JP2001020268A - Resisting body penetration and rotary type ground survey device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To develop a resisting body penetration and rotary type ground survey device which has a simple construction and a relatively light weight and can be transported easily. SOLUTION: This device comprises a rod 2 having a ground penetration resisting body 1 at the tip, a load device giving a penetration load to the rod 2, and a rotary device which gives rotating force for penetration to the rod 2. In this case, a constant load generator 5 is attached to a base seat 3 placed on the ground surface, and a load device with a clamp 4 which has a lifting device 8 for lifting an output end 6 of the constant load generator 5 and is fixed to the upper portion of the rod 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ground survey for obtaining ground information by penetrating a resistor into the ground,
Up to the set upper limit force is a step load penetration type or penetration speed control type. If the penetration does not occur even at the upper limit penetration force, the strength and deformation information of the ground is obtained from the penetration resistance when rotating and penetrating while holding it, and it is easy to do The present invention relates to a device capable of exploring from portable soft ground to medium hard ground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A ground exploration method similar to the present invention is a Swedish sounding test according to JIS A1221 as a typical example of a stepwise constant load penetration test. This penetration test is based on a human power to measure the relationship between the rotation speed and the penetration amount when the penetration amount is not reached at the maximum load and the penetration amount due to the six-stage load. Many of those based on this test method have recently been automated (for example, Japanese Patent No. 2835263). In addition to this, there is a penetration rate control type JIS A1220 Dutch double pipe cone penetration test, which is an electric static cone penetration test, a multi-component cone penetration test, and the like, which are made with higher precision (for example, Patent Nos. 2,578,337 and 2,218,966).

[0003]

The problems of the prior art are listed below in terms of the apparatus. 1. Since load control and the like are performed by complicated electronic technology and software, it is a black box for on-site measurers, and emergency handling of troubles cannot be performed. 2. These control devices are expensive, heavy and large. 3. Both the penetration speed control type and the load control type are heavy, and their dimensions, weight and weight are not suitable for transportation and on-site movement, except for large equipment such as caterpillar vehicles (reduction of total weight, unit Packaging and packaging-less aiming at optimizing weight and streamlining transportation and movement).

As described above, the problem is that there is no ground exploration device developed with a focus on small-scale exploration such as ground exploration behind an alley, and exploration on an uneven terrain carrying path or a narrow and uneven place. is there.

[0005]

Means for solving the above problems will be described below. To solve problems such as anxiety of on-site measurement technicians, trouble prediction, and inability to perform first-aid processing due to non-sensory, complicated and advanced electronic technology for load control, penetration and rotation control, and data collection and recording. ,
A constant load spring (Osaka Heat Treatment Co., Ltd., trade name: Coupling, etc.) is mainly devised as a method of generating a constant load with a movable output end type penetrating load. A method of increasing / decreasing by a factor of several to several tens, a fluid cylinder having a pressure adjusting mechanism, and the like were also studied.

The present invention has been studied in various ways as described above, and it has been found that the output end of a constant load can expand and contract in any of the constant load generating methods in relation to the penetration method, that is, from several cm to several tens.
It is an essential condition that the output load is kept constant for a stroke of 0 cm. A mechanism for efficiently performing a penetration test with a set maximum load (100 kg in the case of JIS A1221) using these load sources, This is a newly developed step load penetration test mechanism that leads to load.

That is, a first aspect of the present invention is a resistor having a rod having a ground penetrating resistor at the tip, a load device for applying a penetrating load to the rod, and a rotating device for applying a penetrating rotational force to the rod. In a penetrating / rotating ground exploration device, a constant load generator is attached to a pedestal placed on the ground, and a clamp equipped with a pulling machine or a winder that raises the output end of the constant load generator is fixed to the upper part of the rod. A resistive body intrusion / rotary ground exploration device characterized by having a load device comprising:

[0008] A second aspect of the present invention is a rod having a ground penetrating resistor at its tip, a load device for applying a penetrating load to the rod, and a rotating device for applying a penetrating rotational force to the rod. In the penetrating / rotating ground exploration device, the constant load generator was attached to the pedestal placed on the ground, and the output end of the constant load generator was engaged with the pulley attached to the clamp fixed to the upper part of the rod in a crane manner. A resistor penetrating / rotating ground exploration device comprising a load device having one end of a rope fixed and connected to a rope winder having the other end fixed to a pedestal.

