JP2000345879A - Mechanical governor device of engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify a structure and to miniaturize the whole engine by arranging a mechanical governor mechanism in a space by making use of a previously mounted rotary shaft required to drive the engine. SOLUTION: This device is connected to a crankshaft 4 of an engine 1 through gears 17, 18, and balancer weights 19, 20 are integrally rotatably mounted on both ends of a balancer shaft 15 to be rotated by being interlocked. A centrifugal governor mechanism 22 having balls 25 to be moved outward in the radial direction by centrifugal force is provided in a space between the balancer weights 19, 20 on the balancer shaft 15.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an engine governor device for controlling the opening and closing of an exhaust valve, controlling the throttle, and controlling the direction of the nozzle of a water jet pump of a personal watercraft in relation to the rotational speed of the engine. More particularly, the present invention relates to a mechanical governor device that is operated by using a rotating force of a rotating shaft that is interlocked with rotation of a crankshaft.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a prior art of this type of mechanical governor, there is an apparatus described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-6420. This device has a structure in which a shaft dedicated to a governor that rotates in conjunction with a crankshaft is rotatably disposed, and two governor mechanisms that operate by centrifugal force are arranged on the governor shaft. As described above, the governor mechanism generally has a dedicated governor shaft and is disposed on the shaft.

[0003]

However, as described above, the structure in which the dedicated governor shaft is provided and the governor mechanism is disposed therein requires an extra space for providing the governor shaft, and the entire engine is required. In addition to hindering the downsizing of the engine, it requires the installation of a drive gear for rotating in conjunction with the crankshaft and an oil lubrication chamber for smoothly driving the governor mechanism, which complicates the structure. .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has a structure in which a mechanical governor mechanism is disposed in a space using a rotating shaft which is necessary and is provided in advance for driving an engine. To provide a mechanical governor device for an engine, which can simplify the entire engine and reduce the size of the entire engine.

[0005]

To achieve the above object, a mechanical governor device for an engine according to the present invention is connected to a crankshaft of the engine via a gear and both ends of a balancer shaft which rotates in conjunction therewith. And a centrifugal governor mechanism including a balancer weight, which is rotatably mounted on the balancer shaft, and a centrifugal member such as a ball or a roller which moves radially outward by centrifugal force in a space between the balancer weights on the balancer shaft. It is characterized by having provided.

According to the mechanical governor device for an engine of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure, the balancer shaft for smoothing the rotation of the engine is provided with the balancer weights at both ends, so that the balancer weight having the minimum necessary weight is provided. The balance effect is effectively exerted. A mechanical governor mechanism for controlling an engine or the like is provided in a space that would otherwise be wasted space at an intermediate position in the axial direction of the balancer shaft. Compared to a method in which a governor shaft is provided and a governor mechanism is installed therein, the structure is simplified, the number of parts is reduced, and the governor mechanism can be operated using the rotational force of the balancer shaft, Extra space is reduced, and the entire engine is made compact.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the driving gear on the balancer shaft is disposed in a sealed oil lubrication chamber, and the centrifugal governor mechanism is disposed in the oil lubrication chamber. It is desirable to lubricate the oil.

The mechanical governor device according to the second aspect of the present invention includes a centrifugal governor mechanism that operates by converting a rotational force generated when the balancer shaft rotates during operation of the engine into a centrifugal force via a centrifugal member. The centrifugal member smoothly moves in the radial direction according to the rotation speed of the balancer shaft in a wet atmosphere in the oil lubrication chamber, and generates an operating force as a governor mechanism. On the other hand, since the balancer weight rotates in a dry atmosphere outside the oil lubrication chamber, there is no resistance at the time of oil agitation, the rotation resistance is reduced, and the balancer weight rotates smoothly to smooth the rotation of the engine.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a governor device, wherein an exhaust valve is provided in an exhaust port above a cylinder of a two-stroke engine so as to be openable and closable, and the intake port is diagonally interposed with the exhaust port across the cylinder. Is provided in the crankcase, a reed valve is disposed in the intake port, a balancer shaft is rotatably provided in parallel with the crankshaft below the reed valve, and on the balancer shaft, below the reed valve. A mechanical governor mechanism is provided, and the opening and closing operation of the exhaust valve is performed using the operating force of the mechanical governor mechanism.

