JP2000231584A - Plant designing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain correction information from a project personnel concerned in the early stage of the project, and to reflect those corrected points on the preparation of P and ID by preparing a design drawing document including information for the space design of a plant constituted of position information indicating the position relation of equipment and connection information indicating a connection relation between elements constituting the plant. SOLUTION: A design drawing document group constituted of design drawing documents prepared by using a PEF as a reference and design drawing documents prepared by using a UBD as a reference before the preparation of a P and ID based on the PFD and UBD which are not directly used at the time of detail design in a conventional manner, and used for planning space design. Thus, a defined drawing is prepared in the initial state of the project so that the space design planning can be started in the early stage, and the basic information is certified so that the correcting work of detail design to be generated as the result of the space design to be prepared based on this can be reduced. Also, the space design is visualized so that the early extraction of a problem can be simplified.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for determining function information and shape information in a plant design, and more particularly, to assist in early determination of basic design information of a plant such as a petroleum refinery, petrochemical, inorganic chemistry, or fertilizer plant. To provide a suitable method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a plant has been designed in the following procedure. (1) In general, if raw materials and products are set, a basic process flow and the operation of its constituent units are determined, and a material balance and a heat balance in a steady state are calculated according to given design conditions. A process flow sheet (PFD) is created to express this result, and is used as a means for transmitting basic information related to the process.
FIG. 5 shows an example.

(2) The following information is usually described in the PFD for the purpose. : Display of process equipment and its code number, name: Display of stream and its number, flow rate: Stream pressure and temperature: Flow rate by stream component (mass balance) In addition to these, when the main control method is described There is also.

(3) In a plant, utilities such as water and steam are used. A diagram showing the material balance and the heat balance of the process equipment is a utility balance diagram (UBD) or a utility balance diagram. It is a flow sheet. The same information as the process flow sheet is described. FIG. 6 shows an example for cooling water.

(4) Then, a P & I diagram (P & ID) is created for a detailed system design of the plant. This is based on the process flow sheet
Based on information such as operating conditions, layout, configuration equipment, piping specifications, instrumentation specifications, etc. on each side such as start / stop of the plant, all the components of the plant (equipment, instrumentation equipment, piping equipment and materials) and their A part of the function information and the connection information between these elements, the relative position information, the control concept, and the like are marked, and are mainly used as means for transmitting process information to the detailed design of piping and instrumentation.

[0006] (5) P & ID information,
It is determined on the basis of equipment shape information (type, size, nozzle position, etc.) in consideration of geographical conditions, safety and environment, maintenance, operation, economy, etc.

[0007]

The PFD is issued at an early stage of a project, and is information on which a P & ID is created. However, the PFD has a limited purpose and is directly used for detailed design. Little information. In addition, the target is limited to the process part, and such figures are often omitted for auxiliary equipment of the process such as utility equipment, drainage equipment, wastewater treatment equipment, etc., and represent the entire plant including auxiliary equipment The design books to be used depended on P & ID.

[0008] P & ID includes design requirements mainly from process design to piping and instrumentation design, and is one of the important basic design documents for detailed design of all plants. It is used for many purposes such as construction, operation, facility management, etc., as well as design because it includes components and their connection information. In other words, a huge amount of information is aggregated in this diagram, and it takes almost the entire period of the project to determine all this information. For this reason, in the design stage, there are several stages that specify the amount and type of information to be described in P & ID in order to proceed with individual design such as process design, space design, piping design, and instrumentation design in parallel while maintaining consistency. In general, a staged design (phasing control or phasin
g control).
However, in this method, 1) the space design work is determined after reflecting the P & ID information issued at each stage, so that the visual confirmation and understanding of the project persons including the customer becomes slow, and 2) the P & ID creation. 3) As a result, modifications to the space design performed prior to its issuance are likely to occur in parallel, and 3) as a result, much time will be spent on downstream adjustment work related to the space design that is already proceeding in parallel. become.

The PFD is issued at an early stage, but has a limited amount of information, and its utility for detailed design is low. Therefore, the P & ID is the main information source, but as described above, the issue time is late because of the large amount of information included in the P & ID, and the design resulting from the space design based on the P & ID is based on the P & ID. The change will affect the quality and schedule of downstream detailed designs that are already running in parallel (some information will be fed back upstream). This is because the safety, operability, maintainability, economy, ease of construction, etc. of the plant can be easily recognized and examined even by non-experts in space design by visualizing the space design implemented at the later stage of the design. Because many modifications can be pointed out by project parties in general.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in the intermediate stage of creating a PFD, which is a conventional method, and creating a P & ID based on this flow,
Based on the D diagram, create a diagram that incorporates basic design information that is part of the P & ID and can be determined earlier than others, and visualizes this information in two-dimensional and three-dimensional diagrams to enable early-stage projects. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for solving this problem by obtaining correction information from project parties and reflecting the corrections in the creation of P & ID.

