JP2000233171A - Method and apparatus for treating material to be treated by using vertical axis rotary heat treatment furnace - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for treating material to be treated by using vertical axis rotary heat treatment furnaceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000233171A JP2000233171A JP11033681A JP3368199A JP2000233171A JP 2000233171 A JP2000233171 A JP 2000233171A JP 11033681 A JP11033681 A JP 11033681A JP 3368199 A JP3368199 A JP 3368199A JP 2000233171 A JP2000233171 A JP 2000233171A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat treatment
- treated
- rotary
- treatment furnace
- processed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000000382 dechlorinating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 23
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000031 sodium sesquicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000018341 sodium sesquicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- WCTAGTRAWPDFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;hydrogen carbonate;carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OC([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O WCTAGTRAWPDFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940086066 potassium hydrogencarbonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- VLYFRFHWUBBLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium;sodium;carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O VLYFRFHWUBBLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001341 alkaline earth metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004045 organic chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101100316860 Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus DA18 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NYMLRYRVOGDKEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M C(=O)(O)OC(=O)OC(=O)[O-].[Na+] Chemical compound C(=O)(O)OC(=O)OC(=O)[O-].[Na+] NYMLRYRVOGDKEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001625808 Trona Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000001465 calcium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 calcium silicate) Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006298 dechlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- HDFXRQJQZBPDLF-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O HDFXRQJQZBPDLF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012629 purifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、廃棄物などの被処
理物を加熱処理する処理方法と処理装置に関し、特に、
縦軸回転加熱炉を備え、加熱処理により発生する排ガス
の無害化と残渣の無害化ができ、且つ少量の被処理物の
処理に適した処理方法および処理装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】被処理物を加熱処理する場合に、回転ド
ラム（ロータリーキルン）内に被処理物を挿入して、回
転ドラム内を加熱しながら移動して処理することが一般
的に行われている。また、加熱のみならず冷却について
も回転ドラム内で行われている（例えば、特開平９−６
８３０５号）。
【０００３】被処理物としては、有機性物質（例えば、
有機塩素化合物等）を含む物質，汚泥，焼却灰，バグフ
ィルタ用処理剤，セメントクリンカー原料等で、これら
の被処理物を回転ドラム（ロータリーキルン）内に搬入
し、加熱目的、例えば、乾燥，脱塩素処理，乾留，炭
化，灰化，焼成等に適合した温度と時間で加熱して目的
の処理を行っている。
【０００４】産業廃棄物や一般廃棄物等の各種廃棄物は
多量の有機性物質を含有しており、これを被処理物とし
て加熱処理すると、各種の有害物質（例えば、塩化水
素，ダイオキシン類）が析出して排ガス中に含まれてい
ることは広く知られている。従って、この排ガスを大気
中にそのまま排出することはできないので、大気中に排
出する前段階で排ガスの浄化処理を行うこと（排出の抑
制）が一般に行われる。
【０００５】この排ガスの浄化装置として一般的な装置
として、特開平８−１０８０２６号などに示されている
バグフィルタ装置がある。この装置は、排ガスの浄化剤
として消石灰を使用して排ガス中の塩化水素，ダイオキ
シン類を除去するようにしている。
【０００６】また、加熱処理により多量に発生した塩化
水素は、苛性ソーダなどで中和するか、塩酸にして回収
することも一般に行われている。
【０００７】しかし、排ガス処理のための、バグフィル
タで使用した消石灰粉末、排ガス中の飛灰，焼却残渣
（焼却灰等）などの、排ガス以外の物にも塩素系ガス成
分は付着・吸着されて、猛毒のダイオキシン類を生成し
てしまうことが知られている。
【０００８】また、加熱処理炉を縦形にして固定し、被
処理物を上部より投入し、下部より排出するものも、例
えば特開平９−２７２８７７号等で知られている。
【０００９】一方、本願の出願人は、ハロゲン物質であ
る有機塩素化合物（塩化水素）が、従来の「排出の抑
制」でなく、「発生の抑制」を行うことで、塩化水素な
どの有害物質の発生を抑制し、排ガスの無害化と残渣の
無害化、塩素による処理装置の損傷の低減を行うことを
提案している。
【００１０】即ち、被処理物にアルカリ物質を添加混合
して所定の温度で加熱することで塩化水素を分解析出さ
せると同時に、添加混合しているアルカリ物質と接触反
応させて無害な塩化物に置換生成する技術を見出し、既
に、特開平９−１５５３２６号，特開平１０−４３７１
３号，特開平１０−２３５１８６号，特開平１０−２３
５１８７号などで提案し、更に、脱塩素剤を多孔質化し
て接触反応する面積を増加させて反応効果を高めた脱塩
素剤も提案している（特願平１０−１９３８４４号）。
【００１１】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】一般に、ロータリーキ
ルン方式による加熱処理装置は、回転ドラム（回転円筒
体）を一方向に回転させることで被処理物を回転させな
がら供給口側から排出口側に搬送し、その間において、
所定の加熱温度および加熱時間を制御して目的に応じた
加熱処理を行っている。
【００１２】このときの加熱時間の制御は、回転ドラム
の回転数を増減変更することで搬送時間を制御するか、
又は回転ドラムの傾斜角度を変えることで、被処理物の
搬送速度を増減して、処理時間を調整している。
【００１３】しかし、回転ドラム（回転炉）による方法
は、連続処理が基本であり、被処理物を大量に準備する
必要がある。よって、毎日の被処理物の収集量が少ない
とか、被処理物の収集が安定しない場合には適さない。
【００１４】即ち、被処理物が一定量以上あるが、毎日
の安定した運転には不足する場合に、回転ドラムを断続
的に運転すると、設備投資の割には処理効果が期待でき
ないことになる。従って、従来のロータリーキルン方式
には、次の課題がある。
【００１５】（１）被処理物の質的変動を勘案すれば、
被処理物を処理目的に応じて安定に十分・確実に処理す
ることには限界があった。
【００１６】（２）また、このようなことから、回転ド
ラムは、被処理物に対応した一定の長さが必要となり、
設置スペースは大きいものが必要となる。
【００１７】（３）しかも、被処理物に応じた各種長さ
の回転ドラムを準備する必要があり、準備する煩雑さが
ある。
【００１８】（４）更には、長尺の回転ドラムの場合に
は、加熱による熱膨張（特に、軸方向の）を考慮する必
要があり、シールの確保など各種の対策を考慮しておく
必要があり、熱対策設計が複雑なものになる問題があ
る。
【００１９】このように、長尺の回転ドラムを用いる場
合には、解決しなければならない種々の課題が山積して
いるのが現状である。
【００２０】（５）また、脱塩素剤を添加して加熱処理
によって無害化処理する場合、反応環境（脱塩素剤との
混合状態、反応時間など）の確保が重要なポイントであ
り、処理中に一時的に反応不足が生じる場合が発生す
る。このような場合の対策として、ドラム回転数を減速
をさせて反応環境を確保することが考えられるが、被処
理物は前進しており、回転数の減速による対策のみでは
限界がある。
