JP2001001267A - Method and device for forming grinding material layer of resinoid-bonded grinding wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the workability in forming a grinding material layer of various patterns including a deformed grinding wheel and a forming grinding wheel in the manufacture of the grinding wheels using an ultraviolet ray hardening resin for a binder, and to improve the economy by eliminating the wasteful consumption of expensive abrasive grains. SOLUTION: A grinding layer material in which abrasive grains are mixed in a liquid ultraviolet ray hardening resin is extruded from an extruder 10 provided with a nozzle 12 of specified shape and dimensions and applied to a substrate of a grinding wheel, and hardened by irradiating the ultraviolet ray by an ultraviolet ray irradiator 20 continuously provided to the extruder 10 to form the grinding material layer of constant shape and dimensions and of an arbitrary pattern. The nozzle 12 is attachable/detachable to/from a container 11.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for forming an abrasive layer of a resinoid grindstone used for grinding and cutting of difficult-to-cut materials.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a grindstone used for grinding difficult-to-cut materials, such as ceramics, cemented carbide, and cermets, which are liable to be clogged during grinding and are susceptible to grinding burn, they act softly on a workpiece. A resinoid grindstone is used. This resinoid grindstone is manufactured by a method in which abrasive grains and a powder resin are mixed and pressure-formed, or a method in which a fluid mixture in which abrasive grains are dispersed in a liquid resin is poured into a predetermined mold and cured.

In the former method, that is, a method in which abrasive grains and a powder resin are mixed and pressure-molded, a mold for pressure molding is required for each grindstone. And the handling becomes difficult. In addition, the shape of the base of the grindstone is limited due to design constraints of the mold, and reworking after molding may be required in some cases. Further, there is a problem that the manufacturing range is affected by the capability of the press machine.

[0004] On the other hand, in the latter method, that is, a method in which a fluid mixture in which abrasive grains are dispersed in a liquid resin is poured into a predetermined mold and hardened, the abrasive grains may settle after the casting.
It is difficult to uniformly disperse the abrasive grains due to the incorporation of air bubbles, and since fluidity is required, a large amount of abrasive grains and fillers cannot be added, and the physical properties of the abrasive layer There is a problem that the improvement is limited.

[0005] In recent years, a method of manufacturing a grindstone using a photocurable resin as a binder has been proposed in order to overcome such a problem. For example, JP-A-10-249735
In the publication, abrasive particles are mixed and dispersed in a liquid uncured binder made of a photocurable resin, and the uncured resin in which the abrasive particles are dispersed is adhered to a predetermined portion of a base of a grindstone. A method of manufacturing a grindstone that cures by irradiating a part with light or an electron beam,
And devices used for the same. According to the method and the apparatus for manufacturing the whetstone, the abrasive grains are uniformly dispersed, and the cutting edges of the abrasive grains are uniform, and the finished surface roughness becomes good,
It is said that a grindstone applicable to ultra-precision grinding can be obtained.

[0006]

In the above publication, a liquid ultraviolet curable resin mixed with abrasive grains is uniformly applied to one surface of a disk-shaped base with a brush, and the resin is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays. Example, and rotate the disk-shaped base metal above the container containing the liquid ultraviolet curable resin mixed with abrasive grains, adhere the abrasive grains and the uncured resin on the peripheral surface of the base metal, from this adhesion position There is disclosed an embodiment of curing by irradiating ultraviolet rays at a remote position.

However, it is difficult to uniformly apply an ultraviolet-curing resin mixed with abrasive grains by the above-described method of applying with a brush, and the application step and the ultraviolet irradiation step are time consuming. The workability is not good.
In the method of adhering the ultraviolet curable resin mixed with the abrasive particles contained in the container to the base metal, the amount of the abrasive particles and the ultraviolet curable resin which are actually larger than the volume required for forming the abrasive layer is actually contained in the container, which is expensive. Useless abrasive grains are wasted,
In this method, the UV-cured resin mixed with the abrasive grains cannot be adhered in a different pattern shape. And it is difficult to form an abrasive layer having a uniform thickness.

[0008] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to improve the workability of forming abrasive layers of various patterns, including irregularly shaped whetstones and full-shaped whetstones, in the production of whetstones using an ultraviolet curable resin, and to increase the cost of abrasive grains. The goal is to increase economics by eliminating wasteful consumption.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a grinding method for a resinoid grindstone by applying an abrasive layer material in which abrasive grains are mixed with a liquid ultraviolet curable resin to a grindstone substrate and irradiating with ultraviolet rays to cure the resin. In the method of forming a material layer, the abrasive layer material is extruded from an extruder equipped with a nozzle having a fixed shape and size and applied to the substrate, and cured by ultraviolet irradiation to form an abrasive layer. I do.

