JP2000346637A - Method and apparatus for measuring groove shape for piping - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily stereoscopically measure a groove shape of an end face of piping. SOLUTION: The apparatus for measuring a groove shape for piping comprises a two-dimensional displacement sensor 14 for measuring at least one of axial and radial displacements of an end face of piping 10, a rotating means for rotating the sensor 14 along the end face of the piping, an angle detecting means 28 for detecting a rotating angle of the rotating means, and a mounting jig for mounting the rotating means at an end of the piping to rotatably support the rotating means and having a guide member for positioning an inside of the piping to an inner wall of the piping so that the rotating surface of the rotating means crosses perpendicularly to the central axis of the piping 10. Thus, the groove shape can be measured separately for the piping on the ground, and an additional working amount of the groove can be known, and hence the groove can be easily worked.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pipe groove shape measuring apparatus, and particularly to a pipe for measuring and comparing the three-dimensional shape of a joint between pipe end faces when butt welding a pipe at a construction site. The present invention relates to a groove shape measuring device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 19 shows a state in which pipes 10 and 10 are joined to each other. When welding pipes 10 and 10 through which gas or fluid flows at a construction site such as a power plant or a plant, the pipes 10 and 1 are welded before welding the pipes 10 and 10.
A beveling process is performed on the end face of No. 0 to ensure welding. In the case of a pipe having a diameter of 200 (mm) or more, which is a target of the present invention, fusing is used for cutting the pipes 10 and 10, and a grinder is often used for forming a groove. The groove shape at the joint portion of the pipes 10 and 10 generally has the shape shown in FIG. 20, and the dimension tolerance of the groove shape required for welding the pipe joint portion is that the gap G is ± 0.5 ( mm), the inner diameter step Δr1n and the outer diameter step Δr2n, which are differences in groove radius, are ± 0.3.
(Mm), the pipes 10 and 10 to be joined are actually butted with each other to see if there is a step between the pipe groove shapes which have been butted with the naked eye, and whether or not the gap at the joined portions is uniform. It was measured with a gap gauge.

[0003]

However, in the conventional method, it is necessary to rotate the pipes to be actually joined to each other at a predetermined angle and measure them by abutting each other. could not. In addition, since the machining allowance could not be grasped numerically, it was necessary to perform inefficient work, such as performing the machining again after the machining and then measuring and machining. Further, there are many cases where the piping of a power plant or a plant is installed at a high place as shown in FIG. 19, and the repetition of processing and measurement includes lifting and fixing the pipe, measuring at a high place, hanging, and processing. ,
Work that required a lot of man-hours had to be repeated.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a groove shape measuring device for measuring a groove shape of a joint portion when butt-welding pipes, A displacement sensor for measuring at least one of axial displacement and radial displacement of the pipe end face,
A rotation unit for rotating the displacement sensor along a pipe end face; an angle detection unit for detecting a rotation angle of the rotation unit; and a mounting jig for mounting the rotation unit to an end of the pipe. And a guide member for rotatably supporting the rotating means and moving and positioning the rotating surface of the rotating means relative to the pipe wall from the inside or outside of the pipe such that the rotation surface of the rotating means is orthogonal to the center axis of the pipe. And a jig.

According to the present invention, there is provided a displacement sensor for measuring at least one of an axial displacement and a radial displacement of a pipe end face, and a rotating means for rotating the displacement sensor along the pipe end face. An angle detecting means for detecting a rotation angle of the rotating means, and a mounting jig for mounting the rotating means to an end of a pipe, wherein the rotating means is rotatably supported, and Since there is provided a mounting jig having a guide member for moving and positioning relative to the pipe wall of the pipe from the inside or outside of the pipe so that the rotation surface is orthogonal to the center axis of the pipe, measurement of the groove shape is performed on the ground. The pipes can be formed separately, and the additional work of the groove can be known, so that the processing of the groove becomes easy.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 2 or 3 comprises means for obtaining a distance from the rotation center position of the displacement sensor to the origin of the displacement sensor, and a means for determining the distance from the rotation center position of the displacement sensor. At a plurality of rotation angles from the distance to the origin of the sensor, the axial displacement and the radial displacement of the pipe end face measured by the displacement sensor, and the rotation angle when the displacement sensor is rotated along the pipe end face. It is characterized by comprising means for calculating the height, the outer diameter, and the inner diameter of the groove, of the pipe end face, and display means for displaying the calculation result.

