JP2000259153A - Playing controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a playing controller in which playing is instantly changed to desired playing. SOLUTION: A control signal generating means 30 generates control signals to converge errors in the amount of compression and expansion based on changed information to zero and to instantly change swing playing even though reproducing tempo information and depth information are changed by a tempo operator 50 and a depth operator 60 while musical sound waveforms are read from a waveform memory 10 by a waveform generating means 20 and swing playing is conducted.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a performance control device for controlling a performance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a performance control apparatus which stores a series of musical sound waveforms and controls a performance by generating a reproduced waveform by compressing or expanding the time axis of the stored musical sound waveforms. I have. As one of such performance control devices, a technique for controlling a swing performance has been proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-55180. According to this technique, a musical sound waveform is stored, and a first half and a second half of a waveform in each cycle when the stored musical sound waveform is divided by a cycle corresponding to a predetermined note length are respectively relative to each other. By reading at a relatively low speed and a relatively high speed, the time axis is expanded and compressed, and a swing is given to the reproduced musical sound.

[0003]

By the way, in the above-mentioned publication, when the change pattern for controlling the reading speed of the waveform reading is switched by a user's operation, only a predetermined timing is used so that the timing which should not be shifted is not shifted. Is used to switch the change pattern.

[0004] Therefore, in the above publication, there is a problem that it is difficult to control the change pattern immediately, even if an attempt is made to change the change pattern.

It is also desirable to have a performance control device which includes a tempo operator for changing the performance tempo and a depth operator for changing the magnitude of the swing effect, and the operation of the operator is immediately reflected in the performance. However, no satisfactory ones have been proposed.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a performance control device capable of immediately changing to a desired performance.

[0007]

To achieve the above object, the performance control apparatus of the present invention comprises: (1) a waveform storage means for storing a series of musical sound waveforms; and (2) a temporal change indicating a compression / expansion level. Compression / expansion means for generating a reproduced waveform by compressing or expanding the time axis of the musical tone waveform while following a change in the allowed control signal. (3) A periodic signal for generating a periodic signal indicating the level of compression / expansion. Generating means (4) Signal changing means for controlling the periodic signal generating means and adding a change to the generated periodic signal. (5) In the changed periodic signal generated by the periodic signal generating means, An error correction means is provided which corrects the periodic signal so that the integral value of the periodic signal at each integral period converges to 0 in the subsequent integral period.

[0008] The performance control device of the present invention is capable of changing the compression / expansion level during the generation of the reproduced waveform by compressing or expanding the time axis of the musical tone waveform stored in the waveform storage means. The control signal is generated such that an error in the amount of compression and decompression generated due to the changed level converges to zero. Therefore, for example, even when the tempo or the depth is changed, a performance corresponding to the changed tempo or the depth can be immediately performed. Therefore,
There is no need to wait for a predetermined section break as before,
It can be changed immediately to the desired performance.

Here, it is preferable that the signal changing means changes the period of the periodic signal.

When such a signal changing means is provided, even if the tempo is changed, a performance corresponding to the changed tempo can be performed immediately.

Also, there is provided a reproduction tempo setting means for setting the tempo of the reproduction waveform by the compression / expansion means while permitting a change during the reproduction of the waveform. The signal changing means comprises a tempo set by the reproduction tempo setting means. It is also a preferable embodiment that the period of the periodic signal is changed in accordance with the following.

With such a playback tempo setting means and signal changing means, the user can operate the playback tempo setting means during a performance to immediately change the tempo of the performance to a desired tempo. .

Further, the signal changing means may change the amplitude of the periodic signal generated by the periodic signal generating means.

With such a signal changing means, for example, even if the depth is changed during the swing performance, the performance can be immediately performed with the swing effect having the magnitude corresponding to the changed depth. it can.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of an embodiment of a performance control device according to the present invention.

The performance control device 100 shown in FIG. 1 is capable of changing the tempo or the depth even if the user operates the operating element to change the tempo or the depth while a certain swing performance is being performed. This is a device that can be immediately changed to a new swing performance in response.

