JP2000291287A - Earthquake resistant building structure encircled by seismically isolated structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To cut costs of an earthquake resistant building structure by constructing a seismically isolated structure which externally supports the building structure, encircles an upper portion, side surface portions, and a lower portion of the structure while maintaining a slight interval with respect to the structure, and is isolated from the ground. SOLUTION: A seismically isolated structure 2 is constructed while maintaining a slight interval from a building structure 1, and rolling supporters 3 are secured to bottom surfaces of column bases of a foundation of side surfaces of the seismically isolated structure 2, which bottom surfaces are to make contact with the ground. Each supporter 3 is equipped with a viscous damper having a plurality of downward ball casters. Part of horizontal beams of the seismically isolated structure 2 is penetrated through foundation beams of the building structure 1, and steel plates are fixed to the front ends of the respective horizontal beams, to thereby form stoppers 5. Further, shock absorbers 6 formed of rubber, silicon gel, or the like are secured to some of portions of intervals between the seismically isolated structure 2 and the stoppers 5 or the building structure 1, at which portions the seismically isolated structure 2 can make contact with the stoppers 5 or the building structure 1. Further, a damper 9 is attached to the seismically isolated structure 2 at a portion corresponding to a large interval between the structure 2 and the building structure 1. Thus, vibration proof of the building structure 1 can be enhanced, and construction costs of the same can be reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to prevention of collapse of a building structure during a large earthquake, prevention of fire spread by fire, maintenance of function of the building structure, and protection of life and property. .

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional seismic technology includes pillars, beams, walls, and the like so that a building structure can sufficiently resist seismic force.
A seismic construction method that provides appropriate placement of structural members of buildings such as braces and appropriate strength, toughness, and rigidity;
A seismic isolation structure method to reduce the response of the building structure to earthquake motion by installing a device such as a laminated rubber bearing or damper between the foundation of the building structure and the upper structure, and recently, a computer Attention has been focused on a vibration control system that uses a special device to absorb vibration energy.

[0003] However, most of these seismic technologies are
It is intended for the main body of a building structure, and its foundation is almost completely fixed on the ground. Furthermore,
It is considered that no measures have been proposed to prevent the spread of fire in the event of a fire during a large earthquake.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional method, since the building structure is fixed on the ground, it is greatly affected by seismic force and the like.
In order to withstand earthquake motion, thickening the columns and increasing the number of earthquake-resistant walls often reduce the opening and floor area, thereby impairing the function and use of the building structure. In addition, in the case of seismic isolation structure method, cost becomes high, lightweight building structure,
For example, wooden building structures are currently considered unsuitable. In addition, a ground-isolated seismic isolation structure has been proposed in which the foundation of a building structure can be rolled or slid with respect to the ground, but when the stopper is on the ground, the function, aesthetics, and It is indispensable to give sufficient consideration to the danger to the building and the like, and the method of installing the stopper in the recess structure inevitably increases the cost. (See, for example,
Furthermore, the cost of the control device is considered to be high in the vibration control system.

[0005] In particular, in conventional seismic retrofitting measures for building structures, the conventional method targets the building structure of the main body. Therefore, it is difficult to carry out reinforcement work during use, or for a considerable period of time. In many cases, the use of building structures must be interrupted. For this reason, despite the urgency of urgent implementation of seismic reinforcement measures throughout the country following the Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake, little progress has been made at present. In addition, due to the lack of water and the inability of fire trucks to operate in the event of a large earthquake, effective measures have not been established even though the damage caused by the fire is enormous.

[0006] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and by constructing an independent and tough seismic isolation structure that is insulated from the ground around a building structure, it is possible to construct a new structure as well as an existing structure. In addition to providing effective and low-cost seismic measures for building structures, it aims to build a fire-resistant building structure to prevent the catastrophic damage caused by a large earthquake.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been developed in view of the problems of the conventional seismic technology described above. This is to wrap the internal building structure with a strong seismic isolation structure insulated from the ground while leaving a gap.

[0008] For this reason, the constructed base-isolated structure is cut off from the transmission path of the seismic motion energy, so that it has extremely strong seismic resistance. The displacement can be suppressed within the elastic range.

The present invention comprises a base-isolated structure, a stopper, a cushioning material, a damper, and a digester, and the center of the structure is a base-isolated structure. Never fall down, even during a major earthquake. For this reason, it is desirable that the ground on which these are installed is a solid ground on which liquefaction does not occur, and a solid foundation with sufficient rebar is optimal for foundation work.

[0010] Further, the members constituting the seismic isolation structure are made of a strong, light, tough, rustproof material or a structural material resistant to compressive, tensile and shearing forces, as well as a ramen structure, a truss structure and an earthquake resistant structure. It is necessary to use a building structure with high earthquake resistance using walls.

Further, in order to insulate the seismic isolation structure from the ground so that the base can be rolled or slid on the ground, a rolling bearing or a sliding bearing is fixed to the bottom surface of the column base of the foundation, and the column base is fixed. A damper was searched for to reduce the impact of vertical movement of the foundation and absorb vibration energy.

