JP2001016932A - Growing of long seedling and reversing transplanter of long seedling - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide methods for growing and transplanting a long seedling, capable of being practiced by a farmer. SOLUTION: A biodegradable reinforcing sheet, cover or the like to be penetrated by roots of seedlings is laid on the bottom surface, front surface or both surfaces of a nursery substrate, and seeds are seeded. The reinforcing sheet or the like is rolled after germination and greening to provide a cylindrical shape, and the surface of the rolled product is fixedly packed with remaining terminal part or the like of the reinforcing sheet or the like. The packed material is transported, and extended on a long footing plate or the like, by unrolling. The extended material is subjected to the raising of the seedlings by forming a tunnel or the like and greening and hardening the seedlings. In another aspect, the seeds are previously seeded on a dried and bendable nursery substrate, and the seeded substrate is rolled into a cylindrical shape, dipped as it is, and subjected to the raising of the seedlings by using a nursery cabinet or the like. The resultant substrate is rolled and extended. The obtained raised seedlings are cut to an adequate length and loaded on a reversing transplanter of the long seedling, carrying a reversing roller, a perforated parallel frame having many freely rotatable parallel rollers, and a gravity gear, and the seedlings are transplanted by raking off the seedlings by a transplanting tine.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for growing long seedlings and a long seedling reversing rice transplanter.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Rolled rice seedlings in a state in which a long paddy rice mat seedling is rolled out are continuously fed out from the outer peripheral side thereof,
For a rice transplanter that raises seedlings that have fallen in the extension direction with an erecting rod, picks one plant at a time, and plants it in a field, see
34605.

[0003] A rice transplanter equipped with a similar roll seedling mat and provided with a falling seedling raising roller on the lower back surface of a vertical transport belt is disclosed in JP-A-11-18530.

A rice transplanter in which a paddy rice roll seedling is supplied to the planting device in a state where the leaves have fallen in a direction away from the planting locus of the planting device (in a direction opposite to that of the section 0002) is disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei.
84516 is disclosed. The patent also discloses a method of winding a rice seedling roll by connecting a rotating brush with an endless belt so as to rotate integrally with the roll seedling holder so as to rotate integrally with the roll seedling holder, and rolling the seedling leaf toward the roll seedling holder. Have been. Also disclosed is a method of growing a long mat seedling (long-length rice seedling) by sowing seeds on a seedling base material such as a nonwoven fabric using a circulation type hydroponic seedling gutter.

[0005] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-182535 discloses a long hydroponic culture bed with water supply from the bottom and a nonwoven fabric or other root-binding mat as a seedling raising base material inside the bed.
A method for raising a long mat (roll) seedling to be mounted on a rice transplanter is disclosed.

Further, as a factory-like seedling raising facility, a 6 m-long dish-shaped hydroponic bed is transported one after another by a machine, and the seedling raising process such as laying of a nonwoven seedling base material, sowing, and circulating a culture solution is fully automated. Long seedling mats (long mats) depending on the facility
JP-A-9-308321 discloses a method of continuously growing, winding, storing and transporting a long seedling mat roll mounted on a rice transplanter according to the above item 0004.

[0007] Regarding the winding of the long mat seedling to be mounted on the rice transplanter according to the above item 0004, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-3083
12, JP-A-9-308314, JP-A-10-6640
7, JP-A-10-276523 is disclosed. Each of these is a complicated mechanical method in which an endless belt driven by a motor is used, and the leaf is turned to a take-up roll, and the rice seedling is rolled down.

[0008]

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Conventional seedling raising and winding techniques for long seedlings (also known as long mat seedlings, long seedling mats, long seedling mats, roll seedling mats, etc.) use power as described above. It was due to the expensive facilities of a nursery factory,
It is difficult for farmers to introduce. In particular, a long hydroponic bed occupies a large area in an expensive house or greenhouse for about 25 days from sowing to completion of a seedling. Since the nonwoven fabric of the base material is stretched during the winding and transporting on the way, it cannot be moved until the seedling completion winding in which the root mat is densely formed on the back surface of the nonwoven seedling raising substrate and the root mat is completed. The only way to move it is to transport it with mechanical force along with the hydroponic cultivation bed as in JP-A-9-308321.