According to the present invention, means for determining a distance from the rotation center position of the displacement sensor to the origin of the displacement sensor, a distance from the rotation center position of the displacement sensor to the origin of the displacement sensor, and measurement by the displacement sensor The height, outer diameter, and inner diameter of the groove at a plurality of rotation angles from the axial displacement and the radial displacement of the pipe end face, and the rotation angle when the displacement sensor is rotated along the pipe end face. Is provided, and the display means for displaying the result of the calculation makes it possible to easily and accurately know the groove shape, outer diameter, and axial displacement of the pipe end face in the pipe end face.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the second or third aspect, a means for calculating an outer diameter and an inner diameter of a groove includes a rotation angle and a plurality of angles. At least one type of data among the discrete value data of the height of the pipe end face at the rotation angle, the outer diameter or the inner diameter of the groove is approximated or interpolated by a straight line or a curve, and the pipe end face at the angle between the respective discrete value data Means for obtaining at least one type of data among the height, outer diameter, and groove inner diameter data.

According to the present invention, the means for calculating the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the groove include at least one of the discrete values of the height, outer diameter, or inner diameter of the groove at the rotation angle and the plurality of rotation angles. Means of approximating or interpolating one type of data with a straight line or a curve to obtain at least one type of data among the height, outer diameter, and groove inner diameter data of the pipe end surface at an angle between the discrete value data. Is provided, it is possible to handle the shape of the pipe end face as continuous data with a small number of measurement points, and it is possible to easily compare a plurality of measured pipe end face shapes.

In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 5 is a groove shape measuring method for measuring a groove shape of a joint portion when butt-welding pipes, The groove shape measuring device according to claim 1 is attached to a first pipe, and the displacement sensor is rotated to a plurality of rotation positions. At each rotation position, an axial displacement of the end face of the first pipe from the displacement sensor is determined. At least one of radial displacements is taken in, the groove shape measuring device of claim 1 is attached to a second pipe abutted with the first pipe, and the displacement sensor is rotated to a plurality of rotational positions. At each rotation position, at least one of the axial displacement and the radial displacement of the end face of the second pipe is captured from the displacement sensor, and the first and the second captured at each rotation position. The groove gap, the outer diameter step and the inner diameter step when the first and second pipes are butted are obtained and displayed based on at least one of the axial displacement and the radial displacement of the end face of the second pipe. And

According to the present invention, the groove shape measuring device according to claim 1 is attached to a first pipe, the displacement sensor is rotated to a plurality of rotation positions, and the displacement sensor is moved from the displacement sensor to the first pipe at each rotation position. Capturing at least one of an axial displacement and a radial displacement of the end face of the end face, attaching the groove shape measuring device according to claim 1 to a second pipe abutted with the first pipe, and mounting the displacement sensor. While rotating to a plurality of rotation positions, at each rotation position, at least one of the axial displacement and the radial displacement of the end face of the second pipe is taken in from the displacement sensor at each rotation position. A groove gap at the time of abutment of the first and second pipes based on at least one of an axial displacement and a radial displacement of an end face of the second pipe;
Since the outer diameter step and the inner diameter step are determined, the groove shape can be measured separately between the pipes on the ground, and the additional processing time of the groove can be known, so that the groove processing is facilitated.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, in addition to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the axial displacement of the end faces of the first and second pipes taken in at each rotational position. And at least one of the displacement in the radial direction, the groove gap at the time of abutment of the first and second pipes, at least one of the outer diameter step and the inner diameter step is obtained,
Move or rotate the coordinate values of the end faces of the first and second pipes in a direction parallel to the end faces of the pipes so that at least one of the groove gap, the outer diameter step, and the inner diameter step is minimized over the entire circumference. Is characterized in that at least one of the calculations is performed.

According to the present invention, the coordinate values of the end faces of the first and second pipes are adjusted in a direction parallel to the end faces of the pipes so that at least one of the outer diameter step and the inner diameter step is minimized over the entire circumference. Since the calculation of at least one of the movement and the rotation is performed, the work of correcting the groove shape can be minimized.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of a pipe groove shape measuring apparatus and method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a measurement state in which a measuring device mechanism according to the present invention is attached to a cut surface of a pipe end surface to be measured.

At the end face joint portion of the pipe 10, a welding groove is formed for securely welding and joining the pipe. The two-dimensional displacement sensor 14 of the groove shape measuring device 12
The laser beam spot 16 is irradiated while scanning the edge of the opening of the pipe 10 to measure the two-dimensional shape of the groove of the opening of the pipe 10. The two-dimensional displacement sensor 14 is an arm 1 that can be extended in a radial direction (a direction B in FIG. 1) with respect to a sensor rotation axis A that is a rotation axis of a rotation unit in the groove shape measuring device 12.
8 according to the diameter of the pipe 10.
The measurement position of the dimensional displacement sensor 14 can be adjusted.
Reference numeral 20 denotes a rotating block which holds a sliding portion of the arm 18 and rotates about a rotation axis A of the sensor. The clamp lever 22 is a handle for fixing the extension slide of the arm 18 during measurement. The method of fixing the sensor rotation axis A in the rotation direction at the time of measurement is achieved by dropping the tip of the plunger 26 into the positioning hole 24.
The positioning holes 24 are provided around the sensor rotation axis A by the number of measurement points. In a normal state, the plunger 26 is configured to be pushed in the direction of the positioning hole by the force of a spring (not shown), so that the rotation of the sensor rotation axis A is restricted. When the position of the sensor 14 is rotated around the sensor rotation axis A after the measurement at one measurement point, the knob of the plunger 26 is pulled out, the tip of the plunger 26 is pulled out from the positioning hole 24, and the rotation block 20 is rotatable. Become.

