JP2000247696A - Production of cement clinker - Google Patents
Production of cement clinkerInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000247696A JP2000247696A JP5184399A JP5184399A JP2000247696A JP 2000247696 A JP2000247696 A JP 2000247696A JP 5184399 A JP5184399 A JP 5184399A JP 5184399 A JP5184399 A JP 5184399A JP 2000247696 A JP2000247696 A JP 2000247696A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pcb
- cement
- soil
- production
- cement clinker
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/0463—Hazardous waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、セメントクリンカ
ーの製造方法に関するものである。詳しくは、PCBを
含む土壌をセメントクリンカー製造原料中の粘土成分の
代替成分として用いたセメントクリンカーの製造方法で
あり、さらに詳しくは、有害なPCB含有物質を無害化
せしめて活用するためのセメント製造技術に関するもの
である。[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing a cement clinker. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing a cement clinker using soil containing PCB as a substitute for a clay component in a raw material for producing cement clinker. More specifically, a method for producing a cement clinker for detoxifying and utilizing harmful PCB-containing substances. It is about technology.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】PCB(ポリ塩化ビフェニル)は化学的
に非常に安定で、かつ電気絶縁性に優れているため、か
つてコンデンサーや変圧器の絶縁油、熱媒体、機械油、
感圧紙など多くの用途に使用されてきた。しかし、その
後PCBの生物毒性が問題となり、製造・使用が規制さ
れたにも関わらず、残留PCBは容易に分解せず土壌や
海水等に浸漬、蓄積され易いため、その影響は長期に渡
っている。また、最近の報告ではPCBの内分泌撹乱化
学物質いわゆる環境ホルモンとしての有害性も指摘さ
れ、極微量な汚染であっても生体への影響が懸念されて
いる。このようなPCBを分解する技術としては、高温
焼却法、アルカリ触媒化学分解法(BCD法)、化学抽
出分解法(DMI/NaOH法)、t−BuOK(カリ
ウム・ターシャリー・ブトオキサイド法)、触媒水素化
脱塩素化法(+t−BuOK法)、超臨界酸化法(SC
WO法)などが有効であることが知られており、また関
連する国内法の面からもこれらの方法がPCB分解に活
用できるものであることが認められている。2. Description of the Related Art PCB (polychlorinated biphenyl) is chemically very stable and has excellent electrical insulation properties.
It has been used for many applications such as pressure-sensitive paper. However, since the biotoxicity of PCBs became a problem and the production and use were regulated, residual PCBs were not easily decomposed and were easily immersed and accumulated in soil, seawater, etc. I have. Also, recent reports have pointed out the harmfulness of PCBs as endocrine disrupting chemicals, so-called environmental hormones, and there is a concern that even minute amounts of contamination may affect living organisms. Techniques for decomposing such PCBs include high-temperature incineration, alkali-catalyzed chemical decomposition (BCD), chemical extraction and decomposition (DMI / NaOH), t-BuOK (potassium tert-butoxide), Catalytic hydrodechlorination method (+ t-BuOK method), supercritical oxidation method (SC
WO methods) are known to be effective, and it is recognized that these methods can be utilized for PCB decomposition also from the viewpoint of related domestic laws.
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、このよ
うな分解技術は、何れも一般に処理コストが高く、また
処理能力が乏しかったり、処理プロセスが複雑なものも
多い。例えば、最も単純かつ簡易な処理プロセスである
高温焼却法では、少なくとも1200℃以上の分解温度
が必要なめ、処理能力が大きい高温焼却プラント建設は
数億円以上の費用がかかる上、処理時のエネルギーコス
トも高く、更には処理後の搬出先確保も課題となってい
る。一方、このような高温焼却プラントを設置すること
なく他の産業で用いられている既存の高温設備を利用す
ることで少なくとも処理コストの大幅な低下が期待され
る。既存高温処理設備としては、セメント製造用のキル
ンが挙げられるが、その処理方法に関しては、従来知ら
れている有機塩素系樹脂をセメント焼成用の燃料源とし
て無害化処理活用する方法では土壌と含有PCBとの分
離が容易でないため大量の土壌が燃料源に混入すること
から適切さを欠き、また特開平09−159135など
で開示されている有害廃棄物のセメントキルンによる分
解方法では、キルン投入方法の点から短時間に大量の処
理物を対象とするのは困難で、また処理後の処理物搬出
といった問題も残る。さらに、セメント原料源として無
制限に用いるとセメント品質が低下するといった事態が
生じる。However, such disassembly techniques generally have a high processing cost, are often inferior in processing capability, and have many complicated processing processes. For example, the high-temperature incineration method, which is the simplest and simplest treatment process, requires a decomposition temperature of at least 1200 ° C., and construction of a high-temperature incineration plant with a large treatment capacity costs more than several hundred million yen, and requires energy for processing. The cost is high, and securing the destination after processing is also an issue. On the other hand, by using existing high-temperature facilities used in other industries without installing such a high-temperature incineration plant, it is expected that at least a large reduction in processing cost is attained. Existing high-temperature treatment equipment includes a kiln for cement production.However, regarding the treatment method, conventionally known methods of using an organic chlorine-based resin as a fuel source for cement firing as detoxifying and utilizing soil and soil are not included. Since the separation from PCB is not easy, a large amount of soil is mixed with the fuel source, which is not suitable. Also, in the method of decomposing hazardous waste by a cement kiln disclosed in JP-A-09-159135, etc. In view of this, it is difficult to target a large amount of processed materials in a short time, and there still remains a problem such as unloading of processed materials after processing. In addition, if used unlimitedly as a cement raw material source, a situation occurs in which the quality of cement deteriorates.
