JP2001020535A - Gripper of construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gripper imposing little bending moment on an arm and being simpler and lighter in weight than grippers of the prior art. SOLUTION: This gripper comprises a mounting plate 4 for mounting on an arm 12, an upper claw 1 and a lower claw 2 journaled respectively to the closing shafts 5, 6 of the mounting plate 4, an interlocking link 7 for the upper claw 1 and the lower claw 2, a transmission link 3 connecting either the upper claw 1 or lower claw 2 to a cylinder rod 10, and an oscillating link 15 connecting the transmission link 3 to the mounting plate 4. The cylinder rod 10 moves back and forth approximately parallel to the arm 12.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the dismantling of wooden houses,
The present invention relates to improvement of a grabber (fork grab) of a construction machine used for transporting lumber.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a construction machine, there is no particular problem in using a bucket or the like for excavating the ground, even if a cylinder for operating the bucket is inclined with respect to an arm, because there is a reaction force from the ground. However, in the gripper used for dismantling wooden houses and transporting timber, there is no reaction force from the ground, so if the cylinder that opens and closes the claw is inclined with respect to the arm, an unnecessary bending moment may be applied to the arm in some cases. In addition, there was a problem of damaging the arm. In order to solve this, it is necessary to move the cylinder rod as far as possible parallel to the arm when opening and closing the claws of the gripper.

[0003] Regarding the problem of this grabber, the present inventor:
Previously, a solution was attempted with a gripper using a swinging link (Patent No. 2031802). That is, the upper pawl and the lower pawl are pivotally supported by the pawl opening / closing shaft of the mounting plate, and the upper / lower open / close link and the lower open / close link are rotatably connected to a bearing protruding at an intermediate portion between the upper pawl and the lower pawl, The rear ends of the upper opening / closing link and the lower opening / closing link are joined together and supported by a swinging opening / closing shaft connected to the lower side of the swinging link provided on the upper swinging support shaft of the mounting plate. The swing opening / closing shaft is connected to the extension operation arm provided with the rear end of either the upper opening / closing link or the lower opening / closing link along the cylinder rod longitudinal direction from the swing opening / closing shaft and the cylinder rod. The swing support shaft is set so that the cylinder rod moves substantially linearly in the longitudinal direction of the arm while the dynamic opening / closing shaft swings by the swing link.

[0004]

The above-mentioned gripper (Japanese Patent No. 2031802) has been well-received because of its good operating condition for the purpose of avoiding damage to the arm. However, since the upper swing support shaft of the swing link is located at a high position, the mounting plate protrudes greatly, so that it may hit an unnecessary place during work or the boom cannot be kept low in the turning posture. In some cases, height restrictions on tunnels and other vehicles have become a problem. In addition, there were many links connecting each part, and it was undeniable that the gripper would be complicated and heavy. If it becomes complicated, it takes time to assemble, and the manufacturing cost is increased simply because the number of parts increases. other than this,
An important issue as a gripper is the relationship between the opening and closing of the claws and the gripping force. The link configuration employed in the previous gripper (Japanese Patent No. 2031802) exhibits the greatest gripping force when fully opened, and the gripping force decreases as the claws are closed. However, it is desirable that the grip force increases as much as possible when the nail is fully closed. Therefore, based on a gripper that solved the problem of the bending moment (Patent No. 2031802), we studied to overcome the above problems and develop a simpler and lighter gripper.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION As a result of the study, the following have been developed: a mounting plate for an arm, an upper pawl and a lower pawl pivotally supported on an opening / closing shaft of the mounting plate, and an interlocking mechanism of the upper and lower pawls. And a transmission link connecting either the upper pawl or the lower pawl to the cylinder rod, and a swing link connecting the transmission link and the mounting plate, so that the cylinder rod advances and retreats substantially parallel to the arm. It is a gripper for construction machinery. The present invention includes a case where a bucket is used instead of one or both of the upper and lower claws.

In this gripper, a transmission link for connecting either the upper pawl or the lower pawl to the cylinder rod is supported by a swing link in a freely movable manner, and the transmission link is rocked as the pawl is opened and closed. Thereby, the reciprocating trajectory of the cylinder rod is kept substantially parallel. Each of the open / close axes of the upper and lower claws may be either coaxial or separate. A link mechanism or a gear mechanism can be used as an interlocking mechanism of the upper and lower claws.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a gripper to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the gripper, and FIG. 3 is a state where the upper and lower claws 1 and 2 start to open from a closed state (the state of FIG. 1). FIG. 4 is a side view showing the gripper in a state where the upper and lower claws 1 and 2 are fully opened. FIG. 5 is a side view showing the gripper in a closed state (equivalent to FIG. 1). (Equivalent to Fig. 4)
FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged side view showing a displacement of a transmission link 3 when the transmission link 3 is reached.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the gripper of this embodiment has two upper claws 1 on an upper opening / closing shaft 5 laid between mounting plates 4, 4 fixed to both sides of an arm 12, and Similarly, three lower claws 2 are mounted on a lower opening / closing shaft 6 erected between the mounting plates 4 and 4. Although the interlocking link 7 is used as an interlocking mechanism of the upper pawl 1 and the lower pawl 2, a gear mechanism can also be used. The upper pawl 1 is integrally attached with an upper link plate 8 on which the transmission link 3 and the interlocking link 7 are pivotally mounted, and the lower pawl 2 is integrally attached with a lower link plate 9 on which the interlocking link 7 is pivotally mounted. In this example, the upper pawl 1 and the cylinder rod 10 are connected via the transmission link 3. However, when the cylinder 11 is attached to the back of the arm 12,
A configuration in which the lower claw 2 and the cylinder rod 10 are connected to each other and upside down may be adopted.

