JP2000239918A - Flat core-sheath conjugate fiber excellent in hygroscopic property - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject conjugate fiber having high commercial value, gloss, dry feeling and feeling and useful for a sports clothing, etc., by using a hydrophilic component and a fiber-forming property as constituting components and having respectively prescribed humidity-absorbing and releasing parameter (ΔMR) and a flatness degree. SOLUTION: This fiber is a core-sheath conjugate fiber comprising a hydrophilic component 1 such as a polyetheresteramide-based compound and a polyetherester-based compound and a fiber forming polymer 2 such as polyethylene terephthalate as constituting components, and has >=1.0 % of ΔMR and 1.05-3.0 of flatness degree of the formula: flatness degree = (long distance in fiber cross section/short distance in fiber cross section). Preferably, a compound having ΔMR>=8% is used as the hydrophilic component, and the hydrophilic component is used as one component and a conjugate fraction is 5-90 wt.%, then a hollow part 3 is in the conjugate fiber structure, thus hollow fraction is 1-20%.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hygroscopic synthetic fiber having an excellent gloss and a new texture.
More specifically, it can be particularly suitably used for clothing materials such as innerwear, middle garments, and sports clothing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Thermoplastic synthetic fibers typified by polyester and polyamide are excellent in mechanical strength, chemical resistance, heat resistance and the like, and are therefore widely used mainly for apparel use and industrial use.

[0003] Since these synthetic fibers have extremely low hygroscopicity, in fields where they are directly in contact with the skin or are worn close to the skin, such as innerwear, middle garments, and sports clothing, stuffiness due to sweating of the skin and It causes stickiness and the like, and is inferior to natural fibers in terms of comfort, and its entry into the clothing applications is limited. In order to solve this drawback, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Sho 51-67468, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. Sho 59-165485.
As described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 60-215835 or Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 60-215835, various kinds of fibers with high equilibrium moisture content (moisture absorption), ply twisting, and drawing are used to improve the moisture absorption comfort. Attempts to achieve it have been proposed. Although these methods do improve comfort, they are not as effective, and conversely, are contaminated by disperse dyes commonly used when dyeing synthetic fibers in other synthetic fiber properties. There is a problem in that the synthetic fiber has poor physical properties and the same physical properties are lost.

[0004] Also, a method is known in which acrylic acid or methacrylic acid is graft-polymerized on polyester fibers, and further, after the graft polymerization, their carboxyl groups are replaced with alkali metals to impart hygroscopicity.
That the polyester is difficult to graft polymerize,
It has not yet been put to practical use because it has potential deterioration in color fastness, light fastness, fiber physical properties, texture, and the like.

[0005] The method of imparting hygroscopicity in the post-processing stage has various problems at the time of dyeing or in terms of the properties of the obtained fabric. 10% moisture absorption under normal humidity to eliminate
JP-A-2-99612 discloses a core-sheath type composite fiber in which the above-mentioned hygroscopic resin is used as a core portion and is covered with polyester as a sheath portion.
No. pp. 139 to 163. However, in this method, the core has a high moisture absorption / water absorption rate during hot water treatment such as dyeing, so that the sheath is distorted due to the difference in water swelling between the core and the sheath, causing cracks on the fiber surface, resulting in high There are drawbacks, such as troubles in the next process.

JP-A-51-136924 proposes a core-sheath composite staple comprising a hydrophilic polyester as a core component and a non-hydrophilic polyester as a sheath component. As the hydrophilic polyester, a polyalkylene glycol copolymer alone or a mixture of a small amount of a polyalkylene glycol copolymer and a small amount of a sulfonic acid or acidic phosphate derivative is used.As a staple, both ends of the fiber are increased to absorb water. It is a proposal to improve the performance. However, the present inventors have found that although the staple can improve the water absorption, it is difficult to improve the moisture absorption.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-111116 proposes a core-sheath type antistatic composite fiber containing a specific polyether ester as a core component. However, the effect of the fibers is antistatic, and there is a problem that the physical properties of the fibers change with time because a polyester obtained by homopolymerizing a polyether component is used as a core component. In addition, there is a problem that the polyetherester is strongly colored and the quality of the obtained final product is impaired.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-267352 discloses a polyester composition containing 50 to 70% by weight of a specific polyalkylene glycol. When this composition is fiberized alone, it is difficult to use it for clothing and industrial purposes due to low fiber properties and poor water resistance.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-123012 discloses a core-sheath type hygroscopic polyester fiber. This is a copolymer of an alkylene terephthalate, an alkylene sulfoisophthalate, and a polyoxyalkylene glycol blended with a block polyetherester and used as a core polymer, but the content described in the patent does not show sufficient hygroscopicity. It's hard to get, not a satisfactory level.