On the outer periphery of the upper part of the center mount 30,
A rotating ring 32 to which a rotating knob 31 is attached is provided rotatably, and a plurality of claws 34, 3, 3 are radiated from the side surface of the cylindrical center mount 30.
4 and 34 (three sets are provided in the example of FIG. 1, but two or more sets may be provided), and are supported so as to be movable radially with respect to the rotation axis A. When the rotating ring 32 is rotated with respect to the center mount 30, a spiral gear (not shown) provided on the lower surface of the rotating ring 32 and each of the claws 34.
With the action of the teeth 37 provided on the upper surface of the
4 and 34 simultaneously slide radially with respect to the rotation axis A to enter and exit.

Each of the claws 34 has an inner wall abutting portion 35 for pressing the inner wall of the pipe 10 from the inside, and the rotating shaft A is perpendicular to the end face of the pipe 10 by pressing against the end face of the pipe 10. And an end face contact portion 36 for positioning as described above. Center mount 3 configured as above
By rotating the 0 rotation ring 32, the groove shape measuring device 12 is easily attached to and detached from the end face of the pipe 10, and the rotation axis A of the groove shape measuring apparatus 12 is orthogonal to the end face of the pipe 10. It is possible to fix to. According to the groove shape measuring device 12 for pipes of the present invention, even if the pipe 10 has an elbow shape bent near the opening of the pipe 10, the rotation axis A of the groove shape measuring device 12 can be adjusted. Piping 10
Can be fixed so as to be orthogonal to the end face. When the groove shape measuring device 12 is mounted on the pipe 10, the origin mark 38 provided on the claw 34 serving as the origin about the rotation axis A and the origin mark 40 (written between the pipes 10) The groove shape measuring device 12 is fixed so that the matching points of interest coincide.

At the center of the center mount 30, a bearing (not shown) is provided for rotating the sensor rotation shaft A, and holds a shaft (not shown) fixed to the rotation block 20. The shaft of the angle detecting means 28 is connected to the rear end of the shaft via a coupling (not shown). The angle detecting means in this embodiment uses an optical rotary encoder which is generally commercially available. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any angle detecting device that can read an angle can detect an angle of only a scale. The purpose is achieved even by means. The stator (case) of the angle detecting means 28 is fixed to a center mount 30, and the angle detecting means 28 detects an angle difference between the center mount and the rotating block 20.

FIG. 2 shows a configuration diagram of an information processing unit of the pipe groove shape measuring apparatus according to the present invention. Two-dimensional displacement sensor 1
The two-dimensional shape information obtained in step 4 is processed by the sensor control unit 50. The two-dimensional displacement sensor 14 is a triangulation type laser beam sensor, and is a vertical direction (Z
A two-dimensional displacement sensor capable of measuring the height displacement in the radial direction (r direction) while measuring the displacement of the height in the radial direction (r direction) of the pipe 10 while measuring the displacement of the height in the radial direction (r direction). is there. The sensor control unit 50 controls the two-dimensional displacement sensor 14 and has a function of processing a signal from the two-dimensional displacement sensor 14, a function of displaying the signal, and a function of communicating with the host computer 52.

The position pulse from the angle detecting means 28 is sent to a counter card 54 and converted into position data.
The counter card 54 can perform setting, resetting, and data reading of the counter in response to a command from the host computer 52. The three-dimensional shape of the pipe end face joint can be grasped by the above-mentioned device. In the above example, arm 1
Although the description has been given of an example in which a slide type adjustment mechanism is provided in the mechanism for adjusting the length of the sensor rotation axis A and the position of the sensor 8, a mechanism in which a plurality of mounting holes are opened and the stepwise adjustment is possible may be considered.

An embodiment using a groove shape measuring device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of the entire measurement. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, in step 131, the end face of the master pipe 60 is measured to calibrate the pipe groove shape measuring device 12. Then step 1
The end face of the first pipe is measured at 34 and then at step 137
Then, the end face of the second pipe to be welded to the first pipe is measured. When the measurement is completed, the first is
The second pipe measurement result is displayed, and the operator corrects the groove shape of the pipe connection based on the display result. Before and after the measurement, mounting adjustment and removal of the pipe groove shape measuring device 12 are performed.