In the mechanical governor device for an engine according to the third aspect of the present invention, the exhaust efficiency is improved by opening an exhaust valve in an exhaust port at an upper portion of a cylinder of the two-stroke engine when the rotation speed of the engine reaches a predetermined speed. , And engine performance is maximized. In other words, by opening the exhaust valve when the rotation speed of the engine reaches the predetermined speed, the timing of opening the exhaust port is advanced, the engine becomes a high rotation type, and the output in the high rotation range of the engine is improved. . In addition, a relatively large space is used for the installation location of the reed valve in the intake port of the crankcase, and a large space is created below the reed valve, but the governor mechanism is provided in this large space, so the space is used effectively. Is done. In particular, the intake port and the exhaust port are arranged diagonally across the cylinder, and the governor mechanism is arranged below the intake port, so that the engine can be finished compact as a whole.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the centrifugal governor mechanism is provided with a rotating shaft rotated by the operating force, and the opening and closing operation of the exhaust valve is performed by rotating another rotating shaft. Pulleys can be mounted on the shafts so as to be integrally rotatable, and the pulleys can be connected by wires.

According to the mechanical governor device of the fourth aspect, the operating force of the centrifugal governor mechanism is converted into a rotational force, and the exhaust valve is opened and closed by the rotational force rotating through the wire and the pulley by rotating the pulley. Therefore, the opening and closing operation is stable and the exhaust valve is opened and closed smoothly, and the opening and closing control is performed with high accuracy.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the governor device for an engine of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a two-stroke engine provided with a governor device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the governor mechanism of the governor device, and FIG.
The upper half of the governor mechanism in (a) shows a non-operating state, and the lower half shows an operating state. FIG. 4 is a view taken along line CC of FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the engine 1 of this embodiment is a three-cylinder two-cycle engine in which three cylinders 2 are integrally arranged in series and a lower crankcase 3 is provided.
Inside, a crankshaft 4 is rotatably disposed via a bearing 5. The crankshaft 4 is connected to a piston 6 slidably disposed in each cylinder 2 by a connecting rod 7. A generator 8 is mounted on one end (left end) of the crankshaft 4. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 2a denotes a main scavenging passage, 2b denotes an opening of the third scavenging passage on the cylinder 2 side, and 2c denotes an exhaust port located on a side facing the opening 2b.

As shown in FIG. 1, an exhaust port 9 is provided at an upper portion of one side of the cylinder 2, and a variable exhaust valve 10 is provided in the exhaust port 9 so as to be capable of opening and closing (sliding). An intake port 11 is arranged in the crankcase 3 on the opposite side of the exhaust port 9 with respect to the cylinder 2, and a reed valve 12 is mounted in the intake port 11. A carburetor 13 and a steam separator 14 are connected to the intake port 11 in this order. Below the reed valve 12 in the crankcase 3, a plurality of balancer shafts 15 are arranged in the crankcase 3 at intervals in the axial direction as shown in FIG. 2 in parallel with the crankshaft 4. Bearing 16
・ It is rotatably supported by 16m. Counterweights 19 and 20 are respectively attached to both ends of the balancer shaft 15 so as to be integrally rotatable.
Is connected to the crankshaft 4 via drive gears 17 and 18 near the intermediate position in the axial direction.

Each of the counterweights 19 and 20 rotates in a dry atmosphere in the cavities 3b and 3c corresponding to their rotational shape. Each empty room 3b, 3c on the balance shaft 15
Oil seals 21 are attached to the inside of the crankcase 3, respectively, and a closed oil lubrication chamber 3 a is formed in the crankcase 3. In this wet oil lubrication chamber 3a,
The gear 17, the intermediate bearing 16m, and the governor mechanism 22 are housed. As shown in FIG. 3, the governor mechanism 22 includes substantially annular guides 23 and 24, a ball 25 as a centrifugal member, and a spring member as a spring member for urging one guide 24 in a direction to approach the other guide 23. A coil spring 26 and a substantially annular stopper member 27 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 3B, the guides 23 and 24 are provided with holders 23 for the balls 25 at 90 ° intervals in the circumferential direction.
a.24a (FIG. 3 (a)) extend in the radial direction. The guide surface (upper surface) of the ball 25 of the guide 24 side holder 24a is narrowed radially outward, that is, FIG.
In (a), it is inclined outward to the right in the figure. The guide 23 is arranged vertically in this example. On the large diameter portion 15a of the balancer shaft 15, the stop ring 23c of the guide 23 is fixed to one end (right end in the figure), and the stopper shaft (pin) 27c of the stopper member 27 is fixed to the other end (left end in the figure). 23, a guide 24, and a stopper member 27 are slidably disposed in this order in the axial direction, and a coil spring 26 is compressed between the stopper member 27 and the guide 24.
The guide 23 and the guide 24 are urged in a direction approaching each other due to the spring force of. Oil for lubricating the engine 1 is supplied into the oil lubrication chamber 3a, and as shown in FIG. 2, the gear 17, the bearing 16m, and the governor mechanism 22 rotate in a state where oil is accumulated at the bottom in the oil lubrication chamber 3a. By doing so, the oil is immersed in the oil and the oil is constantly supplied.

