JP2000237133A - Visual capability measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To measure DVA dynamic visibility accurately and handily. SOLUTION: This visual capability measuring device 1 is provided with a monitor 12, a controller 111 moving and displaying a pattern in the horizontal direction and vertical direction on the screen of the monitor 12 and changing the pattern to different types at one or two or more positions during the movement, a keyboard 13 allowing a testee to answer the type of the pattern displayed on the screen of the monitor 12, and a judging means 112 comparing the type of the pattern inputted from the keyboard 13 to the type of the pattern displayed on the screen of the monitor 12 and judging whether the answer is correct or not. The pattern contains three numerals selected in advance among numerals 0-9, for example, and three numerals are moved and displayed in three zones divided uniformly along the moving direction of the numerals on the screen of the monitor 12.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring visual ability, and more particularly to an apparatus for measuring a visual ability, which keeps a substantially constant distance from a subject among dynamic visual skills that are regarded as important in various sports and driving a car. So-called DVA dynamic visual acuity (the ability to visualize moving targets by eye movement)
The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring the dual Acuity.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to exhibit excellent athletic ability in various sports, it is necessary to have not only physical ability but also excellent visual ability. Also, in driving a car, visual ability is an important factor from the viewpoint of ensuring safety and the like.

[0003] Among various visual abilities of the human eye, particularly in sports and driving a car, not only a static visual ability evaluated by a normal visual acuity test but also a dynamic visual ability that can clearly see a moving object. Visual ability is important. As an indicator of this dynamic visual ability, DVA dynamic visual acuity has been studied mainly in Europe and the United States.

For example, in ball games such as baseball, tennis, table tennis, etc., the DVA moving body is used to accurately grasp the course, spin, etc. of a ball passing at high speed in front of the eyes by eye movement and perform an appropriate reaction operation. It is thought that eyesight plays an important role. Also, in car racing and driving of ordinary cars, DVA dynamic visual acuity plays an important role in accurately grasping the movements of other cars and people and performing appropriate operations.

[0005] Therefore, it is extremely important to measure the DVA dynamic visual acuity and to grasp the result in order to judge the suitability for sports and driving of a car, to direct training, and to make necessary corrections. In addition, it is important to appropriately conduct training in order to maintain and improve DVA dynamic visual acuity.

Conventionally, as a device for measuring the DVA moving visual acuity, a lateral moving visual acuity meter (product name HI-10) manufactured by Kowa Optimed Co., Ltd. is known. This device has a structure in which a Landolt ring is projected on a concave screen by a slide projector and is moved at a predetermined speed in a horizontal direction. When measuring, the subject was 80 cm from the screen
The moving Landolt's ring is tracked only by eye movement from a distant position. The moving speed of the Landolt ring is gradually reduced in accordance with the number of screen appearances, and the DVA moving object visual acuity is evaluated based on the speed at which the direction of the discontinuity of the Landolt ring can be determined.

[0007]

However, the conventional DVA moving-object visual acuity measuring apparatus has a configuration in which one kind of Landolt's ring having a cut in a predetermined direction is moved in the horizontal direction, so that the viewpoint is located at any position. It is not possible to evaluate whether a Landolt ring break was recognized at one time. Therefore, some subjects may consciously or unconsciously fix their gaze to a fixed point on the screen, and try to recognize a break at the time when the Landolt ring passes through the viewpoint or its vicinity. Even if measurement is performed without such eye movements, DVA dynamic visual acuity cannot be accurately measured and evaluated.

Further, the conventional apparatus is a dedicated apparatus, and the moving direction, size, type, etc. of the pattern projected on the screen are limited. Therefore, these parameters are changed as needed, and more detailed measurement, The degree of freedom for evaluation is poor. Further, the measurement is not easy to be performed individually or at home because of the high price.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and has as its object to provide a visual ability measuring device capable of accurately and easily measuring the dynamic visual acuity of a DVA.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pattern display means for displaying a selected pattern on a screen, and a screen for displaying the selected pattern.
A visual ability measuring device characterized by comprising: control means for moving and displaying one pattern in a certain direction, and changing and displaying a different type of pattern at one or more places during the movement. Is what you do.