【００２１】本発明は、このような課題を解決するため
になされたもので、回転加熱処理炉で被処理物の断続運
転処理（バッチ処理）に適した被処理物の加熱処理手段
を提供することを目的とする。
【００２２】
【課題を解決するための手段】廃棄物等の被処理物を加
熱処理する場合、一般的にロータリーキルン方式で処理
されている。しかし、この方式は、連続加熱処理が基本
であり、被処理物が比較的少ないか、又は被処理物の量
が一定しない場合には適さない。
【００２３】また、小規模処理施設では、ダイオキシン
類の除去が困難であるという課題がある。
【００２４】そこで、発明者は種々調査研究の結果、縦
軸回転する加熱処理炉で、少量の被処理物の加熱処理を
計画的（通常勤務の８時間以内の処理）に処理できるこ
とを見い出し、上記の課題を解決した。
【００２５】本発明において上記の課題を解決するため
の手段は、加熱処理炉で有機物質を含有する廃棄物など
の被処理物を加熱して、分解ガスと残渣の減容物を生成
し、分解ガスは処理して大気中に放出し、減容化物は回
収して再利用又は減容化する被処理物の処理方法におい
て、前記加熱処理炉を縦軸回転する回転加熱処理炉で形
成し、該回転加熱処理炉の上部から被処理物と脱塩素剤
の混合物を投入して、低酸素雰囲気中で回転撹拌しなが
ら少なくとも、被処理物から有害物質が分解析出する温
度（２００℃〜３５０℃）で加熱し、析出した有害物
と、混合又は添加した脱塩素剤とを接触反応させて無害
な物質に置換生成することで無害化し、無害化した被処
理物を回転加熱処理炉の下部から排出するようにする。
【００２６】このように処理することで、小規模施設で
も公害の問題を生ずることなく確実に処理できる。
【００２７】そして、無害化した被処理物は、処理目的
に応じた温度で減容化する。即ち、プラスチックを減容
化して燃料として再利用する場合、又は炭化物にして再
利用に供する場合、又は灰化して処理する場合等、それ
ぞれの処理目的に沿った加熱温度で加熱して減容化し、
無害化された残渣を回転加熱処理炉の下部から取り出
す。
【００２８】被処理物に添加，混合する脱塩素剤は、多
孔質処理した粉体、又は多孔質処理しないアルカリ物質
の粉体から成り、多孔質処理しない塩素剤は、加熱によ
り被処理物から分解析出する有害成分と反応して無害な
塩化物を生成するアルカリ金属，アルカリ金属化合物，
アルカリ土類化合物，アルカリ土類金属化合物に含まれ
る物質の中から少なくとも１種類を選択、又は２種以上
を混合したものからなり、アルカリ金属化合物は、炭酸
水素ナトリウム，炭酸ナトリウム，セスキ炭酸ナトリウ
ム，天然ソーダ，炭酸カリウム，炭酸水素カリウム，炭
酸ナトリウムカリウム，水酸化ナトリウム，水酸化カリ
ウムから選択した単体、複数種の混合物を含む。
【００２９】また、多孔質処理したアルカリ物質の脱塩
素剤は、加熱により分離飛散する気化成分を含有し、且
つ有害成分と反応して無害な塩類を生成するアルカリ物
質体からなり、該アルカリ物質体を加熱してアルカリ物
質体に含有する気化成分を分離除去することで多孔質化
し表面積が増加した粉体からなり、アルカリ金属化合物
に含まれる物質の中から少なくとも１種類を選択、又は
２種以上を混合したものを使用する。このアルカリ金属
化合物は、炭酸水素ナトリウム，セスキ炭酸ナトリウ
ム，炭酸水素カリウムから選択した単体、複数種の混合
物を含む。
【００３０】また、処理装置としては、次のように構成
する。即ち、加熱処理炉で有機性物質を含有する廃棄物
などの被処理物を加熱して、分解ガスと残渣の減容物を
生成し、分解ガスは処理して大気中に放出し、減容化物
は回収して再利用又は減容化する被処理物の処理装置に
おいて、縦軸回転する加熱処理炉からなる回転加熱処理
炉と、この回転加熱処理炉の上部に設置され、被処理物
と脱塩素剤との混合物を回転加熱処理炉に供給する被処
理物供給手段と、前記回転加熱処理炉の下部に設置さ
れ、回転加熱処理炉で加熱処理された処理物を排出する
残渣排出手段と、前記回転加熱処理炉の軸心部を上，下
に貫通し、回転加熱処理炉の外部で支持した支持軸から
なり、回転加熱処理炉の内部に位置する支持軸に複数枚
の羽根を設けて被処理物の撹拌を助勢する撹拌補助手段
とで構成する。
【００３１】そして、被処理物供給手段の被処理物の供
給部と、回転加熱処理炉の投入部との連結部に外気の侵
入を防止するシールを設けて、回転加熱処理炉内の低酸
素雰囲気を保つようにする。
【００３２】また、回転加熱処理炉の加熱手段は、外部
加熱によるガス加熱、誘導加熱、マイクロ波加熱のいず
れか、又は組み合わせにより実現できる。
【００３３】また、回転加熱処理炉を回転自在に支持す
る手段は、回転加熱処理炉の上部に回転支持部と回転駆
動部を備え、下部に回転ガイド部を設けて振れを防止す
るように支持する。
【００３４】また、回転加熱処理炉内には、被処理物を
撹拌する羽根を、周方向および軸方向に複数板設ける。
【００３５】この撹拌する羽根によって、被処理物が羽
根と共に廻ってしまうと、被処理物の撹拌はできなくな
るので、撹拌補助手段の羽根を有する支持軸を固定する
か、又は回転加熱処理炉の回転と反対方向にゆっくり回
転して被処理物が回転ドラムに追従するのを抑制して被
処理物の撹拌を助勢するようにする。
【００３６】回転加熱処理炉で加熱処理した被処理物
（残渣）は、回転加熱処理炉の排出部と残渣排出手段の
残渣導入部との連結部に、開閉部材を設けて、加熱処理
中は閉じ、排出時に開いて排出管に残渣を排出するよう
にする。
【００３７】
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
によって説明する。
【００３８】図１は本発明の縦軸回転する加熱処理炉を
備えた処理装置の基本構成の概念図を示す。基本的な構
成は、回転加熱処理炉１０，被処理物と脱塩素剤の混合
物を供給する被処理物供給手段２０，回転加熱処理炉１
０で加熱処理した処理後の残渣を排出する残渣排出手段
３０および被処理物を効果的に撹拌するための撹拌補助
手段４０によって構成される。
【００３９】回転加熱処理炉１０は、漏斗状で、その筒
口を下にして回転自在に支持された回転ドラム１１と、
該回転ドラム１１の上部を回転自在に支持する回転支持
部１２と、回転ドラム１１の下部をガイドする回転ガイ
ド部１３と、回転ドラム１１の外側から内部を加熱する
加熱手段１４とで形成されている。
【００４０】回転ドラム１１の上部は閉塞板１１ａで閉
塞され、その中央部に開口１１ｂおよび開口１１ｂを覆
う筒状の被処理物を投入する投入部１１ｃを有し、下部
の筒口部には排出部１１ｄを形成し、また内部には撹拌
用の羽根１１ｅが周方向及び軸方向に複数板設けられて
いる。
【００４１】また、回転支持部１２は、回転ドラム１１
の上部に設けた鍔状の回転支持部材１２ａと、該回転支
持部材１２ａを下から回転自在に支持する支持ローラ１
２ｂと、回転ドラム１１を回転駆動する駆動モータ１２
ｃ、該駆動モータ１２ｃの動力を回転支持部材１２ａに
伝達する歯車１２ｄよりなる。
【００４２】なお、１２ｅは、支持ローラ１２ｂおよび
駆動モータ１２ｃを支持する固定部を示す。
【００４３】回転ガイド部１３は、回転ドラム１１の下
部の外周の適宜の場所に設けられたガイドローラ１３ａ
から成り、回転ドラム１１の振れを防止する。このガイ
ドローラ１３ａは、固定部１３ｂに回転自在に取り付け
られている。
【００４４】加熱手段１４は、回転ドラム１１の外側の
円筒体外周と、筒口に至る傾斜部に設けられ、加熱源は
熱ガスによる加熱、誘導加熱、マイクロ波加熱のいずれ
か、又はこれらの組み合わせによる。ガス加熱の場合
は、回転ドラム１１の外周に加熱ジャケットを形成し、
その中に熱ガスを送り込む。
【００４５】また、誘導加熱およびマイクロ波加熱の場
合は、図１に示してあるように加熱コイル１４ａを設け
る。
【００４６】被処理物供給手段２０は、回転ドラム１１
の上部に設けた筒状の投入部１１ｃに嵌合する供給部２
１を有し、横方向に向けて設置された被処理物の搬入管
２２と、該搬入管２２の中程に設けられたホッパ２３
と、ホッパ２３より外側で搬入管２２内に設けられ、ホ
ッパ２３から供給された被処理物を供給部２１側に押し
て搬入するプッシャー２４ａを有する投入装置２４，お
よび回転加熱処理炉内の排ガスを取り出す排ガス導出管
２５により形成されている。
【００４７】なお、図中Ｓ1はメカニカルシールで、投
入部１１ｃとの回転接触部に設けられている。
【００４８】また、残渣排出手段３０は、一端が回転ド
ラム１１の排出部１１ｄに連通し、加熱処理後の残渣を
残渣導入部３１から導入して排出口３２に取り出す排出
管３３、この排出管３３の中途に設けられたロータリー
バルブ３４および残渣導入部３１を開閉する開閉部材３
５からなり、この開閉部材３５は操作シリンダー３６で
上下動され、残渣導入部３１を開閉する。図中Ｓ2はメ
カニカルシールを示す。
【００４９】撹拌補助手段４０は、支持軸４１からな
り、該支持軸４１は、搬入管２２の供給部２１部分の上
部から、回転ドラ１１の投入部１１ｃ，回転ドラム１１
の軸心および開閉部材３５を貫通して上，下の固定部材
４２，４３に取り付けられ、回転ドラム１１内に位置す
る部分に、被処理物に接触する羽根４４を周方向及び軸
方向に複数枚設けてなる。
【００５０】回転加熱処理炉１０の回転ドラムに羽根を
設けて、回転ドラムを回転したとき、回転ドラム内に投
入された被処理物は、回転ドラムとともに廻り、被処理
物は羽根によって撹拌されなくなる可能性がある。そこ
で、羽根を有する支持軸を固定するか、又は回転ドラム
と反対方向にゆるやかに回転するなどにより、撹拌を助
勢する必要がある。
【００５１】なお、この支持軸４１は、中空として回転
ドラム内の部分に孔をあけ、排ガス導出管として利用
し、排ガス導出管２５を無くするようにしてもよい。
【００５２】次に、一般廃棄物等の被処理物を無害化処
理する場合の一連の動作について説明する。
【００５３】まず、投入装置２４のプッシャー２４ａの
位置および残渣排出手段３０の開閉部材３５を図の位置
の状態とし、回転ドラム１１を加熱手段１４で加熱した
状態（又は、被処理物投入後加熱）で回転し、次に、ホ
ッパ２３から破砕した被処理物と脱塩素剤の混合物を投
入する。この混合物は搬入管２２に入り、投入装置２４
のプッシャー２４ａで供給部２１まで送り込まれ供給部
２１から、回転ドラム１１内に搬入される。所定の量
（一点鎖線）が搬入された後、プッシャー２４ａでホッ
パ２３の出口を塞ぎ、回転ドラム１１内を大気から遮断
する。（ホッパ２３の出口に開閉板があるときは、元に
戻してもよい。）
そして、加熱手段１４で被処理物が乾燥し、次に被処理
物から塩化水素等の有害物質が析出する温度と時間（２
５０℃〜３５０℃、１５分〜３０分程度）で加熱処理す
る。なお、この加熱温度と時間は、被処理物の性質、処
理量、加熱処理炉の状態（性能、大きさ、加熱手段等の
炉に依存する条件）などに関係するので、事前に調査な
どを十分に行って、データ取りし、データを蓄積してお
くことが重要である。
【００５４】このときの加熱処理は、低酸素雰囲気中で
の蒸し焼き、熱分解での処理となり、熱分解により、Ｈ
Ｃｌ等の有害成分が分解析出するが、被処理物に混入し
た脱塩素剤と、即接触反応して、後述するように無害化
される。
【００５５】即ち、上記の被処理物と混合又は添加する
脱塩素剤は、少なくともＨＣｌ（塩化水素）と接触反応