First, in order to obtain a dimension LA corresponding to the length of the arm 18 shown in FIG. 2, the diameter is substantially equal to the pipe to be measured, the outer diameter is measured in advance, and the roundness is within a specified range. In order to measure the inside of the master tube 60 (see FIG. 5A), an operation of attaching the groove shape measuring device to the master tube 60 (Step 130 in FIG. 3) is performed. FIG. 5 (A)
As shown in FIG.
When the rotating ring 32 is rotated with respect to the center mount 30 after placing, the claws 34, 34, and 34 simultaneously rotate the rotation axis A.
The claws 34, 34, and 34 press the inner wall of the pipe 10 from the inside, and the groove shape measuring device 12 is fixed to the end face of the pipe 10. In this state, the rotation axis A of the groove shape measuring device 12 is located substantially at the center of the master tube 60. Next, the arm 18 is slid so that the end face of the master tube 60 enters the entire scanning range of the laser beam spot 16 of the two-dimensional displacement sensor 14, and the positional relationship with the rotary block 20 is adjusted.

Next, the measurement of the master tube 60 shown in step 131 of FIG. 3 is performed. Details of step 131 in FIG.
It is shown in When the setting of the groove shape measuring device 12 to the master pipe 60 is completed, the host computer 52 is instructed to measure the master pipe 60, and at step 140, the master pipe 60 is measured.
Enter the outside diameter of. Thereafter, steps 141 and 142
The outer diameter portion LMn (subscript n is the number of the measurement point) of the master tube is measured at three or more points in a wide range as possible. The arm angle measured by the angle detecting means 28 and the data measured by the two-dimensional displacement sensor 14 are stored in steps 143 and 144.
Is processed independently. When the data received from the two-dimensional displacement sensor 14 is subjected to processing such as smoothing in the sensor control unit 50 in step 145, the two-dimensional shape shown in the graph shown on the display unit of the sensor control unit 50 in FIG. Is obtained. The horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 5A indicates the distance from the origin of the two-dimensional displacement sensor 14, and the vertical axis indicates the height of the end face of the master tube 60. Further, data is sent to the host computer 52 in order to make it easier to determine the position LMn of the outer diameter portion of the master tube 60, where the two-dimensional shape obtained by the sensor control unit 50 is differentiated twice by LM in step 146. 5 (B). In the edge determination in step 147, the point at which the height differential value Z ″ rises from negative to positive in FIG. 5B is defined as LMn. The outside of the master tube 60 obtained by repeatedly measuring at each angle in this manner. The arrangement of points at the radial position is shown in Fig. 6. In Fig. 6, the length LA of the arm is shown.
And the position differences aM and bM between the sensor rotation center A and the center position OM of the master tube 60 are unknown, but the values of LMn at three or more measurement points and the outer diameter DM of the master tube 60 stored in advance are Can determine an unknown (step 150). The length LA of the arm obtained here is stored in the storage means (step 151). Since the length LA of the arm is used in the calculation after the measurement, the amount of extension of the arm 18 with respect to the rotary block 20 must not be changed until the end face measurement of the first pipe and the second pipe is completed. If the extension amount of the arm 18 with respect to the block 20 is changed, the master tube is measured again to obtain a new arm length LA.

When the length LA of the arm is known in advance, the calibration operation need not be performed only by inputting and storing the known length LA of the arm in the storage device.
Next, the end face measurement of the first pipe 10 described in step 133 and subsequent steps in FIG. 3 is performed. In step 133, the first
After the origin mark 40 of the pipe 10 is matched with the origin of the groove shape measuring device, the groove shape measuring device 12 is attached to the first pipe opening in the same manner as when the opening end face of the master tube 60 is measured. When the setting is completed, the two-dimensional displacement sensor 14 is rotated around the sensor rotation axis A, and the measurement point is set to the pipe 10.
To the position of the origin mark 40.

