JP2000230584A - One-way clutch structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To transmit the rotating force in only one of normal and reverse directions by interposing an interlock member formed of plural divided parts between a drive rotary member and a driven rotary member, and widening the space between the divided parts while pushing them with a pushing member by making both the rotary members into power transmittable state. SOLUTION: When a driven rotary member 3 is rotated in one direction in a figure, a roller 8 as a wedge member is not moved even if the driven rotary member 3 is rotated, and the rotating force is not transmitted to a drive rotary member 2. In this condition, when the drive rotary member 2 is rotated, a roller 7 as a pushing member pushes each inclined surfaces 4a of each part 4A, 4B of an interlock member 4 to enlarge the diameter of the interlock member 4. As a result, the drive rotary member 2, the roller 7 and the interlock member 4 are made to pressure-contact with each other. The roller 8 bites into a bottom surface 4b of a recessed part of the interlock member 4 and the inner peripheral surface of the driven rotary member 3 so as to connect the interlock member 4 to the driven rotary member 3, and the rotating force is transmitted to the drive rotary member 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a one-way clutch structure for transmitting a rotational force from a driving side to a driven side unilaterally. The present invention relates to a one-way clutch structure capable of unidirectional transmission to a driven side.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a structure called a one-way clutch in which rotation of a driven side is transmitted unilaterally from a driving side to a driven side and rotation of the driven side is not transmitted to the driving side, the structure is called a one-way clutch. Conventionally and widely used in various mechanisms that need to unilaterally transmit a rotational force to a driving side.

[0003]

Incidentally, in the structure of the one-way clutch generally used in the past as described above, only one-way rotational force (forward rotation) is applied from the driving side to the driven side. With respect to the rotational force (reverse rotation) in the opposite direction, only the driving side idles and is not transmitted to the driven side, and when the driven side rotates in the reverse direction, it rotates on the driving side. Will be transmitted to.

[0004] Therefore, it is desired that the rotational force in either the forward or reverse direction be transmitted from the drive side to the driven side, and conversely, the rotational force in either the forward or reverse direction be transmitted from the driven side to the drive side. In such a case, there is a problem that the conventional one-way clutch structure cannot cope with the problem.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems. Specifically, any one of the forward and reverse rotational forces is transmitted only from the driving side to the driven side. It is an object of the present invention to provide a one-way clutch structure that can perform the above-described operations.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a one-way clutch structure in which a driving rotary member and a driven rotary member are connected via a linking member composed of divided parts. In the mounted state, they are rotatably and coaxially arranged so that the driving rotation member is inside and the driven rotation member is outside, and the divided portions are biased by a spring force so as to be attracted to each other. With respect to the linked member, the pressing member for pushing and expanding the divided portion of the link member moves in the pressing direction by the rotation of the driving rotation member side, and releases the pressing by the rotation of the link member side. Provided between the drive rotating member and the linking member, the entire linking member including the divided portions is pulled by the spring force in a state where the pressing member does not spread the divided portion of the linking member. so The diameter is increased, and the pressing member is configured to expand the divided portion of the linking member against the spring force so as to increase the diameter, and for each of the divided portions of the linking member, A wedge member for connecting with the driven rotary member by a wedge action is urged to return to the neutral position by a spring force, and when the entire link member is reduced in diameter, the wedge member and the driven member are connected at the neutral position at the neutral position. It is free with respect to the driving rotary member, and is sandwiched between the linking member and the driven rotary member at the neutral position in a state where the entire linking member has a large diameter,
It is characterized in that it is provided so as to exert a wedge action between the linking member and the driven rotating member when it moves away from the neutral position.

[0007] According to the above configuration, in the state where the divided portions of the linking member are not pushed apart by the pressing member, and the respective portions are attracted to each other by the spring force and the entire linking member is reduced in diameter, the driven member is driven. Since the wedge member is free with respect to the linking member and the driven rotation member regardless of whether the rotation member is rotated in the forward or reverse rotation direction, the wedge member is maintained at the neutral position by the spring force and exhibits a wedge action. That is, the driven rotating member only idles, and the rotational force of the driven rotating member is not transmitted to the driving rotating member via the linking member.

In such a state, when the drive rotary member rotates in either the forward or reverse rotation direction, first, the drive rotary member rotates with respect to the link member, so that the pressing member moves the divided portion of the link member. Each part of the linking member acts to push apart and is separated from each other against the spring force, thereby increasing the diameter of the entire linking member, and the wedge member at the neutral position is sandwiched between the linking member and the driven rotary member. Become like

With the wedge member thus sandwiched between the link member and the driven rotary member, the rotation of the drive rotary member is transmitted to the link member via the pressing member, so that the link member rotates. As a result, the wedge member is moved away from the neutral position, and as a result, the link member and the driven rotary member are connected by the wedge action of the wedge member, and the rotation of the drive rotary member is driven by the driven rotation via the link member. It will be transmitted to the member.