して無害な塩化物を生成するアルカリ物質を使用する。
例えば、本願の出願人が先に出願した特開平９−１５５
３２６号，特開平１０−４３７３１号，特開平１０−２
３５１８６号，特開平１０−２３５１８７号に示すよう
に、アルカリ土類金属，アルカリ土類金属化合物，アル
カリ金属，アルカリ金属化合物で、具体的には、カルシ
ウム、石灰、消石灰、炭酸カルシウム、ドロマイト、珪
酸塩（珪酸カルシウムなど）、炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭
酸ナトリウム、セスキ炭酸ナトリウム、天然ソーダ、水
酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、炭酸水素カリウム、
炭酸カリウムの中から１種類選択するか、数種類混合し
て使用する。これらの脱塩素剤は、被処理物に対して５
〜３０重量％を混合又は添加して使用する。
【００５６】または、本願の出願人が先に出願した特願
平１０−１９３８４４号に示す多孔質化したアルカリ物
質（多孔質脱塩素剤）を使用する。多孔質化は、気化成
分（Ｏ，Ｈ，ＣＯ，ＣＯ2等）を含有するアルカリ物質
を加熱して含有する気化成分をＨ2Ｏ，ＣＯ2として蒸発
分離し、この分離飛散によりアルカリ物質体に貫通孔，
凹部（穴）を形成することで多孔質化したものである。
この多孔質化により表面積が増加し、発生ガスとの接触
面積が増大する。この多孔質脱塩素剤を被処理物に対し
て５〜３０重量％を混合又は添加して使用する。
【００５７】上記のアルカリ物質体は、気化成分を含有
し、且つ有害成分と反応して無害な塩類を生成するアル
カリ金属化合物に含まれる物質の中から少なくとも１種
類を選択、又は２種以上を混合したものから成る。
【００５８】そして、このアルカリ金属化合物は、炭酸
水素ナトリウム、セスキ炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸水素カリ
ウムから選択した単体、複数種の混合物による。
【００５９】なお、炭酸水素ナトリウム（ＮａＨＣ
Ｏ3）は、別称として、酸性炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸ナ
トリウム、重炭酸ソーダと称され、更には俗称として、
重曹とも称されている。
【００６０】セスキ炭酸ナトリウム（Ｎａ2ＣＯ3・Ｎａ
ＨＣＯ3・２Ｈ2Ｏ）は、別称として、二炭酸−水素ナト
リウム、三二炭酸水素ナトリウム、ナトリウムセスキカ
ーボネートと称され、天然にはトロナ（天然ソーダ）と
して産出する。
【００６１】上記のアルカリ物質の化合物において、ア
ルカリ物質以外の気化成分を加熱蒸発させると孔質化
し、その表面が増大すること、およびこのアルカリ物質
と有害な塩化水素と反応して無害な塩類に置換生成され
て有害成分が無害化されることは下記の反応式により明
らかとなっている。
【００６２】炭酸水素ナトリウム（ＮａＨＣＯ3）の場
合
加熱による多孔質化処理すると、
ＮａＨＣＯ3→Ｎａ2ＣＯ3＋Ｈ2Ｏ＋ＣＯ2
となりＨ2Ｏ，ＣＯ2は分離飛散して多孔質化したＮａ2
ＣＯ3となる。これが有害成分の塩化水素と反応する
と、
Ｎａ2ＣＯ3＋２ＨＣｌ→２ＮａＣｌ＋Ｈ2Ｏ＋ＣＯ2
となりＨ2Ｏ，ＣＯ2が分離し、無害な塩類（２ＮａＣ
ｌ）となる。
【００６３】同様に炭酸水素カリウム、セスキ炭酸ナト
リウムは、次のようになる。
【００６４】炭酸水素カリウム（ＫＨＣＯ3）の場合
加熱による多孔化処理すると、
ＫＨＣＯ3→ＫＣＯ3＋Ｈ2Ｏ＋ＣＯ2
塩化水素との反応は、
ＫＣＯ3＋２ＨＣｌ→２ＫＣｌ＋Ｈ2Ｏ＋ＣＯ2
セスキ炭酸ナトリウム（Ｎａ2ＣＯ3・ＮａＨＣＯ3・２
Ｈ2Ｏ）の場合
加熱による多孔化処理すると、
２（Ｎａ2ＣＯ3・ＮａＨＣＯ3・２Ｈ2Ｏ）→３Ｎａ2Ｃ
Ｏ3＋５Ｈ2Ｏ＋ＣＯ2
塩化水素との反応は、
Ｎａ2ＣＯ3＋２ＨＣｌ→２ＮａＣｌ＋Ｈ2Ｏ＋ＣＯ2
この多孔質化処理した脱塩素剤が、表面積が増加して、
被処理物から分解析出した塩素系ガスとの接触面積が増
大し、反応して新たな塩類を生成する効果が増加する。
このように、回転加熱処理炉内においてＨＣｌ成分の分
解ガスが発生するが、例えば、上記の炭酸水素ナトリウ
ム（ＮａＨＣＯ3）を使用した場合、直ちに炭酸水素ナ
トリウムと反応して（ＮａＯＨ）＋（ＨＣｌ）→（Ｎａ
Ｃｌ）＋（Ｈ2Ｏ）となり、無害な塩化ナトリウム（Ｎ
ａＣｌ）を生成し、分解ガスから有害なＨＣｌが無くな
る。このことによって、分解ガス中のＨＣｌ成分の無害
化と残渣の無害化が同時に行われる。
【００６５】次に、有害物質が析出し、無害化されたこ
とを見計らって、これより高い温度で処理目的に合った
加熱処理をする。
【００６６】例えば、廃プラスチックを減容化して燃料
等に利用する場合は、被処理物が炭化する直前でプラス
チック等が減容化が進む程度（３５０℃〜４００℃）、
又は被処理物を炭化する場合は炭化する温度（紙類は３
５０℃程度で炭化が始まる。）３５０℃〜７００℃に好
ましくは６００℃で１５分間加熱して炭化処理し、更に
は、灰化する場合は、灰化する８００℃以上で２０分程
度加熱して灰化処理し減容化する。
【００６７】処理目的の加熱処理が終わった後は、残渣
排出手段３０の開閉部材３５を操作シリンダー３６によ
り、下方に移動させて排出管３３から排出する。全部排
出した後、プッシャ４４ａおよび開閉部材３５を図１の
状態に戻し、上記の動作を繰り返す。
【００６８】加熱処理された排出物には、減容化した被
処理物と、反応後の無害な塩化物（例えば、塩化ナトリ
ウム）が含まれるが、塩化物は水に溶解して取り除き、
残りの脱塩素したプラスチック，炭化物，灰化物等の固
形物を取り出して物性に応じて再利用に供する。
【００６９】一方、加熱処理中に発生した排ガス（分解
ガス、乾留ガス）は、排ガス導出管２５より排出され
る。
【００７０】この排ガスには、塩化水素などの有害成分
は、回転加熱処理炉１０における反応処理によって基本
的には除去されているが、何等から事由により反応仕切
れず排ガス中に残存する可能性もある。また、タール等
の可燃性分も含まれているので、ガス燃焼手段等により
燃焼した後、排ガス冷却手段で、バグフィルタの耐熱許
容温度以下に下げて、バグフィルタで清浄して煙突等か
ら排出する。
【００７１】また、反応処理で反応しきれないときは、
追加脱塩素剤供給手段Ａを設けて適宜脱塩素剤を供給す
る。
【００７２】図２は図１の構成を模式化した模式図で、
図１と同じ手段には、これと同一の符号を付してある。
【００７３】図３は、図１に示す基本の加熱処理装置に
より、効率的な加熱処理施設を実現した場合の模式図を
示す。同図において、図１と同じ手段の部分には、これ
と同一の符号を付してある。
【００７４】この実施例は、加熱手段として熱ガスを使
用した場合で、５０は熱ガス発生手段で、ＬＮＧやＬＰ
Ｇの燃料を燃焼して熱ガスを発生し、回転加熱処理炉１
０の回転ドラムの外周に設けた加熱ジャケットに導入し
て回転ドラム内の被処理物を加熱する。
【００７５】残渣排出手段３０から排出された排出物
（残渣等）は、溶解槽５１で受け、この溶解槽５１内で
減容化された被処理物，反応後の脱塩素剤（塩化ナトリ
ウム）を水に溶解し、水に溶解した塩化ナトリウムを排
水処理手段５２に排出し、残りの固形物は脱水手段５３
で脱水してこれを乾燥手段５４で乾燥し、プラスチッ
ク，炭化物等の固形物を取り出す。取り出され固形物
は、物性に応じて分別して、再利用に供する。
【００７６】一方、排ガス（分解ガス，乾留ガス）は、
ガス導出管５５を介してガス燃焼手段５６に送り込み、
ここで燃焼させる。
【００７７】この排ガスには、塩化水素などの有害成分
は、反応処理によって基本的には除去されているが、何
等かの事由により反応しきれず排ガス中に残存する可能
性もある。また、タール等の可燃性分も含まれているの
で、ガス燃焼手段５６で燃焼した後、排ガス冷却手段５
７で、バグフィルタ５８の耐熱許容温度以下に下げて、
バグフィルタ５８で清浄して煙突等から排出する。
【００７８】また、加熱手段として熱ガスを使用した場
合は、回転ドラムを加熱した後でも、熱ガスは比較的高
温に保たれているので、この熱をガス管５９を介して乾
燥手段５４の乾燥用の熱源とし使用した後、排ガス冷却
手段５７で冷却して排出する。
【００７９】なお、排ガス冷却手段５７での冷却は残存
熱を熱交換器等により、熱を利用することで冷却すれ
ば、熱の有効利用が図れる。また、空気を混入すること
で、冷却するようにしてもよい。
【００８０】またガス燃焼手段５６を設けるこなく、発
生した排ガスを熱ガス発生手段５０に導入して燃料とと
もに燃焼させ、熱ガス発生に利用してもよい。
【００８１】
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明は、加熱処理手段を
縦軸回転する加熱処理炉とし、上部に被処理物供給手段
を、下部に残渣排出手段を配設する構成としたので、次
に効果を奏する。
【００８２】（１）少量の被処理物の処理を計画的（通
常勤務の８時間以内の処理）に処理できる。
【００８３】（２）被処理物量の少ない小規模施設で処
理を確実にできる。
【００８４】（３）被処理物の質的変動があっても、被
処理物を処理目的に応じて安定に十分・確実に処理する
ことができる。
【００８５】（４）被処理物の移動（キルンによる処理
など）がないので、反応環境（脱塩素との混合状態、反
応空間など）の確保が容易且つ十分に制御でき、脱塩素
剤と発生して塩化水素との触反応が効果的に行うことが
でき、排ガスの無害化、残渣の無害化が行える。
【００８６】（５）加熱処理装置の小形化ができ、施設
の設置スペースの縮小化ができる。
【００８７】（６）従って、無害な排ガスを得ることが
できるので、ダイオキシン類の生成はなく、２１世紀の
子孫に有益な環境と技術を伝えることができる。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for heat-treating an object such as waste,
The present invention relates to a processing method and a processing apparatus having a vertical axis rotary heating furnace, capable of detoxifying exhaust gas generated by heat treatment and detoxifying residues, and suitable for processing a small amount of an object to be processed. 2. Description of the Related Art Generally, when heat-treating an object to be processed, the object is inserted into a rotary drum (rotary kiln) and moved while heating the inside of the rotary drum. Is being done. Further, not only heating but also cooling is performed in the rotating drum (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-6 / 1997).
