JP2001005543A - Direct-current power output device and solar power generation system - Google Patents
Direct-current power output device and solar power generation systemInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001005543A JP2001005543A JP11171107A JP17110799A JP2001005543A JP 2001005543 A JP2001005543 A JP 2001005543A JP 11171107 A JP11171107 A JP 11171107A JP 17110799 A JP17110799 A JP 17110799A JP 2001005543 A JP2001005543 A JP 2001005543A
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- Prior art keywords
- power
- output
- charging
- discharging
- charge
- Prior art date
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- Granted
Links
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagrams Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001965 increased Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuels Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101710084444 CC12 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 281000067570 Kansai Electric Power Company companies 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layers Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a DC power output device for outputting an output of a DC power source such as a solar cell to an inverter or the like, and a photovoltaic power generation system provided with the DC power output device.
[0002]
2. Description of the Related Art A grid-connected solar power generation system is provided with a solar cell, a DC current collecting box, a grid-connected inverter, and a grid-connected protection device. The power is converted into DC electric energy by a solar cell, and the DC power is collected by a DC current collection box. Then, the power is converted into AC power by a grid-connected inverter and flows backward to the system.
[0003]
In the grid-connected solar power generation system having such a configuration, fluctuations in the power generated by the solar cell (DC) due to fluctuations in the solar radiation are output fluctuations of the photovoltaic power generation system. Therefore, there is a problem that the reverse power flow power to the grid to be interconnected is fluctuated, and therefore the grid voltage may fluctuate rapidly.
Further, when a solar power generation system is installed and installed on a large scale, a large power fluctuation occurs in the system when solar radiation fluctuation occurs in a wide area, so that not only the system voltage but also the system voltage is increased. Fluctuations in the frequency of the voltage,
There were concerns about the occurrence of a number of problems, such as an increase in the number of power generation facilities.
Further, when a system for increasing the local self-sufficiency of electric power is constructed by using a solar power generation system, a wind power generation system, a fuel cell system, an electric power storage system, etc. There is a problem that the power storage system having a high control speed must compensate for the rapid output power fluctuation of the system, and the load on the power storage system increases.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to suppress fluctuations in reverse power flow to the system by absorbing fluctuations in power generated by a DC power source due to fluctuations in solar radiation and the like.
[0007]
The present invention achieves the above-mentioned object by the following means.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a DC power source, charging / discharging means for charging an output of the DC power source and discharging the charged DC power to the output, Control means for controlling the operation of the discharging means, wherein the control means controls switching between charging / discharging of the charging / discharging means based on a comparison between an output of the DC power source and a target value thereof. This has the following effects. That is, since the control means switches the charging / discharging operation of the charging / discharging means by comparing with the target value, it is possible to make the output of the DC current source after the charging / discharging operation by the charging / discharging means follow the target value. And the value is smooth and relatively stable.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the DC power output apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the control means includes:
When the output of the DC power source is larger than the target value,
The charging / discharging unit is charged, and when the output of the DC power source is smaller than the target value, the charging / discharging unit is discharged. Has an action. That is, the charging operation is performed when the output of the DC power source is larger than the target value, and the discharging operation is performed when the output of the DC power source is smaller than the target value. The output of the current source can reliably follow the target value, and the value becomes smoother and more stable.
