JP2000343098A - Sludge crusher and organic sewage treating device - Google Patents
Sludge crusher and organic sewage treating deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000343098A JP2000343098A JP11159332A JP15933299A JP2000343098A JP 2000343098 A JP2000343098 A JP 2000343098A JP 11159332 A JP11159332 A JP 11159332A JP 15933299 A JP15933299 A JP 15933299A JP 2000343098 A JP2000343098 A JP 2000343098A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sludge
- blade
- crushing
- blades
- fixed blade
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、有機性汚水の生物
学的処理によって発生する汚泥を破砕する汚泥破砕装置
及び該汚泥破砕装置を用いた有機性汚水の処理装置に関
する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sludge crusher for crushing sludge generated by biological treatment of organic sewage, and an organic sewage treatment apparatus using the sludge crusher.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】特公昭５７−１９７１９号公報に有機性
汚水の処理方法の一例が記載されている。それは、活性
汚泥処理によって生ずる余剰汚泥に、超音波による破
壊、ホモジナイザー又はミキサーによる摩砕、高圧と瞬
間的な減圧とによる破壊、あるいはオゾンによる酸化分
解を施して該余剰汚泥中の微生物体細胞を破壊し、これ
によって得られた有機溶液を消化槽に送り、該有機溶液
を栄養源として摂取する活性汚泥により好気性消化を行
なう、というものであり、余剰汚泥の減容化技術として
知られている。上記消化槽においては、好気性微生物が
上記有機溶液を摂取することによって活性汚泥が増殖す
るが、その摂取された一部は微生物の生活エネルギーと
して消費され（生物学的にＣＯ2及びＨ2Ｏに分解され）
るために、全体としてみれば汚泥の減容化が図れるもの
である。2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-19719 discloses an example of a method for treating organic wastewater. That is, the excess sludge generated by the activated sludge treatment is subjected to destruction by ultrasonic waves, grinding by a homogenizer or a mixer, destruction by high pressure and instantaneous decompression, or oxidative decomposition by ozone to decompose microbial cells in the excess sludge. Destruction, send the organic solution obtained to the digestion tank, and perform aerobic digestion with activated sludge taking the organic solution as a nutrient source, which is known as a technique for reducing excess sludge. I have. In the digestion tank, activated sludge grows when the aerobic microorganism ingests the organic solution, and a part of the ingested sludge is consumed as living energy of the microorganism (biologically, CO 2 and H 2 O). Broken down into
Therefore, the volume of sludge can be reduced as a whole.
【０００３】上記余剰汚泥に活性炭の存在下で好気性消
化した後にオゾン酸化処理を施してから元の活性汚泥処
理槽に戻すという方法（特開平９−１２２６７９号公
報）、上記余剰汚泥をアルカリ性にした後に湿式ミルで
破砕し、しかる後に嫌気性消化処理を施す方法（特開平
２−２１１２９７号公報）、上記余剰汚泥に隔膜電気分
解処理を施し、さらにはオゾン酸化処理を施して元の生
物学的処理槽に戻す方法（特開平９−１５０１８６号公
報）も知られている。A method of subjecting the excess sludge to aerobic digestion in the presence of activated carbon, subjecting the excess sludge to ozone oxidation treatment, and then returning the excess sludge to the original activated sludge treatment tank (JP-A-9-122679). Crushed by a wet mill and then subjected to an anaerobic digestion treatment (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 221297/1990). The excess sludge is subjected to a diaphragm electrolysis treatment and further subjected to an ozone oxidation treatment to obtain the original biological material. There is also known a method of returning to a typical treatment tank (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-150186).
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述の如く余剰汚泥の
減容化には該余剰汚泥を機械的又は化学的に破砕ないし
は分解して有機溶液とすることが必要になるが、ホモジ
ナイザー、ミル等による機械的破砕ではその処理効率が
低く、超音波やオゾンを利用する方法ではそれらの発生
装置を別途必要とし、しかも、これらは汚泥を一定量ず
つ処理するバッチ処理（間欠的処理）になり、連続処理
は難しい。また、汚泥中の細菌・真菌類は有機性汚水の
生物学的処理に有用であるにも拘わらず、従来の手段で
はこれらも他の原生動物等と共に破壊死滅し易いもので
あった。As described above, in order to reduce the volume of the excess sludge, it is necessary to mechanically or chemically crush or decompose the excess sludge into an organic solution. However, a homogenizer, a mill, etc. The mechanical crushing by the method has a low processing efficiency, and the method using ultrasonic waves or ozone requires a separate generator for these, and these are batch processes (intermittent processes) for processing a fixed amount of sludge at a time. Continuous processing is difficult. In addition, although bacteria and fungi in sludge are useful for biological treatment of organic sewage, conventional means are liable to be destroyed and killed together with other protozoa and the like.
【０００５】本発明の課題は、このような問題を解決す
る汚泥破砕装置及び該装置を用いた有機性汚水の処理装
置を提供することにある。It is an object of the present invention to provide a sludge crushing apparatus which solves such a problem and an organic sewage treatment apparatus using the apparatus.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、固定刃と回転
刃との組合せによって汚泥を破壊的に破砕するようにし
たものである。According to the present invention, sludge is destructively crushed by a combination of a fixed blade and a rotary blade.
【０００７】すなわち、請求項１に係る発明は、有機性
汚水の生物学的処理によって発生する汚泥が流入するケ
ーシングと、上記ケーシングの内周面に固定された固定
刃と、上記ケーシングに軸支され上記固定刃との協働に
よって汚泥を破砕する回転刃と、上記回転刃を回転駆動
する駆動手段とを備えていることを特徴とする汚泥破砕
装置である。That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a casing into which sludge generated by biological treatment of organic sewage flows, a fixed blade fixed to an inner peripheral surface of the casing, and a pivot supported by the casing. A sludge crushing device comprising a rotary blade for crushing sludge in cooperation with the fixed blade, and a driving means for rotating the rotary blade.
【０００８】従って、ケーシングに流入した汚泥は、回
転刃の回転によって掻き回され、また、それに伴ってケ
ーシング壁面に衝突することにより破砕するが、それだ
けでなく、該回転刃と固定刃との間で切断され、また、
せん断変形を受けて潰れることになる。Accordingly, the sludge flowing into the casing is stirred by the rotation of the rotary blade, and crushed by colliding with the casing wall, thereby causing not only the sludge but also the sludge between the rotary blade and the fixed blade. Is cut at
It will be crushed by shear deformation.
【０００９】例えば、活性汚泥処理の余剰汚泥のような
フロックは、細菌・真菌類、これらを捕食する繊毛虫そ
の他の原生動物及び該原生動物を捕食する輪虫等の後生
動物、並びにこれらから分泌される粘着性のゼラチン様
物質によって構成されている。そこで、このようなフロ
ックの場合について説明すると、上記固定刃と回転刃と
のクリアランスを例えば１ｍｍ以下、好ましくは０．１
〜０．５ｍｍ程度に設定すれば、原生動物や後生動物の
ような長さ１ｍｍ前後の比較的大きな生物は、当該固定
刃と回転刃との協働によって表面のゼラチン様物質が剥
離され、また、細胞壁が破壊され、あるいは切断される
ことにより、好気性微生物によって容易に消化される有
機栄養源に変換される。従って、当該破砕処理物を元の
生物学的処理槽に戻した場合、あるいは別の好気性又は
嫌気性の消化槽へ送った場合のいずれにおいても、上記
有機栄養源がその槽の微生物によって摂取され、汚泥の
減容化が効率良く進むことになる。For example, flocs such as excess sludge from activated sludge treatment are bacteria and fungi, ciliates and other protozoa that prey on them, metazoans such as rotifers that prey on the protozoa, and secretions from these. Is composed of a sticky gelatinous substance. Therefore, the case of such a floc will be described. The clearance between the fixed blade and the rotary blade is, for example, 1 mm or less, preferably 0.1 mm or less.
If it is set to about 0.5 mm, relatively large organisms such as protozoa and metazoan animals having a length of about 1 mm are separated from the gelatin-like substance on the surface by the cooperation of the fixed blade and the rotary blade, and When the cell walls are broken or cut, they are converted to organic nutrients that are easily digested by aerobic microorganisms. Therefore, regardless of whether the crushed product is returned to the original biological treatment tank or sent to another aerobic or anaerobic digestion tank, the organic nutrient source is taken up by microorganisms in the tank. As a result, the sludge volume reduction proceeds efficiently.
