JP2000262098A - Self-operated variable speed generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a self-operated variable speed generator which is suitable for effectively using natural energy with output fluctuation. SOLUTION: A first rotor 1 arranged in a rotary shaft 5 constituted to be connected to an outer driving source, a second rotor 2 which physically surrounds the first rotor 1, while electromagnetic connection is kept and is provided with an auxiliary generator 3 with braking means, a current collecting means 6 which is connected to the terminal of an armature winding wire 2a of the second rotor 2 and transfers/receives electrical output to/from an outer part and a control means 9 controlling a system, so that the relative rotary speed of the first rotor 1 to the second rotor is kept constant by rotating or stopping the second rotor 2 according to the input of an outer driving source with an auxiliary motor 3 are installed. The voltage and the frequency of output from the armature winding wire 2a of the second rotor 2 are kept constant.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a novel self-powered variable-speed generator, and more particularly to a self-powered variable-speed generator that uses natural energy whose output power frequency tends to be uneven as a driving source.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Ordinary power generators are roughly classified into DC generators and AC generators according to the type of electrical output. The former generates a pulsating direct current and is applied to a special use.

[0003] Since many load facilities currently used are operated by an AC power supply, an AC generator is widely used. Synchronous generators and induction generators are known as AC generators. Synchronous generators are generally widely used. Each of these generators utilizes an electromagnetic induction phenomenon, and includes a field winding for generating a required magnetic field and an armature winding for generating electric power.

[0004] Such a generator is comprised of a stator in which a winding (coil) is wound in a casing, and a rotor inside the generator and supported by a rotating shaft. Further, a power transfer means is provided according to the type of power. Which of the field winding and the armature winding should be arranged on the stator side and which of the other should be arranged on the rotor side is theoretically arbitrary, but in general, considering the ease of power extraction In many cases, an armature winding is arranged on the stator side, and a field winding requiring only a small current is arranged on the rotor side. As a means for transferring power from the movable body or the rotating body, a sliding contact between a commutator or a slip ring and a brush is widely used.

[0005] In various AC generators, it is necessary to keep the frequency of the generated electric power constant in addition to keeping the voltage of the generated electric power within a certain range. This is because an electric load which is generally widely used is configured to be compatible with a constant voltage / constant frequency system. In order to stably supply electric power of a constant frequency in a normal AC generator, the drive input including the number of revolutions of the generator must be kept constant at all times.

[0006] In order to keep the drive input to the generator constant, large-scale generators that use hydraulic power, thermal power, nuclear power, etc. for electric utilities are equipped with a large-scale control device, and are therefore accurate. Control is being performed.

By the way, in recent years, environmental protection, energy saving,
Motivation to use natural energy is increasing from the viewpoint of prevention of global warming and the like, and installation of small generators is widely studied. Apart from photovoltaic power generation by stationary solar cells, wind power is the natural energy available for power generation,
Small hydropower, tidal power, wave power, etc. are being studied and some have been put into practical use.

The biggest problem with this kind of small-sized natural energy utilization equipment is that, for example, in the case of wind power, the output varies greatly from strong wind to slight wind or no wind every moment, so that output unevenness is large and it is difficult to obtain a stable output. . Such unstable output is undesirable, especially for driving an alternator, as it directly affects voltage and frequency. As such a measure, for example, in the case of a windmill,
Adjust the blade pitch in accordance with the wind power, etc. to reduce or increase the speed, etc., to keep the rotation speed constant, or in the case of a water turbine, set the condition of the small amount of water as a standard, and calculate the excess water amount when the water is increased In many cases, measures are taken to keep the rotation speed constant by discharging water, etc., and effective use of energy is often sacrificed.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a self-contained variable-speed generator capable of extracting electric power in a certain range of frequency and output while utilizing natural energy having uneven output such as wind power. As an issue.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a first embodiment which is mounted on a rotating shaft which can be connected to an external drive source.
A first rotor having a field winding or a permanent magnet, and a second rotor physically surrounding the first rotor and having an armature winding. Rotor and the second
Auxiliary rotation driving means and restraining means for rotating the rotor as required or holding the rotation stopped state, and current collecting means connected to the terminal of the armature winding wound on the second rotor. Current collecting means for transmitting and receiving an electrical output to and from the outside, and a rotation speed transmitted to the rotating shaft so that the frequency of the output power from the armature winding falls within a certain range. And a control means for controlling the auxiliary rotation driving means and the restraining means so as to rotate the second rotor or maintain the stopped state accordingly.

As the external drive source, a power generating engine utilizing natural energy which is liable to cause output unevenness is applicable. That is, the self-powered variable-speed generator of the present invention aims to eliminate fluctuations in the voltage and frequency of generated power due to output unevenness of an external drive source, and is a generator equipped with such means. There is no point in applying a power generating engine without uneven output.