The inventor of the present application has disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
In JP-A No. 4 (Kokai) No. 4, the inventors have invented a copolymer polyester excellent in hygroscopicity obtained by copolymerizing a hydrophilic compound and a fiber excellent in hygroscopicity using the copolymerized polyester. However, it has been found that there is an area where glossiness is required in developing this fiber. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 62-6983
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. HEI 10-175, discloses a modified cross-section yarn containing a polyester polyether block copolymer, which is intended to impart water absorbency by attaching the polyester polyether block copolymer to the fiber surface.

In view of the above, as a result of diligent studies, it has been found that flattening the fiber improves glossiness. Furthermore, it has been found that by deforming the fiber cross section, a new dry texture can be obtained due to the synergistic effect of fiber deformation and hygroscopicity.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a hygroscopic synthetic fiber which overcomes the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and has high commercial value, excellent gloss and novel dry texture.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a core-sheath conjugate fiber comprising a hydrophilic component and a fiber-forming polymer as constituent components, and have a moisture absorption / desorption parameter (ΔM).
R) is 1.0% or more, and the flatness defined by the following formula is in the range of 1.05 to 3.0.

Flatness = (distance in the major axis direction of fiber cross section)
/ (Distance in the minor axis direction of the fiber cross section).

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A hydrophilic component is a component for imparting hygroscopicity to fibers, which is the object of the present invention, and it is essential that the hydrophilic component has higher hygroscopicity than a fiber-forming polymer as a base. The hydrophilic component is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having a higher hygroscopic property than the fiber-forming polymer, but the hygroscopic property (ΔMR) of the hydrophilic component is preferably 8% or more. Representative compounds include polyetherester compounds, polyetheresteramide compounds, polyoxyalkylene compounds, polyoxazolines, polyacrylamide and its derivatives, polysulfoethyl methacrylate, poly (meth) acrylate, and poly (meth) acryl. Acids and salts thereof, polyhydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate,
Examples include polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. Among them, polyetherester compounds and polyetheresteramide compounds are preferred.

Specifically, a polyetherester compound is a copolymer having an ether bond and an ester bond in the same molecular chain. More specifically, it is a copolymer of a polyester component of a dicarboxylic acid and a diol and a polyether component composed of a polyoxyalkylene glycol. Examples of the acid component of the polyester include aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid and sebacic acid. Examples of the glycol component include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol and the like. Polyfunctional carboxylic acids such as trimellitic acid and pyromellitic acid, and polyols such as glycerin, trimethylolpropane, and pentaeristol may be used as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Examples of the polyoxyalkylene glycol include polyethylene glycol, poly (1,2- and 1,3-propylene oxide) glycol, polytetramethylene oxide glycol, polyhexamethylene oxide glycol, and a random or block copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide or tetrahydrofuran. Polymerization, etc.,
Particularly, polyethylene glycol is preferred. The copolymerization amount of polyethylene glycol is 40 to 90% by weight. Preferably it is 50 to 80% by weight. The upper limit of the copolymerization ratio is set from the viewpoint of the spinning properties, and the lower limit is set from the moisture absorption characteristics.

[0017] The polyetheresteramide compound is a block copolymer having an ether bond, an ester bond and an amide bond in the same molecular chain. More specifically, polycondensation of one or more polyamide-forming components selected from lactams, aminocarboxylic acids, salts of diamines and dicarboxylic acids, and polyether esters of dicarboxylic acids and poly (alkylene oxide) glycols. It is a block copolymer obtained by the reaction. The polyamide-forming component of the polyetheresteramide of the present invention includes lactams such as caprolactam, enantholactam, dodecalactam and undecalactam, aminocaproic acid, 11-aminoundecanoic acid,
Ω-aminocarboxylic acids such as 2-aminododecanoic acid,
There are nylon salts of diamine-dicarboxylic acid which are precursors of nylon 66, nylon 610, nylon 612 and the like, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Preferred polyamide-forming components are ε-caprolactam, a nylon 66 salt.

