JP2000240037A - Fender - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To form no bolt fixing recessed part in the surface of a resin pad to prevent damage due to contact with a ship by forming a non-through screw hole in the back of the resin pad, and bolting the resin pad from the back side of a shock receiving material. SOLUTION: This fender is so constructed that a low-friction resin pad 3 formed of polyethylene or the like is secured to the surface of a shock receiving material 1 made by a metal plate such as a steel plate or the like, a shock support member 2 made of elastic material such as rubber or the like is bolted on the back, and the shock support member 2 is fixed to a cliff Q by a bolt. In this arrangement, in fixing the resin pad 3 to the shock receiving material 1, a non-through screw hole is provided in the back of the resin pad 3, a bolt is inserted and screw-engaged through a piercing hole bored in the shock receiving material 1 to fix the resin pad to the shock receiving material 1. A cylindrical projection may be intergrally formed on the back of the resin pad 3 and inserted in the piercing hole of the shock receiving material 1 to be heated and pressed. Thus, no bolt fixing recessed part is formed in the surface of the resin pad 3 so as to prevent damage at the time of contact with a ship.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fender used as a cushioning material when berthing or mooring a ship or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), for example, a conventional fender includes a hard receiving member 1 formed by assembling a metal plate such as a steel plate. A support member 2, 2 entirely formed of an elastic material such as rubber fixed to the back surface of the support member 1, a plate-shaped support member fixed to the surface of the support member 1,
It is composed of a plurality of resin pads 3.

The fender is assembled by fixing the base ends of the supporting members 2 and 2 to the back surface of the receiving member 1 by screwing a bolt B2 and a nut N2. Then, a bolt B3 protruding from the quay Q or the like is inserted into a through hole (not shown) at the distal end of the support members 2, 2, and a nut N3 is screwed and tightened to thereby provide the quay Q or the like. Used fixed to.

[0004] The resin pad 3 is for reducing the frictional force between the ship and the ship in order to prevent the side of the ship from being damaged or the fender being damaged when the ship berths. It is formed in a plate shape from a synthetic resin having a small friction coefficient such as polyethylene. As shown in FIG. 4A, for example, the resin pad 3 has a large-diameter portion 3c on the surface side and a small-diameter portion on the side of the step receiving surface 3b provided on the resin pad 3 in the thickness direction. The screw portion of the bolt B4 is formed in the small-diameter portion 3d of the through-hole 3a formed as the portion 3d and the through-hole 1b provided at a position corresponding to the small-diameter portion 3d of the metal plate 1a constituting the surface of the receiving member 1. B4a
, And screwed into a nut N4 fixed to the back surface of the metal plate 1a by welding or the like, and the head B4b of the bolt B4 and the metal plate 1a are moved from the stepped surface 3b of the resin pad 3 to the receiving member 1 side. By tightening the part, the receiving member 1
It is fixed to the surface. In the drawing, reference symbol W denotes a washer interposed between the head B4b of the bolt B4 and the step surface 3b of the resin pad 3.

In the above fixed state, the bolt B
For 4 of the head B4b is prevented from damaging the broadside of a watercraft, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the top surface of the head portion B4b has only T ₅ from the surface of the resin pad 3 reentrant The depth of the large-diameter portion 3c of the through hole 3a, that is, the position of the step surface 3b in the thickness direction is set so as to come to the position.

[0006]

However, the present inventors have studied and found that, in the above-mentioned conventional fixing structure, the resin pad 3
On the surface that comes into direct contact with the side of the ship,
In addition, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), since a large number of through holes 3a are opened as recesses, the recesses are provided with, for example, projections on the side of the ship (projections due to the structure of the hull itself, such as studs, etc.). (Including barnacles such as barnacles attached to the sea surface) can cause a sharp increase in the frictional force between the fender and the fender, possibly damaging the fender and damaging the fender. It became clear.

In addition, the above structure has a problem that the service life of the resin pad 3 is shortened, and the resin pad 3 must be replaced frequently. That is, in the above structure, the resin pad 3 has a limited thickness T ₁ (usually about 20 to 150 mm).
In order to secure the mounting strength to the receiving member 1, the stepped surface 3
b Thickness (= tightening allowance) T ₄ of the portion on the side of the receiving member 1
Since that can not be too thin, inevitably, the top surface of the head B4b of the bolt B4, a step T ₅ between the surface of the resin pad 3 becomes small. However, the resin pad 3 wears out during use and gradually decreases in thickness. When the head B4b of the bolt B4 protrudes from the surface of the resin pad 3, the resin pad 3 cannot be used. T ₅
Is small, the life of the resin pad 3 is shortened, and frequent replacement is required.