The abrasive layer is formed by the above-mentioned method by extruding an extruder having a container for accommodating the abrasive layer material and a nozzle provided at the tip of the container, and extruding the extruder to apply the material to a substrate. It can be carried out using an apparatus provided with an ultraviolet irradiator for directing the abrasive layer material. Here, the nozzle can be removably attached to the container, and the extruder and the ultraviolet irradiator can be integrally combined.

In the present invention, an abrasive layer material in which abrasive particles are mixed with a liquid ultraviolet curable resin is applied to a substrate.
Use an extruder. By extruding the abrasive layer material from the nozzle of the extruder, the abrasive layer material can be applied to the substrate in a given shape and in an arbitrary pattern. Since the abrasive layer material extruded from the nozzle is only an amount necessary for the formation of the abrasive layer, it is possible to eliminate wasteful consumption of expensive abrasive grains and to improve economic efficiency. Also, by detachably attaching nozzles of different shapes and dimensions,
The shape dimensions and pattern of the abrasive layer can be easily changed. Then, by connecting an ultraviolet irradiator to the extruder, the abrasive layer material applied to the substrate can be immediately cured, so that the abrasive layer does not lose its shape, and the abrasive layer having a predetermined shape, dimension and pattern can be formed. It can be formed accurately.

The method and apparatus for forming an abrasive material layer according to the present invention can be applied to all of various conventionally used resinoid grinding wheels. For example, it can be applied to various grinding wheels for cutting, grinding, polishing, drilling, and the like of ceramics, cemented carbide, glass, and the like. Further, according to the shape of the grindstone, it can be applied to various grindstones such as a disk wheel type, a core drill type, a rim saw type, a shaft type, a straight wheel type, and a cup wheel type.

The abrasive used in the present invention may be a general abrasive such as silicon carbide or alumina, or a superabrasive such as diamond or cubic boron nitride. In particular, when an ultraviolet curable resin and superabrasive grains are used in combination, the accurate shape of the abrasive layer can be maintained for a long period of time.

The type of the ultraviolet-curable resin is not particularly limited as long as it has a reactive group (crosslinking portion) excited by a photoradical generator. For example, acrylic, epoxy, or aryl resin is used. be able to.
In particular, a high-strength acrylic resin is suitable for heavy grinding, a low-strength aryl resin for difficult-to-cut materials, and a high-elasticity epoxy resin for mirror finishing.

The mixing ratio of the UV-curable resin and the abrasive grains varies depending on the application and shape of the grindstone to be applied, and the type of the UV-curable resin and the abrasive grains to be used. 30-60 parts by weight of resin,
Metal-coated diamond abrasive grains can be 60 to 70 parts by weight, and in the case of a grinding wheel for forming a cermet or ceramics, an aryl resin is 35 to 60 parts by weight;
It can be 40 to 65 parts by weight of diamond abrasive grains. As in the case of the conventional grindstone, a metal filler, an inorganic filler, and the like can be added to the abrasive layer material in addition to the ultraviolet curable resin and the abrasive grains, if necessary.

The specific structure of the extruder for applying the abrasive layer material to the grindstone substrate is as follows, provided that the extruder has a container containing the abrasive layer material and a nozzle provided at the tip of the container. Other structures are not particularly limited. In a preferred embodiment of the container for accommodating the abrasive layer material, the container body has a cylindrical shape so that the abrasive layer material can be mixed and stirred in the container body. Use a piston-type extruder to extrude the abrasive layer material in the container body.Use a screw-type extruder especially when the dispersion of abrasive grains and fillers becomes uneven due to the specific gravity difference of the mixed material. Thereby, it is possible to obtain a structure that performs both stirring and extrusion.
With such a structure, uniform dispersion in the container body can be achieved.

For the nozzle for extruding the abrasive layer material, a plurality of types of nozzles are prepared in which the shape of the tip of the nozzle is changed in accordance with the shape of the grindstone and the abrasive layer pattern, and these nozzles are exchanged for use. I do. Thereby, the abrasive layer material can be applied to the substrate in a given shape and size and in an arbitrary pattern. Further, by detachably attaching nozzles having different shapes and dimensions, the shape and size and pattern of the abrasive material layer can be easily changed.