The performance control device 100 includes a waveform memory 10, a waveform generation means 20, and a control signal generation means 30.
, Start / stop operator 40 and tempo operator 5
0 and a depth operator 60 are provided. First, the controls 40, 50, 60 will be described.

The start / stop operator 40 is an operator for instructing the start or stop of a performance of a series of musical tones, and once operated, the "H" for instructing the start of the performance.
A level start / stop signal is output, and when operated again, an 'L' level start / stop signal for instructing to stop playing is output.

The tempo operator 50 corresponds to a reproduction tempo setting means according to the present invention, and sets a tempo of a reproduction waveform generated by the waveform generation means 20, which will be described later, while allowing a change during reproduction of the waveform. Yes, and outputs playback tempo information indicating the set tempo.

The depth operator 60 is used to set the magnitude of the swing to be given (depth of modulation).
The depth information indicating the set modulation depth is output.

Next, the waveform memory 10 will be described. The waveform memory 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a data structure of the waveform memory shown in FIG.

The waveform memory 10 corresponds to waveform storage means according to the present invention. The waveform memory 10 includes PCM waveform data 11 which is the main waveform data and an original tempo which is the original tempo of the PCM waveform data 11. Tempo 12
And a start address 13 and an end address 14 indicating the start address and the end address of the PCM waveform data 11, respectively.

The waveform generating means 20 will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of the waveform generating means shown in FIG.

The waveform generating means 20 shown in FIG. 3 comprises a time axis compression / expansion processing means 21 provided with a reading means 21a, a dividing means 22, and an adding means 23.

The time axis compression / expansion processing means 21 corresponds to the compression / expansion means of the present invention, and indicates the level of compression / expansion. In the meantime, when the musical sound waveform represented by the PCM waveform data 11 is divided by a cycle corresponding to a predetermined note length, the first half and the second half of the waveform in each cycle are expanded and compressed on the time axis, respectively. Generate The reading means 21a provided in the time axis compression / expansion processing means 21 transmits the PCM data to the waveform memory 10 described above.
An address (address) for reading out the waveform data 11 and the original tempo 12 necessary for reproducing the PCM waveform data 11 is output.
From 0, the PCM waveform data 11 and the original tempo 12 are read as data.

The dividing means 22 receives the reproduction tempo information from the tempo operator 50 and the original tempo information from the reading means 21a, and divides the "reproduction tempo information / original tempo information" to obtain the reproduction tempo. A "reference companding coefficient" for performing reproduction at a reproduction tempo corresponding to the information is calculated. For example, if reproduction tempo information = 180 BPM original tempo information = 100 BPM, the reference companding coefficient = 180/100 = 1.8.

The adding means 23 adds the level of the control signal to the reference companding coefficient obtained by the dividing means 22 to generate a companding coefficient and inputs the coefficient to the time axis compression / expansion processing means 21.

Here, the time axis compression / expansion processing means 21
When a companding coefficient larger than “1” is input, the time axis compression / expansion processing means 21 compresses the PCM waveform data 11 in the time axis direction to generate a reproduced waveform. Therefore, the reproduction tempo becomes faster. On the other hand, when a companding coefficient smaller than "1" is input, the PCM waveform data 11 is expanded in the time axis direction to generate a reproduced waveform. Therefore, the reproduction tempo becomes slow. When "1" is input as the companding coefficient, no compression or decompression is performed, and a reproduced waveform is generated at the original tempo.

Next, the control signal generating means 30 will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of the control signal generating means shown in FIG.

The control signal generation means 30 shown in FIG. 4 includes a waveform table 31, a table selection means 32, a sequence data storage means 33, a control means 34, and an interpolation means 3.
5, multiplication means 36, addition means 37, and error correction means 38.

Waveform table 31, table selection means 3
2. The sequence data storage means 33, the control means 34, the interpolation means 35, and the multiplication means 36 correspond to a periodic signal generating means for generating a periodic signal indicating a compression / expansion level according to the present invention. The waveform table 31 and the sequence data storage means 33 will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a plurality of types of periodic waveforms stored in the waveform table, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing sequence data stored in the sequence data storage means.

