JP2000303243A - Impact resistant helmet - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To impart an excellent impact strength and a good operating property to a helmet consisting of a plastic or a metal. SOLUTION: This impact resistant helmet is provided by installing or fixing a hollow molded material 3 of which outer shape is a partially spherical shape formed by cutting the part of a sphere or by cutting the sphere as a trapezoidal shape and fixing ceramic tips 4 at the outside surface of the hollow material 3. Preferably the helmet main body 1 is made of a high strength fiber-reinforced plastic and the hollow molded material 3 can be attached or fixed to the helmet main body 1 as freely capable of being attached and detached.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for mounting or fixing a hollow molded article having a partially spherical shape or a spherical shape on the outer surface of a helmet body made of plastic or metal, and the entire outer surface of the hollow molded article. Alternatively, if a high-speed flying object is received from the outside by fixing the ceramic chip chip with an adhesive or a mechanical method, etc., the energy of the flying object is almost absorbed by partial destruction of the ceramic, and the helmet body The present invention relates to a helmet having excellent impact resistance against a high-speed flying object, in which damage to the inside and swelling on the inner surface are extremely reduced.

[0002]

It is a well-known fact that helmets can be impact resistant against objects falling from high places or flying objects. However, when the impact force of a flying object is large, it is often impossible to reduce the impact force by a helmet alone. It is nowadays known that, in general, the bonding of ceramic to a plate of high-strength fiber reinforced plastic (hereinafter ACM) can be an impact-resistant body against objects falling from high places or flying at high speed. The fact has become. The technology of bonding a ceramic curved plate and an ACM curved plate has been used in Japan and overseas in bulletproof vests for bulletproof vests and the like. The present applicant has also applied for a patent on this technology (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-192).
497).

However, the helmet is formed of a three-dimensional curved surface whose outer surface changes continuously, and when the ceramic chip is directly fixed to the surface, it is desirable that the shape of the back surface of the ceramic chip be the same as that of the helmet outer surface. However, it is practically economically and technically impossible to produce a ceramic molded body having such a shape. On the other hand, even if several types of ceramic chips are made to match or approximate the outer surface of the helmet and are fixed to the helmet, there will be portions that do not fit on the outer surface of the helmet, resulting in gaps between the ceramic chips or between the ceramic chip and the helmet. As a result, the impact resistance is reduced, and it is necessary to improve this point. Also, once the ceramic is fixed to the helmet, it is difficult to remove the ceramic, and even if there is no danger of objects falling from high places or objects flying at high speed, always use a heavy ceramic fixed helmet. I had to wear it.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The inventor of the present invention has disclosed that, on the outer surface of a helmet body made of plastic or metal, the outer shape is a partial spherical shape obtained by cutting a part of a sphere or a spherical shape obtained by cutting a sphere into a trapezoidal shape. By mounting or fixing the hollow molded article and fixing the ceramic chip on the outer surface of the hollow molded article, even if it receives a strong impact force, its breaking energy is transmitted to the helmet via the ceramic fixed hollow molded article Thus, an impact-resistant helmet having excellent impact resistance, which can alleviate the impact force on the helmet body and effectively prevent swelling of the helmet inside, has been completed.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided a helmet body made of plastic or metal having a hollow shape having a partial spherical shape obtained by cutting a part of a sphere or a spherical shape obtained by cutting a sphere into a trapezoidal shape. The present invention relates to an impact-resistant helmet in which a molded product is mounted or fixed, and a ceramic chip is fixed to an outer surface of the hollow molded product. It is preferable that the inner surface of the hollow molded article has the same shape as the outer surface of the helmet main body, and the hollow molded article is preferably detachable from the helmet main body.

Preferably, the helmet body has a specific tensile strength of 10 × 10 ⁶ cm or more and a specific elastic modulus of 2.5 × 10 ⁶ cm.
This is an impact-resistant helmet made of fiber-reinforced plastic using a high-strength fiber of 10 ⁸ cm or more as a base material and a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin as a binder. The resin content of the fiber-reinforced plastic is usually 5%. ~ 80%, preferably 5-30%.

[0007] Preferably, the hollow molded article is a partial spherical shape or a spherical shape in which two or more types of spherical shapes or partial spherical shapes and a spherical shape are continuously joined so as to approximate the outer surface of the helmet body. Impact-resistant helmet, and furthermore, the hollow molded article is cut off at a constant width perpendicular to the bottom surface across the center line of the partial spherical shape or spherical shape shape so as to approximate the outer surface of the helmet body, and remains. An impact-resistant helmet having a symmetrical pseudo-partial spherical shape or spherical shape in which two parts having a partial spherical shape or spherical shape are joined and integrated. The hollow molded product is preferably a pseudo-partially spherical shape or a spherical segment shape obtained by combining the above two types of shapes.