【００１０】これに対して、上記細菌・真菌類のような
数μ〜数十μ程度の小さな生物は、上記クリアランスを
通り抜けることができるから、破壊されることがほとん
どない。活性汚泥処理において有機性汚水の浄化に最も
重要な役割を果たす生物はこのような細菌・真菌類であ
る。従って、これらをほとんど無傷のままにすることが
できるということは、当該破砕処理物を元の生物学的処
理槽に戻し、あるいは別の生物学的処理槽へ送った際
に、上記破砕によって得られた有機栄養源によってＢＯ
Ｄ負荷が過剰に大きくなることが上記無傷の細菌・真菌
類の存在によって避けられ、生物学的処理に有利にな
る。On the other hand, small organisms such as the above-mentioned bacteria and fungi having a size of several μ to several tens μ can pass through the clearance and are hardly destroyed. Organisms that play the most important role in the purification of organic wastewater in activated sludge treatment are such bacteria and fungi. Therefore, the fact that they can be left almost intact means that when the crushed product is returned to the original biological treatment tank or sent to another biological treatment tank, it is obtained by the crushing. BO by selected organic nutrients
Excessive D loading is avoided by the presence of the intact bacteria and fungi, which is advantageous for biological treatment.
【００１１】このように、本発明の利点の一つは、従来
の機械的破砕法とは違って、固定刃と回転刃とのクリア
ランスの調整によって、所望の汚泥破砕形態が得られる
こと、端的には大きな生物を破壊して有機栄養源に変換
しながら、小さな微生物を破壊することなく生かしたま
まにすることができることにある。As described above, one of the advantages of the present invention is that, unlike the conventional mechanical crushing method, a desired sludge crushing form can be obtained by adjusting the clearance between the fixed blade and the rotary blade. The ability to destroy large organisms and convert them to organic nutrients while leaving small microorganisms alive without destroying them.
【００１２】上記生物学的処理としては、活性汚泥法の
他、散水ろ床法、嫌気性消化法であってもよい。The biological treatment may be an activated sludge method, a trickling filter method, or an anaerobic digestion method.
【００１３】請求項２に係る発明は、請求項１に記載の
汚泥破砕装置において、上記固定刃は、上記ケーシング
の内周面より周方向に間隔をおいて内方へ突出する複数
の凸刃を有し、上記回転刃は、円板形であって、その外
周面に周方向に間隔をおいて外方へ突出した複数の凸刃
を有し、該凸刃の回転運動軌跡と上記固定刃の各凸刃と
が軸方向にみてオーバーラップするように配置され、上
記ケーシングは、上記固定刃と回転刃とを間において上
記軸方向の一方の側に汚泥流入口を有し、他方の側に破
砕処理物流出口を有することを特徴とする。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the sludge crushing apparatus according to the first aspect, the fixed blade has a plurality of convex blades projecting inward from the inner peripheral surface of the casing at intervals in a circumferential direction. The rotating blade is a disk shape, and has a plurality of convex blades protruding outward at intervals in a circumferential direction on an outer peripheral surface thereof, and a rotational motion locus of the convex blade and the fixed Each convex blade of the blade is disposed so as to overlap in the axial direction, and the casing has a sludge inlet on one side in the axial direction between the fixed blade and the rotary blade, and the other. It has a crushing process logistics outlet on the side.
【００１４】この発明においては、上記ケーシング内の
周辺を軸方向に通過する汚泥が固定刃の凸刃と回転刃の
凸刃との協働によって破砕されることになる。また、汚
泥の処理形態として、ケーシングにおける軸方向の一方
の側の流入口から一定量の汚泥を投入し、破砕処理後に
他方の側の流出口より流出させる間欠的処理形態をとる
ことができる他、上記一方の流入口から汚泥を連続的に
流入させ、破砕処理された汚泥を他方の流出口より連続
的に流出させる連続処理形態をとることが可能になる。In the present invention, the sludge passing axially around the inside of the casing is crushed by the cooperation of the convex blade of the fixed blade and the convex blade of the rotary blade. In addition, as a sludge treatment mode, an intermittent treatment mode in which a fixed amount of sludge is introduced from an inlet on one side in the axial direction of a casing and discharged from an outlet on the other side after crushing treatment can be adopted. In addition, it is possible to adopt a continuous treatment mode in which sludge is continuously flowed in from one of the above inlets and crushed sludge is continuously flowed out from the other outlet.
【００１５】上記固定刃については、別個独立の複数の
凸刃によって構成し、各凸刃をケーシングに個別に固定
することもできるが、この固定刃を、内周面に周方向に
間隔をおいて内方へ突出する複数の凸刃を有するリング
形に形成してもよい。言うなれば、固定刃が内歯歯車形
であり、回転刃が外歯歯車形になる。もちろん、周方向
に間隔をおいて配置された数個の凸刃を有する複数の円
弧形部材を周方向に連設して固定刃とすることもでき
る。The fixed blade may be composed of a plurality of independent and independent convex blades, and each of the convex blades may be individually fixed to the casing. However, the fixed blades are provided on the inner peripheral surface at circumferential intervals. And may be formed in a ring shape having a plurality of convex blades protruding inward. In other words, the fixed blade has an internal gear shape and the rotary blade has an external gear shape. Of course, a plurality of arc-shaped members having several convex blades arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction may be connected in the circumferential direction to form a fixed blade.
【００１６】請求項３に係る発明は、請求項２に記載の
汚泥破砕装置において、上記固定刃の凸刃の配設ピッチ
と上記回転刃の凸刃の配設ピッチとが相異なることを特
徴とする。According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the sludge crushing apparatus according to the second aspect, the arrangement pitch of the convex blades of the fixed blade and the arrangement pitch of the convex blades of the rotary blade are different. And
【００１７】ケーシングの流入口から流入した汚泥は固
定刃の相隣る凸刃間、すなわち凹部を通って流出口に向
かい、その通過の際に回転刃の凸刃が回転移動してきて
破砕される。従って、仮に固定刃の凸刃の配設ピッチと
回転刃の凸刃の配設ピッチとが同じであれば、該固定刃
の全ての凹部に対して回転刃の全ての凹部が重なって該
固定刃の凹部の開口率が最も大きくなった状態と、固定
刃の全て凹部に対して回転刃の全ての凸刃が重なって上
記開口率が最も小さくなった状態とがサイクル的に生ず
る。前者では汚泥の通過に対する抵抗が最も少なく、後
者ではその抵抗が最も大きくなる。このように汚泥の通
過抵抗がサイクル的に変動すると、汚泥の送りに所謂脈
動を生ずることになり、それが振動・騒音の原因とな
り、また、装置の耐久性の面でも不利になる。The sludge flowing from the inlet of the casing goes to the outlet between the adjacent convex blades of the fixed blade, that is, passes through the concave portion, and at the time of passing, the convex blade of the rotary blade rotates and is crushed. . Therefore, if the arrangement pitch of the convex blades of the fixed blade and the arrangement pitch of the convex blades of the rotary blade are the same, all the concave portions of the rotary blade overlap with all the concave portions of the fixed blade so that the fixing is performed. The state in which the opening ratio of the concave portion of the blade becomes the largest and the state in which the above-mentioned opening ratio becomes the smallest because all the convex blades of the rotary blade overlap with all the concave portions of the fixed blade occur in a cycle. The former has the least resistance to the passage of sludge and the latter has the greatest resistance. When the sludge passage resistance fluctuates cyclically in this way, so-called pulsation occurs in the sludge feeding, which causes vibration and noise, and is disadvantageous in terms of the durability of the apparatus.
【００１８】これに対して、請求項３に係る発明の場合
は、固定刃の凸刃の配設ピッチと回転刃の凸刃の配設ピ
ッチとが相異なるため、固定刃の全ての凹部に対して回
転刃の全ての凸刃あるいは凹部が重なった状態というも
のを生ずることがなくなり、上記脈動が緩和ないしは防
止される。この場合、回転刃の全ての回転位置におい
て、上記開口率が略一定となるように上記固定刃及び回
転刃の各々の凸部配設ピッチを定めることが上記脈動を
防止する上で好ましい。On the other hand, in the case of the invention according to claim 3, the arrangement pitch of the convex blades of the fixed blade and the arrangement pitch of the convex blades of the rotary blade are different from each other. On the other hand, there is no occurrence of a state in which all the convex blades or concave portions of the rotary blade are overlapped, and the pulsation is reduced or prevented. In this case, it is preferable to determine the pitch of the convex portions of the fixed blade and the rotary blade so that the aperture ratio is substantially constant at all the rotation positions of the rotary blade in order to prevent the pulsation.
【００１９】請求項４に係る発明は、請求項１に記載の
汚泥破砕装置において、上記固定刃は、リング形であっ
て、周方向に間隔をおいて形成された複数の軸方向の貫
通孔を有し、上記回転刃は、上記リング形固定刃と同軸
に設けられた円板形であって、周方向に間隔をおいて形
成された複数の軸方向の貫通孔を有し、上記固定刃に対
して軸方向にみてオーバーラップするように配置され、
上記ケーシングは、上記固定刃と回転刃とを間において
上記軸方向の一方の側に汚泥流入口を有し、他方の側に
破砕処理物流出口を有することを特徴とする。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the sludge crushing apparatus according to the first aspect, the fixed blade has a ring shape and a plurality of axial through holes formed at intervals in a circumferential direction. The rotary blade is a disk-shaped member provided coaxially with the ring-shaped fixed blade, and has a plurality of axial through holes formed at intervals in a circumferential direction, It is arranged so as to overlap with the blade in the axial direction,
The casing has a sludge inlet on one side in the axial direction between the fixed blade and the rotary blade, and has a crushing treatment logistics outlet on the other side.