No. 8305). As an object to be treated, an organic substance (for example,
These substances, such as substances containing organic chlorine compounds, sludge, incineration ash, treatment agents for bag filters, raw materials for cement clinker, etc., are carried into a rotary drum (rotary kiln) for heating purposes, for example, drying and desorption. The target treatment is performed by heating at a temperature and time suitable for chlorination, dry distillation, carbonization, incineration, firing, etc. [0004] Various kinds of wastes such as industrial wastes and general wastes contain a large amount of organic substances. When this is heated as an object to be treated, various harmful substances (eg, hydrogen chloride, dioxins) are obtained. It is widely known that is precipitated and contained in exhaust gas. Therefore, since this exhaust gas cannot be directly discharged into the atmosphere, purification processing of the exhaust gas (suppression of discharge) is generally performed before discharging into the atmosphere. As a general exhaust gas purifying apparatus, there is a bag filter apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-108026. This apparatus uses slaked lime as a purifying agent for exhaust gas to remove hydrogen chloride and dioxins in the exhaust gas. [0006] Further, hydrogen chloride generated in a large amount by heat treatment is generally neutralized with caustic soda or recovered with hydrochloric acid. However, chlorine-based gas components are also adhered and adsorbed to substances other than exhaust gas, such as slaked lime powder used in bag filters, fly ash in the exhaust gas, and incineration residues (incinerated ash, etc.) for exhaust gas treatment. It is known that they produce highly toxic dioxins. Further, an apparatus in which a heat treatment furnace is fixed in a vertical shape and an object to be treated is charged from above and discharged from below is known, for example, from Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-272877. On the other hand, the applicant of the present application has proposed that an organic chlorine compound (hydrogen chloride), which is a halogen substance, performs "suppression of generation" instead of the conventional "suppression of emission", thereby producing harmful substances such as hydrogen chloride. It has been proposed to suppress the generation of waste gas, make the exhaust gas harmless, make the residue harmless, and reduce the damage of the treatment equipment due to chlorine. That is, an alkali substance is added to and mixed with an object to be treated and heated at a predetermined temperature to decompose and precipitate hydrogen chloride, and at the same time, contact with the added and mixed alkali substance to cause a harmless chloride. A technique for generating a replacement has been found, and has already been disclosed in JP-A-9-155326 and JP-A-10-4371.
3, JP-A-10-235186, JP-A-10-23
No. 5187, and the like, and a dechlorinating agent in which the dechlorinating agent is made porous to increase the contact reaction area to enhance the reaction effect is also proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 10-193844). [0011] Generally, a heat treatment apparatus of a rotary kiln system rotates an object to be processed by rotating a rotary drum (rotating cylindrical body) in one direction, and a discharge port from a supply port side. To the side, in the meantime,
A predetermined heating temperature and a predetermined heating time are controlled to perform a heat treatment according to the purpose. At this time, the heating time is controlled by increasing or decreasing the number of revolutions of the rotary drum to control the transport time.
Alternatively, the processing time is adjusted by changing the inclination angle of the rotating drum to increase or decrease the conveying speed of the object to be processed. However, the method using a rotary drum (rotary furnace) is based on continuous processing, and it is necessary to prepare a large number of objects to be processed. Therefore, it is not suitable when the collection amount of the object to be processed is small every day or when the collection of the object to be processed is unstable. [0014] That is, when the rotating drum is operated intermittently when the amount of the object to be processed is a certain amount or more but it is insufficient for stable operation every day, the processing effect cannot be expected for the capital investment. . Therefore, the conventional rotary kiln system has the following problems. (1) Taking into account the qualitative fluctuation of the object,
There is a limit in stably sufficiently and surely processing an object to be processed according to the purpose of processing. (2) In view of the above, the rotating drum needs to have a certain length corresponding to the object to be processed.
