JP2000246575A - Tool post and machining device provided therewith - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new tool post structure and the machining device provided therewith which can decide the grasp position of the tool without installing a positioning ring on the tool. SOLUTION: A nearly columnar tool insertion member 25 is pressed in an installed cylinder 22. In the tool insertion member 25, a step 25a is formed on its outer periphery surface and engaged with the step 22d formed on the inner periphery surface of the installed cylinder 2 and thereby, the insertion depth of the tool insertion member 25 in the installed cylinder 22 is regulated. A tool insertion hole 25b having an upper opening is formed inside the tool insertion member 25. This tool insertion hole 25b has an inner diameter nearly equal to the outer diameter of the shaft of the tool 10 and the tool 10 can be inserted in the tool insertion hole 25b smoothly, but the axis of the inserted tool 10 is formed accurately so as not to nearly fall.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tool post and a processing apparatus provided with the tool post.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in various types of machine tools, a tool is gripped by a gripping portion such as a collet chuck attached to a spindle, and various machining operations are performed by rotation and translation of the spindle. I have. Among the machine tools, there are a machine tool that performs various kinds of machining by selectively using a plurality of tools, and a machine tool that is configured to replace a tool when a used tool approaches a service limit. In such a machine tool, it is necessary to perform a tool exchanging operation for excluding the tool held by the holding unit and holding a new tool.

In the above machine tool, a tool change operation is
One or more tools are held in advance in a tool holder called a tool post, and the gripping portion and the tool post are moved so that the gripping portion approaches the tool post, and a new gripping portion is held by the tool post. An operation is performed to hold a new tool or return an already held tool to an empty tool post. In this case, since the gripper needs to grip the tool held by the tool post at a predetermined position or posture, the gripper or the tool post is provided with an operation or structure for positioning the tool in advance. I have.

FIG. 5 shows a conventional tool (drill bit) 10.
1 shows a state in which a positioning ring 11 for positioning the position of the tool 10 in the axial direction is mounted. Although there are various positioning directions of the conventional tool, the one shown in FIG.
A cylindrical positioning ring 11 made of synthetic resin (plastic) is inserted into the
The gripping position of the gripper is determined by the position with respect to. The processing portion 10a is a portion where a blade such as a drill or a reamer is formed. For example, the positioning of the tool 10 in the axial direction by the positioning ring 11 is usually performed with reference to the position of the tip 10b of the processing portion 10a.
The tool 10 is press-fitted and fixed to the shaft of the tool 10 while being adjusted so as to be arranged at a portion at a predetermined distance from the position of 0b.

FIG. 6 shows a conventional gripping portion 3 having a collet chuck structure for a tool 10 held by a tool post 20.
It is a schematic sectional view showing the situation at the time of grasping by 0.
The tool post 20 has a cylindrical case body 21 made of a synthetic resin or the like. A shaft hole 21a is formed at the center of the case body 21 so as to penetrate vertically. The lower part of a cylindrical mounting tubular member 22 inserted slidably up and down is inserted into the shaft hole 21a. The mounting cylindrical member 22 is formed with four holding pieces 22a formed in a split shape by slits 22b at an upper portion thereof.
The mounting tubular member 2 near the base of these holding pieces 22a
A step portion 22c is formed on the outer peripheral surface of No. 2. The step portion 22c is formed at the opening edge portion 21b of the shaft hole 21a of the case body 21.
, So that the mounting cylindrical member 22 does not escape upward from the shaft hole 21a.

An elastic member 23 composed of a coil spring and a holding ring 24 in contact with the lower end of the elastic member 23 are accommodated below the mounting cylindrical member 22 in the shaft hole 21a. The retaining ring 24 is engaged with the opening edge 21c at the lower end of the shaft hole 21a,
It is held in the shaft hole 21a. The elastic member 23 has the shaft hole 2
1a, it is accommodated in a compressed state between the mounting tubular member 22 and the holding ring 24, and constantly presses the mounting tubular member 22 upward in the figure.

