JP2000254765A - Melting and forging method and die for executing this forging method and melting and forging apparatus utilizing the die - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To compact an apparatus by executing a melting position and a pressing position at the same position and to restrain the growth of solidified layer so as not to damage a die at the pressing time. SOLUTION: Raw material metal is laid on a molten metal pool part formed in the upper face of the die 2 constituted with a fixed die 2a and a movable die 2a and after melting this metal, the die is opened and the molten metal flows down from a parting plane 5 of the die 2 and flows into a die cavity 4 formed in the die 2. Successively, the die is closed and the molten metal in the die cavity 4 is pressed so as to fill the molten metal into the die cavity 4, and after cooling, the die is opened and the formed material is taken out.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a melt forging method effective for bulk production of molten metal, particularly amorphous metal or metallic glass requiring rapid cooling, a mold for carrying out the method, and an apparatus therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 7 shows a conventional apparatus in which a sealed housing (50) and a water-cooled mold slidably disposed in the sealed housing (50).
(51), a water-cooling press (52), which is provided immediately above the press position of the water-cooling mold (51), and a water-cooling press (52), which is provided immediately above the melting position of the water-cooling mold (51) Melting equipment (5
3) and an operating section (55) for reciprocating the water-cooled mold (51).

[0003] On the upper surface of the water-cooled mold (51), a deep pool (56) is provided.
, And a shallow formed portion (57) continuous with this. On the lower surface of the water-cooling press (52), a convex portion (58) is formed corresponding to the pool (56), and is driven up and down by a cylinder (54).

When melt forging is performed by using this conventional apparatus, first, a raw material metal capable of forming an amorphous state is put into a pool (56) of a water-cooled mold (51), and the inside of the closed casing (50) is evacuated. After that, fill the chamber with inert gas to create an inert atmosphere, then operate the operating part (55) to move the water-cooled mold (51) to the melting position, where the raw material metal capable of forming amorphous is melted. I do.

[0005] When the melting of the raw material metal capable of forming an amorphous phase is completed, the operating portion (55) is operated to pull the water-cooled mold (51) back to the press position and stop immediately below the water-cooled press (52). Subsequently, the cylinder (54) is operated and the water-cooled press (52)
Descend. The convex part (58) of the water cooling press (52) is a pool (54)
When the melt enters, the molten metal overflows, flows into the forming section (57), is pressed by the flat surface (58a) of the water-cooled press (52), and is rapidly cooled at the same time.

[0006]

In this way, the molten metal capable of forming an amorphous phase is melt-forged to form a plate or block having a certain thickness.
(a) It is necessary to move the water-cooling mold (51) to the pressing position after melting because the melting position and the pressing position are separated, and it is not possible to press simultaneously with the completion of melting, and during that time, Solidification of the part in contact with the pool (56) of the mold (51) progresses, and the amount of solidification increases and the yield decreases, and (b) the melting position and the pressing position are required,
Also, the problem is that since the moving amount of the water-cooled mold is large, the operating portion becomes large and the overall device shape becomes large,
(c) During the pressing, the solidified layer grows in the pool (56), hits the convex part (58) of the water-cooled press (52) that has descended, and the problem that the pressing is not performed sufficiently and (d) at that time Water cooling mold
There was also a problem that the (51) and the water-cooled press (52) were damaged.

[0007]

A first aspect of the present invention relates to a melting and forging method of the present invention. The first aspect comprises a stationary die (2a) and a movable die (2b), and a die formed on the upper surface thereof. (2) Pool
After placing the raw metal on (3) and melting it, the mold is opened and the molten metal flows down from the parting surface (5) of the mold (2) and is formed in the mold (2). Into the mold cavity (4), and then close the mold to press the molten metal in the mold cavity (4) so that the molten metal fills the mold cavity (4), and after cooling, Open the mold and take out the molded product. "

Thus, the mold cavity can be formed immediately after melting.
(4) The molten metal raw material can be filled and pressed at the same time, and the progress of solidification in the part in contact with the mold (2) can be ignored, and the amount of solidification can be minimized. Moreover, since the melting position and the pressing position are at the same position, the shape of the apparatus can be made very compact. Although this method can be applied to general metals, it is most suitable for forming metals that require rapid cooling after melting, for example, bulk materials such as amorphous metals and metallic glasses.