A large installation space is required. (3) In addition, it is necessary to prepare rotating drums of various lengths according to the object to be processed, and the preparation is complicated. (4) Further, in the case of a long rotating drum, it is necessary to consider thermal expansion (particularly in the axial direction) due to heating, and it is necessary to consider various measures such as securing a seal. However, there is a problem that the design for heat measures becomes complicated. As described above, in the case of using a long rotating drum, there are various problems to be solved at present. (5) When detoxification treatment is performed by adding a dechlorinating agent and performing heat treatment, it is important to ensure a reaction environment (mixing state with the dechlorinating agent, reaction time, etc.). In some cases, a shortage of reaction may occur temporarily. As a countermeasure in such a case, it is conceivable to secure the reaction environment by decelerating the rotation speed of the drum. However, the object to be processed is moving forward, and there is a limit only to the countermeasure by reducing the rotation speed. The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem, and provides a heat treatment means for an object suitable for intermittent operation processing (batch processing) of the object in a rotary heating furnace. The purpose is to: Means for Solving the Problems When heat-treating an object to be treated such as waste, it is generally processed by a rotary kiln method. However, this method is based on continuous heat treatment, and is not suitable when the amount of the object to be processed is relatively small or the amount of the object to be processed is not constant. Further, there is a problem that dioxins are difficult to remove in a small-scale treatment facility. Therefore, as a result of various investigations and researches, the inventor has found that a small amount of an object to be treated can be treated systematically (within eight hours of normal work) in a heating treatment furnace rotating on the vertical axis. The above problem has been solved. In the present invention, a means for solving the above-mentioned problems is to heat an object to be treated such as waste containing an organic substance in a heat treatment furnace to generate a decomposition gas and a reduced volume of a residue, The decomposition gas is treated and released into the atmosphere, and the reduced volume is recovered and reused or reduced. A mixture of the object to be treated and a dechlorinating agent is charged from the upper part of the rotary heat treatment furnace, and the temperature (200 ° C. (350 ° C.), and the deposited harmful substance is contacted with the mixed or added dechlorinating agent to be replaced with a harmless substance, thereby rendering the substance harmless. Discharge from the bottom. By performing such treatment, even small-scale facilities can be surely treated without causing a problem of pollution. The detoxified object is reduced in volume at a temperature suitable for the purpose of the treatment. In other words, when plastic is reduced in volume and reused as fuel, or when carbonized and reused, or when incinerated and processed, the volume is reduced by heating at a heating temperature that is appropriate for each processing purpose. ,
The detoxified residue is taken out from the lower part of the rotary heating furnace. The dechlorinating agent to be added to and mixed with the article to be treated is made of a porous-treated powder or a powder of an alkali substance that is not porous-treated. Alkali metals and alkali metal compounds that react with harmful components that decompose and precipitate to form harmless chlorides,
At least one selected from alkaline earth compounds and substances contained in alkaline earth metal compounds, or a mixture of two or more of them, wherein the alkali metal compound is sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, Including simple soda selected from natural soda, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and mixtures of multiple types. The porous-treated dechlorinating agent for an alkaline substance comprises an alkaline substance which contains a vaporized component which is separated and scattered by heating and which reacts with a harmful component to form harmless salts. The powder is made of a powder which is porous and has an increased surface area by heating and heating the body to separate and remove vaporized components contained in the alkali substance, and at least one kind is selected from the substances contained in the alkali metal compound, or two kinds. Use a mixture of the above. The alkali metal compound includes a simple substance selected from sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, and potassium hydrogen carbonate, and a mixture of plural kinds. The processing device is configured as follows. In other words, an object to be treated such as waste containing an organic substance is heated in a heat treatment furnace to generate a reduced volume of a decomposition gas and a residue, and the decomposition gas is processed and released into the atmosphere to reduce the volume. In a processing apparatus for processing the object to be recovered and reused or reduced in volume, a rotary heating processing furnace including a heating processing furnace that rotates in the vertical axis, and installed at an upper part of the rotary heating processing furnace, An object supply means for supplying a mixture with a dechlorinating agent to a rotary heating furnace; a residue discharging means installed at a lower portion of the rotary heating furnace and for discharging a processed material heated in the rotary heating furnace; A supporting shaft penetrating upward and downward through the axis of the rotary heat treatment furnace and supported outside the rotary heat treatment furnace, and provided with a plurality of blades on a support shaft positioned inside the rotary heat treatment furnace. And a stirring assisting means for assisting stirring of the object to be processed. Further, a seal for preventing invasion of outside air is provided at a connection portion between the supply section of the workpiece to be supplied by the workpiece supply means and the input section of the rotary heating furnace, so that low oxygen in the rotary heating furnace is provided. Try to keep the atmosphere. Further, the heating means of the rotary heat treatment furnace can be realized by any one of or a combination of gas heating by external heating, induction heating and microwave heating. The means for rotatably supporting the rotary heat treatment furnace is provided with a rotary support portion and a rotary drive portion on the upper portion of the rotary heat treatment furnace, and a rotary guide portion provided on the lower portion to support the rotary heat treatment furnace to prevent vibration. I do. In the rotary heating furnace, a plurality of blades are provided in the circumferential and axial directions for stirring the workpiece. If the object to be processed is rotated together with the blade by the stirring blade, the object to be processed cannot be stirred. Therefore, the supporting shaft having the blade of the stirring assist means is fixed, or the rotary heating furnace is not used. By rotating slowly in the direction opposite to the rotation, the object to be processed is prevented from following the rotating drum, and the agitation of the object to be processed is assisted. An object to be processed (residue) heat-treated in the rotary heating furnace is provided with an opening / closing member at a connection portion between the discharge section of the rotary heating furnace and the residue introduction section of the residue discharging means. Close and open at the time of discharge to discharge the residue to the discharge pipe. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a basic configuration of a processing apparatus provided with a heating processing furnace that rotates on a vertical axis according to the present invention. The basic configuration includes a rotary heating furnace 10, a workpiece supply means 20 for supplying a mixture of the workpiece and a dechlorinating agent, and a rotary heating furnace 1.
It is composed of a residue discharging means 30 for discharging the residue after the heat treatment at 0 and a stirring assisting means 40 for effectively stirring the object to be processed. The rotary heating furnace 10 has a funnel-like shape, and a rotatable drum 11 rotatably supported with its cylindrical opening facing downward.
A rotating support portion 12 rotatably supporting the upper portion of the rotating drum 11, a rotating guide portion 13 for guiding the lower portion of the rotating drum 11, and a heating means 14 for heating the inside of the rotating drum 11 from outside. I have. The upper portion of the rotary drum 11 is closed by a closing plate 11a, and has a central portion having an opening 11b and a charging portion 11c for charging a cylindrical object to cover the opening 11b, and a discharging portion at a lower cylindrical opening. A portion 11d is formed, and a plurality of stirring blades 11e are provided in the inside in the circumferential direction and the axial direction. Further, the rotation support portion 12 is
And a supporting roller 1 rotatably supporting the rotation supporting member 12a from below.
2b and a drive motor 12 for rotatingly driving the rotary drum 11
c, a gear 12d for transmitting the power of the drive motor 12c to the rotation support member 12a. Reference numeral 12e denotes a fixed portion that supports the support roller 12b and the drive motor 12c. The rotation guide portion 13 has a guide roller 13a provided at an appropriate place on the outer periphery of the lower portion of the rotary drum 11.
And prevents the rotation of the rotating drum 11. The guide roller 13a is rotatably attached to the fixed portion 13b. The heating means 14 is provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body outside the rotary drum 11 and on the inclined portion reaching the cylindrical opening, and the heating source is any one of heating by hot gas, induction heating, microwave heating, or a combination thereof. by. In the case of gas heating, a heating jacket is formed on the outer periphery of the rotating drum 11,
The hot gas is fed into it. In the case of induction heating and microwave heating, a heating coil 14a is provided as shown in FIG. The workpiece supply means 20 includes a rotating drum 11
Supply unit 2 fitted to a tubular input unit 11c provided at the top of the unit
1, and a hopper 23 provided in the middle of the loading pipe 22 for the workpiece to be processed, which is installed in the horizontal direction.
And a loading device 24 having a pusher 24a provided in the loading pipe 22 outside the hopper 23 and pushing the workpiece supplied from the hopper 23 toward the supply unit 21 and loading the same, and exhaust gas in the rotary heating furnace. It is formed by an exhaust gas outlet pipe 25 to be taken out. [0047] In the drawing, S 1 is a mechanical seal, is provided in rolling contact portion between the insertion portion 11c. The residue discharge means 30 has one end communicating with the discharge part 11 d of the rotary drum 11, a discharge pipe 33 for introducing the residue after the heat treatment from the residue introduction part 31 and discharging the residue to the discharge port 32, and the discharge pipe 33. A rotary valve 34 provided in the middle of the opening 33 and an opening / closing member 3 for opening and closing the residue introduction section 31
The opening / closing member 35 is moved up and down by an operation cylinder 36 to open and close the residue introduction section 31. Figure S 2 denotes a mechanical seal. The agitating assisting means 40 comprises a support shaft 41. The support shaft 41 is disposed above the supply section 21 of the carry-in pipe 22 from the upper portion of the supply section 11 c of the rotary drum 11 and the rotary drum 11.
Attached to the upper and lower fixing members 42 and 43 penetrating the shaft center and the opening / closing member 35, and a plurality of blades 44 in the circumferential direction and the axial direction, It is provided. When the rotary drum of the rotary heating furnace 10 is provided with blades and the rotary drum is rotated, the processing object put into the rotary drum rotates together with the rotary drum, and the processing object is not stirred by the blade. there is a possibility. Therefore, it is necessary to assist the stirring by fixing the support shaft having the blades or gently rotating in the opposite direction to the rotating drum. The support shaft 41 may be hollow so that a hole is formed in a portion inside the rotary drum and used as an exhaust gas outlet pipe, and the exhaust gas outlet pipe 25 may be omitted. Next, a series of operations performed when detoxifying an object to be treated such as general waste will be described. First, the position of the pusher 24a of the charging device 24 and the opening / closing member 35 of the residue discharging means 30 are set to the positions shown in the figure, and the rotating drum 11 is heated by the heating means 14 (or the heating after the processing object is charged). ), And then a mixture of the crushed object and the dechlorinating agent is introduced from the hopper 23. This mixture enters the inlet pipe 22 and enters the charging device 24.