As shown in FIG. 5, the waveform table 31 uses a periodic signal for one beat as one unit, and a plurality of types of periodic waveforms wave1, wave1, which have different waveform shapes and periods.
2, wave3, wave4,... Are stored. As shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of periodic waveforms wave1, wave2, and wav are stored in the sequence data storage unit 33.
Sequence data defining the order in which e3, wave4,... are read out is stored. In FIG. 6, the periodic waveforms wave1, wave2, wave5,..., Wave
3 are read out in order.

The control means 34 shown in FIG.
A stop signal and playback tempo information are input. Here, the control means 34 supplies a start / stop signal as'
When the H 'level is input, the control unit 34 refers to the sequence data stored in the sequence data storage unit 33, and outputs table selection information corresponding to the referenced sequence data to the table selection unit 32. . The table selection means 32 selects a periodic waveform corresponding to the sequence data stored in the waveform table 31 based on the table selection information. As a result, the waveform data representing the selected periodic waveform is input to the interpolation means 35. Further, the control means 34 generates a beat timing according to the input reproduction tempo information,
It is input to an error correction means 38 described later.

The interpolating means 35 receives reproduction tempo information in addition to the above-mentioned waveform data. The interpolation means 35
This is an example of the signal changing means according to the present invention, in which an interpolation operation is performed on the waveform data representing the selected periodic waveform at a step address corresponding to the reproduction tempo information, and the time axis of the periodic waveform is An interpolated or expanded interpolation period signal is generated according to the reproduction tempo information.

That is, when the waveform table 31 is read at the step address corresponding to the reproduction tempo information, the read address is an address in the decimal point expression, and the waveform data may not exist. Therefore, the waveform data of the integer address before and after the address is read, and the waveform data of the decimal point address is generated by the interpolation operation from the data, thereby generating the interpolation period signal.

Such a method is used in a sound source of an electronic musical instrument of a waveform reading type and is a known method. The waveform table 31 stores a periodic waveform of 120 BPM. Here, the step address is obtained by the calculation of step address = reproduction tempo information / 120. For example, if the playback tempo information is 120
In the case of BPM, the step address is “1”, and therefore, the cycle of the interpolation periodic signal is the same as the cycle of the first periodic signal. Further, for example, when the reproduction tempo information is 60 BPM, the step address is 0.5, and therefore, the cycle of the interpolation cycle signal is extended to twice the cycle of the first cycle signal.

The interpolation cycle signal generated by the interpolation means 35 is input to the multiplication means 36. Also, the depth operator 6
Depth information from 0 is also input. This multiplication means 36
Is an example of signal changing means for changing the amplitude of the periodic signal according to the present invention. Here, the interpolation periodic signal is multiplied by a depth coefficient based on the depth information to obtain the amplitude of the interpolation periodic signal, that is, the modulation depth. Set. As a result, the magnitude of the swing timing change can be set. In this way, a period signal whose period has been changed by the interpolation means 35 and whose amplitude has been changed by the multiplication means 36 is generated. This periodic signal is supplied to an error correcting means 38 via an adding means 37.
Is input to

The processing of the error correcting means 38 will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of the error correction means shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing operation waveforms of the performance control device shown in FIG.

