JP2000224614A - Three dimensional display method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent image quality from being deteriorated even when a low speed two dimensional display device is employed by changing the focal distance of a variable focus means within one image display time of the two dimensional display device, selecting a desired part of a displayed picture on the two dimensional display device synchronously with the focal distance of the variable focus means and making the selected display picture incident on the variable focus means. SOLUTION: A variable focus lens 13 selects a plurality of focal distances within one display time of a two dimensional display device 10 and displays a three dimensional image via a reflection shutter 17 on the basis of a two dimensional image displayed by the two dimensional display device 10. A controller 15 allows each memory element 18 of a storage element 11 to store data denoting reflection of a two dimensional image with a corresponding depth synchronously with the operation of the variable focus lens 13. The reflection shutter 17 controls a high speed shutter element 12 in response to the data stored in each cell 18 so as to on/off passing of video information from the two dimensional display device 10 toward the variable focus lens 13 in the unit of each cell 18.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a three-dimensional display method and apparatus, and more particularly to a technique effective when applied to a two-dimensional display apparatus for displaying a two-dimensional image in three dimensions.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional three-dimensional display device, a device using liquid crystal shutter glasses, a device using a lenticular lens plate, or holography is known.
However, in a device using liquid crystal shutter glasses,
There was a problem that it was unnatural because the face of the participant could not be confirmed in the video conference because the liquid crystal shutter glasses had to be worn. Further, the device using the lenticular lens plate has a problem that the range in which a parallax image can be observed with both eyes is limited to a narrow range. Furthermore, in an apparatus using liquid crystal shutter glasses or a lenticular lens plate,
Since a contradiction occurs between the convergence recognized by the observer and the focus position of the eye, there is a problem that eye strain occurs. In an apparatus using holography,
Along with the need for coherent light such as laser light,
There was a problem that information of a moving image could not be processed in real time.

As a three-dimensional display device which solves these problems, for example, a variable-focus lens type three-dimensional display device is known as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-243960. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional variable focus lens type three-dimensional display device. As shown in the figure, a conventional variable focus lens type three-dimensional display device includes a two-dimensional display device 61, a variable focus lens 62, and a driving device 63.
And a synchronizer 64. Variable focus lens 6
Numeral 2 is provided between the two-dimensional display device 61 and the observer 66, and changes the focal length at a predetermined speed based on the output of the driving device 63. The synchronization device 64 is a device that synchronizes a two-dimensional image 67 displayed on the two-dimensional display device 61 with a focal position of the variable focus lens 62 based on a drive signal of the drive device 63. That is, when the depth-sampled two-dimensional image displayed on the two-dimensional display device 61 in a time-division manner and the image forming position of this image are synchronized, the observer 66 is caused by the afterimage effect of the eyes.
Is a stereoscopic image 6 which is a collection of sampled images in which images displayed on the two-dimensional display device 61 are substantially arranged in the depth direction.
Since the observation can be performed as 5, the stereoscopic physiological factors such as binocular parallax, convergence, focus adjustment, and dynamic parallax can be satisfied without contradiction, and natural stereoscopic vision can be realized.

[0004]

However, in the conventional variable-focus lens type three-dimensional display device, an image in the depth direction is displayed in a time-division manner. Therefore, a high-speed two-dimensional display device is required, and the display speed is low. When a sufficient two-dimensional display device is used, when displaying not only a still image but also a moving image, there is a problem that image quality deterioration such as flicker is remarkable, resulting in an unnatural three-dimensional image. The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is a binocular parallax that is a physiological factor of stereoscopic vision without using glasses or the like, convergence, focus adjustment and. An object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional display method and apparatus that satisfy dynamic parallax and the like and do not deteriorate image quality even when a low-speed two-dimensional display device is used. Another object of the present invention is to use a high-speed two-dimensional display device, and tertiary satisfies binocular parallax, convergence, focus adjustment and dynamic parallax, which are physiological factors of stereoscopic vision without using glasses or the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a three-dimensional display method and apparatus which can be used for an original display method and apparatus. The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the description of the present specification and the accompanying drawings.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Among the inventions disclosed in the present application, the outline of a representative one will be briefly described.
It is as follows. That is, the present invention relates to a three-dimensional display method for observing a display image of a two-dimensional display device through a variable focus means, wherein the focal length of the variable focus means is within one screen display time of the two-dimensional display device. Is changed, a desired portion of the display image of the two-dimensional display device is selected in synchronization with the focal length of the variable focus unit, and the selected display image is incident on the variable focus unit. And
Further, the present invention is a three-dimensional display method for observing a display image of a transmission type two-dimensional display device through the variable focus means, wherein the variable focus means is provided within one screen display time of the two-dimensional display device. The light transmitted through the transmission type two-dimensional display device is controlled in synchronization with the focal length of the variable focus means, and the light transmitted through a desired portion of the transmission type two-dimensional display device is changed. The light is incident on the variable focus means.