Is fed to the supply unit 21 by the pusher 24a, and is carried into the rotary drum 11 from the supply unit 21. After a predetermined amount (dashed line) is carried in, the outlet of the hopper 23 is closed by the pusher 24a, and the inside of the rotary drum 11 is shut off from the atmosphere. (If there is an opening / closing plate at the outlet of the hopper 23, it may be returned to the original position.) Then, the object to be processed is dried by the heating means 14, and then the temperature at which harmful substances such as hydrogen chloride precipitate from the object to be processed. And time (2
(50 ° C. to 350 ° C., about 15 to 30 minutes). The heating temperature and time are related to the properties of the object to be treated, the throughput, the state of the heating furnace (conditions that depend on the furnace such as performance, size, heating means, etc.). It is important to go well, collect data, and store the data. The heat treatment at this time is a treatment by steaming and pyrolysis in a low oxygen atmosphere.
Although harmful components such as Cl are decomposed and precipitated, they react immediately with the dechlorinating agent mixed into the object to be treated, and are rendered harmless as described later. That is, as the dechlorinating agent to be mixed or added with the above-mentioned object to be treated, use is made of at least an alkaline substance which reacts with HCl (hydrogen chloride) to produce harmless chloride.
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-155 filed earlier by the applicant of the present application
No. 326, JP-A-10-43731, JP-A-10-2
As described in JP-A-35186 and JP-A-10-235187, alkaline earth metals, alkaline earth metal compounds, alkali metals and alkali metal compounds, specifically calcium, lime, slaked lime, calcium carbonate, dolomite, silicate Salt (such as calcium silicate), sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, natural soda, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium bicarbonate,
One kind is selected from potassium carbonate, or several kinds are mixed and used. These dechlorinating agents are used for treating
３０30% by weight is mixed or added for use. Alternatively, a porous alkali substance (porous dechlorinating agent) disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 10-193844 previously filed by the applicant of the present application is used. Porousization involves heating an alkaline substance containing vaporized components (O, H, CO, CO 2, etc.) and evaporating and separating the contained vaporized components as H 2 O, CO 2. Through holes,
It is made porous by forming concave portions (holes).
This porosity increases the surface area and the contact area with the generated gas. The porous dechlorinating agent is used by mixing or adding 5 to 30% by weight to the material to be treated. The above-mentioned alkali substance contains at least one selected from among substances contained in an alkali metal compound which contains a vaporized component and reacts with a harmful component to form a harmless salt. Consists of a mixture. The alkali metal compound is a simple substance selected from sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate and potassium hydrogen carbonate, or a mixture of plural kinds. Note that sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHC)
O 3 ) is also referred to as sodium acid carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, or sodium bicarbonate as another name.
Also called baking soda. Sodium sesquicarbonate (Na 2 CO 3 .Na
HCO 3 .2H 2 O) is also called sodium hydrogencarbonate-sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydrogen tricarbonate, or sodium sesquicarbonate, and is naturally produced as trona (natural soda). In the above-mentioned compound of an alkaline substance, when a vaporized component other than the alkaline substance is heated and evaporated, it becomes porous and its surface increases, and the alkaline substance reacts with harmful hydrogen chloride to form harmless salts. It is clear from the following reaction formula that the harmful component is made harmless by substitution. In the case of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ), if the porous treatment is performed by heating, it becomes NaHCO 3 → Na 2 CO 3 + H 2 O + CO 2 , and H 2 O and CO 2 are separated and scattered to make Na 2 porous.
It becomes CO 3 . When this reacts with hydrogen chloride, a harmful component, it becomes Na 2 CO 3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H 2 O + CO 2 , H 2 O and CO 2 are separated, and harmless salts (2NaC
1). Similarly, potassium hydrogen carbonate and sodium sesquicarbonate are as follows. In the case of potassium bicarbonate (KHCO 3 ), when a porous treatment is performed by heating, the reaction with KHCO 3 → KCO 3 + H 2 O + CO 2 hydrogen chloride is performed as follows: KCO 3 + 2HCl → 2KCl + H 2 O + CO 2 Sodium sesquicarbonate (Na 2 CO 3) 3 · NaHCO 3 · 2
In the case of H 2 O), when the porous treatment is performed by heating, 2 (Na 2 CO 3 .NaHCO 3 .2H 2 O) → 3Na 2 C
The reaction with O 3 + 5H 2 O + CO 2 hydrogen chloride is as follows: Na 2 CO 3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H 2 O + CO 2
The contact area with the chlorine-based gas decomposed and precipitated from the object to be treated increases, and the effect of reacting and generating new salts increases.
As described above, the decomposition gas of the HCl component is generated in the rotary heat treatment furnace. For example, when the above-mentioned sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO 3 ) is used, it immediately reacts with the sodium hydrogen carbonate to (NaOH) + (HCl) ) → (Na
Cl) + (H 2 O) to form harmless sodium chloride (N
aCl) to remove harmful HCl from the decomposition gas. Thereby, the detoxification of the HCl component in the decomposition gas and the detoxification of the residue are simultaneously performed. Next, in view of the fact that the harmful substances are precipitated and made harmless, a heat treatment suitable for the treatment purpose is performed at a higher temperature. For example, in the case where waste plastic is reduced in volume and is used as a fuel or the like, the volume of plastic or the like progresses immediately before the material to be treated is carbonized (350 ° C. to 400 ° C.).
Or, when carbonizing the material to be treated, the carbonization temperature (for papers, 3
Carbonization starts at about 50 ° C. ) Heating at 350 ° C to 700 ° C, preferably at 600 ° C for 15 minutes, and carbonizing, and furthermore, when ashing, heating at 800 ° C or higher for about 20 minutes to incinerate to reduce the volume. I do. After the heat treatment for the purpose of the treatment is completed, the opening / closing member 35 of the residue discharge means 30 is moved downward by the operation cylinder 36 and discharged from the discharge pipe 33. After the entirety is discharged, the pusher 44a and the opening / closing member 35 are returned to the state shown in FIG. 1, and the above operation is repeated. The effluent subjected to the heat treatment contains the reduced volume of the material to be treated and the harmless chloride (eg, sodium chloride) after the reaction. The chloride is dissolved in water and removed.
The remaining solids such as dechlorinated plastics, carbides, and ash are taken out and reused according to the physical properties. On the other hand, the exhaust gas (decomposed gas, dry distillation gas) generated during the heat treatment is discharged from the exhaust gas outlet pipe 25. In this exhaust gas, harmful components such as hydrogen chloride are basically removed by the reaction treatment in the rotary heating furnace 10. However, there is a possibility that the harmful components remain in the exhaust gas without any reaction due to any reason. is there. In addition, since it contains flammable components such as tar, it is burned by gas combustion means, etc., then cooled by the exhaust gas cooling means to a temperature lower than the allowable temperature limit of the bag filter, cleaned by the bag filter, and discharged from the chimney etc. I do. When the reaction cannot be completed by the reaction treatment,
An additional dechlorinating agent supply means A is provided to appropriately supply a dechlorinating agent. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram schematically showing the configuration of FIG.
The same units as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a case where an efficient heat treatment facility is realized by the basic heat treatment apparatus shown in FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In this embodiment, a heating gas is used as a heating means. Reference numeral 50 denotes a heating gas generating means, such as LNG or LP.
G fuel is burned to generate hot gas, and the rotary heating furnace 1
In this case, the object to be processed is introduced into a heating jacket provided on the outer periphery of the rotating drum and heated in the rotating drum. The discharged matter (residues, etc.) discharged from the residue discharging means 30 is received in a dissolving tank 51, the object to be treated reduced in volume in the dissolving tank 51, and a dechlorinating agent (sodium chloride) after the reaction. Is dissolved in water, and the sodium chloride dissolved in water is discharged to the wastewater treatment means 52.