[0008] In the present invention, as described above, the hollow molded article is a molded article having a hollow portion that is not penetrated in the upper portion or a hollow portion that penetrates vertically, and the inner surface of the hollow molded product is the same as the outer surface of the helmet body. Preferably, it is shaped. The hollow molded article may have a multi-layer structure of two or more layers made of the same material or different materials. Furthermore, it is preferable that the hollow molded article has a symmetrical shape, and the longitudinal direction is the front-back direction of the helmet body, and the short direction is the left-right direction of the helmet body. It is also a preferred embodiment that the hollow molded article is formed as two or more divided bodies, and these are combined to form a hollow molded article.

The helmet body used in the present invention may be any helmet which is generally called a helmet, but is preferably a construction safety helmet, a riding safety helmet, a schoolchild safety helmet and an impact-resistant helmet. Hats, bulletproof caps, etc. The helmet body is made of plastic or metal. As the material of the plastic, all materials used for manufacturing a helmet are applicable, and preferably, a material composed of a single resin such as ABS, polycarbonate and polyethylene, a mixture thereof and a composite layer of two or more types, or Examples thereof include those composed of a resin and a reinforcing material, such as FRP (general glass fiber, nylon fiber and polyester fiber reinforced plastic) and ACM, and can be used as a single substance or as a composite. On the other hand, as the metal, the material is not particularly limited, but preferably titanium, titanium alloy, soft iron, high-tensile steel,
It is stainless steel, aluminum, duralumin, or the like, and can be used alone, as an alloy, or as a composite.

In the above-mentioned ACM, the high-strength fiber used has a specific tensile strength obtained by dividing the tensile strength by the density of 10 × 1.
0 ⁶ cm or more, those specific modulus divided by elastic modulus at density 2.5 × than 10 ⁸ cm. Specifically, high-strength glass fiber, aramid fiber, aromatic polyester fiber, carbon fiber, high-strength polyethylene fiber, high-strength nylon fiber, polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole (commonly called PBO) fiber, and the like. General glass fibers, nylon fibers, polyester fibers, and the like do not correspond to high-strength fibers. By using a fiber having a specific tensile strength or a specific elastic modulus equal to or more than the above-mentioned value, the impact resistance of the helmet body can be considerably improved. On the other hand, if fibers having a specific tensile strength or a specific elastic modulus of not more than the above values are used, the impact resistance of the helmet body is not always sufficient, so that a hollow molded article or a ceramic fixed hollow molded article having excellent impact resistance is used. Must be used.

In order to obtain ACM, the resin to be impregnated or coated on the high-strength fiber is usually a thermosetting resin such as a phenol resin, an epoxy resin, a polyurethane resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, a vinyl ester resin and a polyimide resin; Alternatively, thermoplastic resins such as polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyamides, polyesters, polyvinyl acetate, polyether ether ketone, thermoplastic polyurethanes, and thermoplastic elastomers, and synthetic rubbers are used.

In order to obtain ACM, in the case of a thermosetting resin,
A prepreg is prepared by impregnating or coating a high-strength fiber with a thermosetting resin, a plurality of prepregs are stacked, and a compression molding method in which heat and pressure are applied, or a hand lay-up method in which a prepreg is not formed is used. Resin content is 5-80
% (% By weight, hereinafter the same) can be used, but usually 5 to 50%, preferably 5 to 50% for excellent impact resistance.
30%. In the case of a thermoplastic resin, usually a high-strength fiber is impregnated or coated with a solution of the thermoplastic resin, a powder or a dispersion thereof to prepare a prepreg, and a plurality of prepregs are stacked and heated and pressed by a hot plate or a heating roll. There is a compression molding method and the like. Also in this case, the resin content can be used in the range of 5 to 80%, usually 5 to 50%, and preferably 5 to 30% for excellent impact resistance. 5%
If it is less than 80%, it is difficult to produce a prepreg, and if it exceeds 80%, it is difficult to produce a prepreg, and impact resistance is reduced.

On the other hand, the hollow molded article is a molded article or a metal made of a thermosetting or thermoplastic resin made of FRP, ACM, or a resin alone, and has a high surface hardness and a large mechanical strength including impact strength. Desirably, it is weather-resistant and lightweight. Typical plastics include phenolic resins, epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, vinyl ester resins, and urethane resins as thermosetting resins; polycarbonate resins, acrylic resins, ABS resins, polyethylene resins as thermoplastic resins. There is a polypropylene resin or the like, which is used alone or as a composite. As fibers and resins used for FRP and ACM, those used for the helmet body are generally used. Similarly, as the metal, a material used for the helmet body is generally used.

