JP2001012250A - Piston pump type engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a piston pump type engine performing high output without increasing engine volume and engine weight. SOLUTION: A crankcase 4R, an inlet cylinder 1 and a work cylinder 2 are separated from each other through a member 3, piston rod packings 10p, 20p are provided on parts 10h, 20h through which piston rods 10r, 20r of this member pass and inlet chambers 2A, 2B are respectively formed on the top dead center side and the bottom dead center side of a preliminary compression piston 20 on a piston pump type engine, and a settlement is provided by the piston pump type engine on which combustion chambers 1A, 2A are formed respectively on the top dead center side and the bottom dead center side.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a piston pump type engine having an intake cylinder.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a piston pump type engine, an intake cylinder is provided separately from a work cylinder, and intake and preliminary compression are performed by the action of a preliminary compression piston reciprocating in the intake cylinder. The pre-compression piston is connected to a crank to which the work piston is connected, and acts in conjunction with the work piston. Therefore, the relative position between the work piston and the pre-compression piston is determined by the degree of connection between the crank and the piston rod extending from each piston. The piston-pump engine is a one-cylinder two-port engine in which an intake port is formed on the intake cylinder side, an exhaust port is formed on the work cylinder side, and an air supply port is formed on each cylinder. It is also possible to provide an intake valve, an exhaust valve, and an air supply valve at the port (1) and adjust the valve timing according to the piston position to control the combustion efficiency. Furthermore, the piston-pump type engine does not need to make the crank chamber airtight unlike the crankcase compression type engine, so the lubrication method and the crank shape of the bearing part can be set freely, and the intake air intake is higher than that of the work cylinder. It is also possible to supply more compressed gas to the work cylinder by, for example, increasing the volume of the cylinder.

[0003] As described above, the piston-pump engine has a high degree of freedom in adjusting the valve timing, the shape of the crank, and the like, and supplies the compressed gas precompressed by the intake cylinder to the combustion chamber. To be good,
There is an advantage that high output is easily obtained.

[0004]

However, since the piston pump type engine has an intake cylinder separately from the work cylinder, the engine volume is larger and the structure is complicated as compared with an engine operated only by the work cylinder. However, it also has the disadvantage that the engine weight is heavy. This has been a major cause of lowering the efficiency of the piston pump type engine.

Accordingly, a main object of the present invention is to improve the efficiency of a piston pump type engine without increasing the engine weight and the engine volume.

[0006]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an intake cylinder, a pre-compression piston reciprocating in the intake cylinder, a work cylinder, and a work cylinder. A reciprocating work piston, a crank to which the pre-compression piston and a piston rod respectively extending from the work piston are connected, a crank chamber for accommodating the crank, and a compressed gas compressed by the intake cylinder to the work cylinder. An piston-pump type engine including an air supply path for supplying air and an air supply valve for opening and closing the air supply path, wherein a crank chamber is separated from an intake cylinder and a work cylinder by members. A piston rod packing is provided at a portion of this member through which the piston rod penetrates, and The air intake chamber is formed in the respective dead center and bottom dead center on the ton, is a piston pump type engine has a combustion chamber in each of the dead center and bottom dead center on the workpiece piston.

An intake chamber is formed at each of the top dead center side and the bottom dead center side of the pre-compression piston, and a combustion chamber is formed at each of the top dead center side and the bottom dead center side of the work piston. Two cylinders of work can be performed with one cylinder and one piston.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, while the gas is burned and expanded in one of the combustion chambers, exhaust, scavenging, suction and compression of the gas are performed in the other combustion chamber.
It is a piston pump type engine as described.

In the work cylinder, the work piston moves from top dead center to bottom dead center or from bottom dead center to top dead center.
During the stroke, while gas is burned and expanded in one of the combustion chambers, scavenging, exhaust, gas suction and compression are performed in the other combustion chamber, so that one cycle can be completed in one stroke. Can be very efficient.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a cylindrical work cylinder 1 and an intake cylinder 2 are arranged close to and parallel to each other. The work cylinder 1 is divided into a top dead center side combustion chamber 1A and a bottom dead center side combustion chamber 1B by a work piston 10 reciprocating in the work cylinder.
Pre-compression piston 2 reciprocating in this intake cylinder
0, the top dead center side intake chamber 2A and the bottom dead center side intake chamber 2B
And is divided into

Exhaust ports 11A and 11B are provided in the combustion chambers 1A and 1B on the top dead center side and the bottom dead center side, respectively. Opening and closing of the exhaust ports 11A and 11B are performed by exhaust valves 12A and 12B. It is. The intake chambers 2A and 2B on the top dead center side and the bottom dead center side respectively have
Intake ports 21A and 21B are provided, and opening and closing of the intake ports are performed by intake valves 22A and 22B. Exhaust valves 12A, 12B and intake valve 2
2A and 22b can be operated by a cam or the like (not shown).