The lower end surface of the positioning ring 11 is
The positioning ring 11 is pressed into the inside of the holding piece 22a of the mounting tubular member 22 until it hits a step 22d formed on the inner surface of the mounting cylindrical member 2a.
2 attached.

The collet 31 of the gripper 30 has a well-known slit and is configured to be capable of expanding or reducing its diameter. The collet 31 expands or reduces its diameter by moving the driving cylinder 32 in the axial direction. The tool 10 is configured so that the tool 10 can be gripped in a reduced diameter state.

In the above configuration, the tool 10 is
Assuming that the tool 10 is attached to the mounting tubular member 22 in a state in which the tool 10 is not grasped, the grasping portion 30 descends with the collet 31 opened from above in the figure, and further descends while receiving the shaft portion of the tool 10. I do. When the tip of the collet 31 comes into contact with the upper end surface of the positioning ring 11, the grip portion 30 further moves against the elastic member 23 against the elastic force of the elastic member 23.
Descends while pressing and contracting, and then the gripper 30
When the drive cylinder 32 moves downward to reduce the diameter of the collet 31, the tool 10 is gripped by the gripper 30. Then, the grip portion 30 is lifted as it is, and the positioning ring 11 eventually escapes from the mounting tubular member 22 together with the tool 10.

Conversely, if the tool 10 is not held by the mounting tubular member 22 while the tool 10 is being held by the grip portion 30, the grip portion 30 descends together with the tool 10 and is mounted on the tool 10. The positioning ring 11 is pressed into the mounting tubular member 22. When the lower end surface of the differently determined ring 11 abuts against the step 22d, the positioning ring 11 does not descend further with respect to the mounting member 22, and thereafter, the tool 10 and the mounting member 22 resist the elastic force of the elastic member 23. And descend. Eventually, when it comes to a predetermined position,
Is stopped, the driving member 32 moves upward, the collet 31 expands in diameter, and the tool 10 is released. Then, the grip portion 30 moves up while leaving the tool 10 in the mounting tubular member 22.

[0011]

In the above-mentioned conventional tool post and tool changing method of the processing apparatus, the positioning ring 11 must be mounted on the tool 10 in a state where it is positioned with high precision in advance. Therefore, an operation of mounting the positioning ring 11 on the tool 10 while positioning the positioning ring 11 is required. However, in a processing site using a large number of tools 10, it is extremely troublesome to accurately mount the positioning rings 11 one by one on the tools 10 in advance, and this work lowers productivity and increases processing costs. is there. A simple tool or machine is used to attach the positioning ring 11 to the tool 10, and a large number of tools 10 are used.
Although a machine that can mount the positioning ring 11 at one time is also conceivable, there is no other way to accurately mount the positioning ring 11 except to carefully press-fit it one by one with a predetermined mounting tool.

The above-mentioned tool 10 is replaced when it reaches the end of its useful life. However, it is necessary to remove the synthetic resin positioning ring 11 from the used tool 10 in terms of environment or disposal of the tool. Also, in order to reuse the positioning ring 11 in order to suppress the processing cost, it is necessary to separate and collect the positioning ring 11 from the tool 10. Therefore, an operation of removing the positioning ring 11 from the used tool 10 is also required, and there is a problem that much labor is required even after the use of the tool 10.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has as its object to provide a novel tool post structure capable of determining a gripping position of a tool without mounting a positioning ring on the tool, and a novel tool post. Provided is a processing device provided with the same.

[0014]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a tool post according to the present invention is provided such that a tool tip is inserted and the tool is held in a state where the base of the tool is protruded. A tool mounting body having a tool insertion portion having a shape that defines the insertion depth of the tool while positioning the axis, and supporting the tool mounting body movably in the depth direction of the tool insertion portion, When the tool mounting body is to be moved in the depth direction, a drag generating means for generating a drag opposing the movement of the tool mounting body is provided.