[0011]

The above objects can be attained by the following inventions. (1) Plant process flow diagram (P
Based on FD) and Utility Balance Diagram (UBD), process equipment constituting a plant,
Functional information on equipment and plumbing / instrumentation equipment that make up the utility equipment, wastewater treatment equipment, and off-site equipment that are auxiliary equipment for the plant, and shape information that indicates the shape and size of those equipment And a plant design method for creating a design book including plant space design information including position information indicating a positional relationship between these devices and connection information indicating a connection relationship between elements constituting the plant. And (2) In the plant design method according to (1), 1) inputting information for space design such as shape information, position information, and connection information among the information described in the design document to a three-dimensional modeling system; Visualize the relative positions of the equipment or facilities in the design documents, add piping and instrumentation information to this model, and display some or all of the visualized images and functional information described in the design documents. 2) Start the detailed design based on the determined plant shape information obtained as a result of the space design, and the function information and shape information obtained from the design documents. Characteristic plant design method. And (3) based on the information obtained in the plant design method described in (2) above, if there is any improvement, return the information to (1) above and further improve the above (2)
And a plant design method.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention is based on PFDs and UBDs which have not been directly used for detailed design.
Prior to P & ID creation, a design including a design document (hereinafter referred to as a PFD reference design information diagram) created based on a PFD described below and a design document (hereinafter referred to as a UBD reference design information diagram) created based on a UBD. To create a group of books and use them for space design planning.

1) PFD standard design information diagram A PFD is a system diagram in which main equipment and main lines as a flow between the main equipment are displayed so that a process flow and a steady operation condition can be understood at a glance. Specifically, the following information is described therein. : Display of process equipment and its code number, name: Display of stream and its number, flow rate: Stream pressure and temperature: Flow rate by stream component (mass balance) In addition to these, when the main control method is described There is also. In the PFD reference design information diagram, as shown in FIG. 1, in addition to the above, the following function information and space design information including shape, connection, and position information are displayed. That is, the function information includes all equipment constituting the plant, utility equipment that is auxiliary equipment of the plant, wastewater treatment equipment, off-site equipment, etc.
Mechanical information (including design temperature and pressure conditions, basic materials, corrosion allowance, etc.) of all equipment (equipment and instrumentation equipment) within the project scope and the lines (piping) connecting those equipment, and the inside Of fluid flowing through or discharged from or outside the plant (consisting of basic physical properties such as density and viscosity, two-phase flow, property information such as slurry, and fluid property information such as flammability and toxicity). is there. Line (piping)
As with the equipment, a code number is assigned at this point, and is inherited by the P & ID as a line reference together with the fluid code, size, etc., and is used throughout the project life cycle. Similarly, the instrumentation devices displayed are
At this point, a code number is assigned.

On the other hand, the space design information includes shape information indicating the type, shape, size, etc. of the devices and piping, position information indicating the positions and relative positions of the devices, and the connection relationship between the devices. The connection information is displayed. The lines connecting the devices are intended to be at least the main lines used in the steady state and the non-steady state. This scope is predetermined for each project.

[0015] Further, the determined other detailed design information other than the space design information is added and can be used for other purposes. For example, fire-extinguishing design information, an emergency shut-off system, or the like may be shown. When using a two-dimensional CAD system, it is not always necessary to describe all the information in one layer (layer). It is also possible to group information according to the purpose and to describe the information for each layer. .

2) UBD standard design information diagram This is a type of flow diagram that shows the flow of supply and recovery from each supplier to each section for utilities of all facilities, and describes the flow rate, pressure, temperature, etc. Usually, steam, water, air, nitrogen, fuel and the like are targeted. As shown in FIG. 2, the UBD standard design information diagram
The same functional information, shape information, and other space design information as in the FD reference design information diagram are shown. In other words, it is created based on the same concept as the PFD reference design information diagram, but different from the PFD reference design information diagram, the line connection display assumes an actual arrangement. This is because the branch / merge needs to be clarified at this point in order to determine the size of the pipe.