For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-59711 discloses that a layer of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene corresponding to a resin pad is provided at least on a receiving portion of a supporting member integrally formed of rubber. It describes a fender that is fixed by vulcanization and adhesion at the same time as vulcanization of the rubber that constitutes the member. In such a configuration, the surface of the resin pad is
Because it is formed on a flat surface without recessed parts such as through holes, a sudden increase in frictional force due to the catch of the side projections,
Accordingly, there is no possibility that the side of the ship will be damaged or the fenders will be damaged. Also, since no bolt is used for fixing, almost the entire thickness of the resin pad can be used for reducing friction.

However, in the above configuration, a hard receiving member cannot be interposed between the supporting member and the resin pad, so that the burden on the supporting member is large when the ship is berthing. . Further, since the support member and the resin pad are bonded by vulcanization at the same time as the vulcanization of the rubber constituting the support member as described above, it is substantially impossible to replace the resin pad. In some cases, when the resin pad is worn to such an extent that the effect of reducing friction is lost, the entire fender becomes unusable. Therefore, the life of the fender as a whole is
There is a possibility that it will be shorter than the conventional one.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-47107 discloses that the entire receiving member is formed of a resin into a thick flat plate or box shape (see FIGS. 3 to 6 of the same publication). Each example)
Or a combination of a front plate and a back plate made of a resin plate and a steel rib (example of FIG. 2 of the same publication)
Fenders are described. The publication also discloses, as a prior art, an example (FIG. 1) in which resin pads are laid on the front plate of a steel receiving member.

[0011] Of these, the former, in which the entire receiving member is formed into a shape such as a thick flat plate with resin, is formed by connecting the receiving member to a supporting member by screwing a bolt and a nut in the same manner as in the prior art. The surface has a large number of through-holes, which are also open as recesses, so that the friction on the side of the ship increases due to the sudden increase in frictional force caused by the protrusion on the side of the ship. It is not possible to prevent breakage of the product.

In addition, a resin pad is laid on a surface plate and a back plate formed of a resin plate and a steel rib, which are formed by combining the latter, or a front plate of a steel receiving member. For example, the front and back plates and steel ribs,
Alternatively, how the steel front plate and the resin pad are fixed to each other is not described in the above-mentioned publication at all, so the details are unknown.

[0013] However, if the two are adhered using an adhesive, for example, there is a problem that a strong and durable fixing cannot be performed. That is, as the resin for forming the resin front plate and the resin pad, for example, polyethylene having a small coefficient of friction is often used as described above. However, such polyethylene is a material having a small surface energy and is difficult to adhere with an adhesive. Because of this, it is inherently difficult to firmly fix.

[0014] Even if the fenders can be bonded,
It is used for severe applications such as coastal areas where harsh weather conditions are severe, especially in environments with large temperature differences. It is difficult to do so, does not have sufficient durability, and falls off relatively early. An object of the present invention is to provide a resin pad for reducing a frictional force between a fender and a fender, such as a ship, and a recess such as a through-hole that may cause a sudden increase in frictional force on the surface thereof. A new type of protection that can be fixed to the surface of a hard receiving member firmly and sufficiently durably without occurrence, and can be easily replaced when the resin pad is worn. To provide port materials.

[0015]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fender comprising a hard receiving member and an elastic material entirely fixed to the back surface of the receiving member. And a plate-like resin pad fixed to the surface of the receiving member, wherein the resin pad is
Through the through-hole provided in the receiving member, it is fixed to the front surface of the receiving member by fixing means operated from the back side, and the surface of the resin pad is formed on a flat surface without a concave portion. It is characterized by having.

According to the present invention, as described above, the surface of the resin pad can be formed on a flat surface having no concave portion.
It is possible to reliably prevent a sudden increase in frictional force caused by the projection on the side of the shore being caught by the concave portion, and the accompanying damage to the side of the shore or damage to the fender. In addition, the resin pad is received through the through hole provided in the hard receiving member by a fixing means operated from the back side thereof, with a stronger and sufficient durability as compared with, for example, fixing using an adhesive. It can be fixed to the surface of the impact member.