The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is the DC power output device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the target value is a moving average of the output of the DC power source. This has the following effects. That is, since the target value is a moving average, the target value is not fixed but set in a state following the current value of the output of the DC power source to some extent. Therefore, even if the state in which the output of the DC power source is relatively small continues to some extent, the target value is set following the output at that time, and the charging / discharging means does not overdischarge. . Similarly, even if the state where the output of the DC power source is relatively large continues to some extent, the target value will be set according to the output at that time, so that the charging / discharging means will not be overcharged. Absent.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the DC power output device according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the DC power source is a solar cell. This has the following effects. That is, the output of the solar cell is characterized by being easily changed by the amount of solar radiation. Therefore, if the present invention is applied to a DC power output device having such a DC power source, the effects of claims 1 to 3 described above become remarkable.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar power generation system comprising the DC power output device according to the fourth aspect and an inverter for converting a DC output of the DC power output device into an AC power. The configuration is characterized by having the following effects. That is, in the photovoltaic power generation system, the fluctuation of the DC output of the solar cell may be the fluctuation of the output of the photovoltaic power generation system, causing the reverse power flow power to the interconnected system to fluctuate and the system voltage to fluctuate rapidly. . Therefore, if the present invention is applied to a photovoltaic power generation system having such features, the effects of claims 1 to 3 described above become remarkable.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a photovoltaic power generation system incorporating a DC power output device according to an embodiment of the present invention. This solar power generation system includes a solar cell 1,
It includes a DC current collecting box 2, a system interconnection inverter 3, a system interconnection protection relay 4, a charge / discharge control unit 5, and a charge / discharge element 6. The inverter 3 shown in FIG. 1 includes an inverter circuit 31, a control circuit (not shown), an inverter drive circuit, and the like.
The solar cells 1 are composed of a large number of series-parallel combinations and are usually installed outdoors where sunlight can be received. The DC collecting box 2 integrates the outputs of the solar cells 1 into one using diodes. The system interconnection inverter 3 converts the output of the solar cell 1 collected by the DC current collection box 2 into an AC voltage having the same magnitude and the same phase as the system voltage to be interconnected, and then interconnects the power system 7. The reverse tide is flowing. The grid-connected inverter 3 controls the output voltage of the solar cell 1 by maximum power point tracking control (hereinafter referred to as MPPT control) so that the output power of the solar cell 1 is maximized. The system interconnection protection relay 4 is connected to the system interconnection type inverter 3 only when an abnormality of the power system 7 is detected.
And the power system 7 are disconnected. The abnormality of the power system 7 refers to excessive voltage, insufficient voltage, increase in frequency, decrease in frequency, power failure, and the like of the power system 7.
The charging / discharging element 6 is composed of an element capable of storing and discharging electric energy such as an electric double layer capacitor and a lead storage battery, and connects the DC current collecting box 2 to the grid-connected inverter 3. The wiring 8 is connected to a middle point 8 a of the wiring 8 via a branch wiring 9. This charge / discharge element 6
Is obtained by taking in a part of the output of the DC collecting box 2 from the intermediate point 8a via the branch wiring 9 and charging the battery, and charging the charged DC charging power from the branch wiring 9 through the intermediate point 8a. 2 (the output of the solar cell 1) and supplies it to the grid-connected inverter 3.
The charge / discharge control unit 5 is provided in the middle of the branch wiring 9 and controls the charge / discharge of the charge / discharge element 6. Specifically, the charge / discharge control unit 5 includes a charge / discharge switching unit 51 including a DC / DC converter and the like, and a charge / discharge switching unit 52.
And a switching command section 5b for performing the switching of the operation described above. The switching command unit 5b is provided for the DC current collecting box 2 supplied from the power sensor 10 (specifically, a voltage sensor and a current sensor) provided between the intermediate point 8a and the output end 2a of the DC current collecting box 2. The switching between the charging operation and the discharging operation is determined based on the output power information (output power information of the solar cell 1), and the charging / discharging switching unit 51 is switched based on the determination. Note that the switching command section 52 can be configured by an analog circuit, but can also be configured by software on a CPU.
In this embodiment, the solar cell 1 constitutes a DC power source, the charge / discharge element 6 constitutes charge / discharge means, and the charge / discharge control unit 5 constitutes control means. The solar cell 1, the DC current collecting box 2, the charge / discharge element 6, and the charge / discharge control unit 5 constitute a DC power output device.
Hereinafter, the operation of the solar power generation system will be described with reference to the graph of FIG. FIG. 2 shows the power sensor 1
0 shows a change with time of the output power of the solar cell 1 measured with 0.
The DC power generated by the solar cell 1 is output to the grid-connected inverter 3 via the DC current collecting box 2. At this time, the output power of the solar cell 1 (specifically, the output power of the DC current collection box 2) input to the grid-connected inverter 3 is detected by the power sensor 10 and the switching command of the charge / discharge control unit 5 is issued. It is always input to the unit 52. In FIG.