Further, the present invention has a two-dimensional display device, a reflection type shutter device, a variable focus means, a variable focus means driving device, and a synchronization control device, and is reflected by the reflection type shutter device. A three-dimensional display device for observing the display image of the two-dimensional display device through the variable focus means,
The variable focus unit driving device is one of the two-dimensional display devices.
Within a screen display time, the focal length of the variable focus means is changed, and the reflection type shutter device switches between reflecting or blocking incident light in a predetermined direction, or changing incident light in a predetermined direction. Switch between reflection and scattering,
Alternatively, the synchronous control device has a structure in which pixels each including a high-speed shutter element that switches a direction in which incident light is reflected and a storage element that drives the high-speed shutter element are arranged in a two-dimensional array. A desired pixel of the reflective shutter device is driven in synchronization with a display image of the two-dimensional display device and a focal length of the variable focus unit, and a desired portion of the display image of the two-dimensional display device is shifted by the variable focus. It is characterized in that it reflects on the means. Further, the present invention includes a transmission type two-dimensional display device, a high-speed light source device for rapidly switching between light emission and non-light emission for each pixel, a variable focus unit, a variable focus unit driving device, and a synchronization control device. A three-dimensional display device that passes light from the high-speed light source device through the transmission type two-dimensional display device and observes a display image of the transmission type two-dimensional display device through the variable focus unit, The variable focus means driving device changes the focal length of the variable focus means within one screen display time of the transmission type two-dimensional display device, and the synchronization control device controls a display image of the transmission type two-dimensional display device and In synchronization with the focal length of the variable focus unit, a desired pixel of the high-speed light source device is driven to emit light, and a desired portion of a display image of the transmission type two-dimensional display device is caused to emit light by the light emission. Incident on the means And wherein the door. Further, the present invention includes a transmission type two-dimensional display device, a light source, a reflection type shutter device, a variable focus unit, a variable focus unit driving device, and a synchronization control device,
A three-dimensional display device that reflects light from the light source with the reflective shutter device, passes through the transmission type two-dimensional display device, and observes a display image of the transmission type two-dimensional display device through the variable focus unit. Wherein the variable focus means driving device changes the focal length of the variable focus means within one screen display time of the transmission type two-dimensional display device, and the reflection type shutter device determines incident light. A high-speed shutter element that switches between reflecting or blocking in a given direction, or switches whether to reflect or scatter incident light in a predetermined direction, or switches the direction in which incident light is reflected, and drives the high-speed shutter element Pixel consisting of a storage element
The synchronous control device has a structure arranged in a two-dimensional array, and the synchronization control device synchronizes with a display image of the transmission type two-dimensional display device and a focal length of the variable focus means, and controls a desired type of the reflection type shutter device. A pixel is driven to reflect a desired portion of the light from the light source to the transmission type two-dimensional display device, and a desired portion of the display image of the transmission type two-dimensional display device is focused on the variable focus. Incident on the means. Further, the present invention includes a light emitting type two-dimensional display device, a variable focus means, a variable focus means driving device, and a synchronization control device, and displays the display image of the light emitting type two-dimensional display device with the variable focus means. A three-dimensional display device for observing through, wherein the variable focus means driving device, within the afterimage time of the human eye,
The focal length of the variable focus means is changed, and the focal length of the variable focus means is driven by the variable focus means driving device so as to switch to a plurality of values within the afterimage time of the human eye, and the synchronization control device A desired pixel of the light emitting type two-dimensional display device is driven and displayed in synchronization with the focal length of the variable focus means, and display light is incident on the variable focus means. Further, the present invention includes a light source, a reflective two-dimensional display device, a variable focus means, a variable focus means driving device, and a synchronization control device, and transmits light from the light source to the reflective two-dimensional display device. Reflected in the three-dimensional display device to observe the reflected light from the reflective two-dimensional display device through the variable focus means, the variable focus means drive device, within the afterimage time of the human eye, By changing the focal length of the variable focus means, the reflection type two-dimensional display device switches between reflecting or blocking incident light in a predetermined direction, or reflecting or scattering incident light in a predetermined direction. A pixel including a high-speed shutter element for switching whether or not to perform incident light reflection and a memory element for driving the high-speed shutter element is arranged in a two-dimensional array. The device is in front In synchronization with the focal length of the variable focus means, a desired pixel of the light from the light source is driven by driving a desired pixel of the reflection type two-dimensional display device, and is incident on the variable focus means. I do.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. In all the drawings for describing the embodiments, components having the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and repeated description thereof will be omitted. [First Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a three-dimensional display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The three-dimensional display device according to the present embodiment includes a two-dimensional display device 10, a randomly accessible storage element 11, a high-speed shutter element 12, a varifocal lens 13, a driving device 14, and a controller 15. Reference numeral 16 denotes an observer, and the storage element 11 and the high-speed shutter element 12 constitute a reflective shutter device 17. Here, the two-dimensional display device 10 includes, for example, an LCD (liquid crystal display), a ferroelectric liquid crystal display, an antiferroelectric display, a plasma display device, an LED display device, a CRT, or various projector devices. The storage element 11 is, for example, an RA formed on a semiconductor substrate.
The high-speed shutter element 12 includes, for example, a ferroelectric liquid crystal, an antiferroelectric liquid crystal, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal,
It is composed of a holographic polymer liquid crystal or a micro mirror. As will be described later, the varifocal lens 13 switches its focal length to a plurality of values at a predetermined speed by the driving device 14 controlled by the controller 15 within one screen display time of the two-dimensional display device 10. And has a function of displaying a three-dimensional image observed by the observer 16 via the reflective shutter device 17 based on the two-dimensional image displayed on the two-dimensional display device 10.