More specifically, as the external drive source, more specifically, a wind turbine using wind energy, a water turbine using hydraulic energy, a water turbine using tidal energy, an engine using wave energy, or the like is applied. It is possible.

The first rotor is provided with a field winding or a permanent magnet as described above, and needless to say, these are electromagnetically coupled to the armature winding of the second rotor. It is arranged to keep. The field winding may be configured to be self-excited when the generator is small, and to supply DC power obtained by rectifying the AC power generated by the excitation coil using a semiconductor rectifier thereto. it can. The permanent magnet is suitable when the generator is small.

The second rotor has a function of a stator (stator) in a conventional generator. In the present invention, the second rotor is configured to be rotatable. It is expressed as a child. The second rotor is configured to be rotatable even if the input rotation speed from the external drive source fluctuates, by rotating or stopping the second rotor side forward or reverse. This is because the relative rotation speed of the child to the second rotor can be maintained within a certain range.

As the auxiliary rotation driving means, for example,
An electric motor whose rotation speed can be easily controlled can be employed, and as the restraining means, for example, an appropriate braking device can be employed.

As the power collecting means, various power transmitting / receiving means capable of transmitting and receiving an electric output to / from the outside can be freely adopted. For example, a configuration based on sliding contact between a commutator or a slip ring and a brush, a rotary transformer, or the like can be employed.

As described above, the control means controls the second power supply according to the rotation speed transmitted to the rotation shaft so that the frequency of the output power from the armature winding falls within a predetermined range.
In order to rotate the rotor or hold the stopped state, the auxiliary rotation driving means and the restraining means are controlled, and the value of the detection speed from the detection means for detecting the rotation speed of the rotating shaft is, for example, a reference value. Value, and based on the result,
This is to determine whether the second rotor is to be rotated forward or backward, or to keep the stopped state, and to determine the rotation speed in the former two cases, and to output a corresponding control signal. . Such a control means can be easily constituted by a computer and a program for causing the computer to perform the above operation.

Therefore, according to the self-powered variable-speed generator of the present invention, an external drive source is connected to the rotation shaft of the first rotor to drive the rotation, and the auxiliary rotation drive means and the control means are controlled by the control means. Activating any of the restraining means to rotate the second rotor at a required speed or to keep the stopped state, and to keep the relative rotation speed of the first rotor with respect to the second rotor within a certain range. Can be. Then, a power generation action is generated by an electromagnetic induction action between the field winding and the armature winding disposed on each of the first rotor and the second rotor.

In this self-powered variable-speed generator, when the drive input from the external drive source is appropriate, only the first rotor is rotated, so that the predetermined frequency and the predetermined voltage are maintained. Required and sufficient power generation can be performed.

On the other hand, if the drive input is reduced for some reason, for example, the wind power is weakened or the amount of water is reduced, the voltage and frequency of the generated power are reduced if left unattended. On the other hand, if the drive input increases for some reason, for example, the reverse of the above, for example, due to an increase in wind power or an increase in the amount of water, the voltage and frequency of the generated power will rise if left unattended.
When such a change in the output frequency is linked to another generator or a power system, it may be necessary to temporarily cut the output and release the link. In the case of islanding,
In the former case, depending on the type of load, there is a possibility that power cannot be supplied to the load, and a decrease in frequency may simultaneously adversely affect the load. In the latter case, the output power is sufficient, but depending on the type of load, fluctuations in the frequency may have an adverse effect.

Therefore, in the self-powered variable speed generator of the present invention, when the drive input to the rotating shaft is reduced, the value of the rotating speed of the rotating shaft detected by the detecting means is, of course, the reference value. The control signal is output from the control means so as to reverse the second rotor at a required rotation speed, and the auxiliary rotation drive means operates as described above to perform the second rotation. It causes such rotation of the child. Thus, the rotation speed of the first rotor relative to the second rotor is maintained within a certain range, and the voltage and frequency of the generated power are maintained within values within a predetermined range.

When the drive input to the rotating shaft increases,
The value of the rotation speed of the rotating shaft detected by the detection means is higher than a reference value, and a control signal is output from the control means to rotate the second rotor forward at a required rotation speed. The drive means is operated in such a manner to cause such rotation of the second rotor. Thus, the rotation speed of the first rotor relative to the second rotor is maintained within a certain range, and the voltage and frequency of the generated power are maintained within values within a predetermined range.

As described above, when the drive input to the rotating shaft is appropriate, a control signal is output from the control means so as to rotate only the first rotor, and the restraint means is used to release the control signal. The two rotors are constrained to hold the stopped state, and thus the relative rotation speed of the first rotor to the second rotor is kept within a certain range. The frequency is kept within a predetermined range.