【００２０】この発明は、請求項２における凸刃に代え
て貫通孔を採用したものであり、固定刃の貫通孔を通過
する汚泥が回転刃によって破砕されることになる。In the present invention, a through hole is employed in place of the convex blade in claim 2, and the sludge passing through the through hole of the fixed blade is crushed by the rotary blade.
【００２１】請求項５に係る発明は、請求項４に記載の
汚泥破砕装置において、上記回転刃は、その各貫通孔の
回転運動軌跡と上記固定刃の各貫通孔とが軸方向にオー
バーラップするように形成されていることを特徴とす
る。According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the sludge crushing apparatus according to the fourth aspect, the rotary blade has a configuration in which the rotational motion trajectory of each through hole and each through hole of the fixed blade overlap in the axial direction. It is characterized by being formed so that it does.
【００２２】従って、この発明では、固定刃の貫通孔を
通過する汚泥が該固定刃の貫通孔と回転刃の貫通孔との
協働によって破砕されることになり、請求項２に係る発
明と同様の作用効果が得られる。Therefore, according to the present invention, the sludge passing through the through hole of the fixed blade is crushed by the cooperation of the through hole of the fixed blade and the through hole of the rotary blade. A similar effect can be obtained.
【００２３】請求項６に係る発明は、請求項５に記載の
汚泥破砕装置において、上記固定刃の貫通孔の配設ピッ
チと上記回転刃の貫通孔の配設ピッチとが相異なること
を特徴とする。このように配設ピッチを相異なるものに
した理由は請求項３に係る発明の場合と同様であり、本
発明によれば、請求項３に係る発明と同様の作用効果が
得られる。According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the sludge crushing apparatus according to the fifth aspect, the arrangement pitch of the through holes of the fixed blade is different from the arrangement pitch of the through holes of the rotary blade. And The reason why the arrangement pitches are different is the same as in the case of the invention according to claim 3, and according to the present invention, the same operation and effect as those of the invention according to claim 3 can be obtained.
【００２４】請求項７に係る発明は、有機性汚水を生物
学的に処理する生物学的処理手段と、上記生物学的処理
が施された処理液を固液分離する固液分離手段と、上記
固液分離によって得られた分離汚泥の少なくとも一部を
破砕する汚泥破砕手段とを備え、上記汚泥破砕手段によ
って破砕された汚泥の少なくとも一部を上記生物学的処
理手段に戻すようにした有機性汚水の処理装置におい
て、上記汚泥破砕手段が、請求項１乃至請求項６のいず
れか一に記載されている汚泥処理装置によって構成され
ていることを特徴とする。According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a biological treatment means for biologically treating organic wastewater, a solid-liquid separation means for solid-liquid separation of the treatment liquid subjected to the biological treatment, Sludge crushing means for crushing at least a part of the separated sludge obtained by the solid-liquid separation, wherein an organic material is configured to return at least a part of the sludge crushed by the sludge crushing means to the biological treatment means. In the apparatus for treating sewage, the sludge crushing means is constituted by the sludge treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
【００２５】この発明によれば、有機性汚水は、生物学
的処理が施されて固液分離され、得られた余剰汚泥の少
なくとも一部が破砕されてその少なくとも一部が元の生
物学的処理手段に戻される、すなわち余剰汚泥が生物学
的処理に適した有機栄養源となって戻されるから、汚泥
の減容化が図れることになる。そうして、上記余剰汚泥
の破砕に請求項１〜６のいずれかの汚泥破砕装置が用い
られているから、余剰汚泥中の大型の原生動物等は有機
栄養源に変えて戻す一方、細菌・真菌類は殆ど無傷のま
ま戻すことができ、有機性汚水の生物学的処理及び上記
減容化に有利になる。According to the present invention, the organic wastewater is subjected to biological treatment and separated into solid and liquid, and at least a part of the obtained excess sludge is crushed and at least a part thereof is recovered as the original biological sludge. Since the sludge is returned to the treatment means, that is, the excess sludge is returned as an organic nutrient source suitable for biological treatment, the sludge can be reduced in volume. Then, since the sludge crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used for crushing the surplus sludge, large-sized protozoa and the like in the surplus sludge are returned to the organic nutrient source, while bacteria and The fungus can be returned almost intact, which is advantageous for the biological treatment of organic sewage and the above-mentioned volume reduction.
【００２６】請求項８に係る発明は、有機性汚水を生物
学的に処理する生物学的処理槽内に、請求項１乃至請求
項６のいずれか一に記載されている汚泥破砕装置が設け
られていることを特徴とする有機性汚水の処理装置であ
る。すなわち、生物学的処理槽では有機性汚水の処理が
進むにつれて汚泥フロックを生じ、また、必要に応じて
余剰汚泥が返送される。本発明ではこのような汚泥を当
該処理槽内で汚泥破砕装置に直接取り込んで破砕し、有
機栄養源に変えて再び生物学的処理に供するものであ
る。そうして、この汚泥の破砕に請求項１〜６のいずれ
かの汚泥破砕装置が用いられているから、大型の原生動
物等は有機栄養源に変えて戻す一方、細菌・真菌類は殆
ど無傷のまま戻すことができ、有機性汚水の生物学的処
理及び上記減容化に有利になる。According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the sludge crushing apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth aspects is provided in a biological treatment tank for biologically treating organic wastewater. An organic sewage treatment apparatus characterized in that: That is, in the biological treatment tank, sludge floc is generated as the treatment of organic wastewater proceeds, and excess sludge is returned as needed. In the present invention, such sludge is directly taken into a sludge crushing device in the treatment tank to be crushed, converted into an organic nutrient source, and subjected to biological treatment again. Then, since the sludge crushing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used for crushing the sludge, large-sized protozoa and the like are changed back to organic nutrients, while bacteria and fungi are almost intact. It can be returned as it is, which is advantageous for the biological treatment of organic wastewater and the above-mentioned volume reduction.
【００２７】[0027]
【発明の効果】上述のように、請求項１に係る発明によ
れば、汚泥が流入するケーシングの内周面に固定刃を固
定する一方、該ケーシングに回転刃を軸支し、該固定刃
と回転刃との協働によって汚泥を破砕するようにしたか
ら、汚泥の破砕に有利になるとともに、固定刃と回転刃
とのクリアランスの調整によって、例えば大きな生物を
破壊して有機栄養源に変換しながら、小さな微生物を破
壊することなく生かしたままにする、というように所望
の汚泥破砕形態を得ることができる。有機性汚水の生物
学的処理及び汚泥の減容化に有利になる。As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the fixed blade is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the casing into which the sludge flows, and the rotary blade is pivotally supported on the casing. The sludge is crushed in cooperation with the rotating blade, which is advantageous for sludge crushing, and by adjusting the clearance between the fixed blade and the rotating blade, for example, large organisms are destroyed and converted to organic nutrient sources However, a desired sludge crushing form can be obtained such that small microorganisms are kept alive without being destroyed. This is advantageous for biological treatment of organic wastewater and volume reduction of sludge.
【００２８】請求項２に係る発明によれば、上記固定刃
は上記ケーシングの内周面より周方向に間隔をおいて内
方へ突出する複数の凸刃を有し、上記回転刃は円板形で
あって、その外周面に周方向に間隔をおいて外方へ突出
した複数の凸刃を有し、該凸刃の回転運動軌跡と上記固
定刃の各凸刃とが軸方向にみてオーバーラップするよう
に配置され、上記ケーシングは、上記固定刃と回転刃と
を間において上記軸方向の一方の側に汚泥流入口を有
し、他方の側に破砕処理物流出口を有するから、ケーシ
ング内の周辺を軸方向に通過する汚泥を固定刃の凸刃と
回転刃の凸刃との協働によって効率良く破砕することが
でき、しかも汚泥を連続的に処理することが可能にな
る。According to the second aspect of the present invention, the fixed blade has a plurality of convex blades projecting inward from the inner peripheral surface of the casing at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the rotary blade is a disk. A plurality of convex blades protruding outwardly at intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface thereof, and the rotational motion trajectory of the convex blade and each convex blade of the fixed blade are viewed in the axial direction. Since the casing is disposed so as to overlap, the casing has a sludge inlet on one side in the axial direction between the fixed blade and the rotary blade, and has a crushing process distribution outlet on the other side. Sludge passing axially around the inside can be efficiently crushed by cooperation of the convex blade of the fixed blade and the convex blade of the rotary blade, and sludge can be continuously treated.