The reflection type shutter device 17 includes the storage element 1
1. For example, RA formed on a silicon (Si) substrate
It has a structure in which a high-speed shutter element 12 (for example, a ferroelectric liquid crystal, an antiferroelectric liquid crystal, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal, a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal, or a micromirror element) is stacked on the M element. That is, the reflection type shutter device 17 uses, for example, one electrode of each memory cell of a RAM element formed on a silicon (Si) substrate as a pixel electrode, and a liquid crystal (for example, a ferroelectric liquid crystal, an anti- A device in which a liquid crystal is driven for each pixel by laminating a dielectric liquid crystal, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal, or a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal, or each memory cell of a RAM element formed on a silicon (Si) substrate And a liquid crystal panel directly connected to each pixel to drive liquid crystal in each pixel unit, or a micromirror in which a micromirror element is combined with each memory cell of a RAM element formed on a silicon (Si) substrate. An array device. The operation is such that the high-speed shutter element 12 is controlled in accordance with the data stored in each cell 18 of the storage element 11 so that the passage of video information from the two-dimensional display device 10 to the variable focus lens 13 is performed on a cell-by-cell basis. Turn ON / OFF. That is, for example, the polarization direction of a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal is controlled by an electric field to switch between a reflection state and a cutoff state. The direction of reflected light is switched by switching the state or by controlling the electric field of a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal or a micromirror element, for example.

The main operation of this embodiment will be described below. First, a method of reproducing a three-dimensional spatial image by rearranging a plurality of two-dimensional sampled images obtained by dividing a three-dimensional image into a plurality of parts in a depth direction as a raster scan type will be described. In the raster scan type, ON / OFF of each element of the reflection type shutter device 17 is a raster type (each cell is scanned in a fixed direction and speed regardless of a displayed image, and only ON / OFF of each element is determined. (Variable method). That is, (a1) the storage element 11 is synchronized with the operation frame of the varifocal lens 13 by using the controller 15 via, for example, an address line and a data line, and is constant within that frame regardless of the image to be displayed. Access each cell 18 in the direction and speed of ON / OF
F data is input at high speed and stored. The ON / OFF data to be stored is data reflecting only a two-dimensional image at a corresponding depth position in synchronization with the operating focal length of the varifocal lens 13. Then
(A2) The high-speed shutter element 12 is turned on or off in accordance with the data stored in each cell 18 of the storage element 11. As a result, (a3) since only the two-dimensional image at the depth position corresponding to the focal length is displayed in the image displayed by the two-dimensional display device 10, (a4) the focal length of the varifocal lens 13 is equivalent. The desired two-dimensional images can be displayed one after another at the depth position where the image is to be displayed. By repeating (al) to (a4) of the display from the data input of the two-dimensional image a number of times corresponding to the depth sampling number of the three-dimensional image, a three-dimensional spatial image is formed, and the observer 16 can view stereoscopically. Becomes In this method, it is necessary to send unnecessary data (for example, a portion in which nothing is displayed), and high speed of the reflective shutter device 17 is strongly required. And the control system becomes easy, and the reflective shutter device 17 and the controller 15
This has the advantage that the speed can be increased.