【0004】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は、前記課題点
を解決するに当たり、PCBを含む汚染土壌をセメント
クリンカー製造原料を構成する粘土の代替成分として用
いることによって、低コストで比較的大量のPCBを含
む汚染土を無害化処理でき、同時に無害化された土壌も
搬出除去する必要もなく有効活用できること、更にはセ
メントクリンカー及び最終的に製造されるセメントの品
質には何等悪影響を及ぼさないPCB含有土壌のセメン
トクリンカー原料への配合量を見出したこと等から本発
明を完成するに至った。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has proposed that a contaminated soil containing PCB is used as a substitute component of clay constituting a raw material for producing cement clinker, thereby achieving a relatively low cost and a relatively large amount. Detoxification of contaminated soils containing PCBs, and effective use of the detoxified soils without the need to carry out and remove them, and has no adverse effect on the quality of cement clinker and finally produced cement. The present invention has been completed based on the finding of the amount of PCB-containing soil in the raw material for cement clinker.
【0005】即ち、本発明は以下の(1)〜(3)で表
すセメントクリンカーの製造方法である。(1)PCB
を含有する土壌をセメントクリンカー製造用原料として
用いることを特徴とするセメントクリンカーの製造方
法。(2)PCBを含有する土壌がセメントクリンカー
製造用原料中に最大3.5重量%含まれることを特徴と
する前記(1)のセメントクリンカーの製造方法。
(3)土壌中のPCB含有率が概ね1000ppm以下
であることを特徴とする前記(1)又は(2)の何れか
記載のセメントクリンカーの製造方法。That is, the present invention is a method for producing a cement clinker represented by the following (1) to (3). (1) PCB
A method for producing a cement clinker, characterized by using a soil containing as a raw material for producing a cement clinker. (2) The method for producing cement clinker according to (1) above, wherein the soil containing PCB is contained in the raw material for producing cement clinker at a maximum of 3.5% by weight.
(3) The method for producing a cement clinker according to any one of the above (1) or (2), wherein the PCB content in soil is approximately 1000 ppm or less.
【0006】[0006]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明は、PCBを含む土壌をセ
メントクリンカー製造用原料を構成する粘土の一部と代
替して用いるものであって、これは、PCBを含む土壌
をその他のクリンカー原料と一緒にセメントキルンでク
リンカー製造が行われている1300〜1450℃で焼
成することにより、PCBを完全に加熱分解できるから
である。対象とするPCB含有土壌は何れのものであっ
ても良い。又、土壌中のPCB含有量は、極微量なもの
から比較的高濃度のものまで対象とすることができる
が、例えば殆ど報告されていないような1000ppm
を超えるかなり高濃度のPCB含有土壌を対象とするよ
うな場合は、セメント製造用キルンから直接少量投入し
たり、他のPCB分解法により処理することが推奨され
る。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention uses a soil containing PCB in place of a part of clay constituting a raw material for producing cement clinker, and uses a soil containing PCB as another clinker raw material. This is because PCBs can be completely thermally decomposed by firing at 1300 to 1450 ° C where clinker production is performed in a cement kiln together with the above. The target PCB-containing soil may be any. In addition, the PCB content in soil can be targeted from a very small amount to a relatively high concentration, for example, 1000 ppm, which is hardly reported.
If the target is a soil containing a PCB with a considerably high concentration exceeding that of the above, it is recommended to directly put in a small amount from the cement manufacturing kiln or to treat the PCB by another PCB decomposition method.
【0007】また、一般のセメントクリンカー製造用原
料には約14重量%程度の粘土分が配合されているが、
本発明では、この粘土配合量の25%相当以下をPCB
含有土壌に置換することができる。これより多い置換量
では最終的に得られるセメントの品質がポルトランドセ
メントなどの通常のセメントと比べ異なってくることが
あるので好ましくない。即ち、本発明のセメントクリン
カー製造用原料は最大3.5重量%のPCB含有土壌を
含むものである。本発明におけるセメントクリンカー製
造用原料の原料構成成分とその配合割合については、一
般のセメントクリンカー製造用原料の粘土分に相当する
ものが粘土とPCB含有土壌との合算物となる他は、一
般のセメントクリンカー製造用原料に含まれる公知成分
並びに配合割合と概ね同様でよい。[0007] In addition, about 14% by weight of a clay component is blended in a general raw material for producing cement clinker.