And then dried by a drying means 54 to remove solids such as plastics and carbides. The solids taken out are separated according to their physical properties and are reused. On the other hand, the exhaust gas (decomposed gas, dry distillation gas) is
The gas is sent to the gas combustion means 56 via the gas outlet pipe 55,
It is burned here. Although harmful components such as hydrogen chloride are basically removed from the exhaust gas by a reaction treatment, there is a possibility that the harmful components cannot be completely reacted for some reason and remain in the exhaust gas. Further, since it contains flammable components such as tar, it is burned by the gas combustion means 56,
7, the temperature is lowered to the allowable temperature limit of the bag filter 58 or less,
It is cleaned by a bag filter 58 and discharged from a chimney or the like. When a heating gas is used as the heating means, the heating gas is kept at a relatively high temperature even after the rotary drum is heated. After being used as a heat source for drying, it is cooled by the exhaust gas cooling means 57 and discharged. In the case of the cooling by the exhaust gas cooling means 57, if the remaining heat is cooled by using a heat exchanger or the like, the heat can be effectively used. Alternatively, cooling may be performed by mixing air. Further, without providing the gas combustion means 56, the generated exhaust gas may be introduced into the hot gas generation means 50 and burned together with the fuel to be used for generating the hot gas. As described above, the present invention has a structure in which the heat treatment means is a heat treatment furnace which rotates on the vertical axis, the object supply means is provided at the upper part, and the residue discharge means is provided at the lower part. Therefore, the following effects are obtained. (1) It is possible to process a small amount of an object to be processed systematically (processing within eight hours of normal work). (2) Processing can be reliably performed in a small-scale facility with a small amount of material to be processed. (3) Even if there is a qualitative change in the object to be processed, the object to be processed can be stably processed sufficiently and reliably in accordance with the purpose of processing. (4) Since there is no movement of the object to be treated (treatment by kiln, etc.), it is possible to easily and sufficiently control the reaction environment (mixing state with dechlorination, reaction space, etc.), and to generate the dechlorinating agent As a result, the catalytic reaction with hydrogen chloride can be effectively performed, and the exhaust gas and the residue can be rendered harmless. (5) The heat treatment apparatus can be downsized, and the installation space of the facility can be reduced. (6) Since harmless exhaust gas can be obtained, dioxins are not produced, and useful environment and technology can be transmitted to descendants of the 21st century.
【図面の簡単な説明】 【図１】本発明の実施の形態の基本構成の概念図。 【図２】図１の模式図。 【図３】本発明による廃棄物等の処理施設の模式図。 【符号の説明】 １０…回転加熱処理炉 １１…回転ドラム １２…回転支持部 １３…回転ガイド部 １４…加熱手段 ２０…被処理物供給手段 ２１…供給部 ２２…搬入管 ２３…ホッパ ２４…投入装置 ２５…排ガス導出管 ３０…残渣排出手段 ３１…残渣導入部 ３２…排出口 ３３…排出管 ３４…ロータリーバルブ ３５…開閉部材 ３６…操作シリンダ ４０…撹拌補助手段 ４１…支持軸 ４２，４３…固定部材 ４４…羽根 ５０…熱ガス発生手段 ５１…溶解槽 ５２…排水処理手段 ５３…脱水手段 ５４…乾燥手段 ５５…ガス導出管 ５６…ガス燃焼手段 ５７…排ガス冷却手段 ５８…バグフィルタ[Brief description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a basic configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a waste treatment facility according to the present invention. [Explanation of symbols] 10 ... Rotating heat treatment furnace 11 ... rotating drum 12. Rotation support 13 ... Rotation guide 14 heating means Reference numeral 20: means for supplying workpieces 21 ... Supply unit 22 ... Incoming pipe 23 ... Hopper 24 ... Charging device 25 ... Exhaust gas outlet pipe 30 ... Residue discharging means 31 ... residue introduction part 32 ... outlet 33 ... discharge pipe 34 ... Rotary valve 35 ... Opening / closing member 36 ... Operation cylinder 40 ... Agitating auxiliary means 41 ... Support shaft 42, 43 ... fixing members 44 ... feather 50 hot gas generating means 51: Dissolution tank 52 ... wastewater treatment means 53 ... dehydration means 54 ... Drying means 55 ... Gas outlet pipe 56 ... Gas combustion means 57 ... Exhaust gas cooling means 58 ... Bag filter
フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｃ０２Ｆ 11/00 Ｂ０１Ｄ 53/34 １３４Ａ Ｆ２３Ｇ 5/00 ＺＡＢ １３４Ｅ 5/26 ＺＡＢ Ｂ０９Ｂ 3/00 ３０２Ｅ ３０３Ｈ ３０４Ｈ Ｆターム(参考） 3K061 AA07 AB02 AC01 BA05 BA06 DA03 DB01 4D002 AA19 AA21 BA03 CA05 DA01 DA02 DA03 DA04 DA12 DA16 GB12 4D004 AA01 AB06 CA24 CA26 CA27 CA28 CA34 CB09 CB33 CB34 CB36 CC11 4D059 BB01 BB02 BB03 BB06 BB14 DA01 DA02 4G066 AA13B AA16B AA43B BA09 CA31 CA33 DA02 DA15 Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (reference) C02F 11/00 B01D 53/34 134A F23G 5/00 ZAB 134E 5/26 ZAB B09B 3/00 302E 303H 304H F term (reference) ) 3K061 AA07 AB02 AC01 BA05 BA06 DA03 DB01 4D002 AA19 AA21 BA03 CA05 DA01 DA02 DA03 DA04 DA12 DA16 GB12 4D004 AA01 AB06 CA24 CA26 CA27 CA28 CA34 CB09 CB33 CB34 CB36 CC11 4D059 BB01 BB02 A33B13 A03B13 A03B03 A03A03B14 DA15
Claims (1)
物などの被処理物を加熱して、分解ガスと残渣の減容物
を生成し、分解ガスは処理して大気中に放出し、減容化
物は回収して再利用又は減容化する被処理物の処理方法
において、前記加熱処理炉を縦軸回転する回転加熱処理
炉で形成し、該回転加熱処理炉の上部から被処理物と脱
塩素剤の混合物を投入して、低酸素雰囲気中で回転撹拌
しながら少なくとも、被処理物から有害物質が分解析出
する温度で加熱し、析出した有害物と、混合又は添加し
た脱塩素剤とを接触反応させて無害な物質に置換生成す
ることで無害化し、無害化した被処理物を回転加熱処理
炉の下部から排出するようにしたことを特徴とする縦軸
回転加熱処理炉を備えた被処理物の処理方法。 【請求項２】 請求項１記載の方法で無害化した被処理
物を炭化する以前で減容化が可能な温度，炭化する温度
又は灰化する温度のいずれかの温度で加熱して減容化
し、この減容化物を回転加熱処理炉の下部から排出する
ようにしたことを特徴とする縦軸回転加熱処理炉を備え
た被処理物の処理方法。 【請求項３】 脱塩素剤は多孔質化したアルカリ物質の
粉体、又は多孔質化しないアルカリ物質の粉体であるこ
とを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の縦軸回転加熱処理
炉を備えた被処理物の処理方法。 【請求項４】 アルカリ物質の脱塩素剤は、加熱により
被処理物から分解析出する有害成分と反応して無害な塩
化物を生成するアルカリ金属，アルカリ金属化合物，ア
ルカリ土類化合物，アルカリ土類金属化合物に含まれる
物質の中から少なくとも１種類を選択、又は２種以上を
混合したものであることを特徴とする請求項１，２，３
のいずれか１項に記載の縦軸回転加熱処理炉を備えた被
処理物の処理方法。 【請求項５】 アルカリ金属化合物は、炭酸水素ナトリ
ウム，炭酸ナトリウム，セスキ炭酸ナトリウム，天然ソ
ーダ，炭酸カリウム，炭酸水素カリウム，炭酸ナトリウ
ムカリウム，水酸化ナトリウム，水酸化カリウムから選
択した単体、複数種の混合であることを特徴とする請求
項４記載の縦軸回転加熱処理炉を備えた被処理物の処理
方法。 【請求項５】 アルカリ物質の脱塩素剤は、加熱により
分離飛散する気化成分を含有し、且つ有害成分と反応し
て無害な塩類を生成するアルカリ物質体からなり、該ア
ルカリ物質体を加熱してアルカリ物質体に含有する気化
成分を分離除去することで多孔質化し表面積が増加した
粉体であることを特徴とする請求項１，２，３のいずれ
か１項に記載の縦軸回転加熱処理炉を備えた被処理物の
処理方法。 【請求項７】 アルカリ物質の脱塩素剤は、気化成分を
含有し、且つ有害成分と反応して無害な塩類を生成する
アルカリ金属化合物に含まれる物質の中から少なくとも
１種類を選択、又は２種類以上を混合したものであるこ
とを特徴とする請求項１，３，６のいずれか１項に記載
の縦軸回転加熱処理炉を備えた被処理物の処理方法。 【請求項８】 アルカリ金属化合物は、炭酸水素ナトリ
ウム，セスキ炭酸ナトリウム，炭酸水素カリウムから選
択した単体、複数種の混合であることを特徴とする請求
項７記載の縦軸回転加熱処理炉を備えた被処理物の処理
方法。 【請求項９】 加熱処理炉で有機性物質を含有する廃棄
物などの被処理物を加熱して、分解ガスと残渣の減容物
を生成し、分解ガスは処理して大気中に放出し、減容化
物は回収して再利用又は減容化する被処理物の処理装置
において、縦軸回転する加熱処理炉からなる回転加熱処
理炉と、この回転加熱処理炉の上部に設置され、被処理
物と脱塩素剤との混合物を回転加熱処理炉に供給する被
処理物供給手段と、前記回転加熱処理炉の下部に設置さ
れ、回転加熱処理炉で加熱処理された処理物を排出する
残渣排出手段と、前記回転加熱処理炉の軸心部を上，下
に貫通し、回転加熱処理炉の外部で支持した支持軸から
なり、回転加熱処理炉の内部に位置する支持軸に複数枚
の羽根を設けて被処理物の撹拌を助勢する撹拌補助手段
とで構成したことを特徴とする縦軸回転加熱処理炉を備
えた被処理物の処理装置。 【請求項１０】 被処理物供給手段の被処理物の供給部
と、回転加熱処理炉の投入部との連結部に外気の侵入を
防止するシールを設けたことを特徴とする請求項９記載
の縦軸回転加熱処理炉を備えた被処理物の処理装置。 【請求項１１】 回転加熱処理炉の加熱手段は、外部加
熱によるガス加熱、誘導加熱、マイクロ波加熱のいずれ
か、又は組み合わせであることを特徴とする請求項９記
載の縦軸回転加熱処理炉を備えた被処理物の処理装置。 【請求項１２】 回転加熱処理炉は、上部に回転支持部
と回転駆動部を備え、下部に回転ガイド部を設けて回転
自在に支持したことを特徴とする請求項９又は１１記載
の縦軸回転加熱処理炉を備えた被処理物の処理装置。 【請求項１３】 回転加熱処理炉内に、被処理物を撹拌
する羽根を、周方向および軸方向に複数板設けたことを
特徴とする請求項９，１１，１２のいずれか１項に記載
の縦軸回転加熱処理炉を備えた被処理物の処理装置。 【請求項１４】 撹拌補助手段の支持軸は、固定又は加
熱処理炉の回転と反対方向に回転可能に支持し、被処理
物が回転ドラムに追従するのを抑制して被処理物の撹拌
を助勢するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項９，１
１，１２，１３のいずれか１項に記載の縦軸回転加熱処
理炉を備えた被処理物の処理装置。 【請求項１５】 回転加熱処理炉の排出部と残渣排出手
段の残渣導入部との連結部に、開閉部材を設けて、加熱
処理中は閉じ、排出時に開いて排出管に被処理物を排出
するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項９，１０，１
２，１３，１４のいずれか１項に記載の縦軸回転加熱処