Further, when the resin pad is worn, after the fixing by the fixing means is released by the operation from the back side of the receiving member, a new resin pad is again used for the receiving member by using the fixing means. What is necessary is just to fix by operation from a back surface side, and exchange of a resin pad can also be performed easily.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings showing an example of the embodiment. The overall configuration of the fender of this example is the same as the conventional one. That is, FIG.
As shown in (a) and (b), a hard receiving member 1 formed by assembling a metal plate such as a steel plate, and an elastic material such as rubber entirely fixed to the back surface of the receiving member 1 are used. Are formed, and a plurality of plate-shaped resin pads 3 fixed to the surface of the receiving member 1 are provided.

The fender is assembled by fixing the base ends of the supporting members 2 and 2 to the back surface of the receiving member 1 by screwing a bolt B2 and a nut N2. Then, a bolt B3 protruding from the quay Q or the like is inserted into a through hole (not shown) at the tip end of the support members 2, 2, and a nut N3 is screwed and tightened. Used fixed.

As in the prior art, the resin pad 3 is also used to reduce the frictional force between the two in order to prevent the side of the ship from being damaged or the fender being damaged when a ship or the like berths. Further, it is formed in a plate shape with a synthetic resin having a small coefficient of friction such as polyethylene. The difference of this example from the conventional one is that the resin pad 3 passes through a through hole 1b formed in a metal plate 1a constituting the surface of the receiving member 1, as shown in FIG. The screw portion B1a of the bolt B1 as a fixing means, which has been inserted from the rear side of the receiving member 1 into the screw hole 31 provided on the back surface of the resin pad 3 at a position corresponding to the through hole 1b. Is fixed on the surface of the receiving member 1 by tightening the metal plate 1a with the head B1b of the bolt B1 and the resin pad 3 by the operation of.

Due to this difference, the screw hole 31 of the resin pad 3 is formed so as to have a bottom without penetrating the surface of the resin pad 3 as shown in FIG. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), it is formed on a flat surface without a recess such as a through hole on the surface. For this reason, in this example, it is possible to more reliably prevent a sudden increase in frictional force due to the fact that the projection on the side of the boat is caught by the recessed portion, and the accompanying damage to the side of the boat or damage to the fender.

As described above, the resin pad 3 is more firmly and sufficiently durable by the bolt B1 as compared with, for example, fixing using an adhesive.
Fixed on the surface of Moreover, when the resin pad 3 is worn, the screw B of the bolt B1 is released from the screw hole 31 by an operation from the back side of the receiving member 1, and the old resin pad 3 is removed. Pad 3
As in the above case, the resin pad 3 may be fixed by screwing the bolt B1, and the resin pad 3 can be easily replaced.

The depth T ₂ of the screw hole 31 is not particularly limited, but may be substantially the same as the tightening allowance T ₄ in the conventional example. Then the resin pad 3 in that case, substantially close the thickness of the thickness corresponding to T ₃ from the total thickness T ₁ minus the depth T ₂ of the screw holes 31, can continue to use until worn, Compared to the conventional example, the bolt B4
The life of the resin pad 3 can be extended by the thickness of the head B4b and the thickness of the washer W.

The screw hole 31 may be formed in advance with a female screw to be screwed with the screw portion B1a of the bolt B1, but a so-called self-tapping type bolt is used as the bolt B1, and the screw hole 31 is used. It is preferable that only a pilot hole is formed without forming a female screw on the, and the screw is cut at the same time as the screwing of the bolt B1. This has the advantage that the structure of the resin pad 3 can be further simplified.

The fixing means is not limited to the bolt B1. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, a resin protrusion 32 projecting rearward from the back surface of the resin pad 3 may be used as a fixing means. That is, in FIG. 2, a resin projection 32 formed integrally with the resin pad 3 or fixed later by heat fusion or the like on the back surface of the resin pad 3 forms the surface of the receiving member 1. Through the through hole 1b provided in the metal plate 1a, it was inserted from the front surface side to the back surface side to protrude behind the metal plate 1a as shown by the broken line in the figure, and then the protruding tip was heated and softened. In this state, as shown by a solid line in the figure, the resin pad 3 is fixed to the surface of the receiving member 1 by crushing and pressing the flange around the through hole 1b on the back surface of the metal plate 1a. .

According to this structure, the resin pad 3 is formed on a flat surface without a concave portion such as a through hole as shown in FIG. It is possible to more reliably prevent the occurrence of such an increase and the accompanying damage on the side of the ship or damage to the fender. In addition, the resin pad 3 is heated, softened, crushed, and pressed as described above, so that the protrusions 32 are more firmly and sufficiently durable compared to, for example, fixing using an adhesive. It is fixed to the surface of the member 1.