According to the present invention, the insertion depth of the tool is determined by inserting the tool into the tool insertion portion, and the base portion of the tool is positioned with the base protruding from the tool insertion portion. Is pressed against the tool mounting body, and the tool is gripped by the grip portion in a state where the tool mounting body is pressed against the drag of the drag generating means, whereby the tool can be gripped at a predetermined gripping position. Therefore, there is no need to attach a positioning ring to the tool itself as in the past, and there is no need to remove the positioning ring from the used tool. And productivity can be improved.

In the above invention, the tool mounting body is guided in the depth direction and is urged by the drag generating means, and is positioned inside the mounting cylinder in the depth direction. And a tool insertion member provided with the tool insertion portion. According to the present invention, the tool mounting body is composed of the mounting cylinder and the tool insertion member inserted and fixed to the mounting cylinder, so that the tool insertion member can be easily replaced or removed and cleaned. Or you can.

In the above invention, it is preferable that the tool inserted into the tool insertion member is tightened when the tool insertion member is inserted into and fixed to the mounting tubular member. According to the present invention, the tool inserted into the tool insertion member is configured to be tightened when the tool insertion member is inserted into and fixed to the mounting tubular member, so that the tool is inserted into the tool insertion member by the tightening. Since a holding force for holding the tool is generated, it is possible to prevent the tool from being accidentally carried away due to a release failure when the gripper releases the tool.

In the above invention, when the tool insertion member is inserted and fixed inside the mounting tubular member, the tool insertion member is deformed toward the inside of the tool insertion portion to tighten the tool. It is desirable that the member is mounted. According to the present invention, a tool holding force can be generated by a fastening member having a simple structure for fastening a tool by deformation. In this case, in particular, an opening communicating with the tool insertion portion is provided on the wall surface of the tool insertion member, and the fastening member made of a flexible material or an elastic material is arranged in the opening, and the outer end of the fastening member is closed. It is effective to project slightly from the outer surface of the tool insertion member. In this case, when the tool insertion member is inserted and fixed in the mounting cylinder, the outer end of the fastening member is pressed against the inner surface of the mounting member, and the inner end of the fastening member presses the tool. The tool can be tightened at the inner end to generate a holding force of the tool. Here, the fastening member is created by filling a synthetic resin into the opening of the tool insertion member and molding the outer end thereof in a state deformed so as to be larger than the opening diameter of the opening. It is desirable. In this case, it is possible to prevent the fastening member from dropping from the opening into the tool insertion portion due to the repeated insertion and removal of the tool.

The tool post of each of the above-mentioned inventions, a gripper for gripping the tool, and a drive mechanism configured to move the gripper are provided. A gripping operation for gripping the tool mounted on the tool post in contact with the tool mounting body and pressing the tool mounting body in the depth direction against the drag of the drag generating means, or A processing apparatus characterized in that it is configured to perform a release operation of releasing the tool held by a holding unit.

In each of the above-mentioned inventions, it is preferable to provide a tool insertion portion having an inner diameter substantially matching the outer diameter of the tool on the tool mounting body from the viewpoint of tool positioning and holding.
Preferably, the inner bottom surface of the tool insertion portion is formed flat. Further, it is preferable to provide a lateral hole communicating with the outside for removing dust near the inner bottom surface of the tool insertion portion.

[0021]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a tool post according to the present invention and a processing apparatus provided with the tool post will be described. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of the tool post 20 of the present embodiment. Since the tool post 20 is common in many parts to that described in the above-described conventional example,
Similar parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
In this embodiment, the case body 21, the mounting tubular member 22, the elastic member 23, and the holding ring 24 are completely the same as the conventional structure shown in FIG.

