JP2000255482A - Bulk carrier equipped with automatic unloader - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To safely and efficiently carry out unloading work. SOLUTION: A hold 2 is made only of a flat plate to minimize the remaining of a load 3 and facilitate the scratching-off of the load 3, a glove bucket 17 is lowered for the load 3 stuck to a slope 14 side, a moving device 31 is moved laterally, and unloading is carried out by using the protruded part 37 of the glove bucket 17 to scratch off the load 3 to a hold bottom. Thus, no recovery work is necessary in the hold 2 by human labor or bulldozer, safe unloading work is carried out and, without any cutoffs in work continuity, a reduction in loading efficiency is prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for holding sand, gravel,
The present invention relates to a bulk carrier that loads a bulk powder or small lumps of coal, ore, etc., and drives an automatic unloading device to land the cargo or transfer the cargo to another ship.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An example of a conventional bulk carrier is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 13, the cross-sectional shape of the hold 2 of this type of bulk carrier 4 is octagonal, its maximum width is almost equal to the ship width, and the upper opening of the hold 2 has a width approximately equal to the ship width. Half. The bulkheads 2A before and after the hold 2 are formed of corrugated steel plates, and the side walls 13 generally have ribs on the side protruding.

[0003]

In the conventional bulk carrier 4 described above, the load 3 in the hold 2 is grasped and discharged only by the turning motion of the crane K and the lifting and lowering of the grab bucket. Incidentally, the unloading of the load 3 may be performed by using the crane K or by using a dedicated unloading facility such as a continuous bucket system installed on the quay.

[0004] An inclined surface 14 is formed on the side wall 13 of the hold 2 so that the load 3 can easily slide down toward the bottom of the hold. The inclination is about 45 °, and the load 3 is compacted. In the case of viscous coal such as coal, the load 3 attached to the side wall 13 or the inclined surface 14 is unlikely to slide down. Further, since the width of the upper opening of the hold 2 is about half the width of the ship, the range of the load 3 that can be grasped by the unloading equipment is limited to the upper opening of the hold 2 and its periphery. Partition wall 2A before and after 2
Is formed of corrugated steel plate, and the side walls 13 have side ribs protruding therefrom, so that the load 3 remaining in the hold 2 can be manipulated by a machine such as a bulldozer or an operator enters the hold 2. At present, the load 3 accumulated between the bulkhead 2A and the ribs on the side of the ship is scraped off by human power.

[0005] Performing such work while the grab bucket is in operation is dangerous, and carrying out the cargo handling work using human power or a machine after the work in the grab bucket is not continuous. Was cut off, causing a reduction in cargo handling efficiency. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a bulk carrier provided with an automatic unloading device capable of solving the above-mentioned problems.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems In the present invention, the width of the upper opening of the loading hold formed on the hull is formed as wide as possible in the hull width, and the hull straddles the hold. A portal frame is provided so that it can be moved in the bow and stern directions. This portal frame can be moved in the ship width direction and can move up and down and a horizontally long grab bucket, and can be moved in the bow and stern direction within the portal frame base A hopper with a feeder conveyor is provided, and a conveyor belt conveyor and a boom conveyor for unloading are arranged on the side of the ship.

Further, a plurality of holds are provided in the bow-stern direction of the hull, and each hold is formed of a surrounding wall having a flat and nearly vertical angle at the front, rear, right and left sides thereof, and a lid member for covering an upper opening of the hold. The portal frame is provided with a transfer device that lifts each of these lid members and transfers the lid member from an upper opening of a predetermined hold to an upper opening of another hold. According to the above configuration, the portal frame is moved in the bow-stern direction,
Remove the lid of the hold to be unloaded using the transfer device from the upper opening of the hold and place it at another location, and move the portal frame toward the bow with the upper opening open. The grab bucket is lowered into the hold, the load is grasped, and the load is lifted and unloaded.The load remaining in the ship width direction is driven by moving the grab bucket in the ship width direction by driving the moving device. By grasping, unloading work is performed safely and efficiently.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to a bulk carrier 4 shown in FIGS. Then, the bulk carrier 4 according to the embodiment of the present invention has the configuration shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.
Each of these holds 2 is used to discharge a bulk load 3 of bulk powder such as coal loaded in each hold 2 or transfer the load 3 to another ship. And the bulk carrier 4 according to the embodiment of the present invention
A plurality of pontoon-type lid members 20 that cover each hold 2 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 1, each of these holds 2 has a wide upper opening 12 and a steeply inclined surface 14 at the lower portion of the side wall 13 to minimize the remainder of the load 3. Then, the ship-side ribs protrude toward the tank side (the ship body wall side). Next, the unloading device 5 will be described with reference to FIGS. This includes a track 22a disposed in parallel along the left and right sides of the deck 21 of the hull 1, a portal frame 16 configured to be able to run on the track 22a, and a track 22a on the deck 21 on the berthing side. And a conveyor belt conveyor 15 arranged.

