JP2000320698A - Fluid passage switching apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluid passage switching apparatus having structure to simultaneously open and close a plurality of flow passages and switch a flow passage by a single apparatus instead of the use of only a plurality of three-way cocks as conventional one regarding switching of a fluid passage when a plurality of passages are used at the same time. SOLUTION: A fluid flow passage switching apparatus located in a fluid passage comprises a fixed casing 2 having a hollow part 3 having at least one end being opened, a nest 4 relatively movably fitted in the fixed casing, and a part where the fixed casing and the nest are communicated to each other in the fluid passage switching apparatus. By relatively moving the nest in the rotation direction and/or the axial direction, a plurality of passages are simultaneously switched to form the structure of the fluid passage switching apparatus.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device such as a valve or a cock having a movable mechanism that can be interposed in a fluid flow path to open and close the flow path. The present invention relates to a structure of a fluid flow path switch that can simultaneously perform the flow path switching.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a fluid such as a gas or a liquid is processed by a plurality of devices, the respective devices are generally connected by piping, and the fluid is circulated by pressurizing or depressurizing a flow path. For example, when recovering an organic solvent vapor, the solvent vapor is usually generated by an evaporator such as a rotary evaporator and the solvent vapor is collected by an organic solvent recovery device (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-1090).
No. 01), and in order to efficiently evaporate the solvent, a means for sucking gas and reducing the pressure by a gas suction device such as a vacuum pump or an ejector is employed.

At this time, in order to efficiently reduce the pressure,
A gas suction device is often installed after the organic solvent recovery device. However, when the boiling point of the organic solvent is low, the efficiency is reduced when the organic solvent is cooled and condensed under reduced pressure. Therefore, it is necessary to recover the organic solvent under normal pressure. It will be installed before the solvent recovery device.

That is, in such an organic solvent recovery system, a flow path of evaporator-organic solvent recovery device-gas suction device and a flow channel of evaporator-gas suction device-organic solvent recovery device are provided according to the boiling point of the organic solvent. It is desirable to use the road together.

However, when such a plurality of fluid flow paths are used in combination, there has hitherto been no apparatus capable of easily switching the fluid flow paths, and the following method has been employed. That is, the first method is to install two gas suction devices before and after the organic solvent recovery device. However, this method is not a preferable method because it requires not only the cost of adding the gas suction device but also the space required for the addition. The second is a method of connecting and disconnecting pipes each time the fluid flow path is switched. However, this is adopted because the treatment of the organic solvent is contrary to the general principle that a closed system is used so that the organic solvent is not released to the atmosphere. hard.

Therefore, conventionally, a plurality of three-way cocks have been used to switch the flow path. However, when the above-described flow path of evaporator-organic solvent recovery device-gas suction device is used in combination with the flow path of evaporator-gas suction device-organic solvent recovery device, as shown in FIG. 5
The three three-way cocks 81, 82, 83, 84, 85 are required, and every time the flow paths are switched, it is necessary to switch the flow paths of all the five three-way cocks. As a result, there is a problem that the switching operation of the flow path is extremely complicated, and the organic solvent recovery device does not function just by erroneously performing the switching operation of one three-way cock.

As described above, regarding the recovery of the organic solvent,
Conventionally, at least five three-way cocks are required simply by switching the flow path to two, and further three-way cocks need to be installed when switching the flow path further or when the number of processing devices further increases. . Therefore, due to the complexity and difficulty of properly switching all three-way cocks, it is presently the case that the same type of processing device, for example, a plurality of gas suction devices is installed, and the installation of the three-way cock is minimized. is there. Further, the switching of the flow path is not limited to the case of the gas such as the solvent vapor described above, and is also performed in the case of the combination of the processing such as neutralization and the synthesis with the pressure reduction or the pressurization in the liquid flow path.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to switching of gas and liquid flow paths when a plurality of fluid flow paths are used in combination, and has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. . The purpose is to replace a conventional method, for example, only relying on the installation of a plurality of three-way cocks, and use a single device to simultaneously switch a plurality of flow paths with one switching operation. An object of the present invention is to provide a fluid flow path switch having such a structure.

Another object is to provide a structure which is easy to remove and clean because impurities mixed in the fluid often adhere to the switch and impair the airtightness of the switch. To provide a fluid flow path switch having the same.