[0009] In box raising seedlings using conventional cultivation, germination occurs in a seedling incubator or a germination room, and thereafter, the germinated box seedlings are transported and raised in tunnels of individual farmers and in one corner of a cultivation house. For this reason, in the case of germination seedling distribution at the joint nursery facility,
Seed disinfection, seed immersion, germination, sowing,
The investment amount is small because the investment in machinery such as soil filling and irrigation and the equipment for the sprouting room are sufficient. In the case of hardened seedling distribution that can be planted sooner, nursery boxes must be arranged side by side, so a large house and greenhouse are required, and the investment amount is huge. Moreover, after the nursery is over, this vast nursery-only house and greenhouse play. Due to the hardening of rice seedlings, one box weighs about 5-6.
The task of transporting a nursery box weighing kilograms through narrow passages in houses and greenhouses and laying them flat and tight without gaps is extremely difficult. For this reason, huge self-propelled machines, such as nursery box alignment machines, have been developed.

[0010] The seedlings are tilted in the opposite direction to the winding direction, so that the seedlings do not rise,
The operation of winding the long seedling requires skill. In addition, it is reported that the knocked-down seedlings are easily damaged when scraped by the transplanting nails of the rice transplanter. In the case of a hydroponic long seedling using a nonwoven fabric as a seedling-growing base material, it is reported that the damaged seedlings account for 30 to 40%. In order to make full use of the labor-saving seedling and labor-saving transplantation characteristics of long seedlings, it is necessary to develop a simple and easy-to-manage seedling raising method, a transportation method, and a rice transplanting method, that is, a rice transplanting machine.

[0011]

Means for Solving the Problems In raising seedlings, a long seedling raising plate having a continuous groove on the surface of the bottom plate and having a length of about 1.9 times the length of a rice transplanter seedling mounting stand is used. The roots are continuously rooted in the space of the groove to connect the seedling growing substrates. Commercially available seedling base materials such as rock wool and open-cell urea resin with good water retention molded into a seedling box size and the like are continuously arranged, and a biodegradable nonwoven fabric or cloth through which the roots of seedlings penetrate the bottom or surface.・
A long reinforcing material such as a sheet or film is laid, and the seeds are sown and grown. If necessary, lay a long film (trade name cutting sheet) on the bottom surface of the heat-treated polystyrene nonwoven fabric or the like that does not stretch and does not penetrate the root.

[0012] The covering soil is not used as much as possible because it falls off during winding and adheres to the bottom surface of the seedling raising base material. However, sowing and watering about 1 kg of the conventional culture soil per 1 m of the 60 cm width seedling raising base material is used. If the soil is covered with soil, the soil is less likely to fall off and adhere, the subsequent need for irrigation with liquid fertilizer is not required, and the number of times of irrigation is reduced, which can save labor. In a seedling raising device, a long seedling raising plate is inserted from the lateral side of the seedling raising box, instead of the front side for taking in and out of a normal seedling raising box, and the seedling is raised. Thus, a long seedling plate having a length equal to the full length of the seedling raising device can be inserted. Seed paddy is directly sown on the surface of the seedling raising substrate using a seeding machine in a seedling raising box using a conventional cultivation soil, and budding is carried out in order to prevent the root from rising. Also, if thin cotton is laid on the entire surface of the seedling seedling and sown on it, the fluff of the paddy is not entangled with the fluff, and the seedlings can be sprouted without root rising and can be greened as it is. The long reinforcing material is penetrated by elongation of seed roots and the like by budding, and the seedling raising base material and the long reinforcing material are joined together by roots to form a continuous strong seedling mat. Next, the continuous seedling mat is taken up as it is, transported as a cylindrical shape, rolled and unrolled in a tunnel of a farmhouse, a cultivation house, or a cultivation greenhouse to perform greening and hardening. Seedling mat buds are small and flexible before and after the sheath / leaf separation stage and are not damaged at all.