The bottom dead center side combustion chamber 1B and the bottom dead center side intake chamber 2B are separated from the crank chamber 4R via a bottom plate member 3. Piston rods 10r, 20r extending from the respective pistons penetrate the bottom plate member 3 and are connected to the same crank 4 via connecting rods 10c, 20c in the crank chamber 4R. The piston rods 10r and 20r are fixed to the pistons 10 and 20 or are formed integrally with the pistons, and perform only vertical movement similarly to the pistons. Piston rod packings 10p for maintaining the airtightness of the bottom dead center side combustion chamber 1B and the bottom dead center side intake chamber 2B are provided in through holes 10h, 20h through which the piston rods 10r, 20r formed in the member 3 pass. 20p are provided. The vertical movement of the work piston 10 is transmitted to the connecting rod 10c in the crank chamber by the piston rod 10r, and the connecting rod 10c converts the transmitted reciprocating movement of the work piston into the rotational movement of the crank 4. Each piston 10,
The work piston 10 is connected to the pre-compression piston 2 in the same manner as the conventional piston pump type engine.
They are linked so as to operate after 0.

On the other hand, air supply passages 6A and 6B for supplying the gas taken in by the intake cylinder 2 into the work cylinder 1.
Are formed. The air supply passages 6A and 6B are formed between the top dead center side combustion chamber 1A and the top dead center side intake chamber 2A and between the bottom dead center side combustion chamber 1B and the bottom dead center side intake chamber 2B, respectively. Have been. Air supply valves 7A and 7B for opening and closing the air supply paths 6A and 6B are mounted in the middle of the air supply paths 6A and 6B. When the air supply valves 7A and 7B are opened, gas is released from the combustion chamber. Air is supplied to 1A and 1B, and when closed, the air supply is stopped. The pistons of the air supply valves 7A and 7B move to predetermined positions, and the intake chambers 2A and 2B on the top dead center side or the bottom dead center side
It is configured to open when the internal pressure reaches a predetermined pressure. The air supply valve can also be operated by a cam or the like (not shown) like the intake valve and the exhaust valve.

Combustion chambers 1A, 2 on the top dead center side and the bottom dead center side
A shows the injection 13 for fuel injection, respectively.
A, 13B and spark plugs 14A, 14B are provided. The injections 13A and 13B are provided on the side walls of the respective combustion chambers. These injections 13A and 13B are arranged in the lower circular direction of the cylinder in the top dead center side combustion chamber 1A and in the upper circular direction in the bottom dead center side combustion chamber 1B so that the injected fuel becomes an air-fuel mixture efficiently. Is preferred. Further, the fuel may be supplied to each combustion chamber as an air-fuel mixture without providing an injection on the cylinder wall. The ignition plugs 14A and 14B are so arranged that ignition explosions can be performed in the combustion chamber 1A at the top dead center when the work piston reaches the top dead center and in the combustion chamber 1B when the work piston reaches the bottom dead center. Are provided at the top and bottom of the cylinder of the work cylinder 1. In this respect, the plug may not be provided when a compression explosion type engine such as a diesel engine is used. Also, an ignition plug can be provided only in one of the combustion chambers for the initial start.

In addition, the configuration provided in the combustion chamber of the conventional piston pump type engine is specially modified even in the combustion chamber on the top dead center side and the bottom dead center side of the piston pump type engine according to the present invention. It can be provided without performing. Similarly, the configuration provided in the intake chamber of the conventional piston pump type engine can be similarly provided in the intake chambers on the top dead center side and the bottom dead center side.

With the above configuration, when the pre-compression piston 20 moves in the direction of the top dead center, air is sucked in the bottom dead center side intake chamber 2B and the top dead center side intake chamber 2A
To perform pre-compression and air supply, and when the pre-compression piston moves toward the bottom dead center, air is taken in the top dead center side intake chamber 2A and the bottom dead center side intake chamber is sucked. Precompression and air supply can be performed in the chamber 2B.
Therefore, it is possible to perform intake and air supply in one stroke of the piston. Therefore, by supplying the gas compressed in the intake chamber into the work cylinder in a timely manner, the work piston 10 moves toward the top dead center in the work cylinder, that is, burns in the bottom dead center side combustion chamber 1B. And the expansion, the top dead center side combustion chamber 1A
To perform exhaust, scavenging, gas suction, and compression. When the work piston is moving toward the bottom dead center, that is, combustion and expansion are performed in the top dead center side combustion chamber 1A. During the cracking, exhaust, scavenging, gas suction and compression can be performed in the bottom dead center side combustion chamber 2B.