As shown in FIG. 3, a pair of thrust bearings 24b protrude from the guide 24, and a rotating shaft 28 (FIG. 1) has a distal end extending outward from the crankcase 3 between the thrust bearings 24b. To protrude and rotate freely
3 (FIG. 1), and a pulley 29 (FIG. 1) is attached to the tip of the rotating shaft 28 so as to be integrally rotatable. This pulley 29 has a push-pull type wire 30 (FIG. 1).
A wire 30 is wound around and connected to a pulley 31 that is integrally rotatably attached to the tip of a rotating shaft 32 that opens and closes the exhaust valve 10 of the exhaust port 9 as shown in FIG. When the rotation speed of the engine 1 exceeds a predetermined rotation speed, the guide 25 moves in the opening direction with the ball 25 of the governor mechanism 22 in FIG. 3 against the urging force of the coil spring 26 due to the centrifugal force. As a result, the rotation shaft 28 of the pulley 29 passes through the intermediate pin 34 (FIG. 4) provided between the thrust bearing 24b and the rotation shaft 28 (FIG. 1).
Rotates. Then, as the rotation shaft 32 of the pulley 31 rotates via the wire 30 with the rotation of the pulley 29, each exhaust valve 10 is sequentially opened. On the other hand, when the rotation speed of the engine 1 falls below a predetermined rotation speed, the guide 24 moves in the closing direction by the coil spring 26, so that the rotation shaft 28 of the pulley 29 rotates in the opposite direction. And is projected into the exhaust port 9 to a state corresponding to the low-speed side.

In FIG. 3A, the balancer shaft 15
The upper half of FIG. 3 shows the low-speed rotation of the engine 1 (FIG. 2), the ball 25 'is on the balancer shaft 15, and the governor mechanism 22 is not operating. On the other hand, the balancer shaft 15
The lower half of FIG. 3 shows the high speed rotation of the engine 1 (FIG. 2), in which the ball 25 moves to the outer peripheral side of the guides 23 and 24,
The guide 24 is released, and the governor mechanism 22 is in the operating state.

As described above, the two-stroke engine 1 including the governor device according to the present embodiment is configured.

In this two-cycle engine 1, as shown in FIG. 2, when the pistons 6 in the three cylinders 2 slide simultaneously, the crankshaft 4 rotates and the gear 17
By rotating the balancer shaft 15 via the 18, the counterweights 19 and 20 at both ends rotate in the dry cavities 3b and 3c with low resistance, and the entire engine 1 operates smoothly in a well-balanced manner. On the other hand, the intermediate bearing 16m, the gear 17, and the governor mechanism 22, which are disposed in the oil lubrication chamber 3a, rotate smoothly with a part immersed in oil. In this state, when the rotation speed of the engine 1 increases and exceeds a predetermined speed, the four balls 25 move radially outward due to centrifugal force, and the coil springs move in the direction in which the guide 24 is opened to the guide 23. 26 is compressed and moved. As described above, the exhaust valve 10 is opened with the movement of the guide 24.
The engine 1 is of a high rotation type, and the output during high rotation is improved.

Also, as shown in FIG.
A balancer shaft 15 is disposed in the crankcase 3 immediately below the reed valve 12 in parallel with the crankshaft 4, and a governor mechanism 22 is provided in a space substantially at an intermediate position of the balancer shaft 15 in the axial direction. A rotary shaft 3 for opening and closing an exhaust valve 10 in each exhaust port 9 at a diagonal position across three cylinders 2 in series
2 is disposed immediately above the exhaust port 9 in parallel with the crankshaft 4, and the pulley 31 of the rotating shaft 32 and the governor mechanism 22
Is connected to the pulley 29 of the rotary shaft 28 by the wire 30, the space immediately above the exhaust port 9 and the space of the crankcase 3 immediately below the intake port 11 are effectively used, and the entire engine 1 is used. Are compacted and downsized. Moreover, since the governor mechanism 22 is of a mechanical type that operates by centrifugal force, and the linkage with the exhaust valve 10 is performed using the pulleys 29 and 31 and the wire 30,
It can be easily arranged around the engine 1. This is particularly effective when the engine is arranged in a relatively narrow space of the hull, such as a personal watercraft.

Other Embodiments While one embodiment of the governor apparatus of the present invention has been described above, the present invention can be implemented as follows.

The present invention is not limited to the three-cylinder engine 1 but can be similarly applied to a single-cylinder engine, a two-cylinder engine, a four-cylinder engine, and the like.

Not only the opening and closing control of the exhaust valve 10,
The governor device can be used for controlling a throttle and controlling the direction of a nozzle of a water jet pump of a personal watercraft.

As for the governor mechanism 22, a roller can be used instead of the ball 25 as a centrifugal member. In addition, two or more governor mechanisms 22 can be provided at an intermediate position of the governor shaft 15 in consideration of the space and the number of devices to be controlled.