When the resin pad 3 is worn, the old resin pad 3 is removed by shaving off the portion of the back surface of the impact member 1 where the projection 32 is crushed, and then the new resin pad 3 is replaced with a new one. In the same manner as described above, the protrusion 32 may be heated and softened, and may be fixed by crushing and pressing, and the resin pad 3 can be easily replaced. In addition, since no bolts or the like are used, the resin pad 3 can be continuously used until it is worn by a thickness almost equal to the entire thickness T _1, and the life of the resin pad 3 is reduced.
It can be extended further than the previous example.

Further, since no bolts or the like are used as described above, even if the resin pad 3 is left until almost all of the resin pad 3 is worn out, the ship or the like is exposed on the surface due to the wear of the resin pad. There is no possibility that a problem such as damage due to bolts or the like may occur. Note that FIG.
In (b), the resin pad 3 is not a single piece having the same size as the receiving member 1, but is divided into a plurality of small pieces (eight in the figure) because of expansion due to temperature change. This is for reducing the shrinkage and preventing the resin pad 3 from being damaged or falling off from the receiving member 1.

That is, as described above, the fender is used under severe weather conditions such as the coastal area, and particularly in an environment with a large temperature difference. When the resin pad 3 formed of a resin having a size of about one digit or more is formed into one sheet having the same size as the impact receiving member 1, when the expansion and contraction accompanying the temperature change occurs,
If an excessive load is applied to the resin pad 3, particularly to the fixing means, there is a possibility that the resin pad 3 may be damaged or fall off the receiving member 1.

On the other hand, the resin pad 3 is divided into small pieces smaller than the receiving member 1 as shown in the figure, and a plurality of the resin pads 3 are fixed so as to be laid on the surface of the receiving member 1. In addition, the load applied to the resin pads 3 one by one at the time of expansion and contraction is smaller than before, so that the resin pads 3 are prevented from being damaged and falling off from the receiving member 1.

The configuration of the present invention is not limited to the examples shown in the drawings described above. For example, as the fixing means,
In addition to the above examples, a bolt having a head buried in the resin pad 3 and a screw portion protruding rearward from the back surface thereof, and a through hole 1b provided in a metal plate 1a constituting the surface of the receiving member 1
, A combination with a nut screwed into the above-mentioned screw portion protruding to the rear surface side can also be adopted.

The shapes and structures of the receiving member 1, the supporting member 2, and the resin pad 3 are not limited to those shown in the figures, but
Can be changed. In addition, various design changes can be made without changing the gist of the present invention.

[0033]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention,
Without creating a recessed part such as a through hole that may cause a sudden increase in frictional force on the surface of the resin pad,
In addition, it is possible to provide a novel fender that can be fixed firmly and with sufficient durability to the surface of a hard receiving member and can be easily replaced when the resin pad is worn. This produces a unique effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a fixing structure of a resin pad which is a main part of an example of an embodiment of a fender according to the present invention, and FIG. It is a front view of the fender.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a modification of the fixing structure of the resin pad.

FIG. 3 (a) is a plan view of the fender, and FIG. 3 (b) is a side view.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing a fixing structure of a resin pad in a conventional fender.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 receiving member 1b through hole 2 supporting member 3 resin pad 31 screw hole 32 projection (fixing means) B1 bolt (fixing means)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A hard receiving member, a supporting member fixed to the back surface of the receiving member and entirely formed of an elastic material, and a plate-like member fixed to the surface of the receiving member. In a fender provided with a resin pad, the resin pad passes through a through hole provided in a receiving member,
A fender, which is fixed to the surface of the receiving member by fixing means operated from the back side, and the surface of the resin pad is formed on a flat surface without a recess. 2. The fixing means passes through a through hole of a receiving member.
By being screwed into the screw hole provided on the back of the resin pad,
2. The fender according to claim 1, wherein the fender is a bolt for fixing the resin pad to the surface of the receiving member. 3. A fixing means is provided to project rearward from the back surface of the resin pad, and its tip is heated and softened in a state where it projects to the back of the receiving member through a through hole. The fender according to claim 1, wherein the fender is a resin protrusion that is fixed to the surface of the receiving member by being crushed and pressed into a flange shape around the through hole.