Further, in these devices, a third aspect of the present invention is that a plurality of constant load generators are mounted on a pedestal, and respective output terminals are simultaneously pulled up while pulling up the output terminal of any one of the constant load generators. Connected to the above-described pulling machine or connected to the above-mentioned rope winder so that the operation of starting to pull up the output end of one of the other constant load generators is repeated in order by the number of the constant load generators. The fourth aspect of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage pulley in which a plurality of reduced-diameter pulleys are coaxially integrated adjacent to each other in the order of the diameter and coaxially integrated, and provided with a cutout on the peripheral wall of the pulley between the adjacent pulleys, to generate a constant load. The input rope, one end of which is connected to the output end of the vessel, is wound around the minimum-diameter pulley of the multi-stage pulley, and further wound around the adjacent pulley through the missing portion, and is wound around the maximum-diameter pulley. And connected to the above-mentioned hoisting machine, or connected to the above-mentioned winding machine. A fifth aspect of the present invention is to connect an input rope, one end of which is connected to an output end of a constant load generator, to a fixed pin. The movable block is connected to a movable block that freely moves on an angle-free rail that is rotatable around the movable block, and is further connected to the movable block via the pulley at the tip of the angle-free rail, and the above-described pulling machine or the above-described winder. Are connected by an output rope. And at this time, when the movable block moves on the angle-free rail, in order not to change the angular relationship between the input rope and the movable block,
It is effective to sequentially engage the input rope with a plurality of free pulleys that freely move on a linear or parallel two linear track.

A sixth aspect of the present invention is a resistor having a rod having a ground penetrating resistor at the tip, a load device for applying a penetrating load to the rod, and a rotating device for applying a penetrating rotational force to the rod. In a penetrating / rotating ground exploration device, a plurality of constant load generators are mounted on a pedestal placed on the ground, a load transmission plate having a plurality of vertical through holes is fixed to a rod, and the output of each of these constant load generators The end and the vertically movable lifting tool above the load transmission plate are individually connected by hanging ropes passing through these through holes, and stopper members having a diameter larger than the through holes are fixed to each hanging rope by changing the vertical position. And a resistive intrusion / rotational ground exploration apparatus characterized by having a load device constructed as described above.

A seventh aspect of the present invention is a resistor having a rod having a ground penetrating resistor at the tip, a load device for applying a penetrating load to the rod, and a rotating device for applying a penetrating rotational force to the rod. In the penetrating / rotating ground exploration apparatus, a drive box having a rotating roller which rotates in the vertical direction in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rod is provided, and the load box according to any of the above is attached to the drive box, and At the upper end of the drive box, when the drive box ascends to the upper limit without lowering the rod even at the maximum load by the load device,
A resistor penetrating / rotating ground exploration device comprising a rotating device provided with a gear for transmitting a rotational driving force from a separately placed rotational driving device to the rod.

An eighth aspect of the present invention is a resistor having a rod having a ground penetrating resistor at its tip, a load device for applying a penetrating load to the rod, and a rotating device for applying a penetrating rotational force to the rod. In a penetrating / rotating ground exploration device, a cylindrical post having a clamp for transmitting a penetrating load from a load device to a rod is vertically mounted on a pedestal, and a rotating device for rotationally driving the cylindrical post is mounted on the pedestal. A resistor penetrating / rotating ground exploration device, which is provided inside a rotating container.

A ninth aspect of the present invention is a resistor having a rod having a ground penetrating resistor at its tip, a load device for applying a penetrating load to the rod, and a rotating device for applying a penetrating rotational force to the rod. In a penetrating / rotating ground exploration device, a plurality of pipes are nested on a pedestal placed on the ground by loosely inserting the rods into the innermost pipes, and each pipe side other than the innermost pipes A pulley is provided at each of the lower end and the upper end of the part, a clamp detachably attached to the rod is attached to the upper end of the rod, and an upper pulley is further provided at the clamp, and one end is connected to the output end of the constant load generator. Hang on the lower pulley on the pedestal, hang it on the upper pulley, hang it on the other lower pulley on the pedestal, then hang it on the rope feed pulley, and then from the outermost pipe to the inner pipe On the other hand, the rod is rotated by sequentially driving the lower end pulley of each pipe from the lower end pulley to the upper end pulley, and fixing the other end to the innermost pipe, and rotating the outermost pipe. A resistance penetrating / rotating ground exploration device characterized by having a rotating device that performs rotation.

According to the present invention, there is provided a ground exploration apparatus comprising a cylindrical container having a through hole for a rod at a center portion, which accommodates a part or all of a load device, a rotation device, a recording device and the like of the ground exploration device according to the above inventions. It is a device carrier.