In the present embodiment, the mounting tubular member 22 includes
A substantially cylindrical tool insertion member 25 is press-fitted from above. The tool insertion member 25 has a step 25a formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof, and the step 25a engages with a step 22d formed on the inner peripheral surface of the mounting tubular member 22.
5 is configured such that the insertion depth into the mounting tubular member 22 is regulated. Inside the tool insertion member 25, a tool insertion hole 25b having an upper opening is formed. The tool insertion hole 25b has an inner diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the shaft portion of the tool 10, and the tool 10 can be smoothly inserted into the tool insertion hole 25b.
Are formed with high precision so that the axis of the lens hardly falls down.

The inner bottom surface of the tool insertion hole 25b is formed substantially flat, and the tip 1 of the processing portion 10a of the tool 10 is formed on the inner bottom surface.
0b abuts. Near the inner bottom surface,
A lateral hole 25c that connects the tool insertion hole 25b to the outside is formed. This horizontal hole 25c prevents cutting chips and other dust adhering to the tool 10 from entering the tool insertion hole 25b and being caught between the tip 10b of the processing portion 10a and the inner bottom surface of the tool insertion hole 25b. This is a cleaning horizontal hole for prevention. When dust enters the tool insertion hole 25b, gas or other fluid such as air blow is introduced from the upper opening of the tool insertion hole 25b or the horizontal hole 25c before a new tool 10 is inserted. Alternatively, dust is discharged from the upper opening of the tool insertion hole 25b.

On the outer peripheral surface of the tool insertion hole 25b, another lateral hole 25d communicating with the tool insertion hole 25b is formed. A fastening member 26 made of a synthetic resin is disposed inside the horizontal hole 25d. The fastening member 26 is attached to the inside of the horizontal hole 25d. When the tool insertion member 25 is pressed into the inside of the mounting tubular member 22, the fastening member 26 is pressed from the outside by the holding piece portion 22a, so that the fastening member 26 is pressed. It is deformed, and its inner end projects slightly into the tool insertion hole 25b.

The fastening member 26 can be easily manufactured by, for example, the method shown in FIG. First, FIG.
As shown in the figure, in a state where the tool 10 or a dummy having the same shape as the tool 10 is inserted into the tool insertion hole 25b of the tool insertion member 25, a synthetic resin wire 260 is inserted into the horizontal hole 25d. Then, the tip of the wire 260 is brought into contact with the outer surface of the tool 10 or the dummy. Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the wire 260 is cut so as to protrude slightly from the outer peripheral surface of the tool insertion member 25 to form an outer end portion 261. Further, the outer surface portion 261 is heated by using a trowel or the like to partially melt the protruding portion of the outer end portion 261 of the wire 260 as shown in FIG. The outer diameter of the end portion 261 is increased, and the peripheral edge of the outer end portion 261 is gradually thinned and deformed so as to smoothly overlap the outer surface of the tool insertion member 25. Finally,
As shown in FIG. 3D, the outer end portion 261 formed into a smooth convex curved shape is polished as necessary, and the protrusion amount t of the tool insertion member 25 from the outer surface is adjusted. By doing so, the fastening member 26 is engaged with the lateral hole 25d, and the inner end is deformed by pressing the outer end 261 so that the inner end 262 slightly projects into the tool insertion hole 25b. It is configured to be possible.

The fastening member 26 formed by the above-described manufacturing method is preferably a soft thermoplastic synthetic resin which changes to a certain degree easily. Further, various kinds of rubber can be used as a material of the fastening member 26. However, the material of the tightening member 26 is such that when the outer end portion of the tightening member 26 is pressed, the inner end portion of the tightening member 26 is
As long as it is configured to protrude slightly into b,
There is no particular limitation.

The tool 10 is inserted into the tool insertion member 25 described above.
Is inserted, and as shown in FIG.
Is brought into contact with the inner bottom surface of the tool insertion hole 25b, and when the tool insertion member 25 is pressed into the inside of the mounting tubular member 22, the tightening member 26 slightly protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the tool insertion member 25.
Is pressed by the holding piece 22a, and the inner end of the fastening member 26 is pressed against the tool 10 in the tool insertion hole 25b. As a result, the tool 10 is lightly held by the inner end of the fastening member 26.