On the other hand, the polyetherester component constituting the soft segment of the polyetheresteramide comprises a dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 20 carbon atoms and poly (alkylene oxide) glycol. Examples of the dicarboxylic acids having 4 to 20 carbon atoms include succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as sebacic acid and dodecadic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid. Examples thereof include aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as acids, and alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, and one or more kinds thereof can be used in combination. Preferred dicarboxylic acids are adipic acid, sebacic acid, dodecadic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid. Examples of the polyoxyalkylene glycol include polyethylene glycol and poly (1,2).
-And 1,3-propylene oxide) glycol, polytetramethylene oxide glycol, polyhexamethylene oxide glycol, random or block copolymerization of ethylene oxide with propylene oxide or tetrahydrofuran, etc., with polyethylene glycol being particularly preferred.

In the present invention, in order to obtain comfort, it is essential that the fibers have ΔMR = 1.0% or more.
It is preferable to set the composite ratio of the hydrophilic component to 5 to 90% by weight. It is more preferably from 7 to 50% by weight, particularly preferably from 10 to 30% by weight. The composite ratio can be arbitrarily selected for dyeing applications and non-dying applications. The lower limit of the composite ratio is set for the purpose of imparting sufficient hygroscopicity, and the upper limit of the composite ratio is set from the viewpoint of preventing a decrease in spinnability and physical properties of fibers.

The hydrophilic component includes pigments such as titanium oxide and carbon black as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
Of course, a surfactant such as an alkylbenzene sulfonate, a conventionally known antioxidant, an anti-coloring agent, an antistatic agent, and a light-fast agent may be added.

In the present invention, as the fiber-forming polymer, polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene;
Examples include polyamides such as nylon 6 and nylon 66, and polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, but are not limited thereto. Preferably, it is a polyester mainly composed of polyethylene terephthalate, which is the most versatile synthetic fiber for clothing.

In the present invention, in order to improve the glossiness of the fiber, the flatness of the fiber cross section represented by the following formula is set to 1.0.
It is necessary to set it to 5 to 3.0.

Flatness = (distance in the major axis direction of fiber cross section)
/ (Distance in the minor axis direction of the fiber cross section) By defining the flatness in this range, the glossiness is improved as compared with the concentric (flatness 1.0) fiber. Preferably, it is set to 1.1 to 2.0. The upper limit of the flatness is set from the viewpoint of the spinnability, and the lower limit is set by the glossiness.

It has also been found for the first time that a flat dry fiber texture can be obtained by synergistic effects with the inherent moisture absorption (coolness of contact) of the fiber of the present invention by flattening the fiber cross section.

The fiber cross section can be made flat in the above-mentioned range by a conventionally known method. For example, in the case of the flat core-sheath type composite fiber, it becomes possible by using a die as shown in FIG. 2 and appropriately changing the ratio of a and b of the final discharge hole. Further, in the case of a flat core-sheath type composite hollow fiber, as shown in FIG.
No. 844 may be used.

Examples of the form of the synthetic fiber include a core-sheath type composite fiber and a core-sheath type composite hollow fiber, and the core-sheath type composite hollow fiber is preferable from the viewpoint of improving the glossiness.

In the case of the core-sheath composite hollow fiber, the hollow ratio is 1 to 20.
%, More preferably 2 to 10%.

In the present invention, the main component to be composited with the fiber-forming polymer is the above-mentioned copolymerized polyester, but may contain polyolefin, polyamide, polyester, polycarbonate and the like as long as the effect is not impaired.

The fiber-forming polymer includes titanium oxide,
Other known antioxidants other than pigments such as carbon black,
Needless to say, an anti-coloring agent, an anti-static agent, a light-proofing agent and the like may be added.

In the present invention, the conjugate fiber can be produced by a conventionally known method, and a method for producing a core-sheath type conjugate fiber will be described below.

In the case of the core-sheath composite fiber, the polyester (sheath portion) and the hydrophilic component (core portion) are separately melted and guided to a spinning pack to form a core-sheath composite flow in a spinneret shown in FIG. Spin from the discharge hole.

After taking out the spun filament yarn at a predetermined speed, it is once wound up in a package, and the obtained undrawn yarn is drawn by a usual drawing machine. Also, this drawing may be performed continuously without winding after winding the spun yarn and winding may be performed. At a high speed of 4000 m / min or more, the drawing may be performed at a stretch without substantially drawing the desired fiber performance. You may take the method of obtaining.

As a direct spin drawing method, for example, a spun yarn is taken at 1000 to 5000 m / min,
A method of stretching and heat-setting at 0 to 6000 m / min.

The filamentous form of the present invention may be either a filament or a staple, and can be obtained by a conventional method. The fabric form can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, such as a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a nonwoven fabric.