Claim 4 relates to a melting and forging die (2) for carrying out the above-mentioned method, wherein "a fixed die (2a)" and a movable die (2).
b), a pool (3) connected to the parting surface (5) is formed on the upper surface thereof, and the fixed mold (2a) and the movable mold (2) are formed.
a mold (2) in which a mold cavity (4) opening to the parting surface (5) is formed in at least one of b)
And a raw metal melting device (9) disposed above the basin (3).

According to this, the metal raw material stored in the basin (3) is melted by the raw metal melting device (9), and the moving mold (2b) is moved and the mold is opened in this state, and the basin is opened. The molten metal in (3) flows directly into the mold cavity (4).
Then, when the movable mold (2b) is closed, the molten metal in the mold cavity (4) is pressed and quenched as it is to solidify. Therefore, from melting to filling of the mold cavity (4) and pressing and cooling are performed in a very short time, most of the molten metal is consumed by the molded product, and the yield is extremely high.

The movable mold (2b) may be moved in parallel with the fixed mold (2a), or one of them may be hinged to rotate the movable mold (2b) with respect to the fixed mold (2a). You may make it move. The basin (3) may be opened simultaneously with the opening of the parting surface (5), so that the parting surface (5) is connected to any part of the basin (3). Is formed. In the embodiment shown in the figure, a pool (3) is formed so as to straddle the parting surface (5).

A seventh aspect of the present invention relates to a melting and forging apparatus (A) using the mold (2). "A mold (2) according to any one of the fourth to sixth aspects and a raw metal melting apparatus (9)". And a closed housing (1) that houses the mold (2), holds a melting and forging atmosphere, and holds the raw metal melting device (9) above the mold (2),
And an operating section (13) for operating the movable mold (2b). "

The inside of the closed casing (1) is usually a pool of the mold (2).
(3) After inserting the metal raw material, the pressure is reduced to a high vacuum,
Subsequently, an inert gas such as an argon gas is charged, and melting and forging are performed in this state.Since the raw metal melting device (9) is disposed above the mold (2), the metal is melted at the pressing position. The raw material can be melted, and the time from melting to forging is greatly reduced. In addition, since the mold (2) does not need to be largely moved, the apparatus can be compactly assembled.

Claim 8 relates to the improvement of the closed casing (1), wherein the closed casing (1) is provided with an airtight glove (15) which can be inserted into the inside from the outside to perform internal operations. "Is". By equipping the glove (15), a large amount of metal raw material is prepared in the closed casing (1) in advance so that continuous operation is possible, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.

"Claim 2" and "Claim 5" relate to the type of the raw material metal and the mold (2) applied to the present invention. Yes, the mold (2) is a cooling mold ".

Claims 3 and 6 relate to the type of the raw metal melting device (9), characterized in that "the melting of the raw metal is a plasma, electron beam or arc generator".

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the illustrated embodiments. The sealed housing (1) is a main body (1c) with an open front
And an opening / closing door (14) for closing the opening. An exhaust pipe (1a) connected to a vacuum pump (not shown) and an atmosphere gas supply pipe (1b) connected to an argon gas supply source (not shown) are connected to the main body (1c). .

One end of the door (14) is hinged to one end of the main body (1c) via a fulcrum shaft (17), and a lock portion (19) provided at the other end of the main body (1c). A lock bolt (18) attached to the other end of the opening and closing door (14) is screwed into the opening.
Further, a pair of left and right openings (21) is formed in the opening and closing door (14), and an airtight glove (15) is attached so as to close the opening (21). 1) Inserting a hand from the outside into the inside allows internal work.
In addition, an observation window (16) for observing the inside of the opening and closing door (14)
Are formed, and the observation glass (16a) is fitted.

A pedestal (22) is provided at the inner bottom of the airtight housing (1), and a mold (2) is mounted and fixed thereon. The mold (2) is composed of a fixed mold (2a) and a movable mold (2b), and a pool (3) that straddles a parting surface (5) on its upper surface.
Are formed, and a mold cavity (4) opening to the parting surface (5) is formed in at least one of the fixed mold (2a) and the movable mold (2b). The fixed mold (2a) is formed with two parallel guide rails (6) on which the movable mold (2b) slides, and the movable mold (2b) is provided with the guide rail (6).
The mold is opened and closed by moving in parallel along.