【００２９】請求項３に係る発明によれば、上記固定刃
の凸刃の配設ピッチと上記回転刃の凸刃の配設ピッチと
を相異なるものにしたから、汚泥を連続的に処理する場
合のの脈動が避けられ、振動・騒音の低減、装置の耐久
性の向上に有利になる。According to the third aspect of the present invention, the arrangement pitch of the convex blades of the fixed blade and the arrangement pitch of the convex blades of the rotary blade are different from each other, so that the sludge is continuously treated. In this case, pulsation can be avoided, which is advantageous for reducing vibration and noise and improving the durability of the device.
【００３０】請求項４に係る発明によれば、請求項１に
記載の汚泥破砕装置において、上記固定刃はリング形で
あって周方向に間隔をおいて形成された複数の貫通孔を
有し、上記回転刃は上記リング形固定刃と同軸に設けら
れた円板形であって周方向に間隔をおいて形成された複
数の貫通孔を有し且つ上記固定刃に対して軸方向にみて
オーバーラップするように配置され、上記ケーシングは
上記固定刃と回転刃とを間において上記軸方向の一方の
側に汚泥流入口を有し、他方の側に破砕処理物流出口を
有するから、固定刃の貫通孔を通過する汚泥を回転刃に
よって効率良く破砕することができる。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the sludge crusher according to the first aspect, the fixed blade has a ring shape and has a plurality of through holes formed at intervals in a circumferential direction. The rotating blade has a plurality of through-holes formed coaxially with the ring-shaped fixed blade and formed at intervals in the circumferential direction, and viewed in the axial direction with respect to the fixed blade. The casing is disposed so as to overlap, and the casing has a sludge inlet on one side in the axial direction between the fixed blade and the rotary blade, and has a crushing process distribution outlet on the other side. The sludge passing through the through hole can be efficiently crushed by the rotary blade.
【００３１】請求項５に係る発明によれば、上記回転刃
は、その各貫通孔の回転運動軌跡と上記固定刃の各貫通
孔とが軸方向にオーバーラップするように形成されてい
るから、請求項２に係る発明と同様の効果が得られる。According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the rotary blade is formed so that the rotational motion trajectory of each through hole and each through hole of the fixed blade overlap in the axial direction. The same effect as that of the second aspect can be obtained.
【００３２】請求項６に係る発明によれば、上記固定刃
の貫通孔の配設ピッチと上記回転刃の貫通孔の配設ピッ
チとが相異なるから、請求項３に係る発明と同様の効果
が得られる。According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the arrangement pitch of the through holes of the fixed blade and the arrangement pitch of the through holes of the rotary blade are different from each other. Is obtained.
【００３３】請求項７に係る発明によれば、有機性汚水
を生物学的に処理する生物学的処理手段と、該生物学的
処理が施された処理液を固液分離する固液分離手段と、
該固液分離によって得られた分離汚泥の少なくとも一部
を破砕する汚泥破砕手段とを備え、該破砕された汚泥の
少なくとも一部を上記生物学的処理手段に戻すようにし
た有機性汚水の処理装置において、上記汚泥破砕手段と
して、請求項１乃至請求項６のいずれか一に記載されて
いる汚泥処理装置を採用したから、有機性汚水の生物学
的処理及び汚泥の減容化に有利になる。According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a biological treatment means for biologically treating organic wastewater, and a solid-liquid separation means for solid-liquid separation of a treatment liquid subjected to the biological treatment. When,
Sludge crushing means for crushing at least a part of the separated sludge obtained by the solid-liquid separation, and treatment of organic sewage wherein at least a part of the crushed sludge is returned to the biological treatment means. In the apparatus, since the sludge treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is employed as the sludge crushing means, it is advantageous for biological treatment of organic wastewater and volume reduction of sludge. Become.
【００３４】請求項８に係る発明によれば、有機性汚水
を生物学的に処理する生物学的処理槽内に、請求項１乃
至請求項６のいずれか一に記載されている汚泥破砕装置
が設けられているから、有機性汚水の生物学的処理及び
汚泥の減容化に有利になる。According to the invention of claim 8, the sludge crushing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is provided in a biological treatment tank for biologically treating organic wastewater. Is advantageous for biological treatment of organic sewage and volume reduction of sludge.
【００３５】[0035]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
に基づいて説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００３６】＜実施形態１＞図１に示す有機性汚水の処
理装置において、１は有機性汚水を生物学的に処理する
生物学的処理手段としての活性汚泥処理槽、２は活性汚
泥処理が施された処理液（フロックと浄化水との混合
液）が供給される固液分離槽であり、有機性汚水は例え
ばスクリーン等による予備処理、沈降分離又は浮遊分離
の一次処理を経て二次処理装置としての上記活性汚泥処
理槽１に供給される。また、固液分離処理によって得ら
れた上澄み液は必要に応じて活性炭吸着等の高度処理が
施されて排水され、又は再利用される。<Embodiment 1> In the apparatus for treating organic sewage shown in FIG. 1, 1 is an activated sludge treatment tank as a biological treatment means for biologically treating organic sewage, and 2 is an activated sludge treatment. This is a solid-liquid separation tank to which the applied treatment liquid (mixed liquid of floc and purified water) is supplied, and the organic wastewater is subjected to a preliminary treatment, for example, by a screen, a secondary treatment after a primary treatment of a sedimentation separation or a floating separation. It is supplied to the activated sludge treatment tank 1 as an apparatus. The supernatant obtained by the solid-liquid separation treatment is subjected to advanced treatment such as activated carbon adsorption as required, and then drained or reused.
【００３７】活性汚泥処理槽１には水中エアレータ３が
浸漬されていて、これには槽外のブロア４により加圧エ
アが供給される。また、活性汚泥処理槽１には該処理槽
内のＭＬＳＳ（混合液浮遊物質）濃度を計測するＭＬＳ
Ｓ濃度計５が設けられている。活性汚泥処理槽１と固液
分離槽２とは該固液分離槽２において沈降分離した汚泥
を活性汚泥処理槽１に戻す汚泥返送管６によって結ばれ
ていて、該汚泥返送管６には汚泥を送る汚泥供給ポンプ
７及び該返送汚泥を破砕する汚泥破砕装置９が設けられ
ている。A submerged aerator 3 is immersed in the activated sludge treatment tank 1, and pressurized air is supplied to the activated sludge treatment tank 1 by a blower 4 outside the tank. In addition, the activated sludge treatment tank 1 has an MLS for measuring the concentration of MLSS (mixed liquid suspended solids) in the treatment tank.
An S concentration meter 5 is provided. The activated sludge treatment tank 1 and the solid-liquid separation tank 2 are connected by a sludge return pipe 6 for returning the sludge settled and separated in the solid-liquid separation tank 2 to the activated sludge treatment tank 1. And a sludge crusher 9 for crushing the returned sludge.
【００３８】上記ブロア４、ポンプ７及び汚泥破砕装置
９は、ＭＬＳＳ濃度計５によって検出されたＭＬＳＳ濃
度に基いて制御装置１０によって駆動される。すなわ
ち、処理槽１のＭＬＳＳ濃度、ＢＯＤ濃度、汚水流入量
等に基いて処理槽１の必要酸素量が計算されてブロア４
が間欠的に駆動され、処理槽１のＭＬＳＳ濃度が所定範
囲になるように上記ポンプ７及び汚泥破砕装置９が駆動
される。The blower 4, the pump 7, and the sludge crushing device 9 are driven by the control device 10 based on the MLSS concentration detected by the MLSS concentration meter 5. That is, the required oxygen amount of the processing tank 1 is calculated based on the MLSS concentration, the BOD concentration, the amount of inflow of sewage, etc.
Is driven intermittently, and the pump 7 and the sludge crushing device 9 are driven so that the MLSS concentration in the processing tank 1 falls within a predetermined range.
【００３９】図２には上記汚泥破砕装置９の具体的な構
造が示されている。同図において、１１はケーシングで
あり、一端が閉塞された中空円筒状の本体１２と該本体
１２の他端開口を閉塞する蓋体１３とよりなる。このケ
ーシング１１内には複数のリング状の固定刃１４と複数
の円板状回転刃１５とが軸方向に交互に配設されてい
る。FIG. 2 shows a specific structure of the sludge crusher 9. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes a casing, which comprises a hollow cylindrical main body 12 having one end closed, and a lid 13 for closing the other end of the main body 12. In the casing 11, a plurality of ring-shaped fixed blades 14 and a plurality of disc-shaped rotary blades 15 are alternately arranged in the axial direction.