The error correcting means 38 shown in FIG. 7 includes an integrating means 38a, a flip-flop 38b (FF1),
T operation means 38c and flip-flop 38d (FF
2) and a conversion table 38e. Here, as shown in FIG. 8, depth information and reproduction tempo information of a predetermined level are output from a depth operator 60 and a tempo operator 50 provided in the performance control device 100.
In such a state, the start / stop operator 4
“0” is operated, and an “H” level is output as a start / stop signal. Then, the control means 34 (see FIG. 4)
Operates, whereby a periodic signal corresponding to the depth information and the reproduction tempo information is output from the multiplication means 36. This periodic signal is input to the integration means 38a as a signal IN via the addition means 37. The integrating means 38a integrates the waveform of the periodic signal. Here, in the first section a1 determined by the beat timing signal shown in FIG. 8, an area for decompression (an area on one side), which is the first half, and a compression area, which is the second half, of the waveform represented by the periodic signal. Since the area is equal to the area (the area on the + side), the integral value is 0. Next, the depth operator 60 is operated in the middle of the section a2, and the modulation is set in the shallow direction. Then, the area on the + side becomes smaller than the area on one side. Therefore, the integration means 38a outputs an integrated value of the difference between the areas. This integrated value is sampled by the flip-flop 38b with the beat timing signal, and an error signal having an area of level d1 × cycle T1 is output in the section a3. This error signal is calculated by the 1 / T calculating means 3
8c. On the other hand, data for obtaining a cycle based on the reproduction tempo information is output from the conversion table 38e to the flip-flop 38d. The flip-flop 38d samples this data with a beat timing signal to obtain a cycle T1, and inputs the cycle T1 to the 1 / T calculating means 38c. The 1 / T operation means 38 c
b is divided by the period T1, and the divided value (d
1 / T1) is fed back to the adding means 37 as a signal OUT. Thus, the area on the negative side and the area on the positive side of the waveform of the second periodic signal in the section a3 become equal. Therefore, processing is performed so that the integral value up to the end timing of the previous section a2 converges to 0 in the next section a3.

Next, in the middle of the section a4, the tempo operator 50 is operated this time to set the tempo faster.
Then, the level of the reproduction tempo information increases, and the period of the periodic signal is shortened halfway according to this level. For this reason, the area on the + side is smaller than the area on one side of the waveform of the periodic signal in the section a4. However, in the next section a5, the value obtained in the same manner as the section a3 (d2 /
Since T2) is fed back to the adding means 37 as the signal OUT, the error signal is canceled.

In the above-described embodiment, the integration value at the end of the previous cycle is converged to 0 in the next one cycle section. However, the cycle for performing the convergence process is an integer cycle. Is also good.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a start processing routine executed by the control means shown in FIG.

This start processing routine is performed by an interrupt signal generated when the start / stop operator 40 is operated to start playing and the start / stop signal changes from "L" level to "H" level. Is activated. In this start processing routine, in step S11, a timer (not shown) provided in the control unit 34
And the routine is terminated. When the timer interrupt is permitted, the timer generates a timer interrupt signal every predetermined time. Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to FIG.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a timer interrupt processing routine executed by the control means shown in FIG.

When the timer interrupt is permitted in step S11 shown in FIG. 9 described above, this routine is repeatedly executed at predetermined time intervals by a timer interrupt signal from a timer provided in the control means 34.

First, in step S21, start /
It is determined whether the stop signal is at the “H” level or the “L” level. When it is determined that the stop signal is at the “H” level, the start of the performance is instructed, and the process proceeds to step S22.
In step S22, the playback tempo information is input, and the flow advances to step S23. In step S23, the reproduction tempo information is converted into step data, and the step data is set as a count value in the counter.

Next, in step S24, it is determined whether or not the count value of the counter is equal to or greater than one beat value B. Here, one beat value B indicates B which is a value to be counted by the counter during one beat. If it is determined that the count value is smaller than the one-beat value B, the process proceeds to step S30, which will be described later, because one beat has not yet elapsed. On the other hand, if it is determined that the count value is equal to or greater than the one-beat value B, it means that the time for one beat has elapsed, and therefore, step S25
Proceed to. In step S25, a beat timing signal having a cycle corresponding to the reproduction tempo information is output.