In the impact-resistant helmet of the present invention, the hollow molded article mounted or fixed on the outer surface of the helmet main body includes two or more types of hollow spheres and spherical bases having different outer shapes so as to approximate the outer shape of the helmet main body. It is preferable that the shape is stacked vertically and joined and integrated so that the ridge lines coincide with each other. In addition, such a hollow molded product is cut out at a constant width perpendicular to the bottom face across a center line of a partial spherical shape or a spherical segment shape, so that the outer shape is very similar to the outer shape of the helmet, and the left and right symmetrically joined and integrated. It is preferable that the shape be a pseudo partial spherical shape or a spherical segment shape. By making the hollow molded article a shape as described above or a shape combining these, the appearance of the molded article is very similar to the shape of the helmet body, the thickness of the hollow molded article becomes relatively uniform, and unnecessary Since the thickness is reduced, the required impact resistance is ensured and the weight is reduced.

It is preferable that the hollow molded article is divided into two or more pieces, and these are combined in a (pseudo) partial spherical shape or a spherical shape and mounted on the helmet body. In this case, when not mounted, the volume of the divided body becomes compact, which is convenient for carrying. The split body is usually detachably attached and fixed to the helmet body,
It is preferable that the contact portions of the adjacent divided bodies have an appropriate overlapping structure. Furthermore, if necessary, the hollow molded article may have a multi-layer structure of two or more kinds made of the same material or different materials. For example, use a material with excellent impact strength and weather resistance on the surface, less deformation on impact inside, and
By using a lightweight helmet, it is possible to obtain a lightweight helmet having good impact resistance and weather resistance as a whole.

It is preferable that the hollow molded article has the same inner surface as the outer surface of the helmet body. In this case, the hollow molded article can be mounted on the helmet body without any gap, and therefore, the impact resistance of the composite helmet is further improved, the stability at the time of mounting the hollow molded article is good, and the operability is excellent. Become.

In the present invention, the ceramic used is preferably referred to as fine ceramics, and includes alumina (purity 90 to 99.9), silicon nitride, silicon carbide, zirconia and the like. Not limited. Further, one or more of such ceramics may be used in combination. The physical properties of ceramics include Vickers hardness of 1000 kg / mm ² or more and bending strength of 30.
kgf / mm ² or more, elastic modulus 2.8 × 10 ⁴ kg / mm
^Two or more are preferred.

The shape of the ceramic chip may be such that the ceramic chip closely overlaps the outside of the hollow molded article with almost no gap (that is, the inner surface of the ceramic chip has substantially the same shape as the surface of the hollow molded article). It is a divided shape, a triangular or trapezoidal shape obtained by dividing the shape into two or more pieces. In addition, the divided shape is a quadrangle (square, rectangle), hexagon, or the like. The ceramic chip may be a multi-faced ceramic chip that is combined and integrated. That is, the ceramic shape is not limited as long as it can be fixed without any gap between the hollow molded article and the ceramic chip or between the ceramic chips without any gap. The outer surface of the ceramic chip may be spherical or flat.

As a method of fixing the hollow molded article obtained by the above method to the helmet main body, the inner surface of the hollow molded article and the outer surface of the helmet main body may be fixed to the resin used for the hollow molded article or a synthetic rubber-based material. Or adhesive such as epoxy resin or urethane resin or adhesive such as double-sided tape, or Velcro (registered trademark) is attached to the inner surface of the hollow molded article and the outer surface of the helmet body, and both are fixed. Is preferred, but in some cases mechanical joining with bolts, rivets, etc. is also possible,
The simplest method of attachment and detachment is to simply fit them together or to fix and join a magnet to the hollow molded article and the helmet body.

In order to fix the ceramic chip to the hollow molded product, the inner surface of the ceramic chip and the outer surface of the hollow molded product are fixed to the resin used in the hollow molded product, or a synthetic rubber or epoxy resin, as described above. Adhesive such as resin or urethane resin or adhesive such as double-sided tape is desirable.However, in some cases, mechanical joining with bolts, rivets, etc. is also possible, and magic tape or magnet sheet can be attached to the inner surface of the ceramic chip. There is also a method of pasting them to the outer surface of a hollow molded article and fixing them. When a plurality of ceramic chips are fixed to the surface of the hollow molded article by bonding, it is preferable that there is no gap between the chips or the gap is as small as possible. When the ceramic chips to be fixed are arranged in a row in the horizontal direction, the back surfaces are all the same cubic surface, so that the gap between the chips is extremely small (usually 0.3 mm).
mm or less), and by applying an adhesive to the contact surfaces of the chips, the impact resistance can be further ensured.