[0035]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. In addition, each characteristic value in an Example was calculated | required by the following method. A. Intrinsic viscosity [η] of polyester An orthochlorophenol solution was determined at 25 ° C. B. Difference in moisture absorption rate ΔMR between polymer and fiber In the case of a polymer, the chip is cut into a cube of about 2 mm square, and in the case of a fiber, the raw yarn is cut off, and in either case, vacuum is applied at 60 ° C. for 12 hours. And dried to about 1 g under the condition of 20 ° C. × 65% RH or 3
In an atmosphere of 0 ° C x 90% RH, a thermo-hygrostat (Tavai P
R-2G) was determined by the following equation from the weight change from the weight after standing for 24 hours in R-2G). Moisture absorption (%) = (weight after moisture absorption-weight after drying) / weight after drying × 100 20 ° C. × 65% RH and 30 ° C. × 90% measured above.
From the moisture absorption rate under the condition of RH (referred to as MR1 and MR2, respectively), a moisture absorption rate difference ΔMR (%) = MR2-MR1 is obtained. Here, the moisture absorption rate difference ΔMR is a driving force for obtaining comfort by releasing moisture in the clothes when the clothes are worn to the outside air, and is 30 ° C. × when light to medium work or light to medium exercise is performed. It is a moisture absorption rate difference between the temperature in clothes represented by 90% RH and the outside temperature and humidity represented by 20 ° C. × 65% RH.

In the present invention, this Δ is used as a scale for evaluating hygroscopicity.
MR is used as a parameter, and the larger the ΔMR, the higher the hygroscopicity and the better the comfort when worn. For practical use, 1% or more of fiber is required to obtain wearing comfort. C. Strength and elongation Using a Tensilon tensile tester manufactured by Toyo Baldwin Co., values were obtained from a stress-strain curve under the conditions of a test length of 20 cm and a tensile speed of 10 cm / min. D. Irradiation using an automatic control color difference measuring device manufactured by Toyo Rika Co., Ltd. 4
A sample wound on an aluminum plate was irradiated with light in the fiber axis direction under the conditions of 5 degrees and light reception of 45 degrees to obtain a value. The higher the number,
The light applied to the sample has a strong tendency to be specularly reflected, which means that the sample has a high glossiness. The gloss is preferably 40.0 or more. E. FIG. Flatness A cross-sectional photograph of the fiber was taken at a magnification of 100, and the flatness was calculated by the following equation.

Flatness = (distance in the major axis direction of fiber cross section)
// (distance in the minor axis direction of the fiber cross section) Hollow ratio A fiber cross-sectional photograph was taken at 100 times, and the hollow ratio was calculated from the area ratio. G. FIG. Dry feeling Regarding the dry feeling, sensory evaluation was performed by five arbitrary panelists. When 5 persons evaluated that there was a dry feeling, ○, 3
4 or less, 2 or less, ×, and △ or more. Example 1 Dimethyl terephthalic acid 19 was used as a copolymerized polyester.
4 parts, 124 parts of ethylene glycol, and 0.1 part of tetrabutyl titanate were added, and a transesterification reaction was performed while distilling methanol at 140 to 230 ° C., followed by a solution of 0.08 part of trimethyl phosphate in ethylene glycol and a molecular weight. 288 parts of 4000 polyethylene glycols,
Irganox 1010 (Ciba Geigy) as an antioxidant
0.2 parts, 0.2 parts of silicon as an antifoaming agent and 0.1 parts of tetrabutyl titanate were added, and polymerization was carried out at 250 ° C. under a reduced pressure of 1.0 mmHg for 4 hours to obtain a copolymerized polyester. The proportion of polyethylene glycol copolymerized with this copolymer was 60% by weight. The moisture absorption rate ΔMR of the obtained copolyester was 28%.

The copolymerized polyester was used as a core component, and polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.70 was separately melted as a sheath component, and a core / sheath ratio (weight ratio) = 15/85 was obtained from a core / sheath composite die shown in FIG. To obtain an undrawn yarn, and then drawing and heat treatment to obtain a core-sheath composite fiber of 75 denier and 24 filaments. This fiber was formed into a tubular knit, and the moisture absorption characteristics of the tubular knitted fabric after scouring were measured. As a result, ΔMR was 2.8%. The flatness of the fiber was 1.2. This fiber was wound on an aluminum plate and measured for glossiness, which was 64.5. The dry feeling was ○. Examples 2 to 4, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 A dyed fabric of a core-sheath type composite fiber was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the shape of the discharge mouthpiece was changed and the flatness was changed. . The results are summarized in Table 1.