Further, the engine according to the present invention can work only in one of the combustion chambers. For example, when operating at low output, work is performed in either the combustion chamber on either the top dead center side or the bottom dead center side and the intake chamber, and when high output is required, It is also possible to work in both the combustion chamber and the intake chamber on the dead center side.

Next, the operation of the engine according to the present invention will be described with reference to schematic diagrams. As shown in FIG. 2, when the pre-compression piston 20 moves near the top dead center and the pressure in the top dead center side intake chamber 2A reaches a predetermined pressure, the top dead center side air supply valve 7A opens to open the top dead center. The first combustion chamber 1A and the top dead center side intake chamber 2A communicate with each other. At this time, the work piston 10 operates later than the pre-compression piston 20.
It is located in the middle of and is moving toward top dead center. The exhaust port 11A of the top dead center side combustion chamber 1A is open, and the intake port 21A of the top dead center side intake chamber is closed. The pre-compressed gas G pre-compressed in the top dead center side intake chamber 2A is sent to the top dead center side combustion chamber 1A through the top dead center side air supply passage 6A. In the top dead center side combustion chamber 1A, a scavenging process is performed.
At this time, the bottom dead center side air supply valve 7B remains closed, and the bottom dead center side intake chamber 1B and the bottom dead center side combustion chamber 2B are not in communication. The exhaust port 11B of the bottom dead center side combustion chamber 1A is closed, and the combustion gas is expanding in the bottom dead center side combustion chamber. The intake port 21B of the bottom dead center side intake chamber 2B is open, and fresh air N is sucked into the bottom dead center side intake chamber 2B.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3, when the pre-compression piston 20 moves to the top dead center, the supply of the pre-compressed gas from the top dead center side intake chamber to the top dead center side combustion chamber is completed. . Upon completion, the top dead center side air supply valve A closes, the intake port 21A opens in the top dead center side intake chamber 2A, and fresh air N starts to be sucked. The exhaust port 11A of the top dead center side combustion chamber 1A is closed before the air supply port closes, and the pre-compressed gas fed by the work piston moving toward the top dead center is further compressed. On the other hand, at this time, the air supply valve 7 at the bottom dead center side
With B closed, the intake port 21B of the bottom dead center side intake chamber is closed, and the gas S that has been sucked in begins to be pre-compressed.
In the bottom dead center side combustion chamber 1B, the gas continues to expand.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 4, when the work piston 10 reaches the top dead center, an ignition explosion occurs in the combustion chamber 1A on the top dead center side. At this time, the pre-compression piston 20
Is already in the middle of the cylinder and is moving towards bottom dead center. The top dead center side intake port 21A remains open, and the fresh air N is being sucked into the top dead center side intake chamber 2A. On the other hand, at this time, the bottom dead center side air supply valve 7B is closed,
Preliminary compression is started in the bottom dead center side intake chamber 2B. At the same time, the exhaust port 11B of the bottom dead center side combustion chamber 1B opens, and the exhaust starts in the bottom dead center side combustion chamber 1B.

As shown in FIG. 5, when the pre-compression piston 20 moves near the bottom dead center and the pressure in the bottom dead center side intake chamber 2B reaches a predetermined pressure, the bottom dead center side air supply valve is opened. The bottom dead center side combustion chamber 1B communicates with the bottom dead center side intake chamber 2B. At this time, since the work piston 10 operates later than the pre-compression piston 20, it is located in the middle of the work cylinder 2 and is moving toward the bottom dead center. The exhaust port 11B of the bottom dead center side combustion chamber 1B is open, and the intake port 21B of the bottom dead center side intake chamber 2B is closed. The pre-compressed gas G pre-compressed in the bottom dead center side intake chamber 2B is supplied to the bottom dead center side air supply passage 6
B is supplied to the bottom dead center side combustion chamber 1B. A scavenging process is performed in the bottom dead center side combustion chamber 1B. On the other hand, the top dead center side air supply valve 6A remains closed, and the top dead center side intake chamber 1A and the top dead center side combustion chamber 2A are not in communication. The exhaust port 11A of the top dead center combustion chamber is closed, and the top dead center combustion chamber 1 is closed.
At A, the combustion gas is expanding. The intake port 21A of the top dead center side intake chamber 2A is open, and intake of fresh air N is performed in the top dead center side intake chamber 2A. This is a state in which the bottom dead center side and the top dead center side shown in FIG. 2 are interchanged.