The transmission link 3 is connected to the cylinder rod 10 and swings a swing link 15 pivotally supported by the mounting plate 4 near the center of the upper link plate 8 or the front and rear shafts 13 and 14 attached to the cylinder rod 10. They are connected by a driving shaft 16. As a result, the forward / backward movement of the thin rod 10 is transmitted to the upper pawl 1 while the transmission link 3 is displaced while swinging, and further moves the lower pawl 2 via the interlocking link 7 so that the upper pawl 1 and the lower pawl 2 are moved. Open and close in conjunction.

As shown in FIG. 1, the mounting plate 4 has a deformed rectangular shape which is substantially vertically symmetrical, and has two mounting holes 17, 18, 19, 20 at the front, two at the top, one at the middle, and one at the rear. Is provided. Of these, the upper and lower opening / closing shafts 5 and 6 are inserted into the two front mounting holes 17 and 18, and are fixed to the arm 12 through the middle and rear mounting holes 20 and 19. The mounting hole 19 is formed as a long hole so that the fixing position can be finely adjusted. Also, the middle mounting hole
Reference numeral 20 also serves as a swing support shaft for the swing link 15 while fixing the mounting plate 4 to the arm 12. This swing link
Regardless of the position, the 15 pivot shafts may be disposed separately from the arm shaft, or may also be used as the arm shaft as in this embodiment, as long as they are on the mounting plate 4. As is clear from these, the gripper of the present invention has a very simple structure with the minimum required mounting holes, and it can be seen that miniaturization is achieved.

The swing link 15 swingably supports the transmission link 3 which moves back and forth as the cylinder rod 10 advances and retreats. The attitude of the transmission link 3 is determined by the positional relationship between the swing shaft 16 of the swing link 15, the shaft 13 before the shaft link of the upper link plate 8, and the shaft 14 after the shaft of the cylinder rod 10.
Here, the shaft 14 after being attached to the cylinder rod 10 is
When the upper claw 1 and the lower claw 2 are opened as shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, when the upper claw 1 and the lower claw 2 are opened, the upper link plate 8 of the upper claw 1 is displaced. Shaft front shaft
13 is absorbed by the attitude of the transmission link 3, and FIG.
As can be seen, the cylinder rod 10 is almost linear
Is displaced.

[0012]

The gripper of the construction machine according to the present invention naturally includes the excellent effects of the gripper described above (Japanese Patent No. 2031802). That is, when the pawl is opened and closed, the cylinder rod advances and retreats substantially in parallel along the arm, so that an unnecessary bending moment applied to the arm is reduced and the arm is not damaged.

The effects newly obtained by the present invention are as follows. First, the swinging transmission link supports the transmission link by moving the cylinder rod with the opening and closing of the pawl substantially parallel to the arm by the swinging transmission link. It can be shortened by being moved to the vicinity, which is the point that the mounting plate can be reduced in size. As a result, it was possible to keep the boom in the forward attitude low without hitting unnecessary places during work, and to improve the appearance. Also,
Secondly, since the gripper is simple and lightweight, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the configuration in which there are no rollers or guide grooves that come into sliding contact with each other has a long life with no occurrence of failures, and has the advantage of being able to enjoy excellent effects for a long time. Has become.

A third point to note is that the presence of the swinging transmission link improves the relationship between the opening and closing of the pawl and the gripping force. With the gripper of the present invention, the greatest gripping force can be exerted when the nail is fully closed, and the gripping force is reduced as the nail is opened, but can be kept substantially constant above a certain opening degree. The relationship between the opening and closing of the claws and the gripping force is extremely desirable, and it can be said that the gripper of the present invention has greatly improved workability and usability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a gripper to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the gripper.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing the gripper in a state where upper claws and lower claws start opening from a closed state (the state of FIG. 1).

FIG. 4 is a side view showing the gripper in a state where an upper nail and a lower nail are fully opened.

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged side view showing displacement of a transmission link from a closed state (corresponding to FIG. 1) to an open state (corresponding to FIG. 4).

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Upper pawl 2 Lower pawl 3 Transmission link 4 Mounting plate 5 Upper opening / closing axis 6 Lower opening / closing axis 7 Interlocking link 8 Upper link plate 9 Lower link plate 10 Cylinder rod 11 Cylinder 12 Arm 13 Shaft before shaft 14 Shaft after shaft 15 Swing Dynamic link 16 Oscillating shaft 17 Mounting hole 18 Mounting hole 19 Mounting hole 20 Mounting hole

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A mounting plate for an arm, an upper pawl and a lower pawl supported by an opening / closing shaft of the mounting plate, an interlocking mechanism of the upper pawl and the lower pawl, and one of the upper pawl or the lower pawl and a cylinder rod. And a swing link connecting the transmission link and the mounting plate, wherein the cylinder rod moves forward and backward substantially parallel to the arm. 2. The gripper according to claim 1, wherein a bucket is used in place of one or both of the upper and lower claws.