The shape of the tip of the nozzle includes a slit-shaped opening, a circular opening, a plurality of small holes arranged in parallel, and the like. The dimensions include the width, length, and inner diameter of the opening. It can be set according to the shape dimensions and pattern of the abrasive layer to be formed. It is desirable that the nozzle is attached to the container by a detachable attachment structure such as a screw-in type or a bayonet type.

The basic structure of an ultraviolet irradiator for curing an ultraviolet-curable resin can be the same as that of an irradiator conventionally used for curing an ultraviolet-curable paint. The type of the irradiator includes a condensing type, a semi-condensing type, and a diffusing type, and it is desirable to use one of them depending on the shape dimensions and pattern of the abrasive layer to be formed. When the shape of the abrasive layer is the overall shape, the condensing type is suitable for curing in a narrow range, and when curing in a wide range without irregularities in the shape of the abrasive layer, the semi-concentrating type is suitable, The diffusion type is suitable when simultaneous curing is required even if the abrasive layer has some irregularities.

A particularly desirable mode of use is that the ultraviolet irradiator is of a condensing type, and the extruder and the ultraviolet irradiator are integrally combined. With such a structure, immediately after the abrasive layer material is extruded from the extruder, the abrasive layer material can be immediately cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays with a high-intensity condensing type irradiator, There is no deformation of the abrasive layer, and the abrasive layer having a predetermined shape, size and pattern can be formed accurately.

[0021]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an abrasive layer forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state of use of the abrasive layer forming apparatus of FIG.

This embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to the formation of an abrasive layer of a spiral-shaped grindstone for a cutting tool such as a razor blade. As shown in FIG. 1, the abrasive material layer forming apparatus 1
The extruder 10 and the ultraviolet irradiator 20 are integrally combined by a fastening band 30.

The extruder 10 includes a container 11 for accommodating the abrasive layer material, a nozzle 12 provided at the tip of the container 11, and a driving device 13. The container 11 is a cylindrical container made of stainless steel, and a screw blade 14 for agitating and pushing out the abrasive layer material is attached inside. The nozzle 12 is detachably attached to the tip of the container 11 with a screw. The shape of the extrusion opening of the nozzle 12 is to select and use a nozzle having a shape suitable for a grindstone to be manufactured from a plurality of types prepared according to the base shape of the grindstone and the shape of the abrasive material layer, In the present embodiment, a nozzle having a shape shown in FIG.

FIGS. 3A and 3B show examples of the shape of the extrusion port of the nozzle 12. FIG. 3A shows a slit type extrusion port 12a suitable for forming a wide abrasive layer, and FIG. A circular hole type extrusion port 12b suitable for forming an abrasive material layer having a width is shown, and (c) is a small hole parallel type extrusion port 12c suitable for forming a plurality of abrasive material layers.

FIGS. 4A and 4B show an example of a method of attaching and detaching the nozzle 12. FIG. 4A shows a screw-type attaching and detaching method using a screw 11a.
(B) shows a bayonet-type attachment / detachment method using an insertion pin 12p and a slot 11b. When one kind of abrasive layer material is used, the frequency of attaching and detaching the nozzle is low,
A screw-type attachment / detachment method that ensures secure attachment is suitable. When the shape of the abrasive layer is complicated and the shape of the extrusion port 12a needs to be changed, a bayonet-type attachment / detachment method in which the attachment / detachment of the nozzle 12 is easy is suitable.

The ultraviolet irradiator 20 is composed of an irradiator main body 21 and a power supply 22 and is integrally combined by a fastening band 30 so as to be connected to the extruder 10. In the present embodiment, the grindstone to be manufactured is a spiral grindstone, and the shape of the abrasive layer is narrow and the range to be cured is narrow, so a condensing irradiator is used as an irradiator suitable for this. ing. In the figure, 21a is a lamp and 21b is a cold mirror.

Next, a method of using the abrasive layer forming apparatus 1 of FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The grindstone 70 to be manufactured is a spiral-shaped grindstone, and forms a spiral abrasive layer 72 on the outer periphery of a columnar base 71. One end of the base 71 of the grindstone 70 is fixed to the rotating shaft 41 of the rotary driving device 40, and the other end is supported by the center 51 of the support base 50. The abrasive layer forming apparatus 1 is supported by a moving table 62 movably attached to a rotating shaft 61 of a supporting and moving apparatus 60.