Still another object is to provide various halogen-based solvents which are required to be completely recovered for environmental protection;
An object of the present invention is to provide a fluid flow path switch having high corrosion resistance, which can be used for highly corrosive gases and liquids.

[0011]

As shown in FIG. 8, a fluid flow path switching device according to the present invention comprises, for example, an organic solvent vapor generator 61, an organic solvent vapor cooling / recovering 62, and a pressure reducing pump 6.
3 is a fluid flow path switch 1 which is interposed in a fluid flow path composed of three devices and a pipe 64 connecting these devices and three or 71, and can simultaneously switch the fluid flow path by one switching operation.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first invention is a fluid flow path switching device interposed in a fluid flow path, wherein a nest 4 serving as a switching valve and a state in which the nest is relatively movable. And a fixed housing 2 having a hollow portion 3 in which an opening 3a to be fitted therein is formed on at least one side surface. The fixed housing has a fluid port 11, 12 or the like provided on an outer surface thereof, and is provided in the hollow portion. A plurality of through-holes, and the nest can be selectively communicated with any adjacent through-hole penetrating the hollow portion of the fixed housing by the relative movement. The outer surface is provided with a plurality of communication grooves 21, 22 and the like.
Furthermore, a bypass communication through-hole 28 for selectively communicating non-adjacent ones of the through-holes penetrating the hollow portion of the fixed housing is provided, and And / or by relatively moving in the axial direction, a plurality of flow paths between the openings of the fixed housing can be simultaneously switched. In the present invention, the fixed housing 2 has a broad concept including a so-called box-shaped shape and a hollow cylindrical body, for example, a tubular body.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the plurality of fluid ports comprise n fluid introduction fluid ports 11, 13 and at least n fluid introduction fluids. That the ports include the ports 12, 14, etc., and that the plurality of communication grooves allow adjacent through-holes to communicate when the nest is at a predetermined position, and separate another set of through-holes when the nest moves a predetermined distance. A fluid flow path switching device characterized by including at least n communication grooves 21 and 22 having a groove length capable of communicating with each other. Here, n is an integer of 3 or more and 10 or less.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIGS.
A fluid flow path switch interposed in a fluid flow path, comprising: a hollow portion 3 having at least one end opened; n fluid introduction fluid ports 11 and 13 provided on an outer surface; and (n + 1) fluids Fluid ports 12, 14, etc. for derivation, wherein openings for introduction and derivation of through-holes extending from the fluid port to the inside of the hollow portion are alternately arranged at substantially equal intervals, and at least one or more. And (n + 1) communicating portions having a groove length capable of connecting the adjacent opening to the outer surface of the fixed casing 2 disposed on substantially the same straight line or on one or more substantially the same circumference. A nest 4 which is provided with grooves 21, 22 and the like, and a communication through-hole 28 formed so as to allow communication between the openings which are not adjacent to each other, and which is relatively movably fitted into the hollow portion; A fluid flow path switching device characterized in that:
Here, n is an integer of 3 or more and 10 or less.