According to this invention, the type of the pattern displayed on the screen is changed during the movement, and the subject must answer the changed type of the pattern. Therefore, in order to obtain a high accuracy rate, eye movement is inevitably involved, and DVA dynamic visual acuity can be measured more accurately. In addition, by repeatedly using the device according to the present invention, improvement in DVA dynamic visual acuity can be expected,
The improvement in the ability can be realized as a change in the measurement result. .

Preferably, the direction in which the pattern can be moved by the control means is at least one of horizontal, vertical and oblique directions.

According to the present invention, by making the moving direction of the pattern horizontal, it is possible to evaluate the performance equal to or higher than that of the conventional device. Further, by combining another direction or a plurality of directions, it is possible to evaluate in detail the difference in the clear vision ability due to the difference in the direction. For example, if the configuration is such that the pattern is moved in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, it is possible to evaluate the ability to clearly see the pattern moving in the vertical direction by eye movement, which cannot be evaluated by the conventional device. According to such a configuration, for example, in a ball game or the like that frequently involves vertical eye movements such as volleyball and basketball,
It can be said that it is particularly useful for judging aptitude, setting training directions, and the like.

More preferably, the device according to the present invention comprises:
An input unit for the subject to answer the type of the pattern displayed on the pattern display unit, the type of the pattern input by the input unit, and comparing the type of the pattern displayed on the pattern display unit, And determining means for determining correctness.

According to the present invention, since correctness is automatically determined, measurement can be performed more reliably.

According to the present invention, a computer executes a procedure of moving one pattern in a predetermined direction on a screen and displaying the same, and changing and displaying a different type of pattern at one or more places during the movement. It can be provided as a computer-readable recording medium on which a program to be recorded is recorded. Therefore, the present invention can be implemented on existing hardware such as a personal computer, and anyone can easily measure and train DVA dynamic visual acuity.
In addition, by combining with other general-purpose software, for example, the pattern can be made into a character figure or the like according to one's preference, and measurement and training can be performed while having fun.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, a configuration of a visual ability measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of the visual ability measuring device of the present embodiment. The visual ability measuring device 1 of the present embodiment is configured using a normal personal computer, and includes a computer main body 11, a 17-inch monitor 12 as pattern display means, and a keyboard 13 as answer input means. Computer body 11
Includes a control unit 11 for displaying a pattern on a monitor 12.
1, and the type of pattern displayed on the monitor 12 is compared with the subject's answer entered through the keyboard 13,
A judgment unit 112 for judging correctness is provided.

Next, a measurement processing flow by the visual ability measuring device 1 of the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart illustrating an example of a process of measuring DVA moving object visual acuity by the visual ability measuring device 1. As shown in FIG.
First, data such as the age and gender of the subject is input via the keyboard 13 (step 1).

Next, in the control unit 111, the direction in which the pattern (the numeral in this embodiment) is moved and displayed is
A selection is made from four directions (left to right, right to left, top to bottom, and bottom to top on the screen of the monitor 12) (step 2).

Next, three sections (first section) obtained by dividing the screen of the monitor 12 into three equal numbers along the moving direction of the numbers are divided into three numbers selected in advance from the numbers "0" to "9". To the third section), the display is moved while changing the display (steps 3 to 5). At this time, the subject
At a position away from the screen of the 17-inch monitor 12 by a distance of about 32 cm, the user sees the number that is moved and displayed.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of displaying numbers on the screen of the monitor 12 by moving the numbers from left to right. As shown in FIG. 4, in the first section where the screen is divided into three equal parts in the horizontal direction, the number “8” is assigned (step 3), and in the second section, the number “2” is assigned (step 4). In the section of (4), the numeral "4" (step 5) is moved and displayed. Each digit needs to be moved and displayed at a speed close to the limit of human eye movement. In the present embodiment, under the condition that the subject is located at a distance of about 32 cm from the screen of the monitor 12, the subject is moved and displayed at a speed of about 60 degrees / second. In the present embodiment, the screen is divided into three equal parts, and different types of numbers are displayed in each section. However, the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the display may be divided into two equal parts or four equal parts or more. Further, each section does not necessarily have to be divided into the same length, and each section may have a different length. Further, the patterns to be displayed are not limited to numbers, but may be various patterns such as symbols and characters.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the subject answers the numbers displayed on the screen of the monitor 12 using the keyboard 13 (step 6). At this time, the subject
The user answers by pressing the numeric keys “0” to “9” corresponding to the numbers “0” to “9” displayed on the screen. In the present embodiment, considering that the subject needs to gaze at the screen when the numbers are displayed, all three numbers are answered when the moving display in one direction ends. If the pattern to be displayed is something other than a number, the type of each pattern may be associated with the number on the numeric keypad in advance and notified to the subject. In addition, for convenience of operation, it is desirable to use a numeric keypad. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Is also good. Furthermore, the test subject may give a verbal answer, and the examiner may make a key input.