【００４０】固定刃１４は、円筒状の周壁１６と、図３
に示すように該周壁１６より内方へ突出したドーナツ板
部１７とを備え、該ドーナツ板部１７に複数の軸方向の
貫通孔１９が全周にわたって等間隔に設けられている。
周壁１６の外面には直径方向に相対する位置に軸方向に
延びる一対の凸条１８が形成されている。The fixed blade 14 has a cylindrical peripheral wall 16 and
, A donut plate portion 17 protruding inward from the peripheral wall 16, and a plurality of axial through holes 19 are provided in the donut plate portion 17 at equal intervals over the entire circumference.
A pair of ridges 18 extending in the axial direction are formed on the outer surface of the peripheral wall 16 at positions diametrically opposed to each other.
【００４１】これら固定刃１４は、ケーシング本体１２
の内部に他端開口から嵌め込まれ、該本体１２の一端部
の内径が若干小さくなった小径部をストッパ２０として
蓋体１３によって保持されている。従って、各固定刃１
４の周壁１６は軸方向に相隣る固定刃１４の凸刃同士の
間隔を一定に保つスペーサとして働いている。また、各
固定刃１４の凸条１８は、ケーシング本体１２の内周面
に形成された軸方向に延びる凹溝（図示省略）に嵌ま
り、固定刃１４の回り止めに働いている。These fixed blades 14 are attached to the casing body 12.
The main body 12 is held by the lid 13 as a stopper 20 with a small-diameter portion having a slightly smaller inside diameter at one end. Therefore, each fixed blade 1
The peripheral wall 16 functions as a spacer for keeping the interval between the convex blades of the fixed blades 14 adjacent in the axial direction constant. The ridges 18 of the fixed blades 14 are fitted into axially extending grooves (not shown) formed on the inner peripheral surface of the casing body 12 and serve to prevent the fixed blades 14 from rotating.
【００４２】回転刃１５は、中央のボス部２１と、図４
に示すように該ボス部２１より外方へ突出したドーナツ
板部２２とを備え、該ドーナツ板部２２に複数の軸方向
の貫通孔２３が全周にわたって等間隔に設けられてい
る。ボス部２１の内周面には直径方向に相対する位置に
一対の凹溝２８が軸方向に形成されている。The rotary blade 15 has a central boss 21 and
And a donut plate portion 22 protruding outward from the boss portion 21 as shown in FIG. 3, and a plurality of axial through holes 23 are provided in the donut plate portion 22 at equal intervals over the entire circumference. A pair of concave grooves 28 are formed in the inner peripheral surface of the boss portion 21 at positions opposed to each other in the diameter direction in the axial direction.
【００４３】これら回転刃１５は、ケーシング１１の中
心に配設された回転軸２４に嵌められ、該回転軸２４の
一端の大径部をストッパ２５として他端側に設けられた
止め輪（図示省略）によって保持されている。この場
合、各回転刃１５のボス部２１が軸方向に相隣る回転刃
１５の凸刃同士の間隔を一定に保つスペーサとして働
く。また、各回転刃１５の凹溝２８は、回転軸２４の外
周面に形成された軸方向の凸条（図示省略）に嵌まり、
回転刃１５の回り止めに働いている。These rotary blades 15 are fitted on a rotary shaft 24 disposed at the center of the casing 11, and a large diameter portion at one end of the rotary shaft 24 is used as a stopper 25 to form a retaining ring (not shown) provided at the other end. (Omitted). In this case, the boss portions 21 of the rotary blades 15 function as spacers for keeping the interval between the convex blades of the rotary blades 15 adjacent in the axial direction constant. In addition, the concave groove 28 of each rotary blade 15 is fitted into an axial ridge (not shown) formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 24,
It works to prevent the rotation of the rotary blade 15.
【００４４】上記固定刃１４の貫通孔１９と回転刃１５
の貫通孔２３とは同一円周上に配置されている。すなわ
ち、回転刃１５の各貫通孔２３はその回転運動軌跡と固
定刃１４の各貫通孔１９とが軸方向にオーバーラップす
るように形成されている。固定刃１４のドーナツ板部１
７と回転刃１５のドーナツ板部２２との軸方向の間隔、
すなわち、固定刃１４と回転刃１５とのクリアランスは
０．１〜０．５ｍｍに設定されている。固定刃１４のド
ーナツ板部１７の内周面と回転刃１５のボス部２１の外
周面との間隔、並びに固定刃１４の周壁１６の内周面と
回転刃１５のドーナツ板部２２の外周面との間隔も上記
クリアランスと同様の寸法に設定されている。The through hole 19 of the fixed blade 14 and the rotary blade 15
Are arranged on the same circumference as the through hole 23. That is, each through hole 23 of the rotary blade 15 is formed such that its rotational motion locus and each through hole 19 of the fixed blade 14 overlap in the axial direction. Donut plate part 1 of fixed blade 14
7 and the axial distance between the donut plate portion 22 of the rotary blade 15,
That is, the clearance between the fixed blade 14 and the rotary blade 15 is set to 0.1 to 0.5 mm. The distance between the inner peripheral surface of the donut plate portion 17 of the fixed blade 14 and the outer peripheral surface of the boss portion 21 of the rotary blade 15, and the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 16 of the fixed blade 14 and the outer peripheral surface of the donut plate portion 22 of the rotary blade 15 Is set to the same size as the clearance.
【００４５】また、上記固定刃１４の貫通孔１９の配設
ピッチと回転刃１５の貫通孔２３の配設ピッチとは相異
なり、上記クリアランスを存して軸方向に相隣る一対の
固定刃１４と回転刃１５とは、互いの貫通孔１９と貫通
孔２３とが軸方向にラップしている部分の面積の合計
値、換言すれば、固定刃１４の貫通孔１９の開口率が、
該回転刃１５の全ての回転位置において略等しくなって
いる。The arrangement pitch of the through holes 19 of the fixed blade 14 is different from the arrangement pitch of the through holes 23 of the rotary blade 15, and a pair of fixed blades adjacent to each other in the axial direction with the clearance are provided. 14 and the rotary blade 15 have a total value of the area where the through-hole 19 and the through-hole 23 overlap each other in the axial direction, in other words, the opening ratio of the through-hole 19 of the fixed blade 14 is
The rotation blade 15 is substantially equal at all rotation positions.
【００４６】そうして、上記ケーシング１１は、上記固
定刃１４及び回転刃１５の群を間において、軸方向の一
方の側、具体的には蓋体１３の側壁に汚泥流入口２６を
有し、軸方向の他方の側、具体的には本体１２の端壁に
破砕処理物の流出口２７を有する。ケーシング１１の蓋
体１３にはカバー３０が固定され、回転軸２４は蓋体１
３及びカバー３０を貫通して外部へ突出し、該突出部は
モータ３１の出力軸（図示省略）に減速機（図示省略）
を介して結合されている。また、カバー３０内にはシー
ル３２が設けられている。The casing 11 has a sludge inlet 26 on one side in the axial direction, specifically, on the side wall of the lid 13 between the group of the fixed blades 14 and the rotary blades 15. On the other side in the axial direction, specifically, on the end wall of the main body 12, an outlet 27 for the crushed material is provided. The cover 30 is fixed to the lid 13 of the casing 11, and the rotating shaft 24 is
3 and the cover 30 and project to the outside, and the projecting portion is connected to an output shaft (not shown) of the motor 31 by a speed reducer (not shown).
Are coupled through. A seal 32 is provided inside the cover 30.
【００４７】なお、図２に鎖線で示すように回転軸２４
には上記流入口２６の側に汚泥の流出口２７側への送り
を推進する羽根車２９を設けるようにしてもよい。As shown by a chain line in FIG.
An impeller 29 may be provided on the side of the inflow port 26 for promoting the feed of sludge to the outflow port 27 side.
【００４８】また、上記ケーシング１１は、汚泥が流入
口２６から流入して流出口２７から流出するまでの滞留
時間が５〜３０分程度になるようにその容積が設定さ
れ、また、汚泥の処理温度が冷間時でも４０℃前後にな
るように保温するヒータ（図示省略）を備えている。The volume of the casing 11 is set so that the residence time of the sludge flowing from the inlet 26 to the outlet 27 is about 5 to 30 minutes. A heater (not shown) for keeping the temperature at around 40 ° C. even when the temperature is cold is provided.
【００４９】従って、上記有機性汚水の処理装置におい
ては、活性汚泥処理槽１に供給された有機性汚水は、エ
アレーションにより、溶存酸素の存在下で微生物フロッ
クと接触して好気的に酸化・分解され、得られた活性汚
泥処理水は固液分離槽２に送られる。固液分離槽２で分
離された処理水（上澄み液）は該槽２から排出され、沈
降した汚泥は制御装置１０の作動信号に基いてポンプ７
によって汚泥破砕装置９に送られ、破砕処理物は活性汚
泥処理槽１へ返送される。Therefore, in the organic wastewater treatment apparatus, the organic wastewater supplied to the activated sludge treatment tank 1 is aerobically oxidized by contact with the microbial floc in the presence of dissolved oxygen by aeration. The activated sludge treated water obtained by the decomposition is sent to the solid-liquid separation tank 2. The treated water (supernatant) separated in the solid-liquid separation tank 2 is discharged from the tank 2, and the settled sludge is pumped based on an operation signal of the control device 10.