[0010] Next, as a vector scan type, unnecessary elementary data is not displayed, and each element image required for the three-dimensional image is displayed in a time series in an order corresponding to the depth position, and a three-dimensional spatial image is displayed. A method for reproducing the above will be described. That is, (b
1) The varifocal lens 13 is stored in the storage element 11 by using the controller 15 via, for example, an address line and a data line.
, And accesses only the cell 18 corresponding to the element image at the depth position corresponding to the focal length, and inputs and stores data for reflecting the image. Then, (b2) the high-speed shutter element 12 is turned on in accordance with the data stored in each cell 18 of the storage element 11, and (b3) the depth of the image displayed by the two-dimensional display device 10 is increased. Only the corresponding element image passes and is displayed. Thereby, (b4) only element images at depth positions corresponding to the focal length of the variable focus lens 13 can be displayed one after another, and by performing (b1) to (b4) in a necessary depth range, a three-dimensional spatial image can be obtained. Thus, the observer 16 can be stereoscopically viewed. In this method, although the address and data are generally random and the control is slightly complicated, unnecessary data (for example, a portion where nothing is displayed) need not be sent. It has the advantage that the burden on high speed can be reduced.

Here, in the steps (bl) and (b2), it is apparent that it is necessary to send the data for stopping the reflection to the cell which is in the reflection state at the previous time and not in the reflection state at this time. It is. However, the reflection type shutter device 1
It is apparent that this is not necessary if a property or function can be added within 7 after a certain period of time from the reflection state to the non-reflection state. Such a device, for example,
A device that uses the monostable state of the liquid crystal element and temporarily removes it from the monostable state to make it a reflection state, and uses this to return to the monostable state after a certain time, so that it does not become the reflection state after a certain time, or a high-speed device Shutter element 1
When 2 is a micro mirror, there are many devices such as a device in which a spring is attached to each micro mirror, and the reflection state is stopped after a certain time due to a balance between the spring and a driving force. further,
If the number of data of the three-dimensional image to be displayed increases and the display time per cell becomes shorter, the entire display becomes darker.In order to prevent this, it is necessary to keep the reflection state for more than a certain time per cell. Clearly, it is beneficial.

The storage element 11 used in the present embodiment, for example, a RAM element formed on a semiconductor substrate can operate at orders of magnitude higher than that of a normal nematic liquid crystal display device, and can easily perform random access. So you can
Only data at an arbitrary pixel position can be rewritten at high speed. The high-speed shutter element 12, for example, a ferroelectric liquid crystal, an antiferroelectric liquid crystal, a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal, a holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal, a micromirror element, or the like can be used as long as a binary change occurs. Since the speed is orders of magnitude higher than that of a nematic liquid crystal element or the like, the above-described operation of the reflection type shutter device 17 becomes possible. The correspondence between the cells in the reflective shutter device 17 in the present embodiment and the pixels in the two-dimensional display device 10 (when the pixel structure is not clearly defined, the region of the reciprocal of the resolution) is one for one cell. It is apparent that a configuration in which pixels are associated and a configuration in which a plurality of pixels are associated with one cell are included in the spirit of the present invention. In the former case, although the number of cells of the reflection type shutter device 17 becomes large and control becomes difficult, there is an advantage that the depth direction can be set more finely. In the latter case, the setting in the depth direction can be performed only in a coarse area, but the number of cells of the reflection type shutter device 17 can be reduced, so that there is an advantage that control and the like become easy. Usually, the resolution in the depth direction of a person is coarser than that in the two-dimensional direction, and it is considered that setting the correspondence in accordance with this resolution is most beneficial. Also,
Since the resolution in the depth direction of a person becomes coarser as the distance from the observer increases, it is also useful to change the correspondence according to the distance. Further, it is apparent that the reflection type shutter device 17 and the two-dimensional display device 10 do not need to be on the same scale, and an enlargement / reduction optical system may be adopted as long as the above-mentioned correspondence is maintained. It is.

FIG. 5 shows a varifocal lens 1 according to this embodiment.
3 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an example of FIG. In the variable focus lens 13 shown in the figure, a fixed focus lens 51 and a variable refractive index material 52 are formed by a pair of transparent electrodes (53, 54) at a fixed interval.
It is constituted by being pinched by. Here, the fixed focus lens 51 is, for example, a single lens made of glass or plastic,
Alternatively, it is composed of a Fresnel lens or the like. Further, as the refractive index variable substance 52, for example, a dual frequency driving liquid crystal, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal, or the like is used. Further, transparent electrodes (53,
54) is composed of, for example, an ITO film, a SnOx film, or the like. In FIG. 5, 55 is a driving device, 56 is incident light, and 57 and 58 are outgoing light. Hereinafter, a case where a two-frequency drive liquid crystal is used as the refractive index variable substance 52 will be described. The dual frequency driving liquid crystal has a refractive index anisotropy and a dielectric anisotropy. Since the sign of the dielectric anisotropy changes depending on the frequency of the applied electric field, the change in the frequency of the applied electric field to the transparent electrodes (53, 54) causes the change in the molecule of the refractive index variable substance (dual-frequency driving liquid crystal) 52. The direction can be changed to be perpendicular, parallel, or intermediate to the direction of the electric field. Therefore, based on the refractive index anisotropy, the refractive index felt by the incident light 56 can be changed by changing the frequency of the applied electric field, so that the focal length of the varifocal lens 13 can be continuously changed. For details of the driving method of the varifocal lens 13, refer to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-243960 previously filed by the present applicant.