In the present invention, 25% or less of this clay compounding amount is
It can be replaced with containing soil. If the replacement amount is larger than this, the quality of the finally obtained cement may be different from that of ordinary cement such as Portland cement, which is not preferable. That is, the raw material for producing the cement clinker of the present invention contains at most 3.5% by weight of the soil containing PCB. Regarding the raw material constituent components of the raw material for producing cement clinker and the compounding ratio thereof in the present invention, except that the equivalent to the clay component of the raw material for producing general cement clinker is a total of clay and PCB-containing soil, The known components and the mixing ratios contained in the raw material for producing cement clinker may be substantially the same.
【0008】本発明は前記のようなセメントクリンカー
製造用原料をロータリーキルンなどで1400℃前後で
焼成し、セメントクリンカーを得るものである。本法
は、特殊なセメントクリンカーしか得られない製造法で
はなく、例えばポルトランドセメントなどの通常のセメ
ントを製造するためのセメントクリンカーと何等遜色の
ないセメントクリンカーを得ることができる。また、本
法で用いる製造装置は、全て一般のセメントの製造で用
いられている装置を用いることができ、クリンカー原料
焼成〜セメント粉製造までのプロセスも同様の方法で行
うことができるが、本発明のセメントクリンカー原料の
ロータリーキルンへの投入についてはPCBやその分解
ガスのキルン外への漏洩を防ぐためキルン窯尻から行う
ものとする。尚、最近のセメント製造装置ではSPとN
SP方式にほぼ限定されており、これらの方式に基づく
プロセスにより、PCBの加熱分解による塩素ガスや酸
性ガスは、大量のアルカリ性のセメント原料に吸着さ
れ、さらに、セメントキルンの排ガスは廃熱ボイラーに
より短時間に急冷却されるため、ダイオキシン類の副生
はない。従って、本発明によればセメントクリンカー製
造過程中でのPCB、PCB分解生成ガスおよびその有
害副生物の製造装置系外への放出は無となる。According to the present invention, a cement clinker is obtained by firing the above-mentioned raw material for producing cement clinker at about 1400 ° C. in a rotary kiln or the like. This method is not a production method that can obtain only a special cement clinker, but can obtain a cement clinker that is not inferior to a cement clinker for producing ordinary cement such as Portland cement. In addition, as the production apparatus used in the present method, all apparatuses used in the production of general cement can be used, and the processes from clinker raw material firing to cement powder production can be performed by the same method. The raw material of the cement clinker of the present invention is introduced into the rotary kiln from the kiln kiln bottom in order to prevent leakage of PCB and its decomposition gas outside the kiln. In recent cement production equipment, SP and N
It is almost limited to the SP method, and by processes based on these methods, chlorine gas and acid gas from the thermal decomposition of PCB are adsorbed by a large amount of alkaline cement raw material, and the exhaust gas from the cement kiln is discharged by a waste heat boiler. Since it is rapidly cooled in a short time, there is no dioxin by-product. Therefore, according to the present invention, there is no emission of PCB, PCB decomposition product gas and harmful by-products out of the production system during the cement clinker production process.
【0009】[0009]
【実施例】以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を更に詳細に説
明する。対象としたPCB汚染土壌としては、土壌1キ
ログラム当り500ミリグラムのPCBを含むものを使
用したが、PCB以外の主たる含有化学成分はSi
O2:67.1、Al2O3:14.6、Fe2O3:4.
4、CaO:1.8、アルカリ金属酸化物:2.8(各
重量%)である。EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. As the target PCB-contaminated soil, a soil containing 500 mg of PCB per kilogram of soil was used, and the main chemical component other than PCB was Si.
O 2 : 67.1, Al 2 O 3 : 14.6, Fe 2 O 3 : 4.
4, CaO: 1.8, alkali metal oxide: 2.8 (% by weight).
【0010】セメントクリンカー1トン製造するに当
り、前記PCB汚染土壌を50Kg、これに石灰石粉1
150Kg、鉄さい30Kg、スラグ80Kg、珪石粉
20Kg、粘土160Kgを加えて混合した。この混合
物をクリンカー原料とし、NSP方式のセメント製造用
焼成装置のロータリーキルン窯尻に投入し、約1450
℃で焼成してセメントクリンカーを得た。得られたセメ
ントクリンカーの鉱物組成を、粉末X線回折及び蛍光X
線で調べた結果、C3S:50、C2S:26、C 3A:
8、C4AF:9(各重量%)であり、ポルトランドセ
メント製造に用いるクリンカーの鉱物組成と概ね同様で
あった。[0010] One ton of cement clinker is produced.