Is sent to the sludge crushing device 9, and the crushed material is returned to the activated sludge treatment tank 1.
【００５０】上記汚泥破砕装置９においては、ケーシン
グ１１内に流入口２６より流入した汚泥がポンプ７の送
り力と羽根車２９の推進力とによって固定刃１４の周壁
１６と回転刃１５のボス部２１との間を流出口２７に向
けて軸方向に送られる。この送りにおいて、汚泥中の上
記クリアランスよりも大きな原生動物等は固定刃１４の
貫通孔１９を通過するときに回転刃１５の回転によっ
て、固定刃１４の貫通孔１９の縁部と回転刃１５の貫通
孔２３の縁部との協働によって切断され、あるいは粘着
物質がはぎ取られ、あるいは細胞壁が破壊されて、その
細胞内容物が溶出することになる。これにより、原生動
物等は活性汚泥処理に適した有機栄養源となる。In the sludge crusher 9, the sludge flowing into the casing 11 from the inflow port 26 is fed by the pump 7 and the impeller 29 by the peripheral wall 16 of the fixed blade 14 and the boss of the rotary blade 15. 21 to the outlet 27 in the axial direction. In this feeding, the protozoa and the like larger than the clearance in the sludge pass through the through-hole 19 of the fixed blade 14, and the rotation of the rotary blade 15 causes the edge of the through-hole 19 of the fixed blade 14 and the rotary blade 15 to rotate. It is cut in cooperation with the edge of the through-hole 23, the adhesive substance is peeled off, or the cell wall is broken, and the cell contents are eluted. Thus, protozoa and the like become organic nutrient sources suitable for activated sludge treatment.
【００５１】一方、上記クリアランスよりも小さな細菌
・真菌類は、固定刃１４のドーナツ板部１７の内周面と
回転刃１５のボス部２１の外周面との隙間、上記クリア
ランス、及び固定刃１４の周壁１６の内周面と回転刃１
５のドーナツ板部２２の外周面との隙間を通り抜け、ほ
とんど無傷のまま流出口２７側へ送られる。On the other hand, bacteria and fungi smaller than the clearance may be removed from the gap between the inner peripheral surface of the donut plate 17 of the fixed blade 14 and the outer peripheral surface of the boss 21 of the rotary blade 15, the clearance, and the fixed blade 14. Inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 16 and the rotary blade 1
5 through the gap with the outer peripheral surface of the donut plate portion 22, and is sent to the outlet 27 side almost intact.
【００５２】従って、上記汚泥は、汚泥破砕装置９によ
る破砕処理により、細菌・真菌類と有機栄養源との液状
混合物となって活性汚泥処理槽１に送られ、該処理槽１
の処理液（有機性汚水）に溶け込むことになる。そうし
て、その有機栄養源が活性汚泥処理槽１に元から存在す
る細菌・真菌類と汚泥破砕装置９から送られる細菌・真
菌類とに摂取され、それら菌類の生活エネルギーとして
消費される（ＣＯ2及びＨ2Ｏに変わる）ことにより、汚
泥の減容化が図れる。また、汚泥破砕装置９からは細菌
・真菌類と有機栄養源との混合物が活性汚泥処理槽１に
送られるから、該処理槽１の栄養バランスが大きく崩れ
ることはない。Accordingly, the above-mentioned sludge is sent to the activated sludge treatment tank 1 as a liquid mixture of bacteria / fungi and organic nutrients by the crushing treatment by the sludge crusher 9.
In the treatment liquid (organic wastewater). Then, the organic nutrient is taken up by the bacteria and fungi originally existing in the activated sludge treatment tank 1 and the bacteria and fungi sent from the sludge crushing device 9 and consumed as living energy of the fungi ( (Instead of CO 2 and H 2 O), the volume of sludge can be reduced. In addition, since the mixture of bacteria and fungi and the organic nutrients is sent from the sludge crusher 9 to the activated sludge treatment tank 1, the nutritional balance of the treatment tank 1 does not significantly deteriorate.
【００５３】また、固定刃１４の貫通孔１９の開口率が
回転刃１５の全ての回転位置において略等しくなってい
るから、所謂脈動を生ずることが避けられ、振動・騒音
が小さくなる。Further, since the opening ratio of the through hole 19 of the fixed blade 14 is substantially equal at all rotation positions of the rotary blade 15, so-called pulsation is avoided, and vibration and noise are reduced.
【００５４】＜実施形態２＞本形態については図５に示
されており、汚泥減容化システムの他の例である。本形
態では、汚泥破砕装置９によって破砕処理された処理物
をポンプ７の上流側に戻すために、ポンプ７から固液分
離槽２への汚泥の逆流を防止する逆止弁３５と、汚泥破
砕装置９から活性汚泥処理槽１へ向かう管路を絞る可変
絞り弁３６とが汚泥返送管６に設けられ、該絞り弁３６
の上流側から逆止弁３５の下流側に至る汚泥循環用管３
７が設けられている。これらの点を除き他の構成は実施
形態１と同じである。<Embodiment 2> This embodiment is shown in FIG. 5, which is another example of a sludge volume reducing system. In this embodiment, in order to return the processed material crushed by the sludge crushing device 9 to the upstream side of the pump 7, a check valve 35 for preventing backflow of sludge from the pump 7 to the solid-liquid separation tank 2, and a sludge crushing device A variable throttle valve 36 for narrowing a pipe from the device 9 to the activated sludge treatment tank 1 is provided in the sludge return pipe 6.
3 for sludge circulation from the upstream side of the tank to the downstream side of the check valve 35
7 are provided. Except for these points, the other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.
【００５５】従って、本形態の場合は、可変絞り弁３６
による絞りの調節によって、汚泥破砕装置９で破砕され
た処理物の一部又は全部をポンプ７の上流側に戻すこと
ができ、活性汚泥処理槽１への破砕処理物の供給量の調
節に有利になり、また、汚泥を確実に破砕する上でも有
利になる。Therefore, in the case of this embodiment, the variable throttle valve 36
By the adjustment of the squeezing, a part or all of the processed material crushed by the sludge crusher 9 can be returned to the upstream side of the pump 7, which is advantageous for adjusting the supply amount of the crushed material to the activated sludge processing tank 1. It is also advantageous in reliably crushing sludge.
【００５６】＜実施形態３＞本形態については図６に示
されており、汚泥減容化システムのさらに他の例であ
る。先の各実施形態では汚泥破砕装置９が活性汚泥処理
槽１の外に設けられているが、本形態では汚泥破砕装置
９が活性汚泥処理槽１の中に設けられ、汚泥返送管６が
固液分離槽２の汚泥を活性汚泥処理槽１に直接返送する
ように構成されている点が実施形態１と相違する。汚泥
破砕装置９は、活性汚泥処理槽１の側壁に固定されたガ
イド柱３９に上下動自在に支持されており、適宜深さに
存する汚泥を取り込んで破砕し再び活性汚泥処理槽１内
に戻すようになっている。<Embodiment 3> This embodiment is shown in FIG. 6, which is still another example of the sludge volume reducing system. In each of the above embodiments, the sludge crushing device 9 is provided outside the activated sludge treatment tank 1, but in this embodiment, the sludge crushing device 9 is provided in the activated sludge treatment tank 1, and the sludge return pipe 6 is fixed. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the sludge in the liquid separation tank 2 is directly returned to the activated sludge treatment tank 1. The sludge crushing device 9 is vertically movably supported by guide columns 39 fixed to the side wall of the activated sludge treatment tank 1, takes in sludge existing at an appropriate depth, crushes the sludge, and returns it to the activated sludge treatment tank 1 again. It has become.
【００５７】従って、固液分離によって得られた汚泥は
破砕されることなく活性汚泥処理槽１に返送されるが、
ＭＬＳＳ濃度を所定範囲に保つために必要な量の汚泥が
該活性汚泥処理槽１内において汚泥破砕装置９に取り込
まれて破砕され、有機栄養源と細菌・真菌類との混合物
として該処理槽１に再び戻されるから、先の実施形態と
同様に汚泥の減容化が図れる。Therefore, the sludge obtained by the solid-liquid separation is returned to the activated sludge treatment tank 1 without being crushed.
An amount of sludge necessary to keep the MLSS concentration within a predetermined range is taken into the sludge crushing device 9 in the activated sludge treatment tank 1 and crushed, and is treated as a mixture of an organic nutrient source and bacteria and fungi. The sludge volume can be reduced similarly to the previous embodiment.