The fourth invention is shown in FIGS.
The above-mentioned n is n = 3 or n = 4, The fluid flow path switching device characterized by the above-mentioned.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, there is provided a fluid flow path switch interposed in a fluid flow path,
A hollow part 3 open at least at one end and an outer surface
Three fluid introduction ports 11, 13, 15;
Fluid ports 12, 14, 16, 20 for deriving fluid
Wherein openings for introduction and introduction of through-holes extending from the fluid port to the inside of the hollow portion are alternately, substantially at equal intervals, and on one or more substantially the same straight line or on one or two Adjacent to the fixed casing 2 disposed on the substantially same circumference as described above, and the four communication grooves 21, 22, 23, and 24 having a groove length that allows the adjacent openings to communicate with the outer surface. A communication through-hole 28 formed so as to allow the opening not to communicate with the opening, and a nest 4 which is relatively movably fitted into the hollow portion. It is a switch.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, a sixth aspect of the present invention is a fluid flow path switching device interposed in a fluid flow path, wherein a hollow portion 3 having at least one end opened and a hollow portion 3 provided on an outer surface are provided.
Fluid ports 11, 13, 15, 17 for introducing fluids
And five fluid outlet ports 12, 14, 16,
18 and 20, wherein openings for introduction and introduction of through-holes extending from the fluid port to the inside of the hollow portion are alternately, substantially equally spaced, and on one or more substantially the same straight line or One or two or more fixed casings 2 arranged on substantially the same circumference, and five communicating grooves 21, 22, 23, 24 each having a groove length capable of communicating the adjacent opening with the outer surface. ,
25, and a nest 4 which is provided with a communication through-hole 28 formed so as to allow communication between the openings which are not adjacent to each other, and which is relatively movably fitted into the hollow portion. This is a fluid flow path switching device.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIGS.
The nest 4 is a fluid flow path switch, wherein the nest 4 is a cylindrical member having a circular horizontal cross-sectional shape.
The present invention is a fluid flow switching device, wherein the nest has a shape of a truncated cone. A ninth aspect of the present invention is the fluid flow path switching device, wherein the nest is a rectangular rod-shaped member or a rod-shaped member having an elliptical horizontal cross-sectional shape. Further, a tenth aspect of the present invention is the fluid flow path switching device, wherein the inner surface of the hollow portion 3 of the fixed housing and the outer surface of the nest 4 include grooves for O-rings.

An eleventh aspect of the present invention is the fluid flow path switch, wherein the material forming at least one of the fixed casing 2 and the nest is a corrosion-resistant material. Also, the first
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fluid flow path switch, wherein the corrosion-resistant material forming the fixed casing 2 is one of a polymer material and a metal material of aluminum or magnesium. The corrosion-resistant material constituting the insert 4 is a fluorocarbon resin.

[0020]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the fluid flow path switching device 1 of the present invention, a nest 4 serving as a switching valve and an opening 3 a into which the nest is fitted in a relatively movable state are formed on at least one side surface. A fixed housing 2 having a hollow portion 3,
It has. The fixed housing has a plurality of fluid ports 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 1 on its outer surface.
8, 20 and a plurality of through holes extending from the fluid port into the hollow portion. In addition, the nest has a plurality of communication grooves on an outer surface thereof so that the nest can selectively communicate with any adjacent through hole penetrating the hollow portion of the fixed housing by the relative movement. 21, 22, 23, 2
4, 25, and a bypass communication through-hole 28 for selectively communicating non-adjacent ones of the through-holes penetrating the hollow portion of the fixed housing.

The term "fluid port" as used herein means a connection port through which fluid is introduced into the fluid flow path switch and from which the fluid is led out. Has also been fulfilled. In an example of an organic solvent recovery system connected through a pipe to an evaporator such as an evaporator, an organic solvent recovery device, or a vacuum pump, for example, fluid ports 11, 13, 1
Numerals 5 and 17 introduce the fluid into the flow path switch, and the fluid port 1
2, 14, 16, 18, and 20 derive fluid from the flow switch.

The number of the above-mentioned fluid ports is determined depending on the number n of the devices required for switching the flow path. The number of the introduction fluid ports is n, and the number of the exit fluid ports is at least n, preferably (n + 1). Have been. Therefore, for example, when switching the flow paths of the three devices of the evaporator, the steam cooling / recovering device, and the gas suction device, three fluid ports are provided for introduction and four fluid ports are provided for derivation, and a total of seven fluid ports are provided. When switching the flow path of the four devices, the fluid port is
And a total of nine for derivation.

Here, n is an integer of 3 or more and 10 or less.
As a technical idea of the present invention, it is not necessary to set upper and lower limits for n. However, in consideration of the advantage of interposing the flow path switching device of the present invention in the fluid flow path, when n is 2 or less, the conventional art is not used. This is because the advantages are less than when a three-way cock is used, and when n is greater than 11, the total number of devices is significantly increased and the system becomes complicated.

The position of the opening for introducing and leading out the through hole extending from the fluid port to the inside of the hollow portion is basically different from the position of the communication groove provided on the outer surface of the insert 4. Determined by the relationship. When the nest is moved in the axial direction to perform the flow path switching operation, it is preferable that the positions of the openings be arranged on substantially the same straight line.
May be arranged on two or more straight lines. on the other hand,
When the flow path switching operation is performed by rotating the nest, it is preferable that the positions of the openings are arranged on substantially the same circumference, and this is arranged on two or more circumferences as shown in FIG. May be provided. The position of the fluid port provided on the outer surface of the fixed housing is not particularly limited, but generally, it penetrates as linearly as possible from the opening of the hollow portion because of the ease of drilling the through hole. It is preferable that the distance be determined in consideration of the design and the design aspect of the flow path switching device. In the case where the fixed housing 4 is manufactured by casting, it is possible to provide not only a straight line but also a curved through hole.