In the impact-resistant helmet obtained in this way, when an object having a large impact force or a very high-speed flying object collides, first the ceramic is broken, and then the hollow molded product is deformed or partially broken, Since the collision object and the ceramic or the fragments of the ceramic and the hollow molded article that rapidly lost energy reach the helmet body, the direct impact on the helmet body is small, the swelling on the inner surface of the helmet due to the impact is small, and the head Can be almost eliminated. When the hollow molded article is removably attached to the helmet body, the hollow molded article separates from the helmet body and flies in the opposite direction to the impact force when an object with a large impact force or a very high-speed flying object collides. Since the impact force applied to the main body is very small, damage to the head can be greatly reduced. Furthermore, since the hollow molded article can be detachably attached to the helmet body, it is attached when necessary, and when unnecessary, it is detached to reduce the load on the head and reduce operability during use. It can be greatly improved. Furthermore, making the hollow molded article symmetrical is well balanced when mounted on a helmet, and is important both in function and operability.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG.
Shows a case where a partially spherical (hemispherical) hollow molded article is adhered to a helmet body, (1) is a helmet body, (2)
Is a hollow molded product. FIG. 2 shows a case where a spherical shaped hollow molded article is attached to a helmet main body, wherein (1) is a helmet main body and (3) is a hollow molded article. FIG. 3 shows a case in which the ceramics divided into four parts are combined and fixed to the spherical shaped hollow molded article of FIG. 2, (1) is a helmet body,
(3) is a hollow molded product, and (4) is a ceramic chip.

FIG. 4 shows a case where two types of continuous hollow spheres having different shapes are adhered to a helmet body, (1) is a helmet body, and (5) is a helmet body.
And (5 ') are hollow moldings. FIG. 5 shows a case where a trapezoidal ceramic chip is fixed to the hollow molded article shown in FIG. 4, (1) a helmet body, and (6) and (7) a ceramic chip.

FIG. 6 shows a symmetrical pseudo-spherical shape obtained by cutting a helmet body with a constant width perpendicular to the bottom face across the center line of the spherical shape and joining and integrating the remaining two partial spherical shapes. A case where a hollow molded article is mounted is shown, where (1) is a helmet body and (8) is a hollow molded article. (a) is a side view, (b) is a plan view, (c) is a plan view when a central portion of a hollow spherical shape is cut into a vertical plane at a constant width (T), and (d) is cut out. It is a top view of the left-right symmetric pseudosphere segment shape which combined the two remaining partial sphere segment shapes (W). FIG.
This is a case in which the ceramic chips divided into four parts are combined and fixed to the pseudo-spherical shaped hollow molded product of FIG. 6, (1) is a helmet body, (8) is a hollow molded product, (9), (10)
Is a ceramic chip.

FIG. 8 shows a case where a trapezoidal ceramic chip is combined and fixed to the pseudo-sphere-shaped hollow molded article shown in FIG. 6, (1) a helmet body, and (11) a ceramic chip. FIG. 9 shows a case where triangular ceramic chips are combined and fixed to the pseudo-sphere-shaped hollow molded product shown in FIG. 6, (1) shows a helmet body, and (12) shows two kinds of triangular shapes having different shapes. It is a ceramic chip.

FIG. 10 shows a case where two types of continuous hollow molded articles each having a symmetrical pseudosphere shape are mounted on the helmet body, (1) is the helmet body, and (13) and (14) are hollow. It is a molded product. FIG. 11 shows a case where a trapezoidal ceramic chip is combined and fixed to the hollow molded article of FIG. 10, wherein (1) is a helmet body, (13) and (14) are hollow molded articles, (15) and (15). 16) is a ceramic chip. FIG. 12 shows a case where a left-right symmetric hollow molded article in which two types of pseudo-spheres and one partial pseudo-sphere are integrated is mounted on a helmet body, (1) is a helmet body, (17) Is a hollow molded product. Also in this case, by appropriately combining ceramic chips,
It is used fixed to a hollow molded product.

[0027]

As is apparent from the above description, the helmet of the present invention has extremely excellent impact resistance against objects falling from a high place or objects flying at high speed, and has a ceramic fixing property. Since the hollow molded article is detachable, it has good operability. Since the surface of the hollow molded product has a constant spherical surface, the ceramic chip only has to produce a small number of spherical plates with a spherical back surface. Inexpensive. In addition, when the ceramic chip is fixed to the hollow molded product, the back surface is the same curved surface as the front surface of the hollow molded product, so that the workability is good and the ceramic chip can be adhered without any gap.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a case where a partially spherical hollow molded article is mounted on a helmet body, (a) is a side view, and (b) is a plan view.