Variable focus lens 13 in the present embodiment
As described above, since the refractive index can be changed according to the frequency of the electric field without cutting off the electric field, the advantage that the changing speed of the focal length of the varifocal lens 13 can be easily increased by increasing the electric field. Have. Note that, even when a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal in which a large number of liquid crystals having a small particle diameter are dispersed in a polymer is used as the refractive index variable substance 52, the particle diameter of the liquid crystal is sufficiently smaller than the wavelength of visible light.
By setting the thickness to 100 nm or less, there is an advantage that scattering can be suppressed, high transmittance and high resolution can be obtained, and the present invention can be applied to the present invention as a high-speed varifocal lens. In addition, as the variable focus lens 13, besides the liquid crystal variable focus lens shown in FIG.
For example, a varifocal mirror (Traub A, C. Stereosco
pic Display Using FapidMirror Oscillation. Appl.Op
t.6, (1967)), an apparatus including a combination of a plurality of polarizing bifocal lenses and a plurality of polarization switching devices (Japanese Patent Application No. 11-552), or a DMD (Digita
l Mirror Device) can be used.
These devices can change the focal length continuously or stepwise.

[Second Embodiment] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a three-dimensional display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The three-dimensional display device according to the present embodiment includes a light source 20;
A randomly accessible storage element 21, a high-speed shutter element 22, a variable focus lens 23, a driving device 24,
It has a controller 25 and a transmission type two-dimensional display device 29. Reference numeral 26 denotes an observer.
1 and the high-speed shutter element 22
7 is constituted. Here, the randomly accessible storage element 21 is composed of, for example, a RAM element formed on a semiconductor substrate, and the high-speed shutter element 22 is composed of, for example, a ferroelectric liquid crystal, an anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal, and a polymer. It is composed of a dispersion type liquid crystal, a holographic polymer dispersion type liquid crystal, or a micromirror element. The transmission type two-dimensional display device 29 is, for example, an LCD, a ferroelectric liquid crystal display,
Consists of an antiferroelectric display. Variable focus lens 2
3 is a driving device 2 controlled by the controller 25 as shown in FIG. 5 or as described in the first embodiment.
4 is a lens configured to change the focal length at a predetermined speed, and based on a two-dimensional image displayed on the two-dimensional display device 20 via a reflective shutter device 27,
It has a function of displaying a three-dimensional image observed by the observer 26.

The reflection type shutter device 27 includes a storage element 2
1. For example, RA formed on a silicon (Si) substrate
The high-speed shutter element 22 (for example, a ferroelectric liquid crystal, an antiferroelectric liquid crystal, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal, a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal, or a micromirror element) is stacked on the M element. That is, the reflection type shutter device 27 uses, for example, one electrode of each memory cell of a RAM element formed on a silicon (Si) substrate as a pixel electrode, and a liquid crystal (for example, a ferroelectric liquid crystal, an anti- A device in which a liquid crystal is driven for each pixel by laminating a dielectric liquid crystal, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal, or a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal, or each memory cell of a RAM element formed on a silicon (Si) substrate And a liquid crystal panel directly connected to each pixel to drive liquid crystal in each pixel unit, or a micromirror in which a micromirror element is combined with each memory cell of a RAM element formed on a silicon (Si) substrate. An array device. The operation is such that the high-speed shutter element 22 is controlled in accordance with the data stored in each cell 28 of the storage element 21 so that light passing from the light source 20 toward the transmission type two-dimensional display device 29 and the variable focus lens 23 is passed. ON / OFF for each cell unit. That is, for example, the polarization direction of a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal is controlled by an electric field to switch between a reflection state and a cutoff state. The state is switched, or the direction of reflection of the reflected light is switched by controlling the electric field of, for example, a holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal or a micromirror element.