Next, the judgment section 112 compares the number answered by the subject with the number displayed on the screen, and judges whether the number is correct or not (step 7).

The measurement accuracy can be increased by repeating the processing described above. When particularly high accuracy is required, for example, the above processing is sequentially repeated in four directions for moving and displaying numbers, and 10
This is performed 40 times in total. The display may be changed in direction each time one measurement is completed, or may be changed in direction after repeating ten measurements in the same direction. Further, in the present embodiment, the display is moved and displayed in four directions from left to right, right to left, top to bottom, and bottom to top, but is moved and displayed in a total of eight directions including four diagonal directions. Is also good. By adding four oblique directions, it is possible to evaluate the difference in clear vision ability due to the difference in direction in more detail. Furthermore, the number of times of measurement is not limited to 40, and may be changed as needed.

In order to make the subject fully understand the contents of the measurement, the practice may be performed several times before the actual measurement. For example, in the first training, the moving speed of the numbers is displayed at an extremely low speed, so that the user understands that the numbers change during the movement. The moving speed is gradually increased as the number of exercises advances, and is repeated until the moving speed coincides with the moving speed in the actual measurement. By this practice, the subject can fully understand the contents of the measurement, and the difference in the measured value based on the experience difference between the subject who measures for the first time and the subject who does not do so is less likely to occur, and more accurate evaluation is possible. Become.

After the above-described 40 measurements have been completed, the process proceeds to a measurement result display process. FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart showing the contents of the measurement result display processing shown in the flowchart of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the measurement result display processing, first, reference data is read from a storage medium such as a hard disk or an optical disk. Here, the reference data is obtained by classifying data measured in the past by the visual ability measuring device 1 based on age, gender, and the like, and storing the data. Specifically, the age of the subject input during the measurement,
Reference data corresponding to gender and the like and averaged for each direction is read in for use in performance determination described later.

Next, the number of correct answers and the score are calculated for each direction based on the result of the judgment made by the above-mentioned judging section 112. In the present embodiment, when one number is correctly answered, one point is taken as one point, and a score is calculated using a maximum of 30 points (three numbers × 10 times) in one direction. In this way, the number of correct answers and the scores are calculated for all four directions, and the results are compared with the reference data.

The above-mentioned judgment of the results is, for example, an evaluation A when a result superior to the reference data is obtained in all directions, an evaluation B when only some of the directions are inferior to the reference data, and a reference data for all directions. In the case of a poorer grade, the evaluation C is made. In addition to the result judgment, the measurement results in all directions and the reference data are simultaneously displayed on the monitor 1 using the radar graph.
2 is displayed on the screen.

Finally, the measurement results are stored in a storage medium and, if necessary, used as reference data in other measurements.

[0031]

EXAMPLES Examples and comparative examples are shown below to further clarify the features of the present invention.

(Example 1) 9 males and females from 16 to 63 years old
For five people, the numbers were moved in four directions (from bottom to top, from top to bottom, from right to left, from left to right), and 10 measurements were performed in each direction, for a total of 40 measurements. The moving speed of the numbers was constant and 60 degrees / second. The monitor screen was divided into three equal parts in each direction, and three different numbers were displayed in each of the three equalized sections, and the subjects were asked to answer those numbers. The measurement results were evaluated by the number of correct answers for all three numbers out of 10 measurements in each direction.

FIG. 5 shows the results of the measurement in each direction as described above, as the average value of the subjects. As shown in FIG. 5, the number of correct answers for all three numbers was the largest in the left-to-right direction, which was followed by the right-to-left direction. Compared to these horizontal movements, the direction from the bottom to the top and the direction from the top to the bottom resulted in a lower accuracy rate. As described above, it has been found that the target moving in the horizontal direction is relatively easy to see, and the target moving in the vertical direction is difficult to see clearly, despite moving at the same speed and the same distance. This is probably due to the fact that eye movements in the horizontal direction are performed more often than in the vertical direction in daily life, and one of the reasons is that the eye movements in the horizontal direction are unconsciously trained in daily life. As is apparent from the present embodiment, when the apparatus according to the present invention is configured to move the pattern also on the screen in the vertical direction, more detailed measurement can be performed compared to a conventional apparatus that only moves in the horizontal direction. An assessment can be made.

