiment includes an adsorption heater in which an adsorption layer is formed on a surface of a metal base material that also functions as an adsorption carrier and a heating element in a housing 8 formed of an electric insulator that forms the whole or a part of the ventilation path 1. 2, an adsorbing section 4 composed of an adsorbing body 3 disposed on the downstream side of the flow of the processing gas passing through the adsorbing heater 2 and adsorbing odorous components, and a catalyst layer on the surface of a metal substrate serving as a catalyst carrier and a heating element. , A decomposition unit 7 including a catalyst body 6 supporting a catalyst for decomposing odor components and the like, and a ventilation means 11.

In the present embodiment, the adsorbent of the adsorbing section 4 is at least one oxide or composite oxide selected from the group consisting of zeolite, silica gel, zinc oxide, titanium oxide and silicon oxide, and a transition metal oxide catalyst. Alternatively, a catalyst containing a noble metal catalyst is used. Further, the catalyst body 6 of the decomposing section 7 includes one containing a sintered oxide of aluminum, one or more selected from the group of cerium, barium, lanthanum, or zirconium, and a noble metal catalyst.

The adsorption heater 2 and the catalyst heater 5 use a porous metal base material as a resistor for the heater.
Terminals 9a, 9b, 10a, and 10b are arranged on the end faces, respectively. That is, the terminals 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b
By supplying commercial power from the
The catalyst heater 5 is heated to generate heat.

Hereinafter, the catalyst heater 5 and the catalyst body 6 of this embodiment will be described.
The method for producing the sintered oxide constituting the catalyst layer 14 will be described. The sintered oxide is prepared as follows.
The materials used are 720 parts by weight of aluminum hydroxide, 217 parts by weight of cerium nitrate hexahydrate, 38 parts by weight of barium carbonate, and 1520 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water. After mixing these materials, dry at 100 ° C,
Thereafter, sintering and drying are continuously performed at 1000 ° C. for 60 minutes.
Thereafter, it is cooled and pulverized to obtain a sintered oxide.
In this example, preparation of a sintered oxide of aluminum and cerium was described, but a sintered oxide of barium, lanthanum, and zirconium can be obtained in the same manner. 400 parts by weight of the sintered oxide thus obtained, 50 parts by weight of aluminum nitrate nonahydrate, 80 parts by weight of colloidal alumina, 68 parts by weight of a 4.5% by weight aqueous dinitrodiammineplatinum nitrate solution, 4.5% by weight
136 parts by weight of an aqueous dinitrodiammine palladium nitrate solution and 256 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water are pulverized in a 2-liter ball mill for 5 hours, and have a viscosity of 105 CP / 25 ° C. and an average particle size distribution using a B-type rotary viscometer (manufactured by Tokyo Keiki) 4.
This is to obtain a catalyst slurry of 1 micron (particle size measuring device manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). The catalyst slurry thus obtained is
A predetermined amount is applied to the expanded metal 12a of the catalyst heater 5, dried at 130 ° C. for 20 minutes, and subsequently dried at 600 ° C. for 2 minutes.
After baking for 0 minutes, the catalyst heater 5 is obtained. The catalyst layer 14 of the catalyst body 6 is also obtained in the same manner as described above.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below. The deodorizing apparatus of the present embodiment is suitable for purifying odorous gas at normal temperature, and is used, for example, by arranging it in a flow path of exhaust gas of a garbage disposer or the like. In this case, the gas containing the odor component generated from the garbage when the garbage is dried is sucked by the ventilation means 11 and flows into the ventilation path 1 formed by the housing 8. When this gas passes through the adsorbent 3 of the adsorber 4, the adsorbent 3 is made of zeolite, silica gel, zinc oxide,
Since it has an adsorbent containing at least one or more oxides or composite oxides selected from the group consisting of titanium oxide and silicon oxide, and a transition metal oxide catalyst or a noble metal catalyst, odor components in the gas are adsorbed. It is absorbed by the body 3. Therefore, when the gas is discharged to the outside from the ventilation passage 1 through the decomposition unit 7, the gas is purified and the odor is not discharged to the outside of the device. That is, the odor such as garbage is not discharged from the device, and the situation where the odor is filled in the room does not occur.