The main operation of this embodiment will be described below.
First, a method of reproducing a three-dimensional spatial image by rearranging a plurality of two-dimensional sampled images obtained by dividing a three-dimensional image into a plurality of parts in a depth direction as a raster scan type will be described. It should be noted that the raster scan type means that the ON / OFF of each element of the reflective shutter device 27 is a raster type (each cell is scanned in a fixed direction and speed regardless of the image to be displayed, and only the ON / OFF of each element is determined. (Variable method). That is, (c1) the storage element 21
Using the controller 25, for example, via an address line and a data line, access to each cell 28 in a fixed direction and speed regardless of the image to be displayed, in synchronization with the operation frame of the varifocal lens 23. And ON / OF
F data is input at high speed and stored. The ON / OFF data to be stored is data reflecting only a two-dimensional image at a corresponding depth position in synchronization with the operating focal length of the varifocal lens 23. Then
(C2) The high-speed shutter element 22 is turned on or off in accordance with the data stored in each cell 28 of the storage element 21. As a result, (c3) the transmission type two-dimensional display device 2
Since the light of the light source 20 passes through only the part of the two-dimensional image at the depth position corresponding to the focal length in the image displayed by 9, (c4) the light at the depth position corresponding to the focal length of the varifocal lens 23 Desired two-dimensional images can be displayed one after another.
From the data input of the two-dimensional sampled image, (c1) to
By repeating (c4) the number of times corresponding to the number of depth samplings of the three-dimensional image, a three-dimensional space image is formed, and the observer 26 can view stereoscopically. In this method, it is necessary to send unnecessary data (for example, a portion in which nothing is displayed), and the high speed of the reflection type shutter device 27 is strongly required. In this case, there is an advantage that the control system is simplified and the speed of the reflective shutter device 27 and the controller 25 can be increased.

Next, as a vector scan type, unnecessary data are not displayed, and each required element image of the three-dimensional image is displayed in a time series in an order corresponding to the depth position to reproduce the three-dimensional image. A method for performing the above will be described. That is, (d1) the storage element 21 is synchronized with the operation of the varifocal lens 23 via the address line and the data line, for example, via the address line and the data line, and corresponds to the element image at the depth position corresponding to the focal length. Only the cell 28 to be accessed is accessed, and data for reflecting an image is input and stored. Then, (d2) the high-speed shutter element 22 is turned on in accordance with the data stored in each cell 28 of the storage element 21, and (d3) focuses on the image displayed by the transmission type two-dimensional display device 29. The light of the light source 20 passes through only the part of the element image at the depth position corresponding to the distance and is displayed. As a result, (d4) only the elemental images can be sequentially displayed at the depth position corresponding to the focal length of the variable focus lens 23, and (d4)
By performing 1) to (d4) in the required depth range,
A three-dimensional spatial image is formed, and the observer 26 can view stereoscopically. In this method, the address and data are generally random and the control is slightly complicated, but unnecessary data (for example, a portion in which nothing is displayed) need not be sent. It has the advantage of reducing the burden on sex.

Here, in the steps (d1) and (d2), it is apparent that it is necessary to send the data for stopping the reflection to the cell which is in the reflection state at the previous time and not in the reflection state at this time. It is. However, the reflective shutter device 2
It is apparent that this is not necessary if a property or function can be added within 7 after a certain time after the reflection state is established within the reflection state. Such a device uses, for example, a monostable state of a liquid crystal element, temporarily removes from the monostable state to a reflection state, and utilizes a state in which the liquid crystal element returns to the monostable state after a predetermined time to reflect after a predetermined time. There are a number of devices such as a device that goes out of the state, or a device in which a spring is attached to each micro mirror when the high-speed shutter element 12 is a micro mirror, and that does not go into the reflection state after a certain period of time due to the balance between this and the driving force. Further, when the number of data of the three-dimensional image to be displayed increases and the display time per cell is shortened, it is useful to keep the reflection state for a certain time or longer per cell in order to prevent the entire display from being darkened. Clearly there is. The storage element 21 used in the present embodiment, for example, R formed on a semiconductor substrate
The AM element can operate at an order of magnitude higher than that of a normal nematic liquid crystal display device, and can easily perform random access. Therefore, only data at an arbitrary pixel position can be rewritten at high speed. Also, the high-speed shutter element 22
(For example, a ferroelectric liquid crystal, an antiferroelectric liquid crystal, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal, a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal, a micromirror element, etc.) can be compared with a normal nematic liquid crystal element if it changes in binary. Because of the extremely high speed, the operation of the above-mentioned reflective shutter device 27 becomes possible.