The present invention described above will be described in more detail. In the first aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a clamp (4) is fixed above a rod (2) connected to a penetrating resistor (1). A rope (7) as a tension transmitting member having one end connected to a telescopic output end (6) of a coupling, which is a constant load generator (5) mounted on a pedestal (3), is connected to an upper winder (8) mounted on a clamp. ), The clamp is wound down at a set speed, so that the clamp (4) is lowered, so that the penetrating resistor penetrates into the ground. The tension transmitting member may be a rod-shaped member other than a rope, and in this case, a rod pulling machine is attached instead of the upper winder.
At this time, if the penetration resistance is smaller than the constant load of the coupling, the cable will penetrate at the rope winding speed, but if the penetration resistance is higher, the penetration speed will be slower than the winding speed. The telescopic output end starts to rise in the loaded state. If the penetration speed is further reduced, the winding speed is adjusted to a lower speed. If the penetration speed is increased, the winding is returned to the rated speed. If the penetration speed is higher than this speed, the telescopic output end is lowered. The illustrated lower winding machine (9) reduces the weight of the clamp by fixing the winding machine to the pedestal, and reduces the output of the coupling by half of the required load (tension) by using a double rope. This is the second aspect of the present invention.

The first aspect of the present invention is the simple mechanism as described above, and the rope can be penetrated while maintaining the set upper limit load only by appropriately adjusting the winding speed of the rope manually. If the telescopic output end is not movable, there are problems such as a sharp decrease in the penetration resistance when rotating and a sudden increase in the penetration resistance due to the rotation stop, which causes the device to vibrate. To control, an advanced electronic control unit is required.

A third aspect of the present invention is that a plurality of couplings are used in parallel to enable step loading as shown in FIG. The one shown in the figure is a case of three-stage loading, and a coupling for generating a set minimum running load Pl (11).
The rope (7) is wound by a winder (8) attached to a clamp (4) through a load connector (12) connected to the telescopic output end, thereby penetrating the penetration resistor. When the penetration resistance exceeds Pl, the load connector (12) starts to rise.

To generate the next constant load P2, P2-
Pl = △ P2 constant load generator (10) for coupling リ ン グ P
When the node rises beyond the margin L1 of the two connecting ropes (13), the constant load P2 acts on the rope (7) as tension. Further, when the penetration resistance becomes larger than P2, the load connector starts to rise above L1. Similarly, for the next constant load P3, when the load connector rises beyond the margin length 2 × L1 of the ΔP3 connecting wire (14) for the constant load coupling (5) of the ΔP3, the constant load P3 is tensioned to the rope (7). Will work as Then, when the penetration resistance decreases, the above process is reversed, and the load is automatically changed to the step load corresponding to the penetration resistance. Control can be performed reliably.

By using this mechanism, if the coupling is arranged in a specified number of load stages and the load generation and transmission mechanism can be rotated as a whole, a step load penetration test and a rotation penetration when the maximum load is not applied, JI to use together
It is possible to provide an SA1221 specification device with a mechanism that is easy for a field measurer to understand.

The fourth aspect of the present invention is a "reduced pulley type", as shown in FIG. 3, a pulley having a minimum diameter (15) and several pulleys having a diameter larger than the pulley (15). 16, 1
7, 18) are coaxially joined to the minimum-diameter pulley and joined in order of decreasing diameter, and an input rope (20) from a coupling (not shown) is wound around a pulley having a larger diameter from the minimum-diameter pulley. By taking out the end as an output rope (21) and connecting it to the upper winder (8) or the lower winder (9) in FIGS. 1 and 2, a stepwise constant load can be automatically generated. .

Assuming that the input load (coupling tension) P4 and the diameter of the minimum diameter pulley, which is the input pulley, is D4, the output rope (2) drawn from the pulley (18) having the maximum diameter Dl.
The tension of 1) is set minimum constant load Pl = (D4 / Dl) × P
It becomes 4. By winding the rope on a clamp (not shown) in this tension state, the pulley can be inserted without rotating the pulley. When the penetration resistance is higher, the pulley rotates and when the rotation angle reaches the set rotation angle, the rope is automatically changed over to the adjacent small-diameter pulley by the moving defect (19) between the pulleys, so that the next set load is obtained. P2
= (D4 / D2) × P4> Pl. The maximum load is equal to the input load.

By reversing the order of arranging the input and output pulleys, it is possible to output a large tension with a small constant load coupling. This mechanism is the simplest and lighter, but has the disadvantage that the transition time for stepwise load switching and the winding length of the rope are longer than those of other mechanisms.

A fifth aspect of the present invention is a "scalar / vector conversion type". In a method of transmitting a load by winding an input rope connected to a coupling on a pulley, the input rope and the output rope are adjusted in the direction (angle). Regardless of the rope, the same tension is applied, but if this is output through a movable block whose moving direction is determined by rails or the like, a constant load can be generated within the maximum output regardless of the extension length of the rope, By changing the angle between the direction of the input rope and the rail on the output side, a step load can be output. That is, if the input side rope and the output side rail are made orthogonal, the output value will be zero, and if they are arranged on a straight line, the output will be the same as that of the coupling, which is the constant load source. Any load up to can be output.