Further, in order to simultaneously switch a plurality of flow paths by relatively moving the nest in the rotational direction and / or the axial direction, it is necessary to provide an opening for introducing and leading out the through hole. It is necessary to arrange them alternately on the inner surface of the hollow part 3, and it is preferable to arrange the openings at substantially equal intervals. Furthermore, although the opening is determined depending on the flow rate per hour required for the fluid, it is considered that there is no problem in processing the fluid unless the opening is very small.

The fixed housing 2 is provided with the hollow portion 3
And if it is of a shape that can drill a plurality of through holes,
It does not need to be a specific shape, and may be a hollow cylindrical body, for example, a tubular body. However, when the through-hole is formed by drilling from the outer surface of the fixed housing, a substantially rectangular parallelepiped or a substantially rectangular parallelepiped is preferable in terms of processing easiness. In addition, the hollow portion 3 needs to have at least one open end in order to fit the insert 4.

Next, on the outer surface of the insert 4, at least n communication grooves having a groove length capable of communicating the inlet and outlet openings from the fluid ports alternately arranged, preferably at least n, are preferable. (N + 1) pieces are provided. Accordingly, when three devices are provided in total, four communication grooves are provided, and when four devices are provided, five communication grooves are provided.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
Corresponding to the position of the opening of the through-hole opening on the inner surface of the hollow portion 3, it is disposed at a position substantially on the same straight line or substantially the same circumference. Further, the communication groove needs to have a groove length capable of communicating with any of the adjoining introduction and derivation openings. Further, the depth is determined depending on the flow rate per hour required for the fluid, but there is no problem in processing the fluid unless the groove is extremely shallow. The nest 4 is provided with a communication through-hole 28 serving as a bypass for communicating openings that are not adjacent to each other.

When the nest 4 is moved in the axial direction to perform a flow path switching operation, the nest 4 has a sectional shape that fits into the hollow portion 3 provided in the fixed housing 2 without any gap. I just need. Therefore, it may be square, circular, or elliptical in any cross-sectional shape. on the other hand,
When the channel switching operation is performed by rotating the nest 4, the nest 4 needs to be a member having a circular horizontal cross-sectional shape, and is preferably a member having a truncated cone shape. is there.

Further, in order to enhance the airtightness and sealing performance of the fluid flow path switch, an O-ring groove is provided on the inner surface of the hollow portion 3 and the outer surface of the insert 4 of the fixed housing. preferable. Further, a connection joint (not shown) for connecting to a device is provided on a fluid port provided on the outer surface of the fixed housing, and one end of the nest 4 is for facilitating a flow path switching operation. May be fixed to one end of the nest.

Further, the flow path switching device of the present invention may be used for switching the flow path of various halogen-based solvents and highly corrosive fluids which are required to be completely recovered for environmental protection. Therefore, the material forming the fixed housing 2 and the nest 4 is preferably a corrosion-resistant material. In particular,
The corrosion-resistant material forming the fixed casing 2 is preferably a polymer material or a metal material of aluminum or magnesium from the viewpoint of strength and light weight. The corrosion-resistant material forming the nest 4 is lubricating, Fluorocarbon resins are preferred from the viewpoint of sealing properties and dirt removal properties. In addition,
The fluorocarbon resin refers to a copolymer resin excellent in chemical resistance represented by Teflon (registered trademark) resin (polytetrafluoroethylene resin).

The present invention is configured as described above,
Hereinafter, the operation will be described. First, when the fluid flow path circulates through three devices A, B, and C, the structure of the fluid flow path switch is as shown in FIGS. Here, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are views showing a switch that performs a flow path switching operation by rotating a nest. In this case, the fluid flows via the flow path shown in FIG. Further, in order to introduce a fluid from a plurality of flow paths, one three-way connection 71 is provided at the position shown in FIG. In addition, a small gap on the circumference adjacent to the communication groove is recognized on the drawing of FIG. 4, but this is for clarifying the relative position of the fixed housing and the nest, and in fact, both are in close contact with each other. The gas and liquid seals are completely made in this part.