FIGS. 2A and 2B show a case where a sphere-shaped hollow molded article is mounted on a helmet main body, wherein FIG. 2A is a side view and FIG.

3 is a helmet in which four divided ceramic chips are combined and fixed to a spherical hollow molded article of FIG. 2, (a) is a side view, (b) is a plan view, and (c) is (a).
It is AA sectional drawing of.

FIG. 4 shows a case where two kinds of hollow molded articles having different spherical shapes are mounted on a helmet body, (a) is a side view, (b) is a plan view, and (c) is A- of (a). It is A sectional drawing.

Fig. 5 Combining trapezoidal ceramic chips,
It is a helmet fixed to the hollow molded article of FIG. 4, (a)
Is a side view, (b) is a plan view, and (c) is an AA cross-sectional view of (a).

FIG. 6 shows a case in which a symmetrical pseudo-sphere-shaped hollow molded article is mounted on the helmet body, where (a) is a side view and (b)
Is a plan view, (c) is a fixed width at the center of the hollow spherical shape
(T) is a plan view when cut into a vertical plane, and (d) is a plane of a left-right symmetrical pseudo-sphere-segment shaped hollow molded article obtained by joining and integrating the remaining two partial sphere-segment shapes (W). FIG.

FIG. 7 is a helmet in which four divided ceramic chips are combined and fixed to the pseudo-sphere-shaped hollow molded product of FIG. 6, (a) is a side view, and (b) is a plan view.

FIG. 8 is a helmet in which trapezoidal ceramic chips are combined and fixed to the pseudo-sphere-shaped hollow molded product of FIG. 6, (a) is a side view, and (b) is a plan view.

FIG. 9 is a helmet in which triangular ceramics are combined and fixed to the pseudo-sphere-shaped hollow molded article of FIG. 6;
(a) is a side view, (b) is a plan view.

FIG. 10 shows a case in which two types of continuous left-right symmetric pseudo-sphere-shaped hollow molded articles are attached to the helmet body,
(a) is a side view, (b)) is a plan view, (c) is A- of (a).
It is A sectional drawing.

FIG. 11 is a helmet mounted on the hollow molded article of FIG. 10 by combining trapezoidal ceramic chips, and (a)
Is a side view, (b)) is a plan view, and (c) is an AA cross-sectional view of (a).

FIG. 12 shows a case where a left-right symmetrical pseudo-sphere-segmented hollow molded article composed of two types of hollow pseudo-sphere-segment shapes and one partial hollow pseudo-sphere-segment shape is mounted on the helmet body, (a) is a side view, (b) is an AA sectional view of (a).

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Helmet main body 2 Partially spherical hollow molded article 3,5,5 'Spherical hollow molded article 8,13,14,17 Pseudo spherical shaped hollow molded article 4,6,7,9,10,11,12, 15, 16 Ceramic chips (individual pieces)

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A hollow molded article having a partially spherical shape obtained by cutting a part of a sphere or a spherical shape obtained by cutting a sphere into a trapezoidal shape is attached or fixed to an outer surface of a helmet body made of plastic or metal, An impact-resistant helmet wherein a ceramic chip is fixed to an outer surface of the hollow molded product. 2. The hollow molded article has a partial spherical shape or a spherical shape in which two or more types of spherical shapes or partial spherical shapes and a spherical shape are continuously joined so as to approximate the outer surface of the helmet body. The impact resistant helmet according to claim 1. 3. The hollow molded article is cut at a constant width perpendicular to the bottom face across the center line of the partial spherical shape or spherical segment shape so as to approximate the outer surface of the helmet main body, and the remaining partial spherical shape or 4. The impact-resistant helmet according to claim 1, wherein the helmet is a symmetrical pseudo-partial spherical shape or a spherical shape in which two spherical portions are joined and integrated. 4. The impact-resistant helmet according to claim 1, wherein the inner surface of the hollow molded article has the same shape as the outer surface of the helmet body. 5. The impact-resistant helmet according to claim 1, wherein the hollow molded article is detachably mounted or fixed to the helmet body. 6. The helmet body has a specific tensile strength of 10 ×.
10 ⁶ cm or more and specific elastic modulus of 2.5 × 10 ⁸ cm
The impact-resistant helmet according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, wherein the high-strength fiber is used as a base material, and the fiber-reinforced plastic is made of a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin as a binder. 7. The resin content of the fiber reinforced plastic is 5
The impact-resistant helmet according to claim 6, wherein the helmet content is about 30%.