Therefore, subsequently, the state shown in FIG. 6 is obtained, in which the top dead center side and the bottom dead center side of the state shown in FIG. 3 are interchanged. The pre-compression piston 20 moves to the bottom dead center, and the supply of the pre-compressed gas from the bottom dead center side intake chamber 2B to the bottom dead center combustion chamber 2B is completed. 6B is closed, the intake port 21B is opened in the bottom dead center side intake chamber 2B, and the intake of fresh air N is started. At this time, the exhaust port 11A of the bottom dead center side combustion chamber is connected to the bottom dead center side air supply passage 6B.
Is closed before closing, and the precompressed gas sent by the work piston moving toward the bottom dead center is further compressed. On the other hand, at this time, while the air supply passage 6A on the top dead center side is closed, the intake port 11A of the top dead center side intake chamber 2A is closed, and the sucked gas S starts to be pre-compressed by the action of the pre-compression piston 20. . The gas continues to expand in the top dead center side combustion chamber 1A.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 7, when the work piston 10 reaches the bottom dead center, an ignition explosion occurs in the bottom dead center side combustion chamber 1B. At this time, the pre-compression piston 20
Is already in the middle of the cylinder and is moving towards top dead center. The intake port 21B on the bottom dead center side is kept open, and the intake of fresh air N is performed in the bottom dead center side intake chamber 2B. On the other hand, at this time, the top dead center side air supply passage 6A is closed by the air supply valve 7A, and preliminary compression is started in the top dead center side intake chamber 2A. At the same time, the exhaust port 11A of the combustion chamber at the top dead center side
Is opened, and the exhaust starts in the top dead center side combustion chamber 1A.

Subsequently, the pre-compression piston 20 moves to the vicinity of the top dead center of the intake cylinder, and after that, the work piston 10 moves to the middle of the cylinder and returns to the state of FIG. In this way, each piston reciprocates repeatedly in each cylinder. In the work cylinder, one cycle of suction, compression, expansion, and exhaust is performed during one stroke of the work piston, which is very efficient.

[0025]

As described above, according to the present invention, work for two cylinders is performed by one piston and one cylinder. Further, since one cycle of intake, exhaust, scavenging, compression, and explosion is completed during one stroke of the work piston, there is no waste in the work of the piston. Accordingly, high output can be obtained without increasing the engine weight and the engine volume, and advantages such as high output, high efficiency, and small space of the piston pump type engine are provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a piston pump type engine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a first state diagram illustrating the operation of the piston-pump engine according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a second state diagram for explaining the operation of the piston-pump engine according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a third state diagram for explaining the operation of the piston-pump engine according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a fourth state diagram for explaining the operation of the piston-pump engine according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a fifth state diagram for explaining the operation of the piston-pump engine according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sixth state diagram for explaining the operation of the piston-pump engine according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Work cylinder, 1A ... Top dead center side combustion chamber, 1B ... Bottom dead center side combustion chamber, 2 ... Intake cylinder, 2A ... Top dead center side intake chamber, 2B ... Bottom dead center side intake chamber, 3 ... Bottom plate member , 4 ... crank, 4R ... crank chamber, 5 ... cylinder head, 6A ... top dead center side air supply path, 6B ... bottom dead center side air supply path, 7A ... top dead center side air supply valve, 7B ... bottom dead center Side air supply valve, 8: piston ring, 10: work piston, 10c, 20c: connecting rod, 10h, 20h: through hole, 10p, 20p: piston rod packing, 10r, 20r: piston rod,
10s, 20s ... Piston ring, 11A ... Top dead center side exhaust port, 11B ... Bottom dead center side exhaust port, 12A ... Top dead center side exhaust valve, 12B ... Bottom dead center side exhaust valve, 13A
... Top dead center side injection, 13B ... Bottom dead center side injection, 14A, 14B ... Spark plug, 21A ... Top dead center side intake port, 21B ... Bottom dead center side intake port, 22
A: top dead center side intake valve, 22B: bottom dead center side intake valve,

Claims (2)

[Claims] An intake cylinder, a pre-compression piston reciprocating in the intake cylinder, a work cylinder, a work piston reciprocating in the work cylinder,
A crank in which piston rods respectively extending from the pre-compression piston and the work piston are connected via a connecting rod, a crank chamber for accommodating the crank, and compressed gas pre-compressed in the intake cylinder to the work cylinder. An air supply path for supplying air, the piston pump type engine comprising: a crank chamber, an intake cylinder, and a work cylinder separated from each other via a member, and a part of the member through which the piston rod penetrates. A piston rod packing is provided, an intake chamber is formed at each of the top dead center side and the bottom dead center side of the preliminary compression piston, and a combustion chamber is formed at each of the top dead center side and the bottom dead center side of the work piston. A piston pump type engine characterized by being formed. 2. The piston pump type engine according to claim 1, wherein exhaust gas, scavenging gas, gas suction and compression are performed in the other combustion chamber while gas is burned and expanded in one combustion chamber.