In order for this principle to operate with high accuracy, as shown in FIG. 4, if the coupling, which is a constant load generator (22), is not far enough from the movable block (26), an input connecting the movable block and the coupling is required. Since the angle of the rope (23) changes from AB to AC as shown by a dotted line, it cannot be put to practical use. In order to solve the above problem, a plurality of free pulleys (29) are provided between the coupling and the movable block so as to be able to move in parallel on two parallel rails (30), and the input ropes are sequentially engaged with the pulleys. The output value can be set to an arbitrary value smaller than the input value by changing the angle of the output-side free-angle rail (25) with the fixed pin (24) as a fulcrum. The output rope (28) is attached to the free end pulley (2
7), there is no change in tension due to the angle at which the output rope (28) is pulled out. Also,
The maximum amount of movement of the rope in a constant load state is the effective length of the angle-adjustable rail (25). This mechanism has the advantage that any load stage can be easily set.On the other hand, the angle of the angle adjustable rail needs to be changed artificially to set a constant load. There is a disadvantage that cannot be switched to.

In a sixth aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, a state immediately before the start of the penetration test is that a suspension rope (33) connected to a telescopic output end of a plurality of constant load generator couplings (5) transmits a load. It is fixed to the suspender (31) through the through hole (36) of the plate (34). The suspension rope (33) is provided with a load frame (35) such that the distance between the suspension tool (31) and the load transmitting plate (34) is equal to or greater than the penetration test depth for one stroke.
The hanging tool (31) is provided by a hanging pulley (31a) installed in the vehicle.
From the load transmitting plate (4). Each suspension rope (33) has a stopper member (32) that can transmit the rope load to the load transmission plate (4) when it comes into contact with the through hole (36) of the load transmission plate (34). In the rope connected to the generator, the load transmitting plate and the hanging device are fixed to the lowermost portion so that the load transmitting plate and the suspending member are in contact with the through holes of the load transmitting plate at the first position. The rope connected to the constant load generator that operates in the final load stage fixes the stopper member at a position where the load transmission is performed with the load transmitting plate and the suspender being closest to each other. The stopper members fixed to the intermediate load transmitting rope are fixed at equal intervals.

In this case, in the penetration test, the hanging member is lowered at a constant speed so that the stopper member fixed to the lowermost end and the through-hole of the load transmitting plate come into contact with each other, and the first constant load acts to penetrate. When the lifting speed of the lifting device is higher than the penetration speed, the distance between the lifting device and the load transmitting plate is reduced, and a second constant load is applied. When the penetration resistance further increases, the third and fourth loads act on the mechanism. When the penetration resistance becomes smaller than the applied load, the penetration speed becomes larger than the descending speed of the lifting device, and the applied load stage is automatically reduced.

All of the constant load output devices shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 use a constant load spring as a load source. However, a passive constant output device which outputs a constant load only when a tension is applied to an output end portion. Any other method may be used as long as the output value does not change even if the output end moves, according to the load generation method (the output source does not actively work). For example, there is a constant pressure fluid cylinder / piston by a release valve, a pulling force of a weight, and the like.

Next, the following three types of penetrating devices were devised in order to reduce the weight and workability of the conventional device. Conventional penetration devices are roughly divided into two as shown in FIGS. The penetrating head (38), which incorporates a clamp for transmitting a load to the rod and a torque transmitting device, etc., has a support (3).
7) A column / cantilever type that moves up and down as a reaction force (Fig. 6)
And a portal type (FIG. 7) supported by a plurality of columns. In the column / cantilever type, in addition to the penetration and pull-out force of the rod (2), the bending moment generated due to the mismatch between the axis of the column and the load point acting on the rod, and the reaction force of the rotating force acting on the rod are applied to the column. Will work. In the gate type, a bending moment due to a deviation of the axis can be prevented, but the reaction force of the rotational force cannot be offset. As described above, the column / cantilever type and the gate type have a problem that a large rigidity is required to resist torsion, and therefore the weight is increased.

Therefore, in the eighth aspect of the present invention, when the resistance of the ground increases, a large torque is applied to the rod in a state where the maximum load is applied. Therefore, a lightweight system is used with a rigid body mechanism having a large torsional resistance. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 8, the simplest method is a “single tube method” in which a circular or polygonal pipe is used as a cylindrical support (40), and a built-in clamp (39) slides up and down therein. It is lightweight. At this time, the vertical movement of the clamp can be operated by winding a wire around pulleys (41, 43) installed above and below the support. When a rotational force is applied to the rod (2), all of the penetrating mechanisms including the rotary container (42) incorporating devices for penetrating / withdrawing, rotating, etc. are mounted on the pedestal (4).
4) is rotated as a reaction force. Although this method has many advantages, it is disadvantageous in that there are cases where it is difficult to take measures when a clamp opening / closing trouble occurs.