The drive input to the rotary shaft does not directly detect the rotation of the rotor itself, but detects the voltage and frequency of the armature output. If the detected voltage and the detected frequency are lower than the reference values, If the drive input to the rotating shaft is relatively low and the detected value is higher than the reference value, the drive input to the rotating shaft is relatively high and if the detected value matches the reference value within a certain range, It is respectively determined that the drive input to the shaft is at a relatively appropriate height, and based on this, the auxiliary rotation drive means is used to reverse or forward the second rotor at a corresponding rotation speed. It is also possible to control or control the second rotor to be stopped in the stopped state by using the restraining means.

Further, detection coils are provided in each of the first rotor and the second rotor, and based on the frequency and / or voltage of the AC electromotive force generated in these detection coils,
It is also possible to estimate the rotational speed of the rotating shaft and control the forward / reverse rotation and stop of the second rotor from the same viewpoint as described above. The control method is basically the same as the case where the output of the armature winding is detected and performed.

In this way, an electromotive force of a certain range of frequency and voltage is generated in the armature winding disposed on the second rotor due to electromagnetic induction between the armature winding and the field winding disposed on the first rotor. The output power can be taken out through the current collecting means.

As described above, the output power is maintained within a certain allowable range in both frequency and voltage, even if the drive input to the rotating shaft constituting the first rotor fluctuates. According to the self-powered variable-speed generator of the present invention, stable and high-quality electric power can be obtained with a simple configuration.

[0028]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on embodiments with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory side sectional view of a self-powered variable speed generator according to an embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the self-powered variable-speed generator according to the present embodiment includes a first rotor 1, a second rotor 2 surrounding the first rotor, and a second rotor 2. In rotor 2,
An auxiliary motor (auxiliary rotation driving means) 3 connected from the side to rotate the motor forward or backward, the auxiliary motor 3 having a braking means (restraining means), and a rotating shaft supporting the first rotor 1 5 and an armature winding 2 disposed on the second rotor 2
1 basically comprises a current collecting means 6 for extracting the electric power generated from the electric motor a, and a control means 9 for controlling the auxiliary motor 3 to rotate forward or reverse or stop and brake.

The first rotor 1 has the same function as a rotor in a conventional generator. In this embodiment, the first rotor 1 has a field winding 1a. A field current can be supplied through a slip ring and a brush which is not used.

The second rotor 2 basically has the same function as the stator in the conventional generator, and has the armature winding 2a as described above, The generated power can be taken out through the means 6.

As described above, the second rotor 2 is disposed so as to surround the first rotor 1, and support disks 2b, 2b are fixed on both sides thereof, and Bearing 2 disposed on inner peripheral ends of supporting disks 2b, 2b
The rotating shaft 5 is rotatably arranged via the rotating shafts c and 2c. Further, below the outer peripheral side of the second rotor 2, spherical support means 8 rotatable between the second rotor 2 and the bottom of the mounting frame 7,
8 is disposed, and thereby receives the second rotor 2, thereby reducing the load on the rotating shaft 5.

The auxiliary motor 3 is provided with the braking means as described above, and rotates the second rotor 2 forward or backward while controlling the control means 9, or fixes the rotation stop state. To keep. As shown in FIG. 1, the output part at one end is disposed coaxially with the second rotor 2 and the output part at one end is connected to the second rotor 2 via the one support disk 2b. is there. This auxiliary motor 3
As shown in FIG. 1, an upright plate portion 7 on one side of the mounting frame 7 is provided.
The other side end is fixed to a, and the rotating shaft 5 is disposed in an exterior state.

A power source for driving the auxiliary motor 3 is provided with a secondary battery 12 that is auxiliary charged when excess power is generated, and is driven by using the power of the secondary battery 12. And

As shown in FIG. 1, the rotating shaft 5 has bearings 4 on upright plate portions 7a on both sides of the mounting frame 7.
It is rotatably arranged via 4.

The current collecting means 6 is formed outside the supporting disk 2b on one side (the right side in FIG. 1) of the second rotor 2. Although simply shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, the slip ring and the brush are configured to transmit and receive power between the rotating unit and the fixed unit. The output is transmitted and received via the power cable 10.

The control means 9 is constituted by a control circuit provided with a microcomputer housed in the control panel 11. This control circuit is provided with voltage detecting means for detecting the voltage of the output power of the armature winding 2a and frequency detecting means for detecting the frequency.

The control circuit receives the value of the detection voltage detected by the voltage detection means and the value of the detection frequency detected by the frequency detection means and compares them with respective reference values. If the value is in the range,
The braking means is actuated to the auxiliary motor 3 to output a control signal for controlling the second rotor 2 to be held in a stopped state, and the received detection voltage value and detection frequency value are If both are lower than the reference value, the auxiliary motor 3 releases the operation of the braking means and causes the auxiliary motor 3 to rotate in the reverse direction, and the rotation speed is set to a value corresponding to the degree of lowness with respect to the reference value. A control signal is output to control the auxiliary motor 3 if the received detection voltage value and detection frequency value are both higher than the respective reference values. A control signal for canceling the operation and performing the normal rotation operation, and outputting a control signal for controlling the rotation speed according to the height relative to the reference value is output.