If, for example, 24 hours have passed and the adsorption capacity has been reduced by the odor component adsorbed by the adsorbent 3, the adsorption heater 2 and the catalyst heater 5 can be regenerated by energizing them at predetermined time intervals. Things. That is, between the terminals 9a and 9b and between the terminals 10a and 10b.
During this time, a commercial AC power supply is energized. When electricity is supplied between the terminals 9a and 9b, the adsorption heater 2 generates heat and heats the adsorption body 3. When the adsorbent 3 is heated and reaches a predetermined temperature, the odor component adsorbed by the adsorbent 3 is desorbed from the adsorbent 3. The deodorized odor component rises to the decomposition unit 7 disposed above the adsorption unit 4. At this time, since the commercial AC power is also supplied between the terminals 10a and 10b, the catalyst heater 5 is heating the catalyst body 6. The catalyst 6 supports a catalyst containing a sintered oxide of aluminum, one or more of cerium, barium, lanthanum, or zirconium, and a noble metal catalyst. Therefore, the odor component is decomposed and purified by the decomposing unit 7. At this time, the catalyst body 6 of the decomposition section 7 is also regenerated at the same time.

Therefore, even during the regeneration, the gas discharged from the ventilation passage 1 contains no odorous component and does not give a sense of strangeness to the surroundings.

At this time, in the present embodiment, the adsorbent 3 constituting the adsorbing section 4 is made of at least one oxide or composite oxide selected from the group consisting of zeolite, silica gel, zinc oxide, titanium oxide and silicon oxide. Since it is composed of a transition metal oxide catalyst or a noble metal catalyst, there is no possibility of ignition in the regeneration process described in the conventional example.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the ventilation path 1
A casing 8 forming a part or all of the above, a suction part 4 including a suction heater 3 in which an adsorption layer is formed on the surface of a metal base material also serving as an adsorption carrier and a heating element, and also serving as a catalyst carrier and a heating element. By having a decomposition unit 7 including a catalyst heater 5 having a catalyst layer formed on the surface of a metal base material and a ventilation means 11, the odor component is adsorbed and the adsorbed odor component may be ignited. An object of the present invention is to realize a deodorizing apparatus which can be efficiently decomposed and deodorized without accompanying the same and can be used for maintenance free.

At this time, the adsorption heater 2 and the adsorbent 3 may be configured as shown in FIG. That is, the suction heater 2 has a configuration in which the expanded metal 12a is used as a metal base material, the suction layer 13 is formed on the surface thereof, and the terminals 9a and 9b are provided at both ends. Similarly, the adsorbent 3 has a configuration in which the expanded metal 12b is used as a metal base material, and the adsorbing layer 13 is formed on the surface thereof. As the adsorption layer 13, zeolite, silica gel, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, at least one oxide or composite oxide selected from the group of silicon oxide,
A catalyst containing a metal oxide catalyst or a noble metal catalyst is used.

According to experiments conducted by the inventors, by adopting such a structure, odor components such as dimethyl sulfide, methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, acetaldehyde or toluene and xylene can be effectively adsorbed at room temperature. You can do it.

Further, the disassembling section 7 may be configured as shown in FIG. That is, the catalyst heater 5 constituting the disassembling section 7 uses an expanded metal 12a as a metal base material, forms a catalyst layer 14 on the surface thereof, and has terminals 10a and 10b at both ends.
As is well known, the expanded metal 12a has a large number of vents, and therefore has a small heat capacity. Further, the catalyst body 6 uses the expanded metal 12b as a metal base similarly to the catalyst heater 5, and the catalyst layer 14 is formed thereon. The catalyst layer 14 uses a catalyst including a sintered oxide of aluminum, at least one selected from the group consisting of cerium, barium, lanthanum, and zirconium, and a noble metal catalyst.

With this configuration, the expanded metals 12a and 12b used as the metal base material have a small heat capacity, so that a temperature rising speed is high and a deodorizing device with high energy use efficiency can be realized.