Next, a ninth embodiment of the present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks and improves the workability. FIGS. 9 (showing a state in which the column is extended to the maximum height) and FIGS. Indicates)
As shown in FIG. 3, telescopic circular or polygonal pipes are nested to support columns (46a) to (46d).
"Telescopic type telescopic strut". In the figure, the upper mounting clamp (45) is located at the upper end of the innermost support (46d), and when pulling out the rod (2), the clamp is pushed up while being placed on the upper part of the telescopic support. At the time of the penetration test, the expansion and contraction of the column is penetrated by a penetrating load transmitting mechanism as shown in FIG. 10, and the rotation of the rod transmits the torque to the clamp by the rotation of the column. This method is heavier and more complicated than the single-tube method described above, but the clamp is always at the top of the column,
Work such as adding rods does not hinder the work, so workability is good.

The penetrating load transmitting mechanism will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 (a) shows a state at the time of operation, and FIG. 10 (b) shows a telescope pipe support (46a) to (46).
d) The four wires are separated so that the transmission of the load can be recognized (as viewed from the arrow in FIG. 10A).
At the upper end of the innermost support (46d), there is a rope stopper (71) for fixing the support vertical movement rope (70),
At the lower part, there is a lower end pulley (72d) for vertically moving the pipe around which a rope is wound. The rope is wrapped around an upper end pulley (73c) for vertically moving a pipe, which is installed obliquely so as to straddle the inside and outside of the column above the next outer column (46c), and in turn, the lower end of the outermost column (46a). The rope is passed to the pulley (72a), and the rope is further wrapped in multiple windings and pulled out at a predetermined speed (drawing / pulling).
5) through the inside of the innermost pipe (46d), pass through the upper clamp (45), wind around the upper end pulley (47) for penetrating force, and finally connect to the step load generator (76) Is done. Rotate the rope feed pulley (74) of the rope feeder and pull in the rope of the pipe column, the column will extend and reach the highest position. Conversely, the rope will be loosened on the clamp side, so the step load generator will return to zero load and rise The mounting clamp (45), the pull-in pulley (47), and the torque transmission pipe (48) joined thereto are lifted by the columns. In this state, the rod (2) is tightened to the clamp, and the rope feed pulley (74) is rotated in the reverse direction to reduce the height of the support at a predetermined speed, so that tension is generated in the rope wound around the pull-in pulley (47) and penetrates. The test starts. When the penetration resistance increases in a certain constant load penetration state, the upper end of the innermost pipe support (46d) separates from the clamp, and when the set interval is reached, the next load stage is started. Even at the maximum load, when the penetrating speed decreases, the interval increases, but the rotation torque is transmitted to the rod by the torque transmission pipe (48) integrated with the clamp, so that the innermost pipe support (46d) is used. The torque transmission pipe is free to thrust and transmits only rotational force.

Next, a seventh aspect of the present invention is that, as shown in FIG. 11, the mechanism is more complicated than the eighth and ninth aspects, but the workability is improved, and the rod is not suspended without stopping the search. There are advantages such as speeding up because connection is possible. A drive roller (49) for rotating the rotating roller (49), which makes the rod (2) penetrate / pull out closely on both sides of the rod, and which penetrates / pulls and rotates the rod by friction between the roller and the rod. When the load device (P) is connected and the rotating roller is rotated inward with respect to the rod, the drive box rises with the rod as a reaction force and generates a penetrating tension in the constant load generating device. It is a mechanism that slides upward. If the drive unit does not penetrate even if the set upper limit load is reached, the output gear (51) set on the upper surface of the connecting device when the telescopic output end (6) of the load device extends and the drive box (50) reaches the highest position. Gear (52) for transmitting torque to the rod and rod
Are engaged. When the penetration resistance decreases, the drive box moves down.
It is possible only by manually adjusting the rotation speed of the motor. Instead of the rotating roller, a roller that transmits a rotating force to the rod by a caterpillar mechanism may be used.

Next, in order to make the transportation of the equipment and the movement of the equipment during the on-site work more convenient and labor-saving, as shown in FIG. We devised a carrier that contained the device in a "wheel / cylindrical container" that did not need to be cleaned. In this case, a constant load generator, a speed reducer, a wire winder for a penetrating load, a rod rotating device, a coupling device, etc. were set in a rigid cylindrical container (77) having a through hole for a rod in the center. One or several containers with lids, the outer periphery of which was protected by a buffer sheet to reduce the impact during transport. In addition, a handle (78) may be attached to the through hole for the rod of the container / wheel to facilitate pulling, and a self-propelled unicycle may be provided by using power for a penetration test for further convenience. As a result, the moving labor can be greatly reduced.