These are defined by P & ID, all equipment constituting the plant, all the main lines (piping) connecting these equipment, instrumentation equipment existing on the piping that affects the space design. The present invention can be realized by describing a part of the information, that is, information relating to the functions and shapes of the equipment, piping, and instrumentation equipment in these design documents, and further using the information for space design.

In the space design, the use of a three-dimensional modeling system makes it possible to visualize the shapes and arrangements of components such as devices in a three-dimensional space at an early stage, which is a more powerful means for solving the problem. . As a simple three-dimensional modeling tool, for example, Plant Builder / Auto Router from Design Power
3D models of individual devices can be easily constructed by inputting the device type and device size information in the design basic information diagram, and based on the fluid information and relative position information in these diagrams. By additionally inputting the arrangement information to be performed, the equipment arrangement is visualized three-dimensionally. Further, by visualizing the piping displayed on the PFD and UBD reference design drawings based on the line shape and connection information, a simple three-dimensional model of the entire plant is completed as shown in FIG. By referring to such a model, it is possible to recognize and examine the safety, operability, maintainability, economy, ease of construction, and the like of the plant without having to be an expert in space design. In addition, this model can be converted to a viewer, for example, Design Revi.
ew or Enterprise Navigator
The use of commercially available software such as this makes it possible to dynamically refer to the model, making it easier to study such a space design. As a result of the examination, if there is a point to be improved in the function or space design information, correct the basic design information map, input the result again to the 3D modeling tool, visualize it, and confirm whether it has been improved Can be.

Conceptually, PFD is expanded (grown) from PFD to P & ID, but in the conventional method, there is no direct relationship between these design documents. The drawings defined in the present invention are located in the middle, and in engineering, these design documents (PF
D, P & ID).

When a design document defined by the present invention is created by CAD, it is possible to separate (group) information types to be described by using a plurality of layers. By using this function, the conventional P
FD and UBD can be easily separated and created.
Recently, there have been cases where PFDs are used to confirm safety design concepts, but secondary effects such as the ability to respond to such requests by partial extraction of written information are also expected. it can.

Hereinafter, a design method for a chemical plant according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, the PFD and U
The BD is as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, and based on these figures, the PFD reference design information diagram or the UB
A D reference design information diagram is created. FIG. 5 shows a PFD for a gas absorption facility, in which an absorption tower (DA-1 absorber) is used.
ber), and the equipment constituting the equipment centered on the stripping tower (DA-2 stripper) are displayed. In the stream between the devices, steady conditions of temperature and pressure are described. A number is assigned to a main stream (a stream important in material balance), and fluid information such as a flow rate and a composition corresponding to the number is written on a separate sheet or the same sheet. FIG. 6 is a UBD of the cooling water, in which the amount of the cooling water supplied to each service and the cooling water inlet / outlet temperatures are described. The heat load may be described for each service.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show design reference diagrams corresponding to FIGS. 5 and 6, respectively. FIG. 1 is a PFD standard design information diagram,
Here, the equipment that composes the equipment, control valves and safety valves, and the lines (piping) that connect them are displayed. The shape and size of the tower and heat exchanger, the type of pump and the required power representative of the size, In the line, shape information mainly on the size is displayed. Furthermore, the required installation height of the stripping tower (for example, it is indicated as 6.000 in FIG. 1), and the arrangement of the liquid control valve installed on the liquid line supplied to the absorption tower are determined. Position information (for example, 1.000 is displayed in FIG. 1) to be followed in performing the operation. For example, in FIG. 1, the line, DA-2 Strip
Per and GA-1A / B / CPump are displayed as follows, respectively. For example, STREAMI
For D1, For DA-2, For GA-1A / B / C, Furthermore, the connection relation between each device and the control valve / safety valve and the connection position thereof are clearly indicated by the line display. On the line, in addition to size, fluid code, line number and pressure,
The specifications determined from the temperature, material, and corrosion allowance information are described. For this piping specification, temporary data is registered at the initial time,
The final information is finally determined by the related information (pressure, temperature, material, corrosion allowance information) described in FIG. 1, and the temporary data is replaced with the determined data.

FIG. 2 is a UBD reference design information diagram, in which the equipment constituting the cooling system is displayed in consideration of its arrangement, and the function and shape information of the connection line (piping) are described.
For example, for EA-10COOLER, The information described in these reference design information diagrams is made up of information that is the basis of the design, and is almost fixed at the time of creating this diagram.