The portal frame 16 includes a traveling frame 24 having a traveling device 23 for traveling the portal frame 16 along the track 22a, and a pair of right and left standing members erected from the traveling frame 24. Leg member 25,
And a connecting member 26 for connecting the leg members 25 at the upper part thereof. The connecting member 26 is formed slightly wider than the upper opening 12 of the hold 2, and a transfer device 42 for transferring the lid member 20 to the adjacent upper opening 12 of the hold 2 is provided on the lower surface of the leg member 25. Have been.

The transfer device 42 includes a transfer hydraulic cylinder 44 and a grip portion that engages with an anchor provided on the side surface of the lid member 20. The connecting member 26 is provided with a lifting drum 28 driven by an electric motor for lifting and lowering with a reduction gear, and an opening / closing drum 30 driven by an electric motor for opening and closing with a reduction gear. 28 and the opening / closing drum 30 are attached to the connecting member 26 via a moving device 31 that can move in the left-right direction. The moving device 31 is controlled so as to run on a track 32 provided on the connecting member 26 in the left-right direction.

An elevating rope 33 wound around the elevating drum 28 is connected to the hanging cross member 34 of the grab bucket 17 through the vertical hole 26 a of the connecting member 26, and the opening / closing rope wound around the opening / closing drum 30. The glove bucket 17 is opened and closed by the ridge 35. The grab bucket 17
The grab bucket 17 is formed in a horizontal width smaller than the upper opening 12 of the hold 2, and can be moved up and down in the hold 2 from a position above the hold 2 by winding and unwinding the lift rope 33. The pair of front and rear buckets 36 can be opened and closed by winding and unwinding, and each bucket 36 has a protruding portion 37 that protrudes left and right with respect to the support portion 29.

A track 22b extending in the front-rear direction is provided on the left and right running frames 24.
A traveling device 38a is provided so as to be able to travel in the front-rear direction along the feeder conveyor 18a.
The hoppers 19 located at higher positions are respectively attached to the left and right directions of the hold 2, and a chute 11 located above the conveyor belt conveyor 15 is provided at an end of the feeder conveyor 18.

The hopper 19 and the feeder conveyor 18
As shown in FIG. 4, the position of the grab bucket 17 is indicated immediately below the grab bucket 17 (indicated by the phantom line), that is, the first position at the same position as the grab bucket 17 in the front-rear direction. It is configured to be able to travel in the front-rear direction over a second position away from the bucket 17 in the front-rear direction, and its frame 38 is provided with a reflection plate 39 for a photoelectric sensor. A photoelectric sensor (not shown) for detecting that the vehicle has traveled is provided.

The grab bucket 17 is provided with a remaining amount sensor 40 for detecting the remaining amount of the load 3 in the hold 2.
As the remaining amount sensor 40, a distance measuring sensor such as a light beam type or a sound wave type that measures the distance to the load 3 when the grab bucket 17 is at the uppermost position is used. Each of the traveling devices 23,
38a is a traveling electric motor 41A with a built-in brake,
41B, the vehicle is always in a braking state when stopped, and each of the traveling devices 23 and 38a uses an independent drive system.