The change over time of the solar cell output power input to the switching command unit 52 is indicated by a symbol α. The switching command unit 52 calculates a moving average of the input solar cell output power in arbitrary time units and calculates the moving average. In FIG. 2, the change over time of the moving average is indicated by a symbol β.
Then, the switching command section 52 compares the input solar cell output power α with the calculated moving average β, and if the solar cell output power α exceeds the moving average β (α
> Β: region (a) in FIG. 2), the start of charging of the charge / discharge element 6 is determined. On the other hand, when the solar cell output α is lower than the moving average β (α <β: the region shown in FIG.
Is determined to start discharging. The charge / discharge switching unit 51 switches the charge / discharge operation of the charge / discharge element 6 based on the determination of the switching command unit 52.
Thus, when the solar cell output power (DC collector box output power) α exceeds the moving average β (α> β: the area of A in FIG. 2), the charge / discharge element 6 The charging is executed until α decreases to the moving average β. Conversely, solar cell output power (DC collector box output power)
When α is less than the moving average β (α <β: region b in FIG. 2), the charge / discharge element 6 performs the discharge until the solar cell output power 1 increases to the moving average.
Therefore, the input terminal 3a of the inverter circuit 31 of the system interconnection inverter 3 is controlled to increase or decrease by the charging / discharging operation of the charging / discharging element 6, thereby absorbing a sudden change in power and leveling. The output power approximated to the average β is input.
Therefore, in this grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system, a change in the output power of the solar cell due to a change in the solar radiation directly causes a change in the output of the inverter, and a reverse power flow to the power system 7 connected to the system. The power no longer fluctuates. As a result, it is possible to prevent a sudden change in the system voltage caused by a change in reverse power flow power.
Furthermore, when this solar power generation system is installed and installed on a large scale, even if solar radiation fluctuations occur in a wide area, large power fluctuations do not occur in the power system 7, and It is possible to prevent not only the voltage but also the frequency of the system voltage from fluctuating and the load on the power generation equipment from increasing.
In this solar power generation system, the following configuration enables the maximum power point tracking control (MPPT control) performed by the grid-connected inverter 3 to be performed without any problem. That is, the measurement of the output power of the solar cell 1 required as control information in the maximum power point tracking control (MPPT control) is performed by using the input / output point (charge / discharge input / output point) 8 a of the charge / discharge element 6 on the wiring 8. It may be performed on the side (DC collector box side). Then, there is no problem in performing the maximum power point tracking control (MPPT control). For example, the power sensor 10 used in the charge / discharge switching control may be used also as the power measuring means required in the maximum power point tracking control (MPPT control). In this case, there is an effect that the number of power sensors can be reduced.
Further, as another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a charge / discharge control unit 5 and a charge / discharge element 6 may be built in the system interconnection type inverter 3. By incorporating the charge / discharge control unit 5 and the charge / discharge element 6 inside the grid-connected inverter, it is possible to reduce the size and cost of the entire apparatus.
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a DC collector box 2, a system interconnection protection relay 4, a charge / discharge control unit 5, and a charge / discharge element 6 may be built in the system interconnection type inverter 3. By incorporating these devices inside the system interconnection inverter, it is possible to reduce the size and cost of the entire device.
Also, as shown in FIG. 5, the charging / discharging control unit is provided at the intermediate point 3b between the power sensor 10 inside the inverter and the input terminal 3a of the inverter circuit 31 for the already installed grid-connected inverter 3. By connecting the charging / discharging element 5 to the charging / discharging element 6, it is possible to suppress output fluctuations due to solar radiation without performing complicated remodeling. In this case, maximum power point tracking control (MPPT control) performed by the grid-connected inverter 3
Needs to measure the output power of the solar cell 1 required as control information on the solar cell side from the point where the charge / discharge control unit 5 is connected.