A program for performing the above operation is stored in a storage means (ROM) in the control circuit according to a general technique. The storage means also stores reference values for the voltage and the frequency. In addition, the value is determined by actually measuring the relationship between the drive source input to the target generator and the output. According to other general techniques.

This self-powered variable-speed generator is configured as described above. When an output shaft of a windmill is connected to the rotating shaft 5, the rotating shaft 5 is rotationally driven by the rotational driving force. The first rotor 1 rotates, and the electromagnetic induction between the first rotor 1 and the second rotor 2 generates an electromotive force in the latter armature winding 2 a, which is output through the current collector 6.

The output voltage and the frequency of the armature winding 2a are detected by the voltage detecting means and the frequency detecting means, and when the respective values are inputted to the control means 9, the control circuit respectively controls the reference value and the reference value. The comparison is performed, and the judgment and processing are performed in the above-described process. If the value is within a certain range with respect to the reference value, the braking means of the auxiliary motor 3 is operated, and the second rotor 2 is stopped. When the detected voltage and the frequency are high, the auxiliary motor 3 rotates the second rotor 2 in the forward direction according to the height, and when the detected voltage and the frequency are low, the auxiliary motor 3 rotates the second rotor 2 in the forward direction. , The auxiliary motor 3 rotates the second rotor 2 in the reverse direction, and in any case, maintains the relative rotation speed of the first rotor 1 with respect to the second rotor 2 within a certain range. , Ie, the output of the armature winding 2a It is to hold the pressure and frequency substantially constant.

Therefore, according to the self-powered variable speed generator of this embodiment, the drive input is from an engine utilizing natural energy such as wind power, hydraulic power or tidal power,
Even if it is unstable and fluctuates, it can cause rotation of the second rotor 2 to compensate for the fluctuation, so that it is possible to stabilize the output voltage and frequency and obtain high-quality power. You can do it.

As a drive source of the auxiliary motor 3 for rotating the second rotor 2 as required, the power of the secondary battery 12 which is charged when the surplus power is generated is used. So without reducing the power generation efficiency,
Power generation using stable natural energy can be performed.

[0044]

According to the self-powered variable-speed generator of the present invention, the relative speed between the field winding and the armature winding can be almost always responded to the fluctuation of the mechanical power obtained by converting the natural energy. By maintaining the power constant, it is possible to supply so-called high-quality power in which the output voltage and the frequency are always substantially constant. As a result, it is possible to contribute to promoting the use of natural energy, and it is possible to generate power effectively for preventing environmental destruction and global warming, saving resources, and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory side sectional view of a self-powered variable-speed generator according to an embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st rotor 1a Field winding 2 2nd rotor 2a Armature winding 2b Support disk 2c Bearing 3 Auxiliary motor 4 Bearing 5 Rotating shaft 6 Current collecting means 7 Mounting frame 7a Upright plate part 8 Spherical support means 9 Control means 10 Power cable 11 Control panel 12 Secondary battery

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 5H590 AA02 CA11 CA14 CA21 CA30 CC01 CC02 CC18 CC19 CD01 CE02 CE05 EA05 EA07 EB02 EB07 EB20 FA05 GA02 GA09 GB05 HA02 HA09 JA02 5H607 AA14 BB02 BB07 BB14 BB18 BB26 CC01 DD07 DD DD DD19 FF34 GG01 GG08 HH05

Claims (3)

[Claims] A first rotor attached to a rotating shaft configured to be connectable to an external drive source, the first rotor having a field winding or a permanent magnet; A second rotor that physically surrounds the rotor, the second rotor having an armature winding; and an auxiliary rotation drive that rotates the second rotor as necessary or maintains a rotation stop state. Current collecting means connected to a terminal of an armature winding wound around the second rotor, the current collecting means for transmitting and receiving an electric output to and from the outside. In order to keep the frequency of the output power from the armature winding within a certain range, in order to rotate the second rotor according to the rotation speed transmitted to the rotating shaft or to maintain a stopped state,
A self-powered variable-speed generator comprising: the auxiliary rotation driving means; and control means for controlling the restraining means. 2. The self-powered variable speed generator according to claim 1, wherein the external drive source is a power generating engine that uses natural energy. 3. The self-powered vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the external drive source is any one of a wind turbine using wind energy, a water turbine using hydraulic energy, a water turbine using tidal energy, and an engine using wave energy. Variable speed generator.