When the nest 4 is set at a predetermined position so that the fluid flows through the flow path of A → C → B, the fluid derived from the apparatus A flows from the fluid port 11 through the communication groove 21 to the fluid port 12, and The device C is entered via the three-way 71. The fluid derived from the device C then enters the device B from the fluid port 13 via the communication groove 23, the communication through hole 28, and the communication groove 22. The fluid derived from the device B is finally discharged from the fluid port 20 via the communication port 24 from the fluid port 15.

Next, when the nest 4 is moved a predetermined distance so that the fluid flows through the flow path of A → B → C, the fluid derived from the apparatus A passes from the fluid port 11 through the communication groove 21. And enters device B through fluid port 14. The fluid derived from the device B then enters the device C from the fluid port 16 via the communication groove 24 from the fluid port 15. The fluid derived from the device C is finally discharged from the fluid port 20 through the communication groove 23 from the fluid port 13. In addition, device B
Does not flow from the three-pronged 71 to the device B because the fluid port 12 at the end of the flow path is closed.

Therefore, when there are three devices, the nest 4
Is in the predetermined position, the fluid port 16 is not involved in the flow path. When the nest 4 is moved for a predetermined distance for switching the flow path, the communication through hole 28 is closed at its tip, and the fluid port 12 and the communication groove 22 are involved in the flow path. Will not be.

The three-way cock for the fluid ports 11, 12, and 14, the fluid ports 13, 14, and 20, and the fluid ports 15, 20, and 16 is suitable for the three devices. In combination with one trifurcated channel provided in the flow path, a single flow path changer can be used in a single flow path switching operation without using any of the five three-way cocks conventionally used. It works so that all the flow paths can be changed.

Next, when the fluid flow path circulates through the four devices A, B, C and D, the structure of the fluid flow switch is as shown in FIG. Here, FIG. 5 shows a switch for performing a flow path switching operation by a nesting push-in / pull-out method. In this case, the fluid flows via the flow path shown in FIG. Further, in order to facilitate opening and closing of the flow path, a minimum of two three-way cocks 73 and 74 and three or
Are provided at the positions shown in FIG. In addition, the minute gap adjacent to the communication groove that is recognized in FIG. 5 is for clarifying the relative position between the fixed housing and the nest.

When the nest 4 takes a predetermined position so that the fluid flows through the flow path of A → B → C → D, the fluid derived from the apparatus A flows from the fluid port 11 through the communication groove 21 to the fluid port. Enter device B from 12. The fluid derived from the device B then flows from the fluid port 13 through the communication groove 24, the communication through hole 28, and the communication groove 23 to the device C from the fluid port 18.
to go into. The fluid derived from the device C enters the device D from the fluid port 14 through the communication groove 22 from the fluid port 17. The fluid derived from the device D is finally supplied to the fluid port 15
From the fluid port 20 via the communication groove 25.

Next, when the nest 4 is moved by a predetermined distance so that the fluid flows through the flow path of A → C → D → B, the fluid derived from the apparatus A will flow from the fluid port 11 to the communication groove 21.
Enters device C from fluid port 14 via. The fluid derived from the device C is then passed from the fluid port 17 to the communication groove 22.
Enters device D from fluid port 18 via. Fluid derived from the device D enters the device B from the fluid port 16 via the communication groove 25 from the fluid port 15. The fluid derived from the device B is finally discharged from the fluid port 20 through the communication port 24 from the fluid port 13.

Therefore, when there are four devices, the fluid port 16 is not involved in the flow path when the nest 4 is at the predetermined position. When the nest 4 is moved a predetermined distance, the end of the communication through hole 28 is closed, and the fluid port 12 and the communication groove 23 are not involved in the flow path.

Further, a fluid flow switching device suitable for the case of four devices is a single flow switching device, and the fluid ports 11 and 1 are connected to each other.
2 and 14, fluid ports 13 and 18 and 20, fluid port 1
7, 14 and 18 and the fluid ports 15, 20 and 16 serve as three-way cocks.