The two sides (5a) of the parting surface (5) of the fixed mold (2a) and the movable mold (2b) beyond the pool (3) are formed at right angles, and the movable mold is opened and closed when the mold is opened and closed. The mold (2b) is guided by the guide rail (6) and the right-angled portion (5a) to reciprocate, and at the same time, the right-angled portion (5a) is slidable, but is tight so that molten material does not leak. And is made in a liquid-tight state. The mold cavity (4) is formed on one or both parting surfaces (5) according to the product shape, so that the molten metal in the pool (3) flows in at the same time as the mold is opened. I have.

The fixed and movable dies (2a) and (2b) are copper cooling dies, and a coolant, generally cooling water, flows through the fixed and movable dies (2a) and (2b). Refrigerant passage (7) is drilled, and the refrigerant is supplied from outside the closed casing (1),
The refrigerant that has taken the heat of the mold (2) is taken out of the closed casing (1). Of course, the die (2) can be made of a copper alloy or any other suitable material, but copper is generally selected from the viewpoint of heat conduction and cost.

The movable rod (13) of the operating portion (13) is attached to the movable mold (2b).
a) is fixed, and the movable mold (2b) is reciprocated. In the present embodiment, an example is shown in which a cylinder is used as the operating portion (13). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a motor drive using a screw / nut mechanism may be used. The operating part (13) installed outside the sealed housing (1) and the operating rod (13a) inside are connected via an airtight communication hole (20).

As shown in FIG. 1, the raw metal melting device (9) is mounted so as to penetrate the ceiling of the main body (1a) of the closed casing (1). The electrode part (10) is arranged so as to be located immediately above the well (3) of the mold (2). A spherical part (11) is provided at the center of the raw metal melting device (9), and is supported by a spherical receiving part (12) provided on the ceiling of the main part (1a) in a spherically movable and airtight manner. I have.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described. Open the door (14), put the metal raw material for multiple operations into the device (A), and store the first operation in the pool (3) of the mold (2). After the metal raw material is inserted into the basin (3), the door (14) is closed, and the lock screw (18) is screwed into the lock portion (19) to make a sealed state. The metal raw material may be an ordinary metal, but the metal to which the method of the present invention is applied is most preferably an amorphous-formable metal or a metal-glass-formable metal that requires rapid cooling after melting.

Examples of the amorphous metal include zirconium, iron and titanium. The metallic glass includes zirconium, iron, titanium, and noble metal. Metallic glass is a kind of amorphous metal,
It is characteristic in showing a glass transition. More specifically, in the case of a mere amorphous metal, when the temperature is raised from the amorphous solidification state, the state directly transitions from the amorphous state to the crystalline state. It crystallizes through a region exhibiting a shape. In a region exhibiting a supercooled liquid state, a viscous flow state is exhibited.

Subsequently, the vacuum pump is operated to operate the closed casing.
After (1) is decompressed to a high vacuum state, it is filled with an inert gas such as an argon gas. In this state, the raw metal melting device (9)
To discharge electric arc between the electrode part (10) and the mold (2), and the heat dissolves the solid metal raw material in the pool (3).
In order to uniformly dissolve the metal raw material, the raw metal melting device (9) is moved spherically, and the electrode portion (10) is moved evenly over the basin (3) to melt the entire metal raw material. As a heat source for dissolving the metal raw material, it is possible to select and use an optimal heat source for the target metal, such as an arc, a plasma or an electron beam.

When the melting of the metal raw material is completed, the operating part (13) is immediately operated to move the movable mold (2b) to open the mold,
When the parting surface (5) is opened, the bottom of the basin (3) opens and the molten metal in the basin (3) flows down and flows into the mold cavity (4) provided thereunder. The opening degree of the parting surface (5) is small enough, so that the operation amount of the operation part (13) is small. Also, since the molten metal flows into the mold cavity (4) immediately after the melting is completed, the cooled mold (2)
The solidified layer that is in contact with the basin (3) of the mold has not yet grown, and most of the metal raw material becomes molten metal and the mold cavity (4)
Since it flows into the inside and becomes a molded product, the yield is extremely high.