(Experimental Example) Hereinafter, the results of an experiment conducted to verify the effect of the deodorizing apparatus described in the first embodiment will be reported.

First, the result of the temperature rise test of the catalyst will be described. In this test, the time required for the surface temperature of the catalyst body to reach 400 ° C. from room temperature is compared between the configuration described in Example 1 and the configuration described in the conventional example. The test conditions at this time are as follows: the power consumption of the heating element is 150 W, the space velocity of the processing gas is 10000 h ^−1, and the temperature measurement at this time is performed using a thermocouple. Table 1 shows the results of this experiment.

[0026]

[Table 1]

As shown in Table 1, the configuration of the first embodiment took 2 minutes, while the configuration of the conventional example took 10 minutes. The reason for this is that, as described above, the expanded metals 12a and 12b used as the metal base material have a high aperture ratio, have a small heat capacity, and therefore have a high temperature rising speed.

Second, the ventilation path contains odorous components.
When flowing gas, smell contained in this gas
I'm doing experiments to see how much is removed
You. The odor component used in the experiment was dimethyl sulfide,
The gas concentration is 500 ppm (N _TwoBalance).
Dimethyl sulfide replaces odors emitted from kitchen waste treatment equipment.
It is a gas to represent. The space velocity of the processing gas is 1000
0h^-1Gas concentration is measured by gas chromatography
Has gone by. Under the above conditions, the first embodiment will be described.
And the configuration described in the conventional example.
Is what you are doing. The results of this test are shown in Table 2.
ing.

[0029]

[Table 2]

As can be seen from Table 2, the gas removal rate of the present embodiment is lower than the rated value of the heating element even when the temperature of the heating element is low. Is almost 100%, which is a high-performance deodorizing device.

(Embodiment 2) Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating control characteristics of a control device that drives the deodorizing device of the present embodiment. FIG. 4 (a)
The suction heater 2 shown in FIG. 4 has a larger capacity than the suction heater 2 shown in FIG.

In the present embodiment, when the adsorbent 3 is regenerated, the ventilation means 11 is stopped, and the adsorption heater 2 and the catalyst heater 5 are energized. At this time, when the capacity of the adsorption heater 2 is small, as shown in FIG. 4B, the catalyst heater 5 and the adsorption heater 2 are energized simultaneously, and when the capacity of the adsorption heater 2 is large, ,
As shown in FIG. 4A, the energization start timing of the adsorption heater 2 is delayed from the energization start timing of the catalytic heater 5.

The reason for this is that the timing at which the adsorbent 3 reaches a predetermined temperature and the adsorbed odor component starts to desorb differs depending on the capacity of the adsorption heater 2. That is, when the suction heater 2 having a large capacity is used,
In order for deodorization of the odor component to occur quickly, the catalyst heater 5 must be energized first to activate the catalyst body 6 quickly. On the other hand, when the capacity of the adsorption heater 2 is small, desorption of the odor component occurs slowly, so that
It is not necessary to rush the energization of the catalyst heater 5.

In any case, since the ventilation means 11 is stopped in this embodiment, the amount of the processing gas is small, the regeneration of the adsorbent 3 is reliably performed, and it can be used repeatedly. Things. Further, for example, when the completion of the desorption of the adsorbed gas is recognized by detecting the lapse of a predetermined time, the power supply to the adsorption heater 2 is stopped, and the temperature of the adsorption section 4 further decreases to the predetermined temperature. The power of the catalyst heater 5 is turned off when it is detected that the operation has been completed. The fact that the temperature of the suction section 4 has reached the predetermined temperature can be easily recognized, for example, by using a temperature detecting device or by setting a time.

The ventilation heater 11 is stopped by controlling the adsorption heater 2 and the catalyst heater 5 in the above-described sequence, so that the amount of the processing gas is reduced and the odor is not discharged. The part 4 can be reliably reproduced and can be used repeatedly.