[0042]

Example 1 As a material, a polymer plastic (epoxy resin), which hardly deforms, was used for a fixed housing, and Teflon (registered trademark) resin was used for a nest. The fluid flow path switch has the shape shown in FIG. 1 and has an opening having a diameter of 40 mm on the front side (opposite to the grip mounting side for rotating the nest) of a rectangular parallelepiped having a width of 86 mm, a height of 86 mm, and a depth of 60 mm. Rear side (nesting grip side)
A fixed housing provided with a truncated conical hollow portion having an opening of 50 mm in diameter, and a length of 65 mm fitted into the hollow portion,
Frusto-conical nests of 20 mm and 25 mm in diameter are included.

As shown in FIG. 4 (a), a 90 ° position on the same circumference at a position of 14mm on the front side of the hollow portion, a 135 ° position
Position, 180 ° position, diameter 8 with center distance 16.7mm
mm openings are provided, which respectively penetrate the fluid ports 12, 11 provided on the front outer surface of the rectangular parallelepiped and the fluid ports 14 provided on the outer surface of the bottom surface. As shown in FIG. 4 (b), at the position of 46mm on the front side of the hollow portion, the 90 ° position, 135 ° position, 180 ° position, and 225 ° position on the same circumference have a diameter of 18.7mm and a center distance of 18.7mm. An opening of 8 mm is provided, which respectively penetrates the fluid ports 13 and 20 provided on the outer surface on the right side of the rectangular parallelepiped, the fluid port 15 provided on the outer surface of the bottom surface, and the fluid port 16 provided on the outer surface of the front surface.

As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the outer surface of the frustoconical nest has 90 ° to 135 ° positions and 180 ° to 225 ° on the same circumference at a position of 14 mm on the front side.
At the position, communication grooves 21 and 22 having a circumference of 24 mm and a depth of 8 mm having an arc having a short side of 8 mm in diameter are provided at an interval of 8 mm, and as shown in FIG. Communication grooves 23 and 24 having a circumference of 26 mm and a depth of 8 mm, each having an arc with a short side of 8 mm, were provided at 45 ° to 90 ° positions and 135 ° to 180 ° positions on the same circumference at a distance of 10 mm. .
The position of the communication groove 22 at 225 ° and the position of the communication groove 23 at 45 °
The positions communicate with each other through a communication through hole 28. By using a fluid channel switching device having an opening and a communication groove having the above-described position and shape and providing one three-pronged channel in the channel, only the operation of rotating the nest by 45 ° from a predetermined position can be performed as shown in FIG.
As shown in (c) and (d), the channels could be simultaneously switched.

Example 2 The same materials as in Example 1 were used. The fluid flow path switch is
A fixed casing having a shape shown in FIG. 2 and having a cylindrical body having an outer diameter of 60 mm and a length of 90 mm provided with a cylindrical hollow part having a diameter of 30 mm, a depth of 75 mm and one end closed, and fitted into the hollow part 30 mm in diameter and 85 mm in length.

As shown in FIG. 5 (a), at the apex (0 °) of the cylindrical hollow portion, four openings having a diameter of 5 mm are provided at intervals of 10 mm from the center from the bottom of 17.5 mm. These respectively penetrate fluid ports 13, 20, 15 and 16 which are linearly provided at the apex (0 °) position of the cylindrical body. In addition, the lowest point (1) of the cylindrical hollow portion
(80 °) position, from the position of the bottom 12.5mm, five openings of 5mm diameter are provided at 10mm center-to-center intervals, and these are linearly formed at the lowest point (180 °) position of the cylindrical body, respectively. It penetrates the fluid ports 12, 11, 14, 17, 18 provided.

As shown in FIG. 5 (a), at the vertex (0 °) of the cylindrical nest, from the position of the end face 4mm, a short side having an arc having a diameter of 5mm and a depth of 17mm, depth 5
mm communication grooves 24, 25 are provided at an interval of 3 mm, and
At the lowermost point (180 °), communication grooves 21, 22 and 23 each having a length of 17 mm and a depth of 5 mm each having an arc having a short side of 5 mm from the position of the end face 9 mm were provided at a distance of 3 mm. The communication groove 23 and the communication groove 24 communicate with each other through a communication through hole 28. With the use of the fluid flow path switch having the opening and the communication groove having the above-described positions and shapes, the flow path could be switched by moving the nest 10 mm in the axial direction.