As soon as the flow of the molten metal into the mold cavity (4) is completed, the operating portion (13) is reversely operated to close the mold. As a result, the molten metal fills the entire mold cavity (4) and is simultaneously pressed and quenched. Mold cavity (4)
When the molten metal in the inside is cooled and solidified, the mold is opened and the molded product inside is taken out. Internal work using gloves (15)
(A) Can be done from outside.

Next, the second and subsequent melting and forging are performed. In this case, the metal raw material prepared in advance in the apparatus (A) is used. After molding all the prepared metal raw materials, return the inside of the device (A) to atmospheric pressure,
Open the door (14) and take out the molded product. When the metal material is amorphous metal or metallic glass, cooling mold (2)
Since the cooling is performed at a sufficient cooling rate by the different action, a plate-shaped or block-shaped amorphous metal or metal glass molded product having a predetermined shape can be obtained.

In the mold (2), the case where the movable mold (2b) moves in parallel with respect to the fixed mold (2a) has been described. Although one of the movable molds (2b) is hinged to one of the fixed molds (2a), the other of the movable molds (2b) is attached to the operating rod (13a), and the movable mold (2b) is attached to the fixed mold (2a). On the other hand, the movable mold (2b) may be rotated.

[0031]

According to the present invention, since the molten metal material can be filled into the mold cavity at the melting position immediately after melting and pressed simultaneously, the progress of solidification of the portion in contact with the mold can be ignored. And the amount of coagulation can be kept to a minimum. Moreover, since the melting position and the pressing position are at the same position, the shape of the apparatus can be made very compact. Therefore, it is most suitable for forming a metal that requires quenching after melting, such as amorphous metal and metallic glass.

By providing a hermetic glove capable of performing internal work by inserting a hand from the outside into the closed casing of the present invention, continuous work becomes possible and production efficiency is greatly improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention as viewed from the front.

FIG. 2 is a sectional plan view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the mold of the present invention in a mold closed state.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the mold of the present invention in an open state.

5 is a half sectional perspective view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a half sectional perspective view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the conventional device as viewed from the front.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Zhang Tong 3-17-30 Kongosawa, Taishiro-ku, Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture (72) Inventor Kazuya Sato 1-2, Morikota Shimo-Aiko, Aoba-ku, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi Japan Inside (72) Inventor Takashi Kurosaka Inside Miyashita 1-2, Morishita, Shimo-Aiko, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture

Claims (8)

[Claims] A raw metal is placed in a mold pool formed of a fixed die and a movable die, and is formed on the upper surface thereof. Down from the parting surface of the mold to flow into the mold cavity formed in the mold, then close the mold and press the molten metal in the mold cavity to fill the mold cavity with molten metal Melt forging, characterized in that after cooling, the mold is opened and the molded product is taken out. 2. The melting and forging method according to claim 1, wherein the raw material metal is a metal material capable of forming an amorphous material or a metal material capable of forming a metallic glass, and the mold is a cooling mold. 3. The melting forging method according to claim 1, wherein the melting of the raw material metal is performed by plasma, electron beam or arc. 4. A fixed metal mold and a movable metal mold, and a pool is formed on the upper surface thereof so as to be continuous with the parting surface, and at least one of the fixed metal mold and the movable metal mold is formed on the parting surface. A mold for melting and forging, comprising: a mold having an open mold cavity; and a raw metal melting device disposed above a pool. 5. The melting and forging die according to claim 4, wherein the raw material metal is a metal raw material capable of forming an amorphous material or a metal raw material capable of forming a metallic glass, and the die is a cooling die. 6. A raw material melting apparatus comprising: a plasma;
The melt-forging die according to claim 4, wherein the die is an electron beam or arc generator. 7. The mold and raw material melting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the mold is housed, a melting and forging atmosphere is maintained, and the raw metal melting apparatus is mounted on the mold. A melting and forging apparatus, comprising: a closed casing held upward; and an operating section for operating a movable mold. 8. The melting and forging apparatus according to claim 7, wherein an airtight glove capable of performing an internal operation by inserting a hand from the outside into the inside of the closed casing is provided.