[0028]

As is apparent from the above description,
The mechanical governor device for an engine according to the present invention has the following excellent effects.

(1) Since a mechanical governor mechanism is disposed in a space at an intermediate position in the axial direction by using a balancer shaft which is necessary and provided in advance from the driving of the engine, a conventional governor shaft is provided. Compared to the method of installing the governor mechanism, the structure is simplified, the number of parts is reduced, and the governor mechanism can be operated using the rotating force of the balancer shaft, and extra space is reduced. As a result, the entire engine can be made compact.

(2) According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the centrifugal governor mechanism that operates by using the rotational force when the balancer shaft rotates during operation of the engine is used, the centrifugal governor mechanism is disposed in the sealed oil lubrication chamber. The centrifugal member smoothly moves in the radial direction according to the rotation speed of the balancer shaft in a wet atmosphere in the oil lubrication chamber, and generates an operating force as a governor mechanism. On the other hand, since the balancer weight rotates in a dry atmosphere outside the oil lubrication chamber, the rotation resistance is small, and the balancer weight rotates smoothly to smooth the rotation of the engine.

(3) According to the third aspect of the invention, the exhaust port of the two-stroke engine is controlled to open and close in accordance with the rotation speed of the engine, so that the exhaust efficiency is further improved and the engine performance is maximized. You. In addition, a large space is formed below the reed valve in the intake port of the crankcase, but since the governor mechanism is provided in this large space, the space is effectively used. In particular, the intake port and the exhaust port are arranged diagonally across the cylinder, the opening / closing section of the exhaust valve is arranged above the exhaust port, and the governor mechanism is arranged below the intake port, respectively, so that the entire engine is arranged. As a result, it is compact and can be downsized.

(4) According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the operating force (stroke) of the mechanical governor mechanism is converted into a rotational force to rotate the pulley, and the exhaust valve is opened and closed by the rotational force via the wire and the pulley. As a result, the opening and closing operation is stabilized and the exhaust valve is opened and closed smoothly, and the opening and closing control is performed with high accuracy. In addition, since all the opening and closing operations of the exhaust valve, including the operation of the governor mechanism, are mechanically performed, it is suitable for application to engines for small planing boats where water often enters the hull.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a governor device including a governor device according to an embodiment of the invention.
It is a front view showing a cycle engine.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

3 (a) is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a governor mechanism of the governor device, wherein the upper half of the governor mechanism in FIG. 3 (a) is in a non-operating state at low rotation speed, and the lower half is at high rotation speed. It shows the operating state at the time. FIG. 3 (b) is a cross-sectional view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 3 (a).

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 2 cycle engine 2 Cylinder 3 Crankcase 3a Oil lubrication room 4 Crankshaft 5.16.16m Bearing 6 Piston 7 Connecting rod 9 Exhaust port 10 Variable exhaust valve 11 Intake port 12 Reed valve 15 Balancer shaft 17 Driving gear 19/20 Counterweight 21 Oil seal 22 Governor mechanism 23/24 Guide 23a / 24a Holder 25 Ball (centrifugal member) 26 Coil spring (spring member) 28/32 Rotating shaft 29/31 Pulley 30 Wire

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A balancer weight is mounted on both ends of a balancer shaft connected to a crankshaft of an engine via a gear so as to rotate in conjunction therewith so as to be integrally rotatable, and a space between the balancer weights on the balancer shaft. A mechanical governor device for an engine, characterized in that a centrifugal governor mechanism provided with a centrifugal member such as a ball and a roller that moves radially outward by centrifugal force is provided in the section. 2. A drive gear on the balancer shaft is disposed in a sealed oil lubrication chamber, and the centrifugal governor mechanism is disposed in the oil lubrication chamber to lubricate the oil in the oil lubrication chamber. The mechanical governor device for an engine according to claim 1. 3. An exhaust valve is provided in an exhaust port above a cylinder of the two-stroke engine so as to be openable and closable, and an intake port is provided in a crankcase diagonally with respect to the exhaust port with the cylinder interposed therebetween, and a lead is provided in the intake port. A valve is disposed, a balancer shaft is rotatably provided below the reed valve parallel to the crankshaft, and a mechanical governor mechanism is provided below the reed valve on the balancer shaft,
A mechanical governor device for an engine, wherein the opening and closing operation of the exhaust valve is performed by using the operating force of the mechanical governor mechanism. 4. The mechanical governor mechanism is provided with a rotating shaft that rotates by the operating force, and the opening and closing operation of the exhaust valve is performed by rotating another rotating shaft, and pulleys are integrated with each of the rotating shafts. Rotatably mounted,
4. The mechanical governor device for an engine according to claim 3, wherein the pulleys are connected by wires.