[0036]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an adsorption heater in which an adsorption layer is formed on a surface of a metal substrate which also functions as an adsorption carrier and a heating element, in a housing forming a part or all of a ventilation path. An adsorbing section that includes a catalytic heater having a catalyst layer formed on the surface of a metal substrate that also serves as a catalyst carrier and a heat generating element, and a ventilation unit, and the adsorbing odor component may be ignited. The present invention realizes a deodorizing apparatus which can be efficiently decomposed and deodorized and can be used in a maintenance-free manner.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, at least one or more oxides or composite oxides selected from the group consisting of zeolite, silica gel, zinc oxide, titanium oxide and silicon oxide are provided on the surface of the metal substrate in the adsorption section. As a configuration in which an adsorption layer containing a metal oxide catalyst or a noble metal catalyst is formed,
An object of the present invention is to realize a deodorizing device having excellent adsorption capacity at normal temperature.

According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a sintered oxide of aluminum and at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of cerium, barium, lanthanum or zirconium, and a noble metal on the surface of the metal substrate in the decomposition section. As a configuration supporting a catalyst including a catalyst, a deodorizing apparatus having excellent decomposition and deodorizing ability at the time of regeneration and high energy use efficiency is realized.

The invention described in claim 4 realizes a deodorizing device having a small heat capacity, a high temperature rising speed, and a high energy use efficiency by using a metal base material of the adsorbing portion or the decomposing portion made of expanded metal. Things.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the ventilation means is stopped during regeneration of the adsorption section, and after the temperature of the decomposition section reaches a predetermined value, the adsorption heater is energized to desorb the adsorption gas. The present invention realizes a deodorizing apparatus in which the amount of the processing gas is reduced so that the desorbed adsorption gas can be reliably decomposed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a deodorizing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an adsorption unit of the deodorizing apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a disassembly section of the deodorizing apparatus.

4A and 4B are explanatory diagrams illustrating a control method of a deodorizing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4A illustrates a case where the capacity of the suction heater is large. FIG. 4B illustrates a case where the capacity of the suction heater is small.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ventilation path 2 Adsorption heater 3 Adsorber 4 Adsorption part 5 Catalytic heater 7 Decomposition part 8 Housing 9a, 9b Terminal 10a, 10b terminal 11 Ventilation means 12a, 12b Expanded metal 13 Adsorption layer 14 Catalyst layer

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification FI FI Theme Court ゛ (Reference) B01J 23/58 B01J 35/04 351 35/04 351 B01D 53/36 ZABA (72) Inventor Yoshifumi Moriya Osaka Prefecture 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. CC15 HH05 JJ03 KK08 LL10 MM02 MM03 MM04 MM06 MM07 QQ12 QQ17 4D048 AA22 BA03X BA08X BA15X BA18X BA19X BA30X BA31X BB04 BD01 CA01 CA07 CC38 CC39 CC53 DA01 DA13 EA04 4G066 AA02A02AAB02A23A02BAA02BAA23A BC42A BC43A BC51A BC72A BC72B BC75A BC75B CA04 CA10 CA17 CD02 CD03 DA06 EA12

Claims (5)

[Claims] An adsorption section including an adsorption heater in which an adsorption layer is formed on a surface of a metal base serving also as an adsorption carrier and a heating element, in a casing forming part or all of a ventilation path, A deodorizing apparatus comprising: a decomposing section including a catalyst heater in which a catalyst layer is formed on a surface of a metal base material also serving as a body; and a ventilation means. 2. A zeolite on a surface of a metal substrate in an adsorption section.
2. An adsorption layer comprising at least one oxide or composite oxide selected from the group consisting of silica gel, zinc oxide, titanium oxide and silicon oxide, and a metal oxide catalyst or a noble metal catalyst. Deodorizing equipment. 3. A catalyst comprising a noble metal catalyst and a sintered oxide of aluminum and at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of cerium, barium, lanthanum, and zirconium on the surface of the metal substrate in the decomposition section. The deodorizing device according to claim 1 or 2. 4. The deodorizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the metal base material of the adsorption section or the decomposition section is an expanded metal. 5. The ventilation means is stopped during regeneration of the suction unit,
The deodorizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the adsorption heater is energized to desorb the adsorbed gas after the temperature of the decomposition section reaches a predetermined value.