The lifting electric motor and the opening / closing electric motor are provided with a load sensor. The detection signals of the load sensor, the remaining amount sensor 40 and the photoelectric sensor transmitter / receiver 43 are transmitted to a control device (not shown). ), And controls the driving of the electric motor for lifting and lowering, the electric motor for opening and closing, and the electric motors 41A and 41B for traveling based on those signals. Next, the operation will be described. After loading the cargo 3 in each hold 2 as described above, when the cargo 3 is landed or transferred to another ship, first, the traveling electric motor 41A is driven to move the portal frame 16. It is moved above a predetermined hold 2 and the cover member 2
A transfer device 42 for transferring 0 to the upper opening 12 of the adjacent hold 2 is used. That is, the transfer device 42
The transfer hydraulic cylinder 44 is engaged with the gripping portion provided on the lid member 20, and the electric motor 41A for driving is driven to move the portal frame 16 above the adjacent hold 2,
The lid member 20 that covers the upper opening 12 of the predetermined hold 2 to be unloaded is replaced with the upper opening 12 (the lid member 2) of the adjacent hold 2.
0), and the transfer hydraulic cylinder 44 is driven to lower the lid member 20. In this manner, the lid member 20 is removed from the upper opening 12 of the predetermined hold 2, and is moved above the adjacent hold 2 to open the upper opening 12 of the predetermined hold 2,
Thereafter, an unloading operation is performed from a predetermined hold 2.

That is, as shown in FIG.
When the state of the second position is changed from the state of the second position to the state of the second position by reflecting and receiving the light of the photoelectric sensor transmitter / receiver 43 by the reflection plate 39 for the photoelectric sensor, the control device controls the traveling electric motor 41B. When the braking is stopped and the remaining amount sensor 40 detects the remaining amount of the load 3 in the hold 2 and the load 3 exists immediately below the grab bucket 17, a feed signal is output to the electric motor for lifting and lowering. The lifting drum 28 is extended and rotated, and the lifting cable 33 is extended and the grab bucket 17 is extended.
Is lowered.

When the bucket 36 of the grab bucket 17 enters the load 3 in the hold 2, the tension acting on the lifting rope 33 is weakened, and the load acting on the lifting electric motor is reduced. Is reduced, the control device drives the opening / closing motor to close based on the detection signal,
The pair of buckets 36 is closed by feeding out the opening / closing drum 30, and the load 3 is grasped as shown in FIG. A pair of buckets 3
When the opening 6 is closed, the tension of the opening / closing cable 35 is reduced, and the load acting on the opening / closing electric motor is reduced. As a result, the detection value of the load sensor is reduced. Output the winding signal to the lifting drum 2
8 is taken up and rotated to take up the elevating rope 33 and the grab bucket 17 is raised.

As shown in FIG. 7, when the grab bucket 17 reaches the uppermost position, the tension of the elevating rope 33 becomes large and the load of the electric motor for elevating becomes large, and this is detected by the load sensor. The control device brakes and stops the electric motor for lifting and lowering, and at the same time, the control device
To drive the hopper 19 toward the first position as shown in FIG.

As described above, when the hopper 19 reaches the first position, the light from the photoelectric sensor transmitter / receiver 43 is reflected and received by the photoelectric sensor reflecting plate 39 provided on the frame 38. Stops the traveling electric motor 41B. At the same time, as shown in FIG. 9, the opening / closing electric motor is controlled to open, and the opening / closing drum 30 is wound and rotated to open the pair of buckets 36 above the hopper 19.

Thus, the load 3 in the grab bucket 17 is
Is loaded into the hopper 19, and the load 3 loaded into the hopper 19 is conveyed by the feeder conveyer 18, discharged from the chute 11 via the conveyer belt conveyer 15, via the unloading boom conveyer 15a and outboard. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, when the pair of buckets 36 are fully opened, the tension of the opening / closing cable 35 becomes large, and when the load sensor detects the tension, the control device stops the opening / closing electric motor and at the same time simultaneously controls the traveling electric motor. 41B is driven to move the hopper 19 toward the second position. At this time, of course, the feeder conveyor 18 continues to convey the load 3 in the hopper 19.

Then, as shown in FIG.
Is again in the second position, the control device brakes so that the photoelectric sensor 43 for the photoelectric sensor is activated and the electric motor for traveling is stopped in the same manner as described above. At the same time, the remaining amount sensor 40
It detects whether there is a load 3 in the hold 2 immediately below the grab bucket 17 and, when there is no load 3, drives the traveling electric motor 41A to move the portal frame 16 and the remaining amount sensor 40 detects the hold 2. The remaining amount sensor 40 detects the presence or absence of the load 3 in the vehicle, and the remaining amount sensor 40 detects the presence of the load 3, and the control device stops the drive of stopping the electric motor 41A for traveling, and the grab bucket as described above. 17 is lowered and the load 3 is unloaded. The above operations are continuously performed.