In a relatively simple resistor penetration / rotational ground exploration represented by JIS A1221 Swedish sounding, etc., there were the following two major problems, all of which were effectively solved by the present invention. The first problem is that the investigation site differs from the site conditions originally recognized by the investigation site, and the investigation cannot be performed because there is no other way than to carry in the equipment through an unexpected narrow alley. On the other hand, according to the present invention, since the weight of the device can be reduced to a fraction of that of the conventional type and can be reduced to a package of 20 to 25 kg or less, and the device can be built into the alley having a width of about 0.6 m. Because the cylindrical container can be rolled and moved, it is now possible to investigate where workers can enter. Furthermore, since a packageless unit can be provided, there is an effect that the product can be transported by a courier service or the like and work can be performed immediately upon arrival at the site.

The second problem is a case where it is impossible to investigate due to a failure of the device, particularly a failure of the electronic equipment, which makes it difficult to take emergency measures on site. According to the present invention, the penetrating mechanism is made simple mechanical mechanism without relying on the electronic control, so that the measurer can easily repair by simply bringing spare parts which are easily damaged. The above two points are the biggest advantages,
In addition, labor saving is extremely high compared to the JIS method.
What used to be done by three people can now be done by one person with light work. In terms of labor saving, it is at the same level as high-tech equipment mounted on caterpillar vehicles.

[0036]

An embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. The present embodiment is a ground prospecting apparatus practically based on the Swedish sounding test of JIS A1221 and has a stepwise load of 15 kgf, 25 kgf, 50 kgf, and 75 kg.
f, 100 Kgf, and when not penetrated by the maximum load, it is a system that rotates and penetrates, and is lightweight and simple enough to cope with an emergency investigation at the time of a disaster such as an earthquake. The basic mechanism is the one in which the load generating mechanism shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 6 is mounted on the simplest single-tube type penetrating input transmission device shown in FIG.

FIG. 13 shows an overall side view of the apparatus.
□ A constant load generator, such as a coupling, is attached to the four sides of the pipe support (53). A rod (2) with a penetrating resistor (1) attached to the tip is connected to the pipe support. Was installed internally via a roller (not shown). Further, the rod (2) has a wedge-ball type mass 1 which is held at the upper end portion when a pushing load is applied and opened when pulled up.
A 5 kg clamp (4) was fitted. The pipe support equipped with the step load generator is a wheel-shaped rolling base (reaction box) set at the exploration point (4).
4) Insert the support into the rotating container (42) therein, insert the reaction force key (55) and integrate
In order to take in the Kgf indentation load and the torque load of rotational penetration, set a reaction force beam (not shown) on the reaction force box. It can be put on and tested.

At the top of the pipe support, a 10 kgf # 1 coupling (56) for generating a load of 25 kgf,
25Kgf # 2 Coupling (57) for generating 50Kgf load, 25Kgf for generating 75Kgf load
# 3 Coupling (58), 100Kgf not shown
A 25 kgf # 4 coupling for generating a load is fixed. In the state shown in the figure, the 15 Kg, 10 Kgf # 1 coupling (56) and 25 Kgf # 2 coupling (57) of the clamp (4) are operating, and the 25 Kgf # 3 and #
Coupling 4 (not shown) is not operating (the connecting rope is not tensioned), so the total penetration load is 50
Kgf. If the penetration resistance is increased, all the connecting ropes are tensioned, and a maximum load of 100 kgf is applied. If the penetration resistance further increases, the penetration stops. Therefore, the detachable motor (54) is set to introduce the rotation and penetrate.

FIG. 14 (a) shows the inside of the pipe support (53), which is a state before the start of the penetration test, with the clamp connected to the rod (2) positioned at the top. Two resultant force transmission ropes (68) descend from below the clamp, and two resultant force transmission pulleys (69) extending in and out of the pipe support.
The penetrating tension is transmitted via. FIG.
3 is a developed view of the load generating device portion on the outer peripheral surface, showing a state in which the coupling is maximally extended (the clamp is at the highest position). In the procedure, when the penetrating resistor penetrates with a clamp load of 15 kgf, it is left until the penetration is stopped. When the penetration is stopped, the ascending speed of the upper load connector (62) is determined by the total tension of the coupling by using a not-shown speed control rope, a pulley and a disc brake, and a constant-speed coupling pull-back device from the upper load connector (62). Set speed (1cm
/ Sec ± 20%) while the penetration resistance is smaller than 25 kgf, the lower load connector (67) is connected with the connecting rope (64) connected to the 10kgf # 1 coupling (56) under tension. Rises at the set speed, the Y ends of the two resultant force transmission ropes (68) also rise. As a result, the continuous X end also rises,
The penetration force is transmitted to the clamp via the resultant transmission pulley (69). When the penetration force is greater than 25 kgf, the penetration speed becomes slower, the 10 kgf # 1 spring (59) extends and separates from the spring stopper (63), the distance L between the upper and lower load connectors is separated by the speed difference, and eventually L + △ L. 25Kgf # 2 connecting rope (65) is tensioned and the load is 2
Within 5 + 25 Kgf, the load generating system rises at the set speed while maintaining L + △ L, the clamp descends by the same amount, and the resistor penetrates into the ground. When the penetration resistance increases, the load automatically increases sequentially in the same state. Conversely, when the ground becomes soft, the penetration speed increases, so that L + x
ΔL is reduced and the load step automatically shifts to the smaller one. When the predetermined stroke has penetrated, the upper load connector (62) will stop below the upper coupling.