Next, the operation of the gripper 30 of the processing apparatus of the present embodiment with respect to the tool post 20 will be described with reference to FIG. As a specific example of the processing apparatus of this embodiment,
Drilling equipment and routers are conceivable. Gripper 30
Has a collet chuck structure similar to that described above. When the tool 10 is mounted on the tool post 20, the gripper 30 that does not grip the tool 10 indicated by the dashed line in the drawing descends toward the tool post 20, and the end face of the collet 31 is positioned above the tool insertion member 25. It comes into contact with the end face, and pushes down the tool insertion member 25 together with the mounting cylinder 22. When the tool insertion member 25 is pushed down by a predetermined amount, the gripping portion 30 is temporarily stopped, and as shown by a solid line in the drawing, the driving cylinder 32 is in a state where the end face of the collet 31 is in contact with the upper surface of the tool insertion member 25. The tool 10 is moved downward, the diameter of the collet 31 is reduced, and the tool 10 is gripped. As it is, the gripper 30 rises while holding the tool 10, and eventually moves upward so as to extract the tool 10 from the tool insertion member 25.

On the other hand, the gripper 30 already grips the tool 10
Moves down toward the tool post 20 in which the tool 10 is not inserted, and inserts the gripped tool 10 into the tool insertion hole 25b of the tool insertion member 25 for tool replacement. Then, the tool 10 is inserted into the tool insertion hole 25b, and the end face of the collet 31 contacts the upper end face of the tool insertion member 25. Thereafter, the tool insertion member 25 and the mounting cylinder 22
Is pressed down against the elastic force of the elastic member 23. When pressed down to a certain extent, the gripper 30 stops temporarily, and the driving cylinder 3
Since the collet 31 is retracted upward and the diameter of the collet 31 is increased, the tool 10 is released from the grip portion 30. Then collet 3
Since the gripper 30 is raised with the diameter of the tool 1 increased, the tool 1
0 is left while being held by the tool post 20.

In the above embodiment, the tool 10 must be left on the tool post 20 after the gripper 30 releases the tool 10. However, when cutting chips or the like enter the gripping portion 30 and the collet 31 does not open properly, the tool 10 can be completely released when the gripping portion 30 moves upward with the intention of releasing the tool 10. When the collet 31 is closed when the grip portion 30 has been raised to some extent, the tool 10 is improperly gripped. In this state, the tool 10 is held to grip a new tool. To the next tool post. When the next tool post approaches to grip a new tool 10, the tool 1 in an incorrectly gripped state
0 may collide with the tool post, destroy the tool post, or damage the grip portion 30.

However, in the present embodiment, since the fastening member 26 is provided, the inner end of the fastening member 26 exerts an appropriate holding force on the inserted tool 10 to the tool, and the tool 10 is temporarily provided as described above. Even if the collet 31 is not sufficiently opened, the tool 10 is securely left in the tool insertion member 25. Therefore, the above-described accident does not occur. In addition, when the above-described failure does not occur in the grip portion 30, there is no problem even if the fastening member 26 is not provided.

In this embodiment, when the tool 10 is inserted into the tool insertion hole 25b of the tool insertion member 25,
The leading end 10b of Oa contacts the inner bottom surface of the tool insertion hole 25b. At this time, since the insertion depth of the tool insertion hole 25b is formed such that the base of the tool 10 protrudes from the upper opening of the tool insertion hole 25b by a predetermined length in advance, it is gripped by the gripping portion 30 described above. At this time, the tool 10 can protrude from the tip of the collet 31 by a predetermined length. Therefore, it is not necessary to mount the positioning ring 11 on the tool 10 to determine the gripping position of the tool 10 as in the related art, and the operation of mounting the positioning ring 11 on the tool 10 and the positioning ring 11 from the used tool 10 are not necessary.
Removal work can be made unnecessary.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing a tool insertion member 35 as a modified example of the tool insertion member 25. The tool insertion member 35 has a slot 35d formed from the tool insertion hole 35b to the outer surface instead of the horizontal hole 25d.
Are formed. The slot 35d functions to reduce the diameter of the entire tool insertion member 35 when press-fitted into the mounting tubular member 22, and also slightly reduces the diameter of the tool insertion hole 35b to be inserted into the tool insertion hole 35b. Light resistance is given to the tool 10 when the tool is removed. In the tool insertion member 35 as well, it is possible to prevent the release failure of the grip portion 30 to the tool as in the above-described embodiment. Here, the slit portion 35d is filled with rubber or another flexible material or elastic material, and these materials are deformed by the mounting tubular member 22 so that the removal resistance against the tool 10 in the tool insertion hole 35b is reduced. May be given.