In the above-described embodiment, the moving average is used as the target value of the output power of the solar cell. Alternatively, the absolute average value from the control start point to the present may be used as the target value. Further, the target value may be set from the average value of the past solar radiation amounts in a predetermined period (season, month, week, etc.). Further, the target value may be set based on the weather forecast or the like of the day. As the target value of the output power of the solar cell, the near future value of the output power of the solar cell is predicted from the change in the output power of the solar cell at the present time, and the moving average value is calculated using an arbitrary time unit using the value. A method of calculating and using it as a target value may be used. As a result, the time delay that occurs when the moving average of the output power of the solar cell is obtained can be eliminated, and the storage capacity of the charge / discharge element 6 can be reduced. Thus, the target value can be set variously.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the present invention is implemented in a photovoltaic power generation system. In addition, in a system including various DC power output devices such as a wind power generation system and a wave power generation system. Can be implemented. Furthermore, the present invention can be implemented when a system that enhances the local self-sufficiency of electric power is constructed by using a solar power generation system, a wind power generation system, a fuel cell system, an electric power storage system, and the like. In this case, since there is no sudden change in the output power of the solar power generation system or the wind power generation system, it is not necessary for the power storage system or the like having a fast control speed to compensate for the output fluctuation, and the burden on the power storage system is reduced. It is reduced.
[0032]
As described above, according to the present invention, it becomes possible to make the output of the DC current source follow the target value after the charge / discharge operation by the charge / discharge means, and the value becomes stable. It will be. Therefore, the disadvantage that the output fluctuation of the DC power source affects the supply destination of the output power is eliminated. In particular, when the present invention is applied to a photovoltaic power generation system or the like, there is a disadvantage that the output of the photovoltaic power generation system fluctuates and the reverse power flow power to the interconnected system fluctuates, thereby rapidly changing the system voltage. Can be prevented.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a solar power generation system according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram provided for describing control of output power of a solar cell in the solar power generation system according to the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a solar power generation system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a photovoltaic power generation system according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a photovoltaic power generation system according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solar cell 2 DC collection box 3 Grid connection type inverter 4 Grid connection protection relay 5 Charge / discharge control part 51 Charge / discharge switching part 52 Switching command part 6 Charge / discharge element 7 Power system 10 Power sensor
──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Akio Kitamura 3-3-22 Nakanoshima, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside Kansai Electric Power Company (72) Inventor Tsuyoshi Hirano 2-1-1 Tagawa, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka No. 11 Daihen Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiromasa Kubo 2-1-1 Tagawa, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka F-term Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 5G003 AA06 BA01 CB05 CC02 DA07 GB06 5G066 HA30 HB06 HB09 5H007 AA06 AA17 BB07 CC09 CC12 DB01 DC03 FA14 FA19 5H420 BB03 BB12 CC03 CC06 DD03 EA37 EB39 LL02 LL03 LL06
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17110799A JP4353446B2 (en) | 1999-06-17 | 1999-06-17 | DC power output device and solar power generation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17110799A JP4353446B2 (en) | 1999-06-17 | 1999-06-17 | DC power output device and solar power generation system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| JP2001005543A true JP2001005543A (en) | 2001-01-12 |
| JP4353446B2 JP4353446B2 (en) | 2009-10-28 |
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| JP17110799A Expired - Lifetime JP4353446B2 (en) | 1999-06-17 | 1999-06-17 | DC power output device and solar power generation system |
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| JP2014209825A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-11-06 | アイシン精機株式会社 | Power generation system |
| US10355487B2 (en) | 2013-08-27 | 2019-07-16 | Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial Systems Corporation | Photovoltaic system |
| JPWO2015029138A1 (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2017-03-02 | 東芝三菱電機産業システム株式会社 | Solar power system |
| JP2015216830A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2015-12-03 | ティーエムイーアイシー コーポレーション | Hybrid power converter for renewable energy power plant |
| JP2016103900A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Storage battery system |
| WO2016194410A1 (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2016-12-08 | オムロン株式会社 | Storage battery control device |
| US10355492B2 (en) | 2015-06-02 | 2019-07-16 | Omron Corporation | Rechargeable battery controller |
| WO2016199455A1 (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2016-12-15 | オムロン株式会社 | Storage battery control device |
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