By the way, an inclined surface 14 is formed on the side wall 13 of the hold 2 in order to minimize the rest of the load 3, but if the side wall 13 has a viscosity such as compacted coal, the periphery of the side wall 13 The load 3 may be hard to slide down due to close contact with the wall surface. Therefore, when the remaining amount sensor 40 detects this,
The control device lowers the grab bucket 17 in the same manner as described above, and outputs a drive signal to the moving device 31, whereby the grab bucket 17 is moved as shown by the phantom line in FIG.
Moves leftward or rightward and descends further. At this time, the control device operates the moving device 31 so that the protruding portion 37 of the grab bucket 17 descends in the vicinity of the side wall 13.
Drive. Then, the protruding portion 37 of the grab bucket 17 can scrape off the load 3 attached to the side wall 13 to the bottom of the hold 2 or grasp the load 3 to convey and unload the load.

When the unloading from the predetermined hold 2 is completed, the transfer device 42 is used as described above, and the lid member 20 is moved to the upper opening 1 of another hold 2 (for example, the hold 2 whose unloading has been completed).
2, the upper opening 12 of the hold 2 is opened, and unloading is performed. As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, even when the load 3 such as compacted coal is unlikely to slide down from the side wall 13, when the remaining amount sensor 40 detects this, the control device performs , The grab bucket 17 is lowered, and a drive signal is output to the moving device 31, whereby the grab bucket 17 moves leftward or rightward,
By lowering, the protruding portion 37 of the grab bucket 17 is lowered immediately near the side wall 13, and this protruding portion 37 scrapes the load 3 attached to the side wall 13 to the bottom of the hold 2,
Alternatively, the load 3 can be grasped, transported, and unloaded as described above. Therefore, the inside of the hold 2, that is, the side wall 13
There is no need for the worker 3 to enter the hold 2 and manually collect the remaining cargo 3 by hand or by using a machine such as a bulldozer, so that the unloading operation can be performed safely, and the work in the grab bucket 17 can be performed. Since it is not necessary to carry out the cargo handling work using human power or a machine after the completion, the continuity of the work is not interrupted, and a decrease in the cargo handling efficiency (unloading efficiency) can be prevented.

The length of the protrusion 37 in the left-right direction is set to a length that abuts the side wall 13 of the hold 2 when the moving device 31 is driven to move the grab bucket 17 in the left-right direction. Accordingly, it is not necessary to perform the unloading operation using human power or another machine, and the cargo unloading operation can be performed safely and efficiently. In addition, since the ship-side ribs protrude toward the tank to eliminate the protrusions in the hold 2, the cargo handling work is facilitated.

As another embodiment, the left and right widths of the grab bucket 17 are set to the upper opening 12 of the hold 2 in the above embodiment.
Although it is formed smaller, the left and right width of the grab bucket 17 is formed to be substantially the same as the upper opening 12 of the hold 2, and the opening / closing cable 35 is disposed near the center of the grab bucket 17, so that the left and right of the protrusion 37 is formed. It is also possible to increase the width and drive the moving device 31 to move the grab bucket 17 in the left-right direction, so that the protrusion 3 scrapes off the load 3 attached to the inclined surface 14.

Further, as another embodiment, in the above embodiment, the case where the side wall 13 and the inclined surface 14 of the hold 2 are formed to be almost vertical is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. Even in the case of the hold 2 in which the interior of the hold 2 is formed larger than the upper opening 12 of the holder 2 and the inclined wall 14 is relatively large and formed at an angle of 45 ° or more, the moving device 31 is driven to drive the glove. By moving the bucket 17 in the left-right direction, the unloading of the load 3 in the hold 2 can be facilitated.

As shown in FIG. 11, the lower end of the inclined surface 14 may be constituted by a vertical wall 14a to form a pit at the bottom of the hold 2, and in this case, the load 3 adhering to the inclined surface 14 slides. Falling can be made easier. Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, by injecting compressed air or high-pressure water along the wall surface against the side wall 13 or the inclined surface 14 or both, the friction between the load 3 and the wall surface of the hold is reduced. The load 3 can be reduced so that the load 3 can easily slide down.

Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, a material having a smaller coefficient of friction than mild steel such as stainless steel is used for the surrounding wall of the hold 2 and the inclined surface 14, or hard polyethylene is used for the inclined surface 14. For example, by lining with a material having a small wall friction coefficient, the load 3 can be easily slipped off.

[0030]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the loading hold formed in the hull has a wide upper opening, and can be moved in the bow-stern direction so as to straddle the hold. A gantry frame is provided on the hull, and a moving device that is movable in the boat width direction is provided on the upper part of the gantry frame,
A grab bucket for holding the load was attached to this moving device so as to be able to move up and down, so that the portal frame was moved in the bow direction toward the hold with the upper opening open, and the grab bucket was lowered into the hold and the cargo was loaded. Grabbing, lifting and unloading, and the remaining cargo in the width direction of the ship is driven safely and efficiently by moving the grab bucket in the width direction of the ship to grasp the load, thereby safely and efficiently unloading. Do the work.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged front sectional view of a main part of a bulk carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall schematic side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a state in which the berth is also berthed.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing details of the unloading device.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a state where the grab bucket is opened at a second position where the feeder conveyor is separated from the grab bucket.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing a state where the grab bucket is lowered and closed at a second position where the feeder conveyor is separated from the grab bucket.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing a state where the grab bucket is raised at a second position where the feeder conveyor is separated from the grab bucket.

FIG. 8 is a side view showing a state where the feeder conveyor is in a first position.

FIG. 9 is a side view showing a state where the feeder conveyor is in the first position and the grab bucket is opened.

FIG. 10 is a side view showing a state where the grab bucket is opened at a second position where the feeder conveyor is separated from the grab bucket.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a hold showing another embodiment.

FIG. 12 is an overall schematic side view of a conventional bulk carrier.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view of the hold.

FIG. 14 is an overall schematic plan view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hull 2 Hold 2A bulkhead 3 Load 4 Bulk carrier 5 Unloading device 11 Chute 12 Upper part opening of hold 13 Side wall 14 Inclined surface 14a Vertical wall 15 Conveyor belt conveyor 15a Loading boom conveyor 16 Gate frame 17 Grab bucket 18 Feeder conveyor DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 19 Hopper 20 Cover member 21 Deck 22a Track 22b Track 23 Traveling device 24 Traveling frame 25 Leg member 26 Connecting member 26a Vertical hole 28 Lifting drum 29 Supporting part 30 Opening / closing drum 31 Moving device 32 Track 33 Lifting rope 34 Hanging Cross member 35 Opening / closing cable 36 Bucket 37 Projection 38 Frame 39 Reflector for photoelectric sensor 40 Remaining amount sensor 41A Electric motor for traveling 41B Electric motor for traveling 42 Transfer device 43 Transmitter / receiver for photoelectric sensor 44 Transfer Hydraulic syringe K crane

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Eizo Yamaguchi 1-7-89 Minami Kohoku, Suminoe-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside Hitachi Zosen Corporation (72) Inventor Koichi Matsumiya 1-chome, Minami-Kohita, Suminoe-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka 7-89 Hitachi Zosen Corporation (72) Inventor Yoshiaki Sezaki 1-7-89 Hitachi Zosen Corporation (72) Inventor Shinzo Tsuruoka Minami Suminoe-ku, Osaka-shi 1-7-89 Kohoku Hitachi Zosen Corporation

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A gate-shaped frame which is formed in a hull and has an upper opening formed in a hull and has an upper opening as wide as possible in the width direction of the hull. The portal frame is provided with a horizontally long grab bucket that is movable in the boat width direction and that can be raised and lowered, and a hopper with a feeder conveyor that is movable in the bow and stern direction within the portal frame base. A bulk carrier equipped with an automatic unloading device, wherein a conveyor belt conveyor and an unloading boom conveyor are arranged. 2. A plurality of holds are provided in the fore-and-aft direction of the hull, and each hold is formed by an enclosure having front and rear and left and right sides having a flat and nearly vertical angle, and a lid member for covering an upper opening of the hold is provided. 2. The unloading device according to claim 1, wherein a transfer device is provided on the portal frame, the transfer device being provided to lift each of the lid members and transfer from the upper opening of a predetermined hold to the upper opening of another hold. Bulk carrier with equipment.