At the time when the rotation of the driving rotary member is stopped, the pressing member expands the divided portion of the linking member to enlarge the entire linking member, and the linking member and the driven rotary member are connected by the wedge member. It is in the state as it was.

In such a state, when the driven rotary member is slightly rotated in the rotation direction of the driven rotary member before stopping, the linking member is rotated with the rotation of the driven rotary member. First, by the rotation of the linking member with respect to the drive rotating member, the pressing force of the pressing member for expanding the divided portion of the linking member is released, and the respective portions of the linking member are pulled together by the spring force, so that the entire linking member becomes The diameter is reduced.

When the driven rotary member is further slightly rotated in the same rotation direction in a state where the diameter of the entire link member is reduced, the driven rotary member rotates with respect to the link member. The connection between the driven rotating member and the linking member by the wedge action of the wedge member is released, and the wedge member is returned to the neutral position by the spring force, so that the rotational force of the driven rotating member is not transmitted to the driving rotating member. Is returned to.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a one-way clutch structure according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 3 show a one-way clutch structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a driving rotary member and a driven rotary member are not connected.
Shows a longitudinal section along the rotation axis direction of the one-way clutch, FIG. 2 shows a section along the line AA in FIG.
FIG. 3 shows a cross section taken along line BB of FIG.

In the one-way clutch 1, a driving rotary member 2 to which a driving torque from an electric motor or another driving source is input, and a driving torque transmitted from the driving rotary member 2 to an operating portion (driven portion). When the driven rotating member 3 to be output and the linking member 4 are interposed therebetween, the ball bearing is arranged such that the driven rotating member 2 is radially inside and the driven rotating member 3 is radially outside. 5 are coaxially arranged so as to be rotatable with respect to each other.

In this embodiment, the driven rotary member 3 is integrally connected to the three portions 3a, 3b, 3c by bolts 3d in order to facilitate assembly with other members. Thereby, it is formed as one member.

The linking member 4 interposed between the driving rotary member 2 and the driven rotary member 3 is such that a generally annular member is divided into two substantially semi-annular portions 4A and 4B as a whole. And each of the divided parts 4A and 4B is
Due to the spring force in the contraction direction of the spring 6 provided over both portions, the springs 6 are always attracted to each other and urged so as to be substantially annular.

As shown in FIG. 2, the cylindrical outer periphery of the driving rotary member 2 is separated from the driving rotary member 2 at the divided portion of the linking member 4 (the gap between the mating surfaces of the divided portions 4 A and 4 B). Each of the portions 4A, 4A is formed so that a space having a triangular cross section is provided by the flat notch surface 2a partially formed on the surface.
An inclined surface 4a is formed on the mating surface of B.

Between the linking member 4 and the driving rotary member 2, a space having a triangular cross section surrounded by the inclined surfaces 4 a of the portions 4 A and 4 B of the linking member 4 and the cutout surface 2 a of the driving rotary member 2 is formed. Is a cylindrical roller 7 serving as a pressing member for pressing and spreading a divided portion (a gap between the mating surfaces of the portions 4A and 4B), and a cylindrical outer peripheral surface of which has an inclined surface 4a and a cutout surface 2a.
Are housed so as to come into contact with each other. The angle formed between the inclined surfaces 4a of the portions 4A and 4B is determined by the roller 7 by the inclined surfaces 4a when the roller 7 is pressed against the inclined surfaces 4a and the portions 4A and 4B are drawn. Is pushed back.

Each of the divided portions 4 of the linking member 4
In each of A and 4B, a cylindrical roller 8 serving as a wedge member for connecting the driven rotary member 3 to the driven rotary member 3 by a wedge action is provided between the linked rotary member 3 and the driven rotary member 3.
Are movably housed in a space surrounded by a concave portion formed on the outer surface side of the member and the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the driven rotary member 3.

The cylindrical roller 8 serving as a wedge member is disposed on both sides in the axial direction of the roller 8 in a space surrounded by the concave portion of the linking member 4 and the inner peripheral surface of the driven rotary member 3. Through the springs 9 and the pins 10, the springs 9 are urged to return to the neutral position at all times by the spring force in the extending direction of the springs 9 from both sides.

The operation of the one-way clutch 1 having the above-described structure will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 (A) and 4 (B) and FIGS. 5 (C) and 5 (D).