【００５８】＜実施形態４＞本形態については図７及び
図８に示されており、汚泥破砕装置９の固定刃１４及び
回転刃１５の他の例である。<Embodiment 4> This embodiment is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, which is another example of the fixed blade 14 and the rotary blade 15 of the sludge crushing device 9.
【００５９】図７に示すように、固定刃１４は、実施形
態１のものと同様の円筒状周壁１６と、該周壁１６より
全周にわたって内方へ突出したリング状フランジ４１
と、該フランジ４１の全周にわたって等間隔に設けられ
該フランジ４１より内方へ突出した複数の凸刃４２とに
よって構成されている。また、周壁１６の外面には実施
形態１と同様に一対の凸条１８が形成されている。As shown in FIG. 7, the fixed blade 14 includes a cylindrical peripheral wall 16 similar to that of the first embodiment and a ring-shaped flange 41 protruding inward over the entire circumference from the peripheral wall 16.
And a plurality of convex blades 42 provided at equal intervals over the entire circumference of the flange 41 and protruding inward from the flange 41. A pair of ridges 18 is formed on the outer surface of the peripheral wall 16 as in the first embodiment.
【００６０】図８に示すように、回転刃１５は、中央の
ボス部２１と、該ボス部２１より全周にわたって外方へ
突出したリング状フランジ４３と、該フランジ４３の全
周にわたって等間隔に設けられ該フランジ４３より外方
へ突出した複数の凸刃４４とによって構成されている。
また、ボス部２０の内周面には実施形態１と同様に一対
の凹溝２８が形成されている。As shown in FIG. 8, the rotary blade 15 has a central boss 21, a ring-shaped flange 43 protruding outward from the boss 21 over the entire circumference, and an equal interval over the entire circumference of the flange 43. And a plurality of convex blades 44 protruding outward from the flange 43.
Further, a pair of concave grooves 28 are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the boss portion 20 as in the first embodiment.
【００６１】上記固定刃１４の凸刃４２と回転刃１５の
凸刃４４とは、該回転刃１５の凸刃４４の回転運動軌跡
と固定刃１４の各凸刃４２とが軸方向にみてオーバーラ
ップするように同一円周上に配置されている。この固定
刃１４の凸刃４２の配設ピッチと回転刃１５の凸刃４４
の配設ピッチとは相異なり、固定刃１４の相隣る凸刃４
２，４２間の各凹部によって構成される開口（汚泥通過
部）の開口率は、回転刃１５の全ての回転位置において
略等しくなっている。また、上記固定刃１４及び回転刃
１５は、実施形態１と同様の態様でケーシング１１及び
回転軸２４に取付けられて、同様のクリアランス及び隙
間設定がなされる。The convex blades 42 of the fixed blade 14 and the convex blades 44 of the rotary blade 15 are different from each other in that the rotational movement trajectory of the convex blade 44 of the rotary blade 15 and each of the convex blades 42 of the fixed blade 14 are overlooked in the axial direction. They are arranged on the same circumference so as to wrap. The arrangement pitch of the convex blades 42 of the fixed blade 14 and the convex blades 44 of the rotary blade 15
Is different from the arrangement pitch of the convex blades 4 adjacent to the fixed blade 14.
The opening ratios of the openings (sludge passage portions) formed by the respective concave portions between the rotary blades 2 and 42 are substantially equal at all rotation positions of the rotary blade 15. The fixed blade 14 and the rotary blade 15 are attached to the casing 11 and the rotary shaft 24 in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the same clearance and gap are set.
【００６２】従って、本形態の場合、汚泥は、固定刃１
４の相隣る凸刃４２，４２間、すなわち凹部を軸方向に
通過する際に、回転刃１５の凸刃４４が回転移動してき
て破砕されることになり、実施形態１と同様の作用効果
が得られる。Therefore, in the case of this embodiment, the sludge is supplied to the fixed blade 1
4, when passing in the axial direction between the adjacent convex blades 42, 42, that is, the concave portions, the convex blade 44 of the rotary blade 15 is rotated and crushed, and the same operation and effect as in the first embodiment are obtained. Is obtained.
【００６３】なお、上記実施形態１〜３では、固液分離
槽２によって得られた汚泥を全て活性汚泥処理槽１へ戻
すようにしているが、該分離汚泥の一部を戻して汚泥破
砕装置９によって破砕するようにしてもよい。In the first to third embodiments, all the sludge obtained by the solid-liquid separation tank 2 is returned to the activated sludge treatment tank 1. However, a part of the separated sludge is returned to the sludge crusher. 9 may be used for crushing.
【００６４】また、汚泥破砕装置９によって破砕した汚
泥については、その一部を活性汚泥処理槽１に戻すよう
にし、残部を別の好気性又は嫌気性の生物学的処理槽へ
送って処理するようにしてもよい。A part of the sludge crushed by the sludge crushing device 9 is returned to the activated sludge treatment tank 1, and the remaining part is sent to another aerobic or anaerobic biological treatment tank for treatment. You may do so.
【００６５】また、汚泥破砕装置９によって破砕した汚
泥の全部を元の活性汚泥処理槽１に戻すことなく、別の
好気性又は嫌気性の生物学的処理槽へ送って処理し、そ
こで発生した汚泥については、沈殿分離させた後に、脱
水、乾燥、焼却等の処理に回すようにしてもよい。Further, all of the sludge crushed by the sludge crushing device 9 is sent to another aerobic or anaerobic biological treatment tank without being returned to the original activated sludge treatment tank 1, and generated there. Sludge may be settled and separated and then sent to a process such as dehydration, drying, or incineration.
【００６６】また、上記実施形態１の汚泥破砕装置９で
は羽根車をケーシング内の汚泥流入口側に設けたが、流
出口側に設けてもよい。In the sludge crushing apparatus 9 of the first embodiment, the impeller is provided at the sludge inlet side in the casing, but may be provided at the outlet side.
【図１】実施形態１に係る有機性汚水処理装置の断面
図。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an organic wastewater treatment apparatus according to a first embodiment.
【図２】同形態の汚泥破砕装置の断面図。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the sludge crusher of the same embodiment.
【図３】同汚泥破砕装置の固定刃の平面図。FIG. 3 is a plan view of a fixed blade of the sludge crushing apparatus.
【図４】同破砕装置の回転刃の平面図。FIG. 4 is a plan view of a rotary blade of the crushing apparatus.
【図５】実施形態２に係る有機性汚水処理装置の断面
図。FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an organic wastewater treatment apparatus according to a second embodiment.
【図６】実施形態３に係る有機性汚水処理装置の断面
図。FIG. 6 is a sectional view of an organic wastewater treatment apparatus according to a third embodiment.
【図７】実施形態４に係る固定刃の平面図。FIG. 7 is a plan view of a fixed blade according to a fourth embodiment.
【図８】同形態に係る回転刃の平面図。FIG. 8 is a plan view of the rotary blade according to the same embodiment.
１ 活性汚泥処理槽（生物学的処理手段） ２ 固液分離槽（固液分離手段） ３ 水中エアレータ ４ ブロア ５ ＭＬＳＳ濃度計 ６ 汚泥返送管 ７ 汚泥供給ポンプ ９ 汚泥破砕装置 １０ 制御装置 １１ ケーシング １４ 固定刃 １５ 回転刃 １９ 貫通孔 ２３ 貫通孔 ２４ 回転軸 ４２ 凸刃 ４４ 凸刃 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 activated sludge treatment tank (biological treatment means) 2 solid-liquid separation tank (solid-liquid separation means) 3 underwater aerator 4 blower 5 MLSS concentration meter 6 sludge return pipe 7 sludge supply pump 9 sludge crushing device 10 control device 11 casing 14 Fixed blade 15 Rotary blade 19 Through hole 23 Through hole 24 Rotary shaft 42 Convex blade 44 Convex blade
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 山本 寛治 兵庫県宝塚市新明和町１番１号 新明和工 業株式会社産機システム事業部内 Ｆターム(参考） 4D028 AB00 BA00 BC18 BC24 BC28 CA05 CA10 CC01 CC05 4D059 AA03 AA05 BK11 CB12 CB30 4D065 CA18 CB03 CC01 DD11 EA08 EB17 EC09 ED46 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Hiroharu Yamamoto 1-1, Shinmeiwa-cho, Takarazuka-shi, Hyogo F-term in Industrial Machinery Systems Division, Shinmeiwa Kogyo Co., Ltd. 4D028 AB00 BA00 BC18 BC24 BC28 CA05 CA10 CC01 CC05 4D059 AA03 AA05 BK11 CB12 CB30 4D065 CA18 CB03 CC01 DD11 EA08 EB17 EC09 ED46
Claims (8)
する汚泥が流入するケーシングと、 上記ケーシングの内周面に固定された固定刃と、 上記ケーシングに軸支され上記固定刃との協働によって
汚泥を破砕する回転刃と、 上記回転刃を回転駆動する駆動手段とを備えている汚泥
破砕装置。1. A casing into which sludge generated by biological treatment of organic sewage flows, a fixed blade fixed to an inner peripheral surface of the casing, and cooperation of the fixed blade pivotally supported by the casing. A sludge crushing apparatus comprising: a rotary blade that crushes sludge by using the rotary blade; and a driving unit that rotationally drives the rotary blade.