[0039]

[Table 1] Examples 5 to 9, Comparative Example 3 Using the copolymerized polyester obtained in Example 1 as a core component,
As in Example 1, polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.70 was separately melted as a sheath component, and an undrawn yarn was obtained by changing the core-sheath composite ratio from the core-sheath composite die, and then drawing.
By heat treatment, a core-sheath composite fiber of 75 denier and 24 filaments was obtained. The fiber properties are summarized in Table 2.

[0040]

[Table 2] Examples 10 to 12 and Comparative Example 4 Copolymerized polyesters were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the copolymerization amount of polyethylene glycol in the copolymerized polyester was changed. Using this copolymerized polyester as the core component, a core-sheath composite fiber of 75 denier and 24 filaments was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. The fiber properties are summarized in Table 3.

[0041]

[Table 3] Example 13, Comparative Example 5 In synthesizing polyetheresteramide, ε-
340 parts of caprolactam, 18 parts of terephthalic acid, 100 parts of polyethylene glycol having a number average molecular weight of 1000,
A polymerization reaction vessel was charged with 0.1 part of IR1330 as an antioxidant and 0.01 part of trimethyl phosphate, and heated and stirred under a nitrogen stream at 240 ° C. for 1 hour.
0.1 part of antimony oxide was added, and a polymerization reaction was carried out at 250 ° C. and 0.5 mmHg or less for 4 hours under a heating and depressurizing program to obtain a polyetheresteramide block having a N6 component ratio of 45% by weight. A polymer was obtained. The ΔMR of the polymer was 10.5%. Except that this polyetheresteramide was used as the core component, a core-sheath composite fiber of 75 denier and 24 filaments was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 4 summarizes the fiber characteristics of Comparative Example 5 in which polyetheresteramide and fibers made of the same were obtained in the same manner as in Example 13 except that the degree of flatness was changed.

[0042]

[Table 4] Examples 14 to 17, Comparative Examples 6 and 7 Core-sheath composite hollow fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the core-sheath composite hollow die shown in FIG. 3 was used instead of the core-sheath composite die. The results are summarized in Table 5.

[0043]

[Table 5]

[0044]

The flat core-sheath conjugate fiber obtained according to the present invention has sufficient hygroscopicity to obtain comfortable wearing, has excellent coloring properties, and has high color fastness and light fastness. . In addition, because the fiber form is flattened, it has unprecedented glossiness and dryness. The synthetic fiber of the present invention is suitable for underwear, shirts / blouses, middle garments, sportswear, slacks, outer garments, linings, and even sheets and futon covers, and is extremely practical. is there.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exemplary view of a cross section of a synthetic fiber according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exemplary view of a flat core-sheath type composite die according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an exemplary view of a flat core-sheath type composite hollow die according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: copolymerized polyester 2: fiber-forming polyester 3: hollow part

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4L041 AA07 BA02 BA05 BA21 BA24 BA34 BA42 BC01 BC02 BC06 BC20 BD08 BD14 BD20 CA06 CA16 CA32 CA61 DD01 DD03 DD14 DD15 4L045 BA12 BA18 BA24 BA50 BA52 BA55 DA42

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A core-sheath conjugate fiber comprising a hydrophilic component and a fiber-forming polymer as constituents, and having a moisture absorption / desorption parameter (ΔMR) of 1.0% or more, and a flatness defined by the following formula: A flat core-sheath conjugate fiber excellent in hygroscopicity, wherein the degree is in the range of 1.05 to 3.0. Flatness = (distance in the major axis direction of the fiber cross section) / (distance in the minor axis direction of the fiber cross section) 2. The flat core-sheath conjugate fiber excellent in hygroscopicity according to claim 1, wherein a compound having a ΔMR of 8% or more is used as a hydrophilic component. 3. The flat core excellent in hygroscopicity according to claim 1, wherein one of a polyetheresteramide compound and a polyetherester compound is used as the hydrophilic component. Sheath composite fiber. 4. A composition comprising a hydrophilic component as one component and a composite ratio of 5
The flat core-sheath conjugate fiber excellent in hygroscopicity according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, which is 90 to 90% by weight. 5. The flat core sheath excellent in hygroscopicity according to claim 1, which has a hollow portion in the composite fiber structure and has a hollow ratio of 1 to 20%. Composite fiber.