FIG. 4A corresponds to the state shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in which the roller 7 serving as a pressing member is in contact with the cutout surface 2 a of the driving rotary member 2. As a result, the roller 7 is not pressed by the drive rotating member 2, and the respective portions 4 </ b> A, 4 </ b> A of the link member 4 are not pressed by the roller 7.
Since the divided portion of B is not expanded, the linking members 4 as a whole are attracted to each other (due to the contraction spring force of the spring 6) and have a reduced diameter.

In the state where the diameter of the linking member 4 is reduced as a whole, as shown in FIG. 4 (A), the roller 8 is positioned at its neutral position with the flat bottom surface 4b of the concave portion of the linking member 4. It is in a free state with respect to the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the driven rotary member 3. (Note that the gap between the linking member 4 or the driven rotary member 3 and the roller 8 is actually very small and is not clearly shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.)

In the state shown in FIG. 4A, regardless of whether the driven rotary member 3 is rotated in the forward or reverse rotation direction, the roller 8 serving as a wedge member rotates to rotate the driven rotary member 3. It does not move, and is always maintained at the neutral position (by the spring force of the springs 9 from both sides). The driven rotating member 3 only idles, and the rotational force of the driven rotating member 3 is linked. It is not transmitted to the drive rotation member 2 via the member 4.

When the drive rotary member 2 rotates in either the forward or reverse rotation direction from such a state, as shown in FIG. 2a, the roller 7 is pressed by the end of the cutout surface 2a, so that the roller 7 is connected to each part 4A, 4B of the linking member 4.
By pressing each of the inclined surfaces 4a, the divided portion of the linking member 4 (the gap between the mating surfaces of the portions 4A and 4B) is expanded.
The linking member 4 is in a state in which the portions 4A and 4B are separated (against the contraction spring force of the spring 6) and have a large diameter.

At the same time, the rotation of the driving rotary member 2 is transmitted to the linking member 4 via the roller 7 by pressing the driving rotary member 2, the roller 7 and the linking member 4 (4A, 4B) against each other. The linking member 4 rotates as the rotating member 2 rotates.

On the other hand, when the linking member 4 has a large diameter as a whole, as shown in FIG. 4B, the roller 8 provided between the driven rotary member 3 and the linking member 4 has a neutral position. In the position, the state is sandwiched between the flat bottom surface 4 b of the concave portion of the linking member 4 and the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the driven rotating member 3.

The cylindrical roller 8 is connected to the linking member 4.
In the state where the diameter is reduced as a whole, the bottom surface 4b of the concave portion of the linking member 4 and the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the driven rotary member 3 are free, and the diameter of the linking member 4 is increased as a whole. In the example, the outer diameter (diameter of the cylindrical outer peripheral surface) is set so as to be sandwiched between the bottom surface 4b of the concave portion of the linking member 4 and the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the driven rotary member 3.

The roller 8 is connected to the linking member 4 (the bottom surface 4 of the concave portion).
5B, the linking member 4 rotates with the rotation of the driving rotary member 2 in a state of being sandwiched between the driven rotary member 2 and the driven rotary member 3 (the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the member). As described above, the roller 8 at the neutral position is moved away from the neutral position (against the spring force of the one spring 9), and the bottom surface 4 of the concave portion of the linking member 4 (4A, 4B) is moved.
When the roller 8 bites between b and the inner peripheral surface of the driven rotary member 3, the linking member 4 and the driven rotary member 3 are connected by the wedge action of the roller 8.

As a result, the rotation of the driving rotary member 2 is transmitted to the linking member 4 via the roller 7 serving as a pressing member, and the rotation of the linking member 4 is transmitted to the driven rotary member 3 via the roller 8 serving as a wedge member. By being transmitted, the rotation of the driving rotary member 2 (in either forward or reverse rotation direction) is transmitted to the driven rotary member 3 via the linking member 4.

After the rotation is transmitted from the driving rotary member 2 to the driven rotary member 3 as described above, when the rotation of the driving rotary member 2 is stopped, as shown in FIG. Then, the divided portion of the linking member 4 is expanded by the roller 7 serving as a pressing member, the diameter of the linking member 4 is increased, and the linking member 4 and the driven rotary member 3 are connected by the wedge action of the roller 8 serving as a wedge member. It is in the state as it was.