The arrangement of each device is provisionally determined using the process flow information displayed on FIGS. 1 and 2, and the function information, shape information, relative position information and provisional determination on FIGS. 1 and 2 are provided. The equipment model shown in FIG. 3 is created using the simplified three-dimensional modeling tool based on the arranged information.

In the conventional method, the layout plan at the initial stage of design is implemented by the planner using the PFD while assuming a three-dimensional diagram, and a two-dimensional diagram is created as a product. At this stage, there was no design document that clearly specified the equipment specifications, and information on instrumentation and piping was uncertain. For this reason, there are many cases where the site area is (over) shortage and the distance between the devices is (over) shortage due to dropout of equipment, wrong size of equipment and piping, etc., which causes many and large corrections after the fact. Had become. For example, equipment size information, piping information, and process requirements (height requirement for DA-2 in FIG. 6) start with insufficient or uncertain, so the stripping tower (DA-2)
-The distance between the reboilers (EA-11) is insufficient in the examination result at this stage, and is finally corrected by the examination based on the P & ID information. This results in a change in the arrangement of the devices, which in turn leads to a change in the arrangement of other devices, and many other large modifications will occur in the design process. Also,
EA-5 and EA-6 are devices of other facilities. In FIG.
Although it is arranged to be installed between A-2, if the distance between DA-1 and DA-2 is insufficient as a result of the examination at the initial stage, in order to minimize the influence on others, As shown in FIG. 4, these heat exchangers are stacked.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the fixed information required for studying the arrangement is described, so that the risk as described above can be greatly reduced. This model is examined between the parties using the viewer described above, and the result is reflected in the PFD and UBD reference information diagrams, and the optimal information is obtained by repeatedly changing some of the information and performing modeling again. Early determination of the three-dimensional arrangement becomes possible. In particular, the dynamics of the fluid are closely related to the device design and the arrangement thereof. For example, by increasing the DA-2 (the cost is increased), the pipe-side allowable pressure loss of the EA-10 is increased (the cost is reduced). ) Configurable,
Alternatively, it is possible to reduce the size of the piping (and reduce the cost) during this period, but it is necessary to study based on three-dimensional information to obtain this economical optimal solution.
Of course, it is necessary to consider not only economy but also all aspects such as safety, operability, maintainability, ease of construction,
For this, three-dimensional considerations are indispensable.

As described above, the space design is determined based on the basic design information determined early, and at the same time, the functions and shape design information relating to the space design are determined, and these results are used for downstream detailed design. Possible modifications can be minimized.

[0028]

As described above, by creating the drawings defined in the present invention at the early stage of the project, the work on the space design is started early and the basic information is definite. Correction work in the detailed design resulting from the space design created based on the data is also reduced. Further, visualization of the space design facilitates examination by anyone other than the expert in space design, and facilitates early extraction of problems. Also,
These can all be processed on a computer as in the embodiment, shortening the processing time, and making it possible to centrally manage and share information. The drawings defined in the present invention display all devices and facilities within the scope of the project, and can be an effective means for confirming the scope of all project stakeholders.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a design information diagram based on a PFD created by a design method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a design information diagram (cooling water) based on a UBD created in the design method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of a 3D model created by the design method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an example of correction due to uncertainty of space initialization.

FIG. 5: PFD created by a conventional method

FIG. 6: UBD (cooling water) created by a conventional method

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Process equipment constituting a plant, utility equipment as auxiliary equipment of a plant, wastewater treatment equipment, and off-board equipment based on a process flow diagram (PFD) and a utility balance diagram (UBD) of the plant. Functional information on process equipment and piping / instrumentation equipment that make up site equipment, etc., shape information indicating the shape and size of these equipment, positional information indicating the positional relationship between these equipment, and configuring the plant A plant design method comprising: creating a design document that includes information for space design of a plant including connection information indicating a connection relationship between elements to be connected. 2. The plant design method according to claim 1, wherein (1) information for space design such as shape information, position information, connection information, etc., among the information described in the design document, is input to a three-dimensional modeling system. Visualize the relative positions of the equipment or equipment in the design documents, add piping and instrumentation information to this visualized model, and use the visualized images and functional information described in the design documents. A space design of the plant is performed by using a part or all of the space design. (2) Details based on the determined plant shape information obtained as a result of the space design and the function information and the shape information obtained from the above design documents A plant design method characterized by starting design. 3. If there is an improvement based on the information obtained in the plant design method according to claim 2, the information is returned to the plant design method according to claim 1, and
A plant design method characterized by performing (2).