理炉を備えた被処理物の処理装置。Claims 1. An object to be treated such as waste containing an organic substance is heated in a heat treatment furnace to generate a decomposition gas and a reduced volume of a residue, and the decomposition gas is processed. And releasing the volume-reduced material to the atmosphere and collecting and reusing or reducing the volume of the material to be processed. A mixture of the object to be treated and the dechlorinating agent is charged from the upper part of the furnace, and heated at least at a temperature at which the harmful substance is decomposed and precipitated from the object to be treated while rotating and stirring in a low oxygen atmosphere. It is characterized in that the mixed or added dechlorinating agent is contact-reacted and replaced with a harmless substance to generate harmless substances, thereby rendering the harmless substance discharged from the lower part of the rotary heat treatment furnace. A method for treating an object to be treated provided with a vertical axis rotation heat treatment furnace. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the detoxified material is heated at a temperature capable of reducing the volume before carbonization, at a temperature at which carbonization is performed, or at a temperature at which incineration is performed, to reduce the volume. Wherein the volume-reduced material is discharged from a lower part of the rotary heat treatment furnace. 3. The vertical axis rotary heat treatment furnace according to claim 1, wherein the dechlorinating agent is a porous alkali material powder or a non-porous alkali material powder. The processing method of the processing object provided. 4. A dechlorinating agent for an alkaline substance, which reacts with a harmful component decomposed and precipitated from an object to be treated by heating to form a harmless chloride, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth compound, an alkaline earth compound. 4. The material according to claim 1, wherein at least one kind is selected from substances contained in the metal-class compound, or two or more kinds are mixed.
A method for treating an object to be treated, comprising the vertical axis rotation heat treatment furnace according to any one of the above. 5. An alkali metal compound selected from the group consisting of sodium hydrogencarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, natural soda, potassium carbonate, potassium hydrogencarbonate, sodium potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide. The method for treating an object to be treated, comprising a longitudinal rotation heat treatment furnace according to claim 4, wherein the mixture is mixed. 5. The dechlorinating agent for an alkaline substance comprises an alkaline substance which contains a vaporized component which is separated and scattered by heating and which reacts with a harmful component to form harmless salts. The vertical axis rotary heating according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 3, wherein the powder is porous and has an increased surface area by separating and removing vaporized components contained in the alkaline substance. A method for processing an object to be processed having a processing furnace. 7. A dechlorinating agent for an alkaline substance, which contains at least one selected from substances contained in an alkali metal compound which contains a vaporized component and reacts with a harmful component to form harmless salts. A method for treating an object to be treated, comprising a vertical rotation heat treatment furnace according to any one of claims 1, 3, and 6, wherein a mixture of two or more kinds is used. 8. The furnace according to claim 7, wherein the alkali metal compound is a simple substance selected from sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate and potassium hydrogen carbonate, or a mixture of plural kinds. Processing method of the object to be processed. 9. An object to be treated such as waste containing an organic substance is heated in a heat treatment furnace to generate a decomposed gas and a reduced volume of a residue, and the decomposed gas is processed and released into the atmosphere. In a processing apparatus for an object to be treated in which the reduced volume is collected and reused or reduced in volume, a rotary heating furnace having a heating furnace having a vertical axis rotating, and an upper part of the rotary heating furnace, An object supply means for supplying a mixture of the processed material and the dechlorinating agent to the rotary heating furnace, and a residue installed at a lower part of the rotary heating furnace and discharging the processed material heated by the rotary heating furnace. A discharge shaft and a support shaft that penetrates the shaft center of the rotary heat treatment furnace upward and downward and is supported outside the rotary heat treatment furnace, and a plurality of support shafts located inside the rotary heat treatment furnace are provided. That the blades are provided with stirring assisting means for assisting stirring of the object to be treated. A processing apparatus for an object to be processed provided with a vertical axis rotary heat treatment furnace. 10. A seal for preventing intrusion of outside air is provided at a connection portion between the supply section of the workpiece in the workpiece supply means and the charging section of the rotary heating furnace. An apparatus for treating an object to be processed, comprising a vertical axis rotary heat treatment furnace. 11. The rotary heating furnace according to claim 9, wherein the heating means of the rotary heating furnace is any one or a combination of gas heating by external heating, induction heating, and microwave heating. A processing device for processing an object, comprising: 12. The vertical axis according to claim 9, wherein the rotary heating furnace is provided with a rotation support section and a rotation drive section at an upper portion, and a rotatable guide portion provided at a lower portion to be rotatably supported. An apparatus for processing an object to be processed provided with a rotary heating furnace. 13. The rotating heating furnace according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of blades for stirring the object to be processed are provided in a circumferential direction and an axial direction. An apparatus for treating an object to be processed, comprising a vertical axis rotary heat treatment furnace. 14. A supporting shaft of the stirring assisting means is supported so as to be rotatable in a direction opposite to the rotation of the fixed or heat treatment furnace, and suppresses the following of the workpiece from following the rotating drum to stir the workpiece. 9. The method according to claim 9, wherein the support is provided.
An apparatus for processing an object to be processed, comprising the vertical axis rotation heat treatment furnace according to any one of Items 1, 12, and 13. 15. An opening / closing member is provided at a connection portion between a discharge section of the rotary heating furnace and a residue introduction section of the residue discharge means, and is closed during the heat treatment, opened at the time of discharge, and discharged to a discharge pipe. 9. The method according to claim 9, wherein:
An apparatus for treating an object to be treated, comprising the vertical axis rotary heat treatment furnace according to any one of 2, 13, and 14.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11033681A JP2000233171A (en) | 1999-02-12 | 1999-02-12 | Method and apparatus for treating material to be treated by using vertical axis rotary heat treatment furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11033681A JP2000233171A (en) | 1999-02-12 | 1999-02-12 | Method and apparatus for treating material to be treated by using vertical axis rotary heat treatment furnace |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000233171A true JP2000233171A (en) | 2000-08-29 |
Family
ID=12393190
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11033681A Pending JP2000233171A (en) | 1999-02-12 | 1999-02-12 | Method and apparatus for treating material to be treated by using vertical axis rotary heat treatment furnace |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000233171A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007296412A (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2007-11-15 | Okutama Kogyo Co Ltd | Fly ash treatment method |
| KR101239111B1 (en) | 2011-03-10 | 2013-03-11 | 주식회사 에스시티 | Continuous carbonization apparatus for manufacturing charcoal |
| KR102275833B1 (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-07-09 | 주식회사 세인홈시스 | Apparatus for disposing food waste |
-
1999
- 1999-02-12 JP JP11033681A patent/JP2000233171A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007296412A (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2007-11-15 | Okutama Kogyo Co Ltd | Fly ash treatment method |
| KR101239111B1 (en) | 2011-03-10 | 2013-03-11 | 주식회사 에스시티 | Continuous carbonization apparatus for manufacturing charcoal |
| KR102275833B1 (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-07-09 | 주식회사 세인홈시스 | Apparatus for disposing food waste |
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