When the setting is completed, the routine proceeds to step 134. Step 134: first piping measurement;
7 is the same as the second piping measurement method, and details are shown in FIG. When performing the pipe end face measurement, the host computer 52 is instructed to measure the first pipe 10. Thereafter, Ld1mn (subscript m indicates a measurement point in the radial direction of the pipe 10 and subscript n indicates a measurement point on the circumference) of the first pipe shown in Steps 181 and 182 of FIG. Measure at 8 points at the above determined angle. In this example, eight points are measured, but data analysis is possible if there are three or more measurement points on the same circumference. The arm angle measured by the angle detecting means 28 and the data measured by the two-dimensional displacement sensor 14 are processed independently in steps 183 and 184. In step 185, when the data received from the two-dimensional displacement sensor 14 is subjected to processing such as smoothing by the sensor control unit 50, the data shown in the graph shown in the display section of the sensor control unit 50 in FIG. A dimensional shape is obtained. The horizontal axis of FIG. 8A indicates the distance from the origin of the two-dimensional displacement sensor 14,
The vertical axis represents the height of the end face of the first pipe 10. Further, in step 186, in order to easily determine the outer diameter portion Ld11n of the first pipe 10 and the position Ld12n of the groove inner diameter edge,
When the two-dimensional shape data obtained by the sensor control unit 50 is transmitted to the host computer 52 and differentiated by Ld, the result is as shown in FIG. Further, by further differentiating, data shown in FIG. 8C is obtained. Step 187
In the edge judgment of (2), the second point from the origin direction of the point where the differential value Z ″ P of the height data of the end face of the pipe 10 in FIG.
Then, measurements at other measurement points are determined, and data at each angle is obtained. In step 189, the point Ld12n of the outer diameter position of the first pipe 10 obtained in this way is determined by the angle detection means 28.
The calculation of the arrangement with θn obtained by the above is integrated. FIG.
(A), at arbitrary measurement points l, m, n (l is a pipe number, m is a measurement point in the radial direction of the pipe 10, and n is a measurement point on the circumference of the pipe 10). X and Y coordinate values obtained
(B) shows. In FIG. 9A, the sensor rotation center A
Aw and bW between the center position Ow of the first pipe 10 and the center position Ow.
Is an unknown, but the unknown can be determined from the values of the outer diameter Ld12n at three or more measurement points and the length LA of the arm stored in advance (step 190). If the number of measurement points is three, calculation is performed using a circle passing through the three measurement points. If the number of measurement points is four or more, an optimal circle is calculated using a method such as the least square method. The coordinate origin of the measurement point is shifted from A to OW using the obtained aW and bW. FIG. 9C shows the X, Y coordinate values at the measurement points l, m, n when the coordinate origin is converted to OW. Further, when the measurement point is converted into the r, θ coordinate system, the coordinates of the measurement point have the values shown in FIG. In the groove shape measuring device 12 according to the present invention, since the setting of the measuring device is facilitated, the aW,
Since there is a shift of bW, the measurement point 1 at the position of the origin mark 40 also has an angle of θ1 as shown in FIG. Therefore, θ1 is subtracted from θn of all the measurement points, and the angle θ of the other measurement points is represented by a relative angle with the measurement point 1 as the origin of the angle 0.

Next, data processing in the height direction will be described. Data Zpmax of the maximum value (the position closest to the two-dimensional displacement sensor 14) among the data Zpln in the height direction is defined as:
With this value as height = 0 (mm), all height data are Z
The data is shifted by calculating ln = Zpmax-Zpln. The thus obtained r1mn and θn of each measurement point and the height Zln at each measurement point are stored in a storage device in the host computer 52.

FIG. 10 shows an example in which the stored discrete values of r and θ are linearly interpolated and displayed on the host computer screen. In the example of FIG. 10, circles showing the values of rl11 and rl21
The error of the data rl1n and rl2n of the measurement point at each angle is shown in an enlarged manner. FIG. 11 is a diagram in which the horizontal axis is the angle θ (°) of each measurement point, and the vertical axis is rl1, rl2, Zl, and the discrete value data is linearly interpolated to enlarge the error as in FIG. is there. In FIGS. 10 and 11, the data at each measurement point is connected by a straight line, but may be connected by a quadratic or higher-order curve, or an approximated curve may be displayed using a method such as the least square method. In addition, by obtaining data between the point sequences measured in this way, it is possible to perform an operation to find the state where the pipes are in the optimal joint state by slightly shifting the reference angle of the end face shape of multiple pipes Becomes

In the same manner as the end face measurement of the first pipe,
The end face measurement of the second pipe shown in step 137 of FIG. 3 is performed. The r2mn, .theta.n of each measurement point and the height Z2n at each measurement point obtained in the same manner are stored in a storage device in the host computer 52 and displayed. Next, the calculation and display of the dimensional difference when the first and second pipes are assumed to be joined will be described with reference to FIG. 12 which is a detailed view of step 139 in FIG. First, in step 221 in FIG. 12, in order to obtain a radius difference Δr1 at an angle θ1 °,
The outer radius r211 of the second pipe is subtracted from the outer radius r111 of the first pipe. Next, ΔZ1 corresponding to the gap is calculated from the data in the height direction. ΔZ1 can be represented by Z11 + Z21. When the calculation is completed, it is determined in step 223 whether the calculation is to be performed at the next angle n + 1. If the calculation is to be performed in n + 1, n + 1 is substituted for n in step 224, and then the calculation is performed again in step 221. When all calculations have been completed, the process proceeds to step 225, where the measurement and calculation results are displayed. FIGS. 13, 14, and 15 show display examples of calculation results. FIG. 13 is a diagram in which the error at each angle between the radius data 71 of the first pipe and the radius data 72 of the second pipe is enlarged and superimposed, and the maximum value of the error in each direction is numerically displayed. I have. In particular, as shown in FIG.
If it is considered that the error at the time of joining is considered to decrease when the pipe and the second pipe are rotated by about 90 ° relative to each other, the apparatus has a function of rotating and examining the data by an arbitrary angle on the display screen. When it is instructed to shift the display angle in step 226 in FIG. 12, the process proceeds to step 227, and the angle to be shifted is input. Steps 221, 223, and 2 again
After calculating all Δrmn and ΔZn in 24, they are displayed in step 225. In this description, the operator determines and inputs the shift angle while looking at the display screen. However, the convergence calculation is performed so that the sum of the absolute values of the radius differences Δrmn at each angle is minimized, and the shift is automatically performed. It is also possible to find the optimum angle as much as possible. Then, when the connection surface of the pipe is rotated, it is determined whether or not the dimension of the groove shape falls within an allowable value.