In such a state, when the driven rotary member 3 is slightly rotated in the rotation direction before the stop, the rotation shown in FIG.
As shown in (D), the linking member 4 (4A, 4B) connected to the driven rotary member 3 via the roller 8 rotates along with the driven rotary member 3 and the driven rotary member 2 stops. When the linking member 4 rotates, the roller 7 serving as the pressing member moves from the end of the cutout surface 2a of the driving rotary member 2 to the center, and the force pressing the roller 7 by the end of the cutout surface 2a is reduced. The force for expanding the divided portion of the linking member 4 by the roller 7 is released, and the portions 4A and 4B of the linking member 4 are pulled toward each other (by the spring force of the spring 6), so that the entire linking member 4 has a small diameter. Be transformed into

Next, the driven rotating member 3 is further moved in the same direction.
Is slightly rotated, the driven rotating member 3 and the linking member 4
The wedge action of the roller 8 is released between them, and the roller 8 is returned to the neutral position (by the spring force of each spring 9), and the rotational force of the driven rotary member 3 as shown in FIG. The state returns to a state where the driving rotation member 2 is not transmitted.

FIG. 6 schematically shows an example of use of the one-way clutch structure of the present invention as shown in the above embodiment. In the device as shown, it is possible to control forward and reverse rotation. By electric motor with brake,
The ball screw can be rotated in either forward or reverse rotation direction via the transmission and the one-way clutch 1 of the present invention. It can be moved back and forth and quickly moved to the vicinity of the desired position by the driving torque of the electric motor.

After the main body is moved back and forth by the driving torque of the electric motor, the electric motor is stopped, and the manual handle is operated. 1, the rotation is not transmitted to the transmission or the electric motor, so that the ball screw can be freely operated with the manual handle without being affected by the electromagnetic braking force of the electric motor or the gear resistance of the transmission. It can be rotated in both forward and reverse directions, the position of the main body can be moved freely, and the position of the machine tool can be finely adjusted.

Although one embodiment of the one-way clutch structure of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the specific structure shown in the above-described embodiment. The design of the roller 7 and the roller 8 serving as a wedge member can be changed as appropriate, for example, it is possible to use not only a cylindrical roller but also a spherical ball. Needless to say, the use of the one-way clutch structure is not limited to the above-described use example, but can be widely used for various devices.

[0038]

According to the one-way clutch structure of the present invention as described above, the rotational force in either the forward rotation or the reverse rotation is transmitted unilaterally from the driving side to the driven side. And transmission from the driven side to the driving side can be completely cut off.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a one-way clutch structure of the present invention, taken along a rotation axis direction in a state where a driving rotary member and a driven rotary member are not connected.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 2;

FIGS. 4A and 4B show an operation state of the one-way clutch structure shown in FIG. 1 in which (A) the driving rotary member is not connected to the driven rotary member, and (B) the driven rotary member starts rotating and the driven rotary member starts rotating. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a state before being connected to the CAM.

FIGS. 5A and 5B show an operation state of the one-way clutch structure shown in FIG. 1 in which (C) a driven rotary member is connected to a rotating drive rotary member, and (D) a drive rotary member is stopped. FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a state before the connection with the driven rotating member is released.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view schematically showing one usage example of the one-way clutch structure of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 One-way clutch 2 Driving rotating member 3 Driven rotating member 4 Linking member 4A, 4B Each part (of the linking member) 6 Spring (to draw each part of the linking member) 7 Roller (pressing member) 8 Roller (wedge member) 9 Spring (for returning the wedge member to the neutral position) 10 Pin (for returning the wedge member to the neutral position)

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a state in which a driving rotating member and a driven rotating member are interposed with a linking member including divided portions, the driving rotating member and the driven rotating member rotate with respect to each other such that the driving rotating member is inside and the driven rotating member is outside. A pressing member, which is freely and coaxially arranged, and which pushes the divided portion of the linking member against the linking member urged by a spring force so that the divided portions are attracted to each other, is driven by a rotation. The link member is provided between the drive rotation member and the link member, and is moved between the drive rotation member and the link member so that the link member moves in the pressing direction by the rotation of the member side and releases the pressure by the rotation of the link member. As a whole, in a state where the pressing member does not spread out the divided portion of the linking member, the diameter is reduced by each portion being pulled by the spring force, and the pressing member pushes out the split portion of the linking member against the spring force. As the diameter increases And a wedge member for connecting each of the divided link members to the driven rotary member by a wedge action so as to return to a neutral position by a spring force. When the entire link member is reduced in diameter, it is free to the link member and the driven rotary member at the neutral position, and when the entire link member is large in diameter, the link member and the driven rotary member are driven at the neutral position. A one-way clutch structure characterized in that the one-way clutch structure is provided so as to be sandwiched by a rotating member and to perform a wedge action between the linking member and the driven rotating member when the member moves away from the neutral position.