[0048]

As described above, the fluid flow path switching device of the present invention enables a single device to simultaneously switch a plurality of flow paths. In particular, in a channel switcher that is compatible with three devices,
By providing only one always-open three-prong provided in the middle of the flow path, the effect that all three-way cocks can be reduced can be obtained. Further, even with a flow path switcher that is compatible with four devices, an effect is obtained that the flow path can be switched by using a minimum three-way cock. Therefore, the flow path switching operation becomes extremely easy as compared with the case where the flow path switching is performed using many conventional three-way cocks.

Further, in the present invention, in the flow path switching device suitable for three devices, a total of seven ports serve as a total of nine ports when three three-way cocks are used. Further, in the flow path switching device adapted to four devices, a total of nine ports serve as a total of 12 ports when four three-way cocks are used. For this reason, the structure of the device of the present invention is very simple, and it is easy to clean against the contamination of the equipment with the contaminant impurities in the fluid that is often encountered in handling such a fluid. The effect is obtained.

Further, the fluid flow path switching device of the present invention can be made of various halogen-based solvents and highly corrosive gases required to be completely recovered for environmental protection by selecting the constituent materials. And an effect that the liquid can be used for a liquid.

As described above, the use of the fluid flow path switching device of the present invention facilitates the flow path switching. Therefore, for example, for a solvent in which an organic solvent having a low boiling point and an organic solvent having a high boiling point are mixed, the gas suction device is connected to the organic solvent recovery device without changing pipes and without using a three-way cock at all. It is possible to connect before and after. For this reason, the effect that 100% of the solvent having a low boiling point can be recovered is obtained, and the effect on the environment is extremely large. Further, the switching device of the present invention can be operated by, for example, an electromagnetic valve, which can contribute to automation of the device, and is an invention having an extremely large industrial effect. Furthermore,
Although not described in the present invention, the present invention can be applied to a four-way cock if the technical idea of the present invention is used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a fluid flow path switching device of the present invention,
(A) is a figure which shows a fixed housing, (b) shows nesting.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are perspective views of a fluid flow path switching device according to a different embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating a fixed housing, and FIG.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are perspective views showing a state in which a nest is fitted into a fixed housing of the fluid flow path switching device of the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A shows a nest at a predetermined position, and FIG. It is a figure showing a position rotated by an angle.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along arrows III-IIIa to d in FIG. 3, wherein (a) and (b) show nests at predetermined positions;
(D) is a figure which shows the position which rotated the nest by a predetermined angle.

5A and 5B are cross-sectional views of a fluid flow path switching device according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 5A is a position where the nest is moved to a predetermined position, and FIG. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing fluid flow paths before and after flow switching when using a fluid flow switching device adapted to flow switching of three devices.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the fluid flow paths before and after the flow switching when using a fluid flow switching device adapted to flow switching of four devices.

FIG. 8 is a conceptual view showing an example in which the present invention is interposed in a fluid flow path.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing fluid flow paths before and after flow path switching when flow path switching is performed only by a conventional three-way cock.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fluid flow path switch 2 Fixed housing 3 Hollow part 3a Nesting opening 4 Nesting 11, 13, 15, 17 Fluid ports (for introduction, for example) 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 Fluid ports (for exit, for example) ) 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 Communication groove 28 Communication through hole