In the above embodiment, the tool post 2
0, a tool insertion member 25 is press-fitted into the mounting tube material 22 for mounting. However, the mounting tube material 22 and the tool insertion member 25 are integrated as a tool mounting body. You may comprise.

Further, the tool post and the processing apparatus of the present invention are not limited to the above-described examples, and it is needless to say that various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0036]

As described above, according to the present invention,
By inserting the tool into the tool insertion portion, the insertion depth of the tool is defined, and the base of the tool is positioned with the tool protruding from the tool insertion portion. The tool can be gripped at a predetermined gripping position by gripping the tool with the gripping part in a state where the mounting body is pressed against the drag of the drag generating means. Therefore, there is no need to mount a positioning ring for positioning on the tool itself as in the related art,
In addition, since there is no need to remove the positioning ring from the used tool, the work of mounting and removing the positioning ring becomes unnecessary, and the productivity can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a tool post, a tool, and a grip portion in an embodiment of a tool post and a processing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the gripper grips the tool or a state in which the gripper releases the tool in the embodiment.

FIGS. 3A to 3D are process explanatory views showing a method of manufacturing a fastening member provided on a tool insertion member in the embodiment. FIGS.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing a modified example that can be used instead of the tool insertion member of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing shapes of a conventional tool and a positioning ring.

FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of a conventional tool post.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Tool 10a Processing part 10b Tip 20 Tool post 21 Case body 22 Mounting cylinder 23 Elastic member 25 Tool insertion member 25b Tool insertion hole 25d Side hole 26 Tightening member

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor De Souza Sergio Louise 245 Yonezawa, Chino-shi, Nagano F-term in Ryowa Corporation (reference) 3C002 AA06 DD14 GG03 LL04

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A shape defining the insertion depth of the tool while positioning the axis of the tool so that the tip of the tool is inserted and the tool is held with the base of the tool protruding. A tool mounting body having a tool insertion portion, and a tool mounting portion for supporting the tool mounting body so as to be movable in the depth direction of the tool insertion portion and moving the tool mounting body in the depth direction. A tool post, comprising: drag generating means for generating a drag against movement of the body. 2. The tool mounting body according to claim 1,
A mounting cylindrical member guided in the depth direction and urged by the drag generating means, and inserted and fixed inside the mounting cylindrical member while being positioned in the depth direction, and including the tool insertion portion; A tool post, comprising: a tool insertion member; 3. The tool according to claim 2, wherein the tool inserted into the tool insertion member is tightened when the tool insertion member is inserted into and fixed to the mounting tubular member. Tool post. 4. The tool insertion member according to claim 3, wherein the tool insertion member is deformed toward the inside of the tool insertion portion when the tool insertion member is inserted and fixed inside the mounting tubular member, and the tool is inserted. A tool post having a fastening member for fastening. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein:
Item), a gripper for gripping the tool, and a drive mechanism configured to move the gripper, wherein the gripper contacts the tool mounting body of the tool post by the drive mechanism. A gripping operation for gripping the tool mounted on the tool post in a state where the tool mounting body is pressed in the depth direction against the drag of the drag generating means, or gripped by the gripping portion. A machining apparatus configured to perform a release operation of releasing the tool.