In order to form the abrasive layer 72 on the substrate 71, abrasive particles are mixed with a liquid ultraviolet curable resin from the nozzle 12 of the extruder 10 of the abrasive layer forming apparatus 1 on the surface of the rotating substrate 71. The abrasive layer forming apparatus 1 is moved to the left in the figure while extruding the abrasive layer material. At the same time, the abrasive layer material extruded on the surface of the base 71 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to be cured by the ultraviolet irradiator 20. As a result, a spiral narrow abrasive layer 72 is formed as shown in the figure.

According to the abrasive layer forming apparatus 1 of the present embodiment,
The abrasive layer material is extruded from the small-hole circular nozzle 12 of the extruder 10 and spirally applied to the outer surface of the base 71 with a substantially constant width. By curing, the spiral abrasive layer 72 can be accurately formed without losing its shape.

It should be noted that the above usage mode is merely an example,
Extruder 10 according to the type of whetstone, shape of abrasive layer, etc.
By exchanging the nozzles 12 and using the support rotating device of the grindstone and the support moving device of the grindstone layer forming device 1, the grindstone layer forming device 1 can be applied to the formation of grindstone layers of various grindstones. it can. Further, the structure and the combination structure of the extruder 10 and the ultraviolet irradiation device 20 itself can be variously changed without being limited to the present embodiment.

[0031]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) An extruder provided with a container for accommodating the abrasive layer material and a nozzle having a predetermined shape and size provided at the tip of the container, and an abrasive material extruded from the extruder and applied to the substrate By using an apparatus equipped with an ultraviolet irradiator that directs the layer material, the abrasive layer material is extruded from the extruder, applied to the substrate, and cured by ultraviolet irradiation.
An abrasive layer having a predetermined shape and an arbitrary pattern can be easily formed on the substrate. Further, since the abrasive layer material extruded from the extruder is only an amount necessary for forming the abrasive layer, it is possible to eliminate wasteful consumption of expensive abrasive grains and improve economical efficiency.

(2) The extruder has a structure in which the nozzle is detachably attached to the container, and by exchanging nozzles having different shapes and sizes, the shape and size and pattern of the abrasive material layer can be easily changed. Also, by adopting a structure that combines the extruder and the UV irradiator integrally,
Since the abrasive layer material applied to the substrate can be immediately cured, there is no deformation of the abrasive layer, the predetermined shape and dimensions,
The abrasive layer of the pattern can be accurately formed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an abrasive layer forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a state of use of the abrasive layer forming apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of the shape of an extrusion port of a nozzle.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a nozzle attachment / detachment method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Abrasive material layer forming apparatus 10 Extruder 11 Container 11a Screw 11b Slot 12 Nozzle 12a, 12b, 12c Extrusion port 12p Insertion pin 13 Driving device 14 Screw blade 20 UV irradiator 21 Irradiator body 21a Lamp 21b Cold mirror 22 Power supply 30 Fastening band 40 Rotation driving device 41 Rotation shaft 50 Support table 51 Center 60 Supporting and moving device 61 Rotation shaft 62 Moving table 70 Grinding stone 71 Base material 72 Abrasive material layer

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yasumitsu Yonekura 210-chome Takeno, Tanushimaru-cho, Ukiha-gun, Fukuoka Prefecture F-term in Noritake Diamond Co., Ltd. (reference) 3C063 AA02 AB02 BC03 CC24 DD10

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method of forming an abrasive layer of a resinoid whetstone by applying an abrasive layer material obtained by mixing abrasive grains into a liquid ultraviolet curable resin onto a substrate of a grindstone and irradiating ultraviolet rays to cure the resin. Forming an abrasive material layer by extruding the abrasive layer material from an extruder provided with a nozzle having a certain shape and size, applying the material to the substrate, and curing the material by ultraviolet irradiation to form an abrasive material layer; Method. 2. An apparatus for forming an abrasive layer of a resinoid grindstone by applying an abrasive layer material in which abrasive particles are mixed with a liquid ultraviolet-curable resin to a substrate of a grindstone and irradiating with ultraviolet rays to cure the resin. An extruder provided with a container for accommodating the abrasive layer material and a nozzle provided at the tip of the container, and an ultraviolet irradiator for directing the abrasive layer material applied from the extruder to the base material. An apparatus for forming an abrasive material layer of a resinoid whetstone, comprising: 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the nozzle is detachably attached to the container. 4. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said extruder and said ultraviolet irradiator are integrally combined.