In preparation for the next penetration, the lower load connector and the connecting rope are cut off, the spring is removed from the stopper, the upper and lower load connectors are lowered to a predetermined position, and the lower load connector is fixed to the □ pipe support with a stopper (not shown). Each coupling is pulled down to the connector position and applied to the stopper before joining the connecting rope to the lower load connector. The above coupling change can be easily done with an electric motor, but this time it was made manual because it could be used during a disaster investigation. In addition, this load generation method ensures that no energy is consumed to generate a load when applying a rotational torque, and that only worst-case rotational loads that cause heavy labor are electrically driven, and that other work is performed so that it is not burdensome even manually. Was to do. In addition, in terms of controlling the penetration speed = the pulling-back speed of the coupling by adjusting the disc brake, quick and manual handling is required during rotation work, but it can be easily handled by using a centrifugal brake via planet gears. I understand.

[0041]

As described above, according to the present invention, the resistance penetrating / rotary ground surveying device can be sufficiently transported and tested as long as an operator can pass through it. It can automatically perform staged loading automatically, and has remarkable effects in terms of on-site work, cost, and maintenance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a penetration tester using one constant load generator.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a penetration tester that automatically generates a stepwise load using a plurality of constant load generators.

3A and 3B show coaxial multi-stage pulleys having different diameters for automatically obtaining a stepwise load, wherein FIG. 3A is a side view and FIG. 3B is a front view.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an apparatus including a freely movable rail and a movable block for automatically obtaining a stepwise load.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing another penetration tester that automatically generates a stepwise load using a plurality of constant load generators.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a column / cantilever type in a conventional penetration tester.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a portal type of a conventional penetration tester.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a single pipe penetration tester of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a telescopic column / telescope type penetration tester of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a force transmission system of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a penetration tester provided with a stepwise load device comprising a load device of the present invention and a drive box.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a ground surveying device carrier of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a side view showing one embodiment of the present invention.

14 (a) is an internal side view of the apparatus of FIG. 11, (b)
Is a development view of the outer peripheral portion.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Penetration resistor 2 Rod 3 Pedestal 4 Clamp 5,10,11 Constant load generator 6 Telescopic output end 7 Rope 8 Upper winding machine 12 Load connector 19 Deletion 20,23 Input rope 21,28 Output rope 25 Angle freely Rail 26 Movable block 29 Free pulley 32 Stopper member 34 Load transmission plate 36 Through hole 37 Support post 38 Penetrating head 39 Built-in clamp 40 Cylindrical support 42 Rotating container 46a to 46d Telescope pipe support 49 Rotating roller 50 Drive box 51 Output gear 52 Input gear 54 Detachable motor 55 Reaction key 56, 57, 58 Coupling 59, 60, 61 Spring 62 Upper load connector 63 Banestopper 64, 65, 66 Connecting rope 67 Lower load connector 70 Support vertical movement rope 74 Rope feed pulley Over 76 stage load generator

Claims (11)