FIG. 14 shows the height data Z1n of the first pipe.
And the error at each angle of the radius data Z2n of the second pipe is enlarged and plotted, and the maximum value is displayed numerically. FIG.
FIG. 5 shows an example in which the calculated Δr1, Δr2, and ΔZ are represented by a graph of the angle θ on the horizontal axis. The groove is machined based on the groove shapes of the end faces of the first and second pipes to be joined measured and obtained as described above, and the respective pipes are welded.

In the above description, an example was shown in which the end face shape of the cut end of the pipe 10 was calculated as a circle, but as shown below, the end face shape of the cut end of the pipe 10 was calculated assuming an elliptical shape. Is also good. FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing another embodiment of the piping shape measuring apparatus and method according to the present invention.

According to the figure, when the shape measurement of the pipe 10 is started in step 200, dimensional information and angle information are obtained from the two-dimensional displacement sensor 14 and the angle detecting means 28 in step 201. In step 202, the dimensions of the radius and height of the groove shape are generated from the two-dimensional waveform of the two-dimensional displacement sensor 14. In step 203, (X, Z) coordinate data of the position for the inner diameter step and the outer diameter step groove GAP is automatically extracted from the dimensions of the groove shape obtained in step 202. Next, in step 204, the coordinate value obtained in step 203 using the length r from the rotation center A of the jig in consideration of the length of the arm 18 at the time of measurement and the rotation angle θ from the measurement start point is calculated. Expressed as a provisional position.

In step 205, the center of the ellipse is determined assuming that the measurement position is on the ellipse. The center of this ellipse is
In FIG. 9A, it corresponds to OW. Then, using this OW as a new center, in step 206, the length r from the ellipse center OW and the rotation angle θ from the measurement start point are used in step 20.
The coordinate values obtained in step 4 are converted. Then, in step 207, the calculation result obtained in step 206 is stored.

In step 208, the difference between the groove shapes of the end faces of the first and second pipes stored is calculated. In the next step 209, the difference between the groove shapes of the end faces of the first pipe and the second pipe obtained in step 208 is displayed to inform the operator. When the display is completed in step 208, the process proceeds to step 210 "END", and this routine ends.

FIG. 17 is a view showing another display example of the pipe shape measurement result of the groove shape measuring apparatus according to the present invention. In the figure, the horizontal axis represents the angle θ (°) of each measurement point, and the vertical axis represents the inner diameter steps Δr1 and Δr2, and the error is enlarged and displayed. The display screen shown in FIG. 17 includes a result display tab 300 for selecting a screen for displaying a measurement result, a pipe 1 selection button 302 and a pipe 2 selection button 304 for selecting a pipe for the measurement result, a location and a name of the pipe. Pipe name boxes 306, 306 for writing pipe names to identify the pipes, and memo boxes 308, 30 for writing comments and memos.
8, a graph tab 310 for selecting a mode for displaying a graph of the inner / outer diameter step and the groove gap with the horizontal axis being the angle θ (°) of each measurement point, and a display item of the inner / outer diameter step and the groove gap. A spin button 312 for selection is provided.

On the display screen, a calculation button 314 for starting execution of calculation and a graph print button 316 for instructing printing of a graph displayed on a printer or the like are displayed.
Read result button 31 for instructing reading of measurement results
8 and a save button 320 for saving the calculated result
And an end button 322 for instructing the end of the pipe groove shape measurement program.