Since the seismic isolation structure is insulated from the ground as described above, it can be moved vertically and horizontally in the event of an earthquake or the like. For this reason, it is essential to install a stopper to control movement beyond a certain range in the event of an earthquake, etc. It is demanded that they do not interfere as much as possible. The methods are broadly divided into three types, each using the ground, seismic isolation structure, and the main building structure.The specific methods are various, and the seismic isolation structure and the building structure It is necessary to take into account the actual situation of the site and the margin of the site.

The gap between the base-isolated structure and the main building, which is a feature of the present invention, is provided to absorb vibration energy and the like and prevent damage at the time of mutual contact. ,
In order to further enhance the effect, a cushioning material such as an elastic body is fixed to a required portion at a narrow portion and a damper is fixed to a wide portion.

[0014] Looking at the state of damage caused by a conventional large earthquake, fire damage has become a problem along with collapse of building structures due to the earthquake. In the present invention, a fire extinguishing facility that operates even during a power outage is installed by using structural members of a seismic isolation structure that does not easily collapse even in the event of a large earthquake and the rooftop of a building structure, thereby preventing the spread of fire from nearby areas.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example in which a seismic isolation structure 2 is constructed for a simplest two-story building structure 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the structure 2 is constructed so as to wrap the building structure 1 of the main body from the upper part, the side part, and the lower part with columns, beams, walls, and the like with a slight gap therebetween, and is continuously assembled. It has a ramen structure. As a structural material, usually steel is used, but if the cost is reduced, use of titanium, carbon fiber, or the like is also conceivable, and the shape is also H-shaped, T-shaped, tubular, plate-shaped, rod-shaped, honeycomb-shaped, etc. A tough and beautiful shape is desirable.
In FIG. 1, the digestion facilities are not shown for the sake of simplicity.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show a rolling bearing with a viscous damper in which a plurality of downward ball casters 8 are mounted on a bottom surface of a base portion of a side portion of a base isolation structure 2 in contact with the ground. 3 is a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of a case where the base plate 3 is fixed. On the other hand, a polished steel plate is used instead of the downward ball caster 8 in FIG. FIG. 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a rolling bearing in which a mounting plate 13 to which a plurality of upward ball casters 12 are fixed is installed instead. The sliding plate 7 is intended to reduce the frictional resistance at the time of starting the seismic isolation structure. In the case of a rolling bearing (using a downward ball caster),
If the polished stainless steel plate is a sliding bearing,
A plastic PTFE plate or the like was used. Downward and upward ball casters are excellent in dustproofness, rustproofness, durability, etc., are resistant to impact, and have a frictional resistance (with respect to the allowable load) of 0.01 at start-up. The following is desirable. Further, these bearings employ a joining method that can be easily replaced when the performance deteriorates.

When the eaves under the eaves protrude, as in a wooden building, the eaves can be prevented from falling during an earthquake by adding a horizontal beam of the seismic isolation structure under the eaves.

The seismic isolation structure 2 which is a feature of the present invention is:
The installation of the stopper 5 is indispensable in order to control the movement so as not to move beyond a certain range. FIG. 5 shows the case of the stopper fixed to the ground, and FIG. 6 shows the foundation beam 10 of the building structure of the ground and the main body. FIG. 7 shows a part of the horizontal beam of the seismic isolation structure 2 with the base beam 1 of the main building structure 1.
0 is pierced, and the steel plate 11 is fixed to the tip of the hole. Further, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 7, the steel plate 11 of the stopper 5 may be removed to extend the horizontal beam, and connected to the stopper 5 on the opposite side. In addition, the above-mentioned stoppers all used the foundation beam 10 of the ground or the building structure of the main body. The reason is that according to the damage situation in the past large earthquake, the solid foundation and the foundation beam were destroyed. This is because it was a special case such as when the ground was soft, a shortage of reinforcing bars or a liquefaction phenomenon occurred. Therefore, the use of foundation beams in the present invention is considered appropriate. But,
When using existing foundations and foundation beams, it is essential to check that the strength is sufficient, such as searching for rebar.

Further, since the stopper 5 controls the movement of the seismic isolation structure 2 within a certain range, there is a possibility that the stopper itself, as well as the stopper itself, may be touched so as not to be damaged by contact or impact during movement. The location must be sufficiently reinforced. Further, in order to alleviate the impact at the time of contact, an elastic body such as rubber was used as the cushioning material 6 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, 6 and 7. In addition, in the case of an existing construction structure, the stopper 5 may be searched by using a ventilation hole under the floor, but confirmation and reinforcement of strength are indispensable.

As shown in the above example, the cushioning material 6 is fixed to the gap between the seismic isolation structure 2 and the stopper 5 or the building structure 1 of the main body, at a place where there is a possibility of contact during an earthquake or the like. As the cushioning material, an elastic material such as rubber or silicon gale is used, and a material having good fire resistance and durability is desirable.
However, a method is used in which an elastic body is fixed to a steel plate and inserted into the cushioning material retainer so that it can be easily replaced when the performance is deteriorated.