The reflective shutter device 2 according to the present embodiment
7 and the pixels in the transmission type two-dimensional display device 29 (when the pixel structure is not clearly defined, the area is the reciprocal of the resolution). It is apparent that a configuration in which a plurality of pixels correspond to one cell is also included in the gist of the present invention. In the former case, the number of cells of the reflective shutter device 27 becomes large and control becomes difficult, but there is an advantage that the depth direction can be set more finely. In the latter case, the depth direction can be set only in a coarse area, but there is an advantage that the number of cells of the reflective shutter device 27 can be reduced and control and the like can be facilitated. Usually, the resolution in the depth direction of a person is coarser than that in the two-dimensional direction, and it is considered that setting the correspondence in accordance with this resolution is most beneficial. Further, since the resolution in the depth direction of a person becomes coarser as the distance from the observer increases, it is also useful to change the correspondence according to the distance. Further, the reflection type shutter device 27 and the transmission type two-dimensional display device 29 etc.
It is not necessary to use the same scale, and it is obvious that an enlargement / reduction optical system may be employed as long as the above-mentioned correspondence is maintained.

[Third Embodiment] FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a three-dimensional display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The three-dimensional display device according to the present embodiment includes a transmissive two-dimensional display device 30, a randomly accessible light-emitting display device 31, a varifocal lens 33, a driving device 34, and a controller 35. Reference numeral 36 denotes an observer. Here, the transmission type two-dimensional display device 30 is, for example, L
The light-emitting display device 31 constituted by a CD, a ferroelectric liquid crystal display, an anti-ferroelectric display, and the like, and which can be randomly accessed includes, for example, an LCD, a ferroelectric liquid crystal display,
Antiferroelectric display, etc., EL, FED, C
It is composed of an RT device and the like. The varifocal lens 33 is a lens configured to change the focal length at a predetermined speed by a driving device 34 controlled by a controller 35 as described in FIG. 5 or as described in the first embodiment. Yes, 2 displayed on the transmission two-dimensional display device 30
It has a function of displaying a three-dimensional image observed by the observer 36 based on the three-dimensional image. The operation of the light-emitting display device 31 is such that each single element emits light in accordance with the data input to or input to and stored in each single element 38 and serves as a light source for the transmission type two-dimensional display device 30, thereby achieving variable focus. The video information directed to the lens 33 is turned on / off for each single element.

The main operation of this embodiment will be described below. First, a method of reproducing a three-dimensional spatial image by rearranging a plurality of two-dimensional sampled images obtained by dividing a three-dimensional image into a plurality of parts in a depth direction as a raster scan type will be described. Note that the raster scan type means that the ON / OFF of each individual element 38 of the light emitting display device 31 is a raster type (each individual element 3 is fixed at a fixed direction and speed regardless of the image to be displayed).
8 is a method in which scanning is performed and only ON / OFF of each single element 38 is changed). That is, (e
l) The light-emitting display device 31 is synchronized with the operation frame of the varifocal lens 33 by using the controller 35, for example, via an address line and a data line, and within the frame, regardless of the image to be displayed. Each unit element 38 is accessed in the direction and the speed, and ON / OFF data is input and stored at a high speed. The ON / OFF data to be stored is data that displays only a two-dimensional image at a corresponding depth position in synchronization with the operating focal length of the varifocal lens 33. Then, (e2) each elementary element 38 emits light or does not emit light in accordance with this data. As a result, (e3) since the light of the light-emitting display device 31 passes through only the part of the two-dimensional image at the depth position corresponding to the focal length in the image displayed by the transmission two-dimensional display device 30, e4) Desired two-dimensional images can be displayed one after another at a depth position corresponding to the focal length of the variable focus lens 33. From the data input of this two-dimensional sampled image,
By repeating 1) to (e4) the number of times corresponding to the depth sampling number of the three-dimensional image, a three-dimensional space image is formed,
The observer 36 can be stereoscopically viewed. In this method, it is necessary to send unnecessary data (for example, a portion in which nothing is displayed), and high-speed operation of the light emitting display device 31 is strongly required. In this case, the control system can be simplified, and the speed of the light emitting display device 31 and the controller 35 can be increased.

Next, as a vector scan type, unnecessary element data is not displayed, and each element image required for the three-dimensional image is displayed in a time series in an order corresponding to the depth position to reproduce the three-dimensional image. A method for performing the above will be described. That is, (f1) the varifocal lens 33 is connected to the light-emitting display device 31 by using the controller 35, for example, via the address line and the data line.
The data for emitting light is input or input / stored only in the single element 38 corresponding to the element image at the depth position corresponding to the focal length, in synchronization with the operation of (1). Then, (f2) each element element 38 emits light in accordance with this data, and (f3) the element image at the depth position corresponding to the focal length in the image displayed by the transmission type two-dimensional display device 30. The light of the light-emitting display device 31 passes through only the portion and is displayed. As a result, (f4) only the elemental images can be displayed one after another at a depth position corresponding to the focal length of the variable focus lens 33, and by performing (fl) to (f4) in a required depth range, a three-dimensional spatial image can be obtained. Formed, observer 3
6 becomes stereoscopically visible. In this method, although the address and data are generally random and the control is slightly complicated, unnecessary data (for example, a portion where nothing is displayed) does not need to be sent. It has the advantage that the burden on high speed can be reduced.