[0013] When substitute materials for raising seedlings such as kinocross and rice hull mat are used as a base material for raising seedlings having high root penetration resistance as described later, the sheath root roots are sufficiently developed and greening penetrates the seedling raising base material. Rewind after the period. Because it is continuously extruded, a flexible and long seedling raising substrate can be made.
When using as a seedling raising substrate a seedling cultivation substitute material such as a wood pulp and a synthetic resin such as polyethylene, a product name of kinocross, a rice husk mat mixed and heat-treated with crushed rice hulls and a urethane resin, the reinforcing material may be omitted. .

[0014] A reversing roller is provided at the upper end of the seedling rest of the rice transplanter.
The seedlings are fed and planted after being turned upside down. Thereby, a long seedling having a length of about 1.9 times the length of the seedling mounting stand can be mounted without operations such as pushing down and winding. This is about 190 cm with a normal four-row riding rice transplanter, which is about 3.3 boxes of nursery boxes. In a walking rice transplanter, it is about 90 cm and corresponds to about 1.5 boxes of nursery boxes. The method of transporting and mounting the spare seedlings during the loading is performed by lightly rounding the seedling mat, and passing the seedlings under the reversing roller.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a method for growing long seedlings.

FIG. 1 shows a state at the end of budding. Long-grown seedling board 1 with a long edge that matches the width of the conventional seedling box
The biodegradable non-woven fabric that the seedling roots penetrate
Lay a long reinforcing material 2 such as cloth, sheet, or film.

On top of that, the edges of the seedling cultivation soil substitute material 3 that is lightweight and does not bend when dry, such as a rock wool sheet or an open-cell urea resin sheet, are arranged side by side. If necessary, a thin cotton 4 is laid to prevent root rising and to induce aeration, etc., watered, and seeds 5 are sown. Seedling board 1 with long edge
A plurality of continuous grooves 8 are engraved on the surface of the bottom plate. If necessary, if a cover 7 such as a polystyrene non-woven fabric sheet or a polyethylene film or the like which does not penetrate rice sprouts penetrates, a drying at the time of budding can be prevented. The edge 6 of the short side of the seedling substitute cultivation substitute material 3 which does not bend when dried is shaved diagonally, and when the shaved surfaces are overlapped and connected, the connecting surfaces are connected to each other by elongation of the roots of the seedlings. The cover 7
At one end of the end, a sufficient margin is allowed to protrude in advance from the seedling cultivation soil substitute material 3 or the like.

In the case where the above-mentioned flexible resin-mixed wood pulp sheet (trade name: Kinocross) or a polyester resin-mixed heat treated rice hull mat, etc. is used as a seedling raising substrate instead of the seedling cultivation soil substitute forming material 3 which does not bend when dried. Is spread and sowed without cutting, so there is no need to sharpen the edge of the short side. In this case, the seeds 5 are sown in a dry state without watering, covered with a cover 7 through which rice sprouts do not penetrate, and wound and stored in a cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. It is also possible to raise seedlings after soaking. If the edge of the cover 7 through which the rice sprouts do not penetrate and the edge of the seedling cultivation substitute material 3 are bonded with a water-soluble adhesive such as polyvinyl alcohol, the seeds 5 will not spill even during movement.

The seedling can also be raised by placing the seeded and immersed cylinder 9 in an electrothermal steam-raising device and nursery room used for conventional cultivation seedling raising.

In this case, when the seed 5 emerges and emerges,
The cover 7 and the like separate the layers of the seedling base material wound and wound, and are firmly pressed down.
It does not penetrate into the bottom surface of the seedling raising base material such as the seedling cultivation soil substitute material 3 with overlapping roots, and does not rise. Further, if the cylinder 9 is rotated, the geotropism of the roots and the anti-geotropic nature of the buds are released, the elongation trouble of the roots and the buds can be prevented, and the emergence becomes uniform.

After the germination, the cylinder 9 is taken out of the seedling incubator or the like as it is, and a commercially available long scaffold plate made of steel or aluminum or a cylinder 9 that has germinated on a long film is wound and loosened to elongate the long seedling. Unfold and cultivate seedlings in a thermal tunnel. Precautions for greening and hardening, irrigation, heat retention, etc. are the same as the conventional seedling raising method. When the cover 7 is covered and wound around the cylinder 9,
The cover 7 serves as a light shielding sheet / film for greening.