FIG. 6 illustrates the relationship between the correct answer rate and the age when the number moves from left to right in the present embodiment. As shown in FIG.
It was found that the peak was around 0 years old, and thereafter the correct answer rate tended to gradually decrease with aging. There was also a difference between men and women, with males having a higher correct answer rate.

(Example 2) For a total of 155 men and women of elementary school second, fourth and sixth grade students and university students, the numbers were moved in only one direction from left to right, and ten measurements were made. Other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

FIG. 7 shows the results of the measurement as described above as average values for each subject's grade and gender. As shown in FIG. 6, it was found that the correct answer rate tended to increase substantially as the grade level increased. This result indicates that DVA dynamic visual acuity is in a developmental process at least until college. In addition, there was a difference between males and females for each grade, with the exception of male fourth graders, males had higher correct answers. The reason why women performed better in fourth grade may reflect the fact that women grow faster than men at this age.

(Comparative Example 1) DVA dynamic visual acuity was measured with a conventional apparatus (HI-10) and the apparatus of the present invention for a total of 93 subjects, 59 men and 34 women. The conventional device is to project and move the Landolt ring from left to right on the concave screen as described above,
The speed was gradually reduced from the initial speed of 40 revolutions / minute, and the speed at which the break in the Landolt ring was recognized was taken as the measured value.
Further, the measurement of the apparatus of the present invention was performed under the same conditions as in Example 2.

FIG. 8 shows the result of comparing the measured values obtained by the two devices. As shown in FIG. 8, it was found that the measured values of the apparatus of the present invention and the conventional apparatus show a high correlation with a correlation coefficient of 0.616. This demonstrates that the use of the apparatus according to the present invention makes it possible to measure the DVA dynamic visual acuity with at least the same reliability as the conventional apparatus.

[0039]

As described above, according to the present invention, the type of the pattern displayed on the screen is changed during the movement, and the subject must answer the changed type of the pattern. Therefore, in order to obtain a high accuracy rate, eye movement is inevitably involved, and DVA dynamic visual acuity can be measured more accurately. In addition, since it can be configured with existing hardware and software such as a personal computer, anyone can easily measure. Furthermore, by repeatedly using the apparatus according to the present invention, improvement in DVA dynamic visual acuity can be expected, and the improvement in the ability can be realized as a change in the measurement result.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a visual ability measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart showing an example of a DVA moving object visual acuity measuring process performed by the visual ability measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart showing the contents of a measurement result display process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of displaying numbers by moving them from left to right on a monitor screen in the visual ability measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing measurement results for Example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the correct answer rate and age for Example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing measurement results for Example 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing a correlation between measurement results of an example of the present invention and a comparative example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 visual ability measuring device 11 computer main body 12 monitor 13 keyboard 111 control unit 112 determination unit

Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Akio Toshima 17 Kyoto Research Park Science Center Building, Kansai New Technology Research Institute, 17 Kyoto, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture (72) Inventor Hirokazu Onoe, Kyoto, Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 17 Konancho Kyoto Research Park Science Center Building Kansai New Technology Laboratory Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A pattern display means for displaying a selected pattern on a screen, and:
A visual ability measuring device comprising: a control means for moving and displaying one pattern in a certain direction, and changing and displaying a different type of pattern at one or two or more locations during movement. 2. The visual ability measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the direction in which the control means can move the pattern is at least one of horizontal, vertical, and oblique directions. 3. An input means for the subject to answer the type of the pattern displayed on the pattern display means, the type of the pattern input by the input means, and the type of the pattern displayed on the pattern display means A visual ability measuring device, further comprising: a determination unit configured to determine whether the data is correct or not. 4. A program for causing a computer to execute a procedure in which one pattern is moved on a screen in a fixed direction and displayed, and one or more moving parts are changed to a different type of pattern and displayed. A computer-readable recording medium on which is recorded.