In the method of displaying the contents of FIG. 3, after selecting the result display tab 300, select the graph tab 310,
By typing the pipe name in the pipe name boxes 306 and 306 and selecting the spin button 312 for the inner and outer diameter steps, a graph of the inner and outer diameter steps of Δr1 and Δr2 shown in the figure is displayed. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing another display example of the pipe shape measurement result of the groove shape measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the stored inner diameter step Δr1 and r, θ.
An example is shown in which the polar coordinate values of are displayed on the host computer screen. In addition to the buttons and the text box described with reference to FIG. 17, the figure includes a graphic tab 324 and a spin button 326 for selecting display items of the inner diameter step and the outer diameter step.

In the method of displaying the contents of the same figure, after selecting the result display tab 300, select the graphic tab 324, type the pipe name in the pipe name boxes 306, 306, and select the spin button 326 of the inner diameter step. By doing so, the inner diameter step of Δr1 shown in the figure is displayed in polar coordinates.

[0039]

As described above, according to the pipe groove shape measuring apparatus of the present invention, a displacement sensor for measuring at least one of an axial displacement and a radial displacement of a pipe end face is provided. A rotating means for rotating the displacement sensor along the pipe end face, an angle detecting means for detecting a rotation angle of the rotating means, and a mounting jig for mounting the rotating means to an end of the pipe. And a guide member for rotatably supporting the rotating means and moving and positioning the rotating surface of the rotating means relative to the pipe wall from the inside or outside of the pipe such that the rotating surface of the rotating means is orthogonal to the central axis of the pipe. Since the mounting jig is provided, the groove shape can be measured separately from each other on the ground, and the additional processing amount of the groove can be known, so that the groove processing is facilitated.

The pipe groove shape measuring device may further comprise means for determining a distance from the rotation center position of the displacement sensor to the origin of the displacement sensor, and a distance from the rotation center position of the displacement sensor to the origin of the displacement sensor. The height of the pipe end face at a plurality of rotation angles from the axial displacement and the radial displacement of the pipe end face measured by the displacement sensor, and the rotation angle when the displacement sensor is rotated along the pipe end face. By providing a means for calculating the diameter and the inner diameter of the groove and a display means for displaying the calculation result, it is possible to easily and accurately know the groove shape of the pipe end face, the outer diameter and the axial displacement of the pipe end face. Can be.

In the pipe groove shape measuring device, the means for calculating the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the groove include discrete values of the height of the pipe end face, the outer diameter, or the inner diameter of the groove at a plurality of rotation angles. At least one kind of value data is approximated or interpolated by a straight line or a curve, and at least one kind of data of height, outer diameter, and inner diameter of a groove at an angle between the discrete value data is provided. Is provided, the shape of the pipe end face can be handled as continuous data with a small number of measurement points, and it is possible to easily compare a plurality of measured pipe end face shapes.

The groove shape measuring method for piping according to the present invention is a groove shape measuring method for measuring a groove shape of a joint portion when butt-welding pipes. A first groove shape measuring device is attached to a first pipe, the displacement sensor is rotated to a plurality of rotation positions, and an axial displacement and a radial direction of an end face of the first pipe from the displacement sensor at each rotation position. Captures at least one of the displacements, attaches the groove shape measuring device of claim 1 to a second pipe abutted with the first pipe, and rotates the displacement sensor to a plurality of rotation positions. At the rotation position, at least one of the axial displacement and the radial displacement of the end face of the second pipe is taken in from the displacement sensor, and the first and second taken in at each rotation position are taken. Since the groove gap, the outer diameter step and the inner diameter step when the first and second pipes are butted are determined and displayed based on at least one of the axial displacement and the radial displacement of the end face of the pipe, The groove shape can be measured separately from each other on the ground, and the additional work of the groove can be known.

Further, in the method for measuring the groove shape for piping, the coordinate values of the end faces of the first and second piping are set so that at least one of the outer diameter step and the inner diameter step is minimized over the entire circumference. Since at least one calculation of movement or rotation is performed in a direction parallel to the end face, the work of correcting the groove shape can be minimized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a measurement state in which a groove shape measuring device mechanism according to the present invention is attached to a pipe to be measured.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state in which a groove shape measuring device mechanism according to the present invention is attached to a pipe to be measured and a configuration of an information processing unit.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the entire measuring method of the groove shape measuring apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a method of measuring a master pipe end face of the groove shape measuring apparatus according to the present invention.

5A is a perspective view showing a method of measuring a master pipe end face of the groove shape measuring apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 5B is a view showing a display example of a sensor control unit. FIG. 5B is a view showing a groove shape measuring method according to the present invention. The figure which shows the example of the result of differentiating twice the two-dimensional data of the master pipe end face of a device.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing measurement points on an end face of a master pipe of the groove shape measuring apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a method of measuring a pipe end surface of the groove shape measuring apparatus according to the present invention.

8A is a perspective view showing a method of measuring a pipe end surface of a groove shape measuring device according to the present invention, and FIG. 8B is a diagram showing a display example of a sensor control unit. FIG. 8B is a diagram showing a groove shape measuring device according to the present invention. (C) is a diagram showing an example of the result obtained by differentiating the two-dimensional data of the master tube end face twice in the groove shape measuring apparatus according to the present invention.