Next, in step S26, the sequence data is read from the sequence data storage means 33, and
Set table selection information. Next, the process proceeds to step S27. In step S27, it is determined whether the sequence data has been completed. If it is determined that the sequence data has ended, the process proceeds to step S31 to be described later to end the performance. If it is determined that the sequence data has not been completed, the process proceeds to step S28 to continue the performance. In step S28, the sequence data read address is incremented, and
Go to 29. In step S29, a value obtained by subtracting one beat value B from the count value is set as a new count value.
This is for correcting the difference when the count value exceeds one beat value B. In step S30, the count value is incremented by the increment data, and this routine ends.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S21 that the start / stop signal is at "L" level, the flow advances to step S31 to stop the performance currently being performed.

In step 31, the count value is set to one beat value B. This makes it possible to accurately output a beat timing signal at the start of the next performance. Next, in step S32, the sequence data read address is reset, and the flow advances to step S33. In step S33, the timer interruption is prohibited, and this routine ends.

In the performance control device 100 of the present embodiment, the control means 34 operates in this way, and the waveform generation means 20
Even if the playback tempo information and the depth information are changed by the tempo operator 50 and the depth operator 60 during the reading of the musical tone waveform from the waveform memory 10 and the swing performance is performed, the information is based on the changed information. A control signal is generated by the control signal generating means 30 so that the error of the compression / expansion amount converges to 0, and the swing performance is immediately changed.

In the present embodiment, the tempo operator 30 is provided, and reproduction tempo information indicating a desired tempo is obtained by operating the tempo operator 30, but the present invention is not limited to this. The reproduction tempo information may be obtained via a MIDI interface. Alternatively, the period of the MIDI clock may be measured and used as the reproduction tempo information.

In the present embodiment, an example of a swing performance has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this.

[0060]

As described above, according to the present invention,
In addition to the effect of being able to immediately respond to a desired performance, even when performing an automatic performance by another automatic performance device at the same tempo in parallel with the waveform signal performance using the performance control device of the present invention, Even if the change or the modulation depth is changed, the effect that the timing shift does not occur can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of a performance control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a data structure of a waveform memory shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a waveform generation unit shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a control signal generating unit shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a plurality of types of periodic waveforms stored in a waveform table.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing sequence data stored in a sequence data storage unit.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of an error correction unit shown in FIG. 4;

8 is a diagram showing operation waveforms of the performance control device shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a start processing routine executed by the control means shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a timer interrupt processing routine executed by the control means shown in FIG. 4;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Waveform memory 11 PCM waveform data 12 Original tempo 13 Start address 14 End address 20 Waveform generation means 21 Time axis compression / expansion processing means 21a Reading means 22 Division means 23, 37 Addition means 30 Control signal generation means 31 Waveform table 32 Table selection means 33 Sequence data storage means 34 Control means 35 Interpolation means 36 Multiplication means 38 Error correction means 38a Integration means 38b, 38d Flip-flop 38c 1 / T calculation means 38e Conversion table 40 Start / stop manipulator 50 Tempo manipulator 60 Depth Operator 100 Arithmetic controller

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A waveform storage means for storing a series of musical sound waveforms, wherein a time axis of the musical sound waveform is compressed or decompressed while following a change in a control signal indicating a compression / expansion level, which is allowed to change with time. Compression / expansion means for generating a reproduced waveform by expansion; periodic signal generation means for generating a periodic signal indicating the level of compression / expansion; and controlling the periodic signal generation means to add a change to the generated periodic signal. Signal changing means, and an integrated value of the periodic signal to which a change is added, which is generated by the periodic signal generating means, at a timing of each integer cycle of the periodic signal is set to 0 in a subsequent integer cycle.
An error correction means for correcting the periodic signal so as to converge on the performance. 2. The performance control device according to claim 1, wherein said signal changing means changes a period of said periodic signal. 3. A reproduction tempo setting means for setting a tempo of a reproduction waveform by said compression / expansion means while permitting a change during reproduction of the waveform, wherein said signal changing means includes a tempo set by said reproduction tempo setting means. 3. The performance control device according to claim 2, wherein the cycle of the periodic signal is changed in accordance with the following. 4. The performance control device according to claim 1, wherein said signal changing means changes the amplitude of a periodic signal generated by said periodic signal generating means.