When the seedling raising is completed, the mat is cut off from the back side in accordance with the length of the seedling rest of the rice transplanter, and the mat is transported in a round manner (the grown seedlings are not cut off from the back side and hurt).

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a seedling rest of the long seedling inverted rice transplanter of the present invention. A reversing roller 10 is provided at the upper end of the seedling rest of the rice transplanter of the riding four-row rice transplanter shown in FIG. 4 so as to be rotatable in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the seedling. Flip it inside inside and mount it,
Perform seedling feed planting.

A weight gear 14 is placed on the lower part of the seedling rest, and the movement of the weight gear 14 is prevented by hooking the axis of the weight gear 14 with a seedling resistance rod 15 or the like. The long seedling 11 is sandwiched by the seedling feed belt 18 and the weight gear 13, and the seedling scraping port 16 at the lower end of the seedling rest.
The seedling is fed out through the reversing roller 10 toward the seedling, and the seedling is removed from the long seedling 11 by the transplanting nail 17.
It is implanted and transplanted. Reference numeral 12 denotes a perforated parallel frame provided with a number of rotatable parallel rollers 13 inserted in parallel holes, which is installed by hooking on cutout projections 19 provided on the upper surface of the seedling mounting table, and moves up and down. The interference between the upper and lower sides of the long seedling 11
3 to prevent separation and smooth the movement and reversal of the upper side of the long seedling 11 with the roller 13.

[0026]

The present invention is configured and implemented as described above, and produces the following effects.

[0027] A simple tool such as a conventional seedling incubator or a seedling board obtained by cutting a water-resistant plywood plate without using a huge amount of hydroponic nursery facilities and winding machines, and using commercially available seedling substitute materials and the like. To grow and transplant long seedlings.

As a result, the length of the seedling mounting table is about 1.9.
Double-length, long seedlings can be developed on a scaffold, etc. that can be mounted on a reversing rice transplanter without pushing or winding, etc. This eliminates the need for huge greenhouses, greenhouses, and other facilities for greening shelves that operate only for a short period of time and hardening horizontally.

[0029] Compared to the transportation of heavy and difficult-to-handle budding seedlings and the cultivation in a farmer's field, a large amount of budding seedlings and the like can be transported and deployed more easily.

Since a long seedling raising plate having a groove on the surface of the bottom plate is used, continuous roots (strip-shaped root mat) are formed on the back surface of the seedling mat, and the connection strength of the seedling mat is also improved.

[0031] By the remodeling of the simple seedling rest as described above,
It is possible to mount a continuous seedling mat nearly twice as much as before,
The number of seedlings also decreases.

[0032]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a method for growing a long seedling of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a long seedling (in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction).

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of winding a seeded seedling raising substrate into a cylindrical shape.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a seedling rest of the long seedling inverted rice transplanter of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Nursing seedling board of this invention, 2 ... Biodegradable reinforcing material through which the root of a seedling penetrates, 3 ... Substitute material for cultivating rice seedling seedling, 4 ... Light cotton, 5 ... Seed,
6 ... Short side edge of seedling cultivation substitute material, 7 ... Cover that does not penetrate buds, 8 ... Continuous groove, 9 ... Cylinder, 10 ... Reversing roller,
11 ... long seedling, 12 ... perforated parallel frame provided with many rotatable parallel rollers 13, 13 ... rotatable parallel roller,
14: weight gear, 15: resistance bar, 16: scraping port, 17
… Transplanted nails, 18… seedling feed belt, 19… notched projections

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for growing a long seedling that has been sprouted and greened, wound up, transported as a cylinder, rolled up and unfolded, and greened and hardened. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the water-retaining seedling substrate has a bottom surface or a surface.
A method for growing long seedlings in which seedlings are sown and bred by laying a reinforcing material such as a biodegradable nonwoven fabric, cloth, sheet, or film through which the roots of the seedlings penetrate. 3. The method for growing long seedlings according to claim 2, wherein a long seedling plate having grooves on the surface of the bottom plate is used. 4. A long seedling reversing rice transplanter for mounting long seedlings by flipping the tips of the leaves inwardly in two via a reversing roller and feeding and planting the seedlings.