Here, in the steps (fl) and (f2), it is apparent that it is necessary to send data for stopping light emission to the cell which is in the light emitting state at the previous time and which is not in the light emitting state at this time. It is. However, it is apparent that this is not necessary if a property or function that the light-emitting display device 31 does not remain in the light-emitting state after a predetermined time from the light-emitting state can be added. Such a device uses, for example, a monostable state of a liquid crystal element, temporarily removes from the monostable state to a reflection state, and utilizes a state in which the liquid crystal element returns to the monostable state after a predetermined time to reflect after a predetermined time. There are a number of devices such as a device that goes out of the state, or a device in which a spring is attached to each micro mirror when the high-speed shutter element 12 is a micro mirror, and that does not go into the reflection state after a certain period of time due to the balance between this and the driving force. Further, when the number of data of the three-dimensional image to be displayed increases and the display time per cell is shortened, the entire display is darkened. In order to prevent this, the light emitting state is continued for a certain time or longer per cell. It is clear that this is beneficial.

The correspondence between the single element 38 in the light-emitting display device 31 in this embodiment and the pixel in the transmissive two-dimensional display device 30 (in the case where the pixel structure is not clearly defined, it is a region of the reciprocal of the resolution) , One for one element
It is apparent that a configuration in which pixels are associated and a configuration in which a plurality of pixels are associated with one single element are included in the spirit of the present invention. In the former case, the number of single elements of the light-emitting display device 31 becomes large and control becomes difficult, but there is an advantage that the depth direction can be set more finely. In the latter case, the setting in the depth direction can be performed only in a coarse area, but there is an advantage that the number of single elements of the light emitting display device 31 can be reduced and control and the like can be facilitated. Since the resolution in the depth direction of a normal person is coarser than in the two-dimensional direction, it is considered that setting the correspondence in accordance with this resolution is most beneficial. Further, since the resolution in the depth direction of a person becomes coarser as the distance from the observer increases, it is also useful to change the correspondence according to the distance. Further, the light-emitting display device 31 and the transmission type two-dimensional display device 30 do not need to have the same scale, and an enlargement / reduction optical system may be adopted as long as the correspondence described above is maintained. Is clear. Further, the image displayed on the light emitting display device 31 may be directly incident on the variable focus lens 33 without providing the transmission type two-dimensional display device 30.

[Fourth Embodiment] FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a three-dimensional display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The three-dimensional display device of the present embodiment includes a light source 47,
A randomly accessible storage element 41, a high-speed shutter element 42, a varifocal lens 43, a driving device 44,
And a controller 45. Reference numeral 46 denotes an observer, and the light source 47 and the storage element 41 constitute a two-dimensional display device 40. Here, the randomly accessible storage element 41 is, for example, an R element formed on a semiconductor substrate.
And a high-speed shutter element 42
Is composed of, for example, a ferroelectric liquid crystal, an antiferroelectric liquid crystal, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal, a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal, or a micromirror element. The varifocal lens 43 includes the driving device 4 controlled by the controller 45 as described in FIG. 5 or as described in the first embodiment.
4 is a lens configured to change the focal length at a predetermined speed by using a function of displaying a three-dimensional image observed by the observer 46 based on the two-dimensional image displayed on the two-dimensional display device 40. Having. The two-dimensional display device 40 includes a storage element 41, for example, a RAM element formed on a silicon (Si) substrate, and a high-speed shutter element 42 (for example, a ferroelectric liquid crystal, an anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal, (Holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal, micro-mirror element, etc.). That is, in the two-dimensional display device 40, for example, one electrode of each memory cell of a RAM element formed on a silicon (Si) substrate is used as a pixel electrode, and a liquid crystal (for example, a ferroelectric liquid crystal, A device in which a liquid crystal is driven for each pixel by laminating a dielectric liquid crystal, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal, or a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal, or each memory cell of a RAM element formed on a silicon (Si) substrate And a liquid crystal panel directly connected to each pixel to drive liquid crystal in each pixel unit, or a micromirror in which a micromirror element is combined with each memory cell of a RAM element formed on a silicon (Si) substrate. An array device. The operation is such that the high-speed shutter element 42 is controlled in accordance with the data stored in each cell 48 of the storage element 41 so that the varifocal lens 4
ON / O for each cell unit
Perform FF to