て、 上記固定刃は、上記ケーシングの内周面より周方向に間
隔をおいて内方へ突出する複数の凸刃を有し、 上記回転刃は、円板形であって、その外周面に周方向に
間隔をおいて外方へ突出した複数の凸刃を有し、該凸刃
の回転運動軌跡と上記固定刃の各凸刃とが軸方向にみて
オーバーラップするように配置され、 上記ケーシングは、上記固定刃と回転刃とを間において
上記軸方向の一方の側に汚泥流入口を有し、他方の側に
破砕処理物流出口を有する汚泥破砕装置。2. The sludge crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the fixed blade has a plurality of convex blades projecting inward at intervals in a circumferential direction from an inner peripheral surface of the casing, and The blade has a disk shape, and has a plurality of convex blades projecting outward at an interval in a circumferential direction on an outer peripheral surface thereof, and a rotational motion locus of the convex blade and each convex blade of the fixed blade. Are disposed so as to overlap in the axial direction, and the casing has a sludge inlet on one side in the axial direction between the fixed blade and the rotary blade, and a crushing treatment logistics outlet on the other side. Sludge crushing device having
て、 上記固定刃の凸刃の配設ピッチと上記回転刃の凸刃の配
設ピッチとが相異なる汚泥破砕装置。3. The sludge crushing device according to claim 2, wherein a pitch at which the convex blades of the fixed blades are arranged is different from a pitch at which the convex blades of the rotary blades are arranged.
て、 上記固定刃は、リング形であって、周方向に間隔をおい
て形成された複数の軸方向の貫通孔を有し、 上記回転刃は、上記リング形固定刃と同軸に設けられた
円板形であって、周方向に間隔をおいて形成された複数
の軸方向の貫通孔を有し、上記固定刃に対して軸方向に
みてオーバーラップするように配置され、 上記ケーシングは、上記固定刃と回転刃とを間において
上記軸方向の一方の側に汚泥流入口を有し、他方の側に
破砕処理物流出口を有する汚泥破砕装置。4. The sludge crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the fixed blade has a ring shape and has a plurality of axial through holes formed at intervals in a circumferential direction, and The blade has a disk shape provided coaxially with the ring-shaped fixed blade, has a plurality of axial through holes formed at intervals in the circumferential direction, and is axially oriented with respect to the fixed blade. Wherein the casing has a sludge inlet on one side in the axial direction between the fixed blade and the rotary blade, and a sludge having a crushing treatment distribution outlet on the other side. Crushing equipment.
て、 上記回転刃は、その各貫通孔の回転運動軌跡と上記固定
刃の各貫通孔とが軸方向にオーバーラップするように形
成されている汚泥破砕装置。5. The sludge crushing device according to claim 4, wherein the rotary blade is formed such that a rotational motion trajectory of each through hole and each through hole of the fixed blade overlap in the axial direction. Sludge crushing equipment.
て、 上記固定刃の貫通孔の配設ピッチと上記回転刃の貫通孔
の配設ピッチとが相異なる汚泥破砕装置。6. The sludge crushing device according to claim 5, wherein a pitch at which the through holes of the fixed blade are arranged and a pitch at which the through holes of the rotary blade are arranged are different.
的処理手段と、 上記生物学的処理が施された処理液を固液分離する固液
分離手段と、 上記固液分離によって得られた分離汚泥の少なくとも一
部を破砕する汚泥破砕手段とを備え、 上記汚泥破砕手段によって破砕された汚泥の少なくとも
一部を上記生物学的処理手段に戻すようにした有機性汚
水の処理装置において、 上記汚泥破砕手段が、請求項１乃至請求項６のいずれか
一に記載されている汚泥処理装置によって構成されてい
る有機性汚水の処理装置。7. Biological treatment means for biologically treating organic wastewater, solid-liquid separation means for solid-liquid separation of the treated liquid subjected to the biological treatment, and solid-liquid separation obtained by the solid-liquid separation. Sludge crushing means for crushing at least a part of the separated sludge, wherein the at least a part of the sludge crushed by the sludge crushing means is returned to the biological treatment means. An organic wastewater treatment device, wherein the sludge crushing means is constituted by the sludge treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
的処理槽内に、請求項１乃至請求項６のいずれか一に記
載されている汚泥破砕装置が設けられている有機性汚水
の処理装置。8. An organic sewage provided with the sludge crushing device according to claim 1 in a biological treatment tank for biologically treating the organic sewage. Processing equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11159332A JP2000343098A (en) | 1999-06-07 | 1999-06-07 | Sludge crusher and organic sewage treating device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11159332A JP2000343098A (en) | 1999-06-07 | 1999-06-07 | Sludge crusher and organic sewage treating device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000343098A true JP2000343098A (en) | 2000-12-12 |
Family
ID=15691518
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11159332A Pending JP2000343098A (en) | 1999-06-07 | 1999-06-07 | Sludge crusher and organic sewage treating device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000343098A (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002219376A (en) * | 2001-01-26 | 2002-08-06 | Mitsubishi Rayon Eng Co Ltd | Method for crushing sludge |
| JP2004181349A (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2004-07-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Apparatus and method for sludge treatment |
| JP2007021285A (en) * | 2005-07-12 | 2007-02-01 | Mitsubishi Rayon Eng Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for reducing volume of excess sludge |
| KR100814405B1 (en) | 2007-04-10 | 2008-03-18 | 이순화 | Sludge disintegrator |
| JP2009056389A (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-19 | Panasonic Corp | Continuous emulsion dispersion treatment device |
| CN104909525A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-09-16 | 湖南省九方环保机械有限公司 | Sludge powder mixing machine |
| JP2015533642A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2015-11-26 | ディー．シー． ウォーター アンド スーアー オーソリティー | Method and apparatus for water treatment using a screen |
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| CN109320030A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-02-12 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of excess sludge small molecule reactor of petrochemical wastewater treatment process |
| US10464832B2 (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2019-11-05 | D.C. Water & Sewer Authority | Apparatus for water treatment using a physical separator |
| CN110606645A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-12-24 | 安徽百和环境技术有限公司 | Sludge drying and carbonizing combined heat treatment equipment |
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1999
- 1999-06-07 JP JP11159332A patent/JP2000343098A/en active Pending
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002219376A (en) * | 2001-01-26 | 2002-08-06 | Mitsubishi Rayon Eng Co Ltd | Method for crushing sludge |
| JP2004181349A (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2004-07-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Apparatus and method for sludge treatment |
| JP2007021285A (en) * | 2005-07-12 | 2007-02-01 | Mitsubishi Rayon Eng Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for reducing volume of excess sludge |
| KR100814405B1 (en) | 2007-04-10 | 2008-03-18 | 이순화 | Sludge disintegrator |
| JP2009056389A (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-19 | Panasonic Corp | Continuous emulsion dispersion treatment device |
| US10287195B2 (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2019-05-14 | District Of Columbia Water And Sewer Authority | Method and apparatus for water treatment using screens |
| JP2015533642A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2015-11-26 | ディー．シー． ウォーター アンド スーアー オーソリティー | Method and apparatus for water treatment using a screen |
| US9802847B2 (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2017-10-31 | D.C. Water & Sewer Authority | Method and apparatus for wastewater treatment using screens |
| US10464832B2 (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2019-11-05 | D.C. Water & Sewer Authority | Apparatus for water treatment using a physical separator |
| CN104909525A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-09-16 | 湖南省九方环保机械有限公司 | Sludge powder mixing machine |
| CN109196088A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2019-01-11 | 日环特殊株式会社 | The application method of cell wall or cellular membrane disruption device and the device |
| US11338300B2 (en) | 2016-05-27 | 2022-05-24 | Nikkan Tokushu Co., Ltd. | Cell wall or cell membrane disrupting device, and method of using the same |
| JP6271787B1 (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2018-01-31 | 日環特殊株式会社 | Sludge treatment system that produces biogas |
| JP2018143979A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2018-09-20 | 日環特殊株式会社 | Sludge treatment system generating biogas |
| CN109320030A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-02-12 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of excess sludge small molecule reactor of petrochemical wastewater treatment process |
| CN110606645A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-12-24 | 安徽百和环境技术有限公司 | Sludge drying and carbonizing combined heat treatment equipment |
| CN114100164A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2022-03-01 | 承德石油高等专科学校 | Uniform dropping device for mixed liquid |
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