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A fluid flow path switching device interposed in a fluid flow path, comprising: a nest 4 serving as a switching valve; and an opening 3a into which the nest is fitted in a relatively movable state.
And a fixed housing 2 having a hollow portion 3 formed on at least one side surface. The fixed housing has a plurality of through holes extending from the fluid ports 11, 12 and the like provided on the outer surface thereof to the inside of the hollow portion. And that the nest has an outer surface so that it can be selectively communicated with any adjacent through hole penetrating the hollow portion of the fixed housing by the relative movement. The provision of the plurality of communication grooves 21, 22 and the like, and the nesting, for selectively communicating non-adjacent ones of the through holes penetrating through the hollow portion of the fixed housing. By providing the bypass communication through-hole 28 and moving the insert relatively in the rotational direction and / or the axial direction, a plurality of flow paths between the openings of the fixed housing can be simultaneously switched. Fluid flow path switching characterized by vessel. 2. The plurality of communication ports, wherein the plurality of fluid ports include n fluid introduction fluid ports 11, 13 and the like, and at least n fluid derivation fluid ports 12, 14 and the like. At least n communication grooves having groove lengths that allow the adjacent nests to communicate when the nest is at a predetermined position and allow another set of adjacent through holes to communicate when the nest moves a predetermined distance. 21. The fluid flow path switching device according to claim 1, wherein n is an integer of 3 or more and 10 or less. 3. A fluid flow path switch interposed in a fluid flow path, comprising: a hollow portion 3 having at least one open end; and n fluid introduction fluid ports 11, 13 provided on an outer surface.
And (n + 1) fluid ports 12, 1
4 and the like, wherein openings for introduction and introduction of through-holes from the fluid port to the inside of the hollow portion are alternately, substantially at equal intervals, and on one or two or more substantially same straight lines or on one or more lines. Or two or more fixed housings 2 arranged on substantially the same circumference, and (n + 1) communication grooves 21 and 22 having a groove length capable of connecting the adjacent openings to the outer surface; A communication through-hole 28 formed so as to allow communication between the openings that are not adjacent to each other, and a nest 4 that is relatively movably fitted into the hollow portion.
A fluid flow path switching device, wherein n is an integer of 3 or more and 10 or less. 4. The fluid flow switching device according to claim 2, wherein n is n = 3 or n = 4. 5. A fluid flow path switch interposed in a fluid flow path, comprising: a hollow portion 3 having at least one end opened; and three fluid introduction fluid ports 11, 1 provided on an outer surface.
3, 15 and four fluid ports 12, 1
4, 16 and 20, wherein the openings for introduction and the introduction of the through-holes from the fluid port to the inside of the hollow portion are alternately, substantially equidistantly, and one or two or more substantially identical straight holes are provided. A fixed housing 2 disposed on a line or on one or more substantially the same circumference; and four communication grooves 21, 22, 23 having a groove length capable of connecting the adjacent openings to the outer surface. , 24, and a communication through hole 28 formed so as to allow communication between the openings that are not adjacent to each other, and a nest 4 that is relatively movably fitted into the hollow portion.
A fluid flow path switching device comprising: 6. A fluid flow path switch interposed in a fluid flow path, comprising: a hollow portion 3 having at least one open end; and four fluid introduction fluid ports 11 and 1 provided on an outer surface.
3, 15, 17 and 5 fluid ports 1 for fluid derivation
2, 14, 16, 18, and 20, wherein openings for introduction and introduction of through-holes extending from the fluid port to the inside of the hollow portion are alternately provided at substantially equal intervals, and at least one or two or more openings are provided. A fixed casing 2 disposed on substantially the same straight line or on one or more substantially the same circumference, and five communication grooves 21 having a groove length capable of communicating the adjacent opening with the outer surface. , 22, 23, 24, 25, and a communication through hole 28 formed so as to allow communication between the openings that are not adjacent to each other, and a nest 4 that is relatively movably fitted into the hollow portion.
A fluid flow path switching device comprising: 7. The nest according to claim 1, wherein the nest is a cylindrical member having a circular horizontal cross-sectional shape.
The fluid flow path switch according to any one of the above. 8. The fluid flow switching device according to claim 7, wherein the nest is a member having a shape of a truncated cone. 9. The fluid flow path switch according to claim 1, wherein the nest is a square rod-shaped member or a rod-shaped member having an elliptical horizontal cross-sectional shape. 10. The fluid flow according to claim 1, wherein an inner surface of the hollow portion 3 of the fixed housing and an outer surface of the nest 4 include grooves for O-rings. Road switch. 11. The fluid flow switching device according to claim 1, wherein a material forming at least one of the fixed housing 2 and the nest 4 is a corrosion-resistant material. 12. The corrosion-resistant material forming the fixed housing 2 is a polymer material or a metal material of aluminum or magnesium.
2. The fluid flow path switch according to 1. 13. The corrosion-resistant material constituting the nest 4 is as follows:
2. The resin according to claim 1, wherein the resin is a fluorocarbon resin.
2. The fluid flow path switch according to 1.