9 (A) is a diagram showing measurement points on the pipe end face of the groove shape measuring apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 9 (B) is an X, Y coordinate value with the origin of measurement point lmn at A. FIG. X and Y coordinate values with the origin of lm at lm as the origin (D) r and θ coordinate values with the origin of OW at the measurement point lmn

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a display example of a pipe shape measurement result of the groove shape measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a display example of a pipe shape measurement result of the groove shape measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 shows first and second embodiments of the groove shape measuring apparatus according to the present invention.
Flow chart showing the method of displaying pipe measurement results

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a display example of a pipe shape measurement result of the groove shape measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a display example of a pipe shape measurement result of the groove shape measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a display example of a pipe shape measurement result of the groove shape measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing another embodiment of the piping shape measuring method according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing another display example of the pipe shape measurement result of the groove shape measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing another display example of the pipe shape measurement result of the groove shape measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a state in which pipes are butted;

FIG. 20 is a sectional view showing a butt state and a groove shape of a pipe.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Piping, 12 ... Groove shape measuring device, 14 ... Two-dimensional displacement sensor, 16 ... Laser beam spot, 18 ... Arm, 20 ... Rotating block, 22 ... Clamp lever, 24
... Positioning holes, 28 ... Angle detecting means, 52 ... Host computer

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Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A pipe groove shape measuring device for measuring a groove shape of a joint portion when butting and welding pipes with each other, comprising: an axial displacement and a radial displacement of a pipe end face. A displacement sensor for measuring at least one of the above, a rotating unit for rotating the displacement sensor along a pipe end surface, an angle detecting unit for detecting a rotation angle of the rotating unit, and a piping for the rotating unit. A mounting jig for mounting to the end of the, while rotatably supporting the rotating means,
And a mounting jig having a guide member for moving and positioning relative to the pipe wall from the inside or outside of the pipe so that the rotation surface of the rotating means is orthogonal to the center axis of the pipe. Groove shape measuring device. 2. A means for determining a distance from the rotation center position of the displacement sensor to the origin of the displacement sensor; a distance from the rotation center position of the displacement sensor to the origin of the displacement sensor; and a pipe end surface measured by the displacement sensor. The height, outer diameter and inner diameter of the groove at a plurality of rotation angles are calculated from the axial displacement and the radial displacement of the pipe and the rotation angle when the displacement sensor is rotated along the pipe end face. The groove shape measuring device for piping according to claim 1, further comprising: means, and display means for displaying the calculation result. 3. The means for calculating the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the groove includes: a pipe end face based on the measured radius data from the rotation center and rotation angle data when the displacement sensor is rotated around the rotation center. Means for calculating the center position of the shape, and converting the measured radius data from the rotation center and the rotation angle data into the calculated radius data from the center of the pipe end surface shape and the rotation angle data. The groove shape measuring device for piping according to claim 2, characterized in that: 4. The means for calculating the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the groove includes at least one of discrete value data of the height, outer diameter, or inner diameter of the groove at the rotation angle and a plurality of rotation angles. Approximate or interpolate the data of a straight line or curve,
4. The apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising means for obtaining at least one kind of data among the data of the height, the outer diameter, and the inner diameter of the groove at the angle between the discrete value data. Groove shape measuring device for piping. 5. A groove shape measuring method for measuring a groove shape of a joint portion when butting and welding pipes to each other, comprising: Attaching to the pipe, rotating the displacement sensor to a plurality of rotation positions, and taking in at least one of an axial displacement and a radial displacement of an end face of the first pipe from the displacement sensor at each rotation position; The groove shape measuring device for pipes according to item 1 is attached to a second pipe abutted with the first pipe, and the displacement sensor is rotated to a plurality of rotation positions. The axial displacement and the radial displacement of the end faces of the first and second pipes, which are taken in at least one of the axial displacement and the radial displacement of the end face of the pipe at each rotation position. A groove shape measurement method for a pipe, comprising: obtaining and displaying a groove gap, an outer diameter step, and an inner diameter step when the first and second pipes are butted based on at least one of the displacements in the directions. 6. A method for abutting the first and second pipes based on at least one of axial displacement and radial displacement of end faces of the first and second pipes taken in at each of the rotation positions. The groove gap, the outer diameter step and the inner diameter step are obtained, and the first and the second are so determined that at least one of the groove gap, the outer diameter step and the inner diameter step is minimized over the entire circumference. 6. The pipe groove shape measuring method according to claim 5, wherein the coordinate value of the end face of the pipe is moved or rotated in a direction parallel to the end face of the pipe.