The damper 9 is used at a place where the space between the seismic isolation structure 2 and the main building structure 1 is wide, to support each other, absorb vibration energy and reduce shock. Although various types of dampers have been put into practical use, the damper 9 in FIG. 8 is an example in which a viscous body is used, and a cross-sectional view when the damper 9 is mounted is shown. Also, both ends to be attached need to be rotatably connected as shown in the figure.

Further, as a fire prevention measure to prevent the spread of fire in the event of an earthquake or the like, the building structure 1 and the seismic isolation structure 2
In order to enhance the fire resistance of the building, it is important that the outer walls and pillars have a fire resistant structure, a fireproof shutter is attached to the opening, and the interior is made as non-flammable as possible. And fire extinguishing equipment was installed by using the building structure 1 to ensure thoroughness.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the construction of a fire extinguishing system. When the fire detector 21 detects from which direction a fire approaches, the submersible pump 1 is sent from the underground water storage tank 18.
According to 9, fire extinguishing water is supplied to the top sprinkler and sprinkler pipe 22 of the seismic isolation structure 2, and a fire wall made of water is created outside the building structure 1. The power sources of the automatic fire extinguisher 20 and the submersible pump 19 are provided in addition to the solar battery 14 installed on the side of the seismic isolation structure 2 and the roof of the building structure 1 in consideration of a power failure during an earthquake, and a storage battery. 16 and 100
The fire extinguishing water was used by storing rainwater falling on the rooftop of the building structure 1 in the underground water storage tank 18 while using the volt AC power supply together. In order to save fire water, water sprinkling pipe 22
Was divided into four parts in the north, south, east and west directions, and watering was performed only on the required side.

[Effects of the Invention] Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. In other words, the seismic isolation structure as described above has only a small effect due to seismic force, and is mostly composed of beams and columns.
It is easy to design strong seismic resistance, and it is unlikely that it will collapse except for a large earthquake that involves the destruction of the ground such as liquefaction, and the building structure of the main body supported and protected by this is It is not necessary to use a rigid structure, and it is extremely difficult to collapse beyond its elastic range. In addition, it is considered that an automatic fire extinguishing device installed on the seismic isolation structure can prevent fire spread by fire.

As a result, the safety, planning, and livability of the building structure can be improved, and at the same time, the function of the building structure can be maintained during a large earthquake, and life and property can be protected.

In particular, the present invention is extremely effective as an anti-seismic reinforcement measure for existing building structures, since the construction can be performed without modifying the building structure of the main body.

In addition, since the building structure of the main body does not need to emphasize the earthquake resistance, a reduction in cost and an increase in functions and applications are expected. Furthermore, regarding seismic isolation structures, the use of members can be simplified, the height can be reduced, cushioning materials and dampers can be partially omitted, and the viscous damper of the rolling bearing with viscous dampers can be omitted. Cost reduction is expected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an earthquake-resistant building structure wrapped with a seismic isolation structure according to the present invention. The entry of digestive equipment is omitted.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a rolling bearing with a viscous damper (when a downward ball caster is used).

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a rolling bearing with a viscous damper (when a downward ball caster is used).

FIG. 4 shows a case where a polished steel plate is fixed in place of the downward ball caster in FIG. 3 and an upward ball caster and its mounting plate are installed on the ground in place of the sliding plate. FIG.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a stopper fixed to the ground.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a stopper fixed to a ground and a foundation beam.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view in the case of a stopper using a foundation beam.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view when a damper is attached between the upper beam of the seismic isolation structure and the roof of the building structure.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a digestion facility.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building structure 2 Seismic isolation structure 3 Rolling support 4 Viscous damper 5 Stopper 6 Buffer material 7 Sliding plate 8 Downward ball caster 9 Damper 10 Foundation beam of building structure 11 Steel plate for stop 12 Upward Ball caster 13 Mounting board for upward ball caster 14 Solar cell 15 Inverter 16 Storage battery 17 Rectifier 18 Underground water storage tank 19 Submersible pump 20 Automatic fire extinguishing device 21 Fire detector 22 Sprinkler tube and sprinkler 23 Controller

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An architectural structure which is supported from the outside and encloses the upper, side and lower parts of the architectural structure with a slight gap therebetween to form a seismic isolation structure which is also insulated from the ground. A seismic building structure wrapped in a seismic isolation structure characterized by the fact that it was constructed 2. A portion of the base of the base-isolated structure according to claim 1, which is in contact with the ground at the column base, is rollable or slidable with respect to the ground, and attenuates vibration energy in a vertical direction. A seismic building structure wrapped in a seismic isolation structure characterized by dampers installed on the column bases of the foundation 3. It is inevitable that the seismic isolation structure described in claim 1 slightly moves when an earthquake or the like occurs, and a stopper for controlling the seismic isolation structure within a certain range is added. A seismic isolation structure characterized by interposing a buffer and a damper in the gap between the building structure and the seismic isolation structure and the stopper to prevent damage due to mutual contact and attenuate vibration energy. Building structure wrapped in 4. A seismic isolation structure and an internal building structure which are installed in a seismic isolation structure and a building structure according to claim 1 to protect the seismic isolation structure and the internal building structure from fire damage. Seismic building structures wrapped in seismic structures