[Claims] A rod having a ground penetrating resistor at a tip thereof;
In a resistor penetrating / rotating ground exploration device including a load device for applying a penetrating load to the rod and a rotating device for applying a penetrating rotational force to the rod, a constant load generator is mounted on a pedestal mounted on the ground. A resistance penetrating / rotating ground exploration device, comprising a load device having a clamp attached with a pulling machine or a winder for raising an output end of the constant load generator, which is fixed to an upper portion of the rod. 2. A rod having a ground penetrating resistor at its tip,
In a resistor penetrating / rotating ground exploration device including a load device for applying a penetrating load to the rod and a rotating device for applying a penetrating rotational force to the rod, a constant load generator is mounted on a pedestal mounted on the ground. To the output end of the constant load generator, one end of a rope which is slidably engaged with a pulley attached to a clamp fixed to the upper part of the rod, and the other end of the rope is fixed to a pedestal. A resistive intrusion / rotational ground exploration device having a load device connected thereto. 3. A plurality of constant load generators are mounted on a pedestal, and their output terminals are simultaneously pulled up while pulling up the output terminal of one of the constant load generators. 3. A resistor penetrating / rotating ground connected to the pulling machine according to claim 1, or connected to the rope winder according to claim 2, so that the operation of starting to pull up the output end of the ground is repeated by the number of the constant load generators in order. Exploration equipment. 4. A pulley having a plurality of reduced-diameter pulleys adjacent to each other in the order of diameter and coaxially integrated with each other, and a plurality of pulleys having a cutout formed in a peripheral wall of the pulley between the adjacent pulleys is provided, and provided at an output end of the constant load generator. 2. The pull-up as claimed in claim 1, wherein the input rope having one end connected thereto is repeatedly wound around a minimum-diameter pulley of the plurality of pulleys, and further wound around an adjacent pulley through a missing portion thereof, and wound around a maximum-diameter pulley and pulled out. 3. A resistance penetrating / rotating ground exploration device connected to a winder or a winder according to claim 2. 5. An input rope, one end of which is connected to an output end of a constant load generator, is connected to a movable block which freely moves on an angle-free rail rotatable around a fixing pin, and further comprises the angle-free rail. 3. A resistance-penetrating / rotating ground exploration device, wherein the movable block and the pulling machine according to claim 1 or the winding machine according to claim 2 are connected by an output rope via a pulley at a tip end. . 6. When the movable block moves on an angle-adjustable rail, the input rope is connected to a straight or parallel line so as not to change the angular relationship between the input rope and the movable block.
6. The resistance penetrating / rotating ground exploration apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the pulley is engaged with a plurality of free pulleys which freely move on a linear track. 7. A rod having a ground penetrating resistor at its tip,
In a resistance penetrating / rotating ground exploration device including a load device for applying a penetrating load to the rod and a rotating device for applying a penetrating rotational force to the rod, a plurality of constant load generators are mounted on a pedestal mounted on the ground. And a load transmission plate having a plurality of vertical through holes is fixed to a rod, and each output end of these constant load generators and a vertically movable lifting device above the load transmission plate individually pass through these through holes. A resistance penetrating / rotating ground exploration device comprising a load device which is connected by a suspension rope and has a stopper member having a diameter larger than a through hole fixed to each suspension rope by changing its vertical position. 8. A rod having a ground penetrating resistor at its tip,
In a resistance penetrating / rotating ground exploration device having a load device for applying a penetrating load to the rod and a rotating device for applying a penetrating rotational force to the rod, a rotation that rotates in the vertical direction in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rod. A drive box having rollers therein is provided, and the load device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is attached to the drive box. Further, at the upper end of the drive box, the rod does not descend even under the maximum load by the load device. A rotating device having a gear for transmitting a rotational driving force from a separately installed rotational driving device to the rod when the driving box is moved up to the ascending limit. Ground exploration equipment. 9. A rod having a ground penetrating resistor at its tip,
A load device for applying a penetrating load to the rod, and a resistor penetrating / rotating ground exploration device having a rotating device for applying a penetrating rotational force to the rod, a clamp for transmitting a penetrating load from the load device to the rod. A resistance penetrating / rotating ground exploration device, characterized in that a cylindrical support movably mounted inside is mounted on a pedestal, and a rotating device for rotating the cylindrical support is installed in a rotary container in the pedestal. 10. A resistance penetrating / rotating ground exploration comprising a rod having a ground penetrating resistor at the tip, a load device for applying a penetrating load to the rod, and a rotating device for applying a penetrating rotational force to the rod. In the device, a plurality of pipes are nested on a pedestal placed on the ground by loosely inserting the rod into the innermost pipe, and the lower and upper ends of the side faces of each pipe other than the innermost pipe Each part has a pulley, a rod that can be attached to and detached from the rod is attached to the upper end of the rod, and an upper pulley is further provided on the clamp, and a rope with one end connected to the output end of the constant load generator is connected to the lower pulley on the base. To the lower pulley on the pedestal, then to the rope feed pulley, then to the innermost pipe from the outermost pipe. A load device that continuously connects the lower end pulley from the lower end pulley to the upper end pulley and fixes the other end to the innermost pipe, and a rotating device that rotates the rod by rotating and driving the outermost pipe. A resistance-penetrating / rotating ground exploration device characterized by having: 11. A part or all of a load device, a rotation device, a recording device, and the like of a ground exploration device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, in a cylindrical container having a through hole for a rod in a center portion. A ground exploration device carrier that is stored.