50 kg of the PCB-contaminated soil and limestone powder 1
150Kg, Iron Kashi 30Kg, Slag 80Kg, Silica powder
20 kg and 160 kg of clay were added and mixed. This mixture
Is used as clinker raw material for NSP cement production
Put into the kiln of the rotary kiln of the firing equipment, about 1450
Calcination at 0 ° C. gave a cement clinker. The obtained sema
The mineral composition of tonklinker was determined by powder X-ray diffraction and fluorescence X
As a result of examining the line, CThreeS: 50, CTwoS: 26, C ThreeA:
8, CFourAF: 9 (% by weight)
The mineral composition of clinker used in the production of cement
there were.
【0011】次に、該セメントクリンカーを鉄製ボール
ミルでブレーン比表面積が3300cm2/gに粉砕
し、この粉砕物100重量部に石膏を3重量部を添加混
合し、セメントを製造した。得られたセメントをJIS
K0093に準じた方法並びにダイオキシン類標準測
定マニュアル(厚生省生活衛生局水道環境部環境整備課
篇)による方法で調べたところ、PCBやダイオキシン
類は検出されず、さらに、得られたセメントの強度や凝
結特性などの諸物性をJIS R5201に準じた方法
で評価した結果、圧縮強度は43.8N/mm2(7日
材令)、凝結特性は始発2時間25分、終結3時間30
分となり、PCB又はPCB含有土壌を含まない通常の
原料から製造したものと同等の物性であることを確認し
た。Next, the cement clinker was pulverized with an iron ball mill to a Blaine specific surface area of 3300 cm 2 / g, and 3 parts by weight of gypsum was added to and mixed with 100 parts by weight of the pulverized material to produce a cement. The obtained cement is JIS
When examined by the method according to K0093 and the method based on the standard measurement manual for dioxins (Division of Health and Welfare, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Water Environment Department, Environment Improvement Section), PCB and dioxins were not detected, and the strength and coagulation of the obtained cement As a result of evaluating various physical properties such as properties according to the method according to JIS R5201, the compressive strength was 43.8 N / mm 2 (7 days old), the setting property was 2 hours and 25 minutes at the beginning and 3 hours and 30 minutes at the end.
And physical properties equivalent to those produced from ordinary raw materials not containing PCB or PCB-containing soil.
【0012】[0012]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、低コストでPCBを含
む汚染土を極めて容易に無害化処理することができ、同
時に、無害化プロセスの中で全ての処理物をセメントク
リンカー原料として容易に転用することができるため、
セメント原料コストの低減化にも寄与する。本発明では
このような原料を用いるにも拘わらず、通常のセメント
クリンカーやセメントと化学成分的にも性状的にも何等
の遜色がない高品質のセメントクリンカーやセメントを
得ることができる。According to the present invention, contaminated soil containing PCB can be very easily detoxified at low cost, and at the same time, in the detoxification process, all processed materials can be easily used as cement clinker raw materials. Can be diverted,
It also contributes to reducing the cost of cement raw materials. In the present invention, despite the use of such a raw material, it is possible to obtain a high-quality cement clinker or cement which is comparable to ordinary cement clinker and cement in terms of chemical components and properties.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Fターム(参考) 2E191 BA13 BB01 BD11 4D004 AA41 AB07 AC04 BA02 CA22 CB09 CB34 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2E191 BA13 BB01 BD11 4D004 AA41 AB07 AC04 BA02 CA22 CB09 CB34
Claims (3)
カー製造用原料として用いることを特徴とするセメント
クリンカーの製造方法。1. A method for producing a cement clinker, wherein a soil containing PCB is used as a raw material for producing a cement clinker.
カー製造用原料中に最大3.5重量%含まれることを特
徴とする請求項1記載のセメントクリンカーの製造方
法。2. The method for producing cement clinker according to claim 1, wherein the soil containing PCB is contained in the raw material for producing cement clinker at a maximum of 3.5% by weight.
pm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2の何れ
か記載のセメントクリンカーの製造方法。3. The content of PCB in soil is approximately 1000 p.
3. The method for producing a cement clinker according to claim 1, wherein the cement clinker is not more than pm.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP5184399A JP2000247696A (en) | 1999-02-26 | 1999-02-26 | Production of cement clinker |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP5184399A JP2000247696A (en) | 1999-02-26 | 1999-02-26 | Production of cement clinker |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2004323287A (en) * | 2003-04-24 | 2004-11-18 | Ube Ind Ltd | Method for treating substance containing volatile substance |
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1999
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004323287A (en) * | 2003-04-24 | 2004-11-18 | Ube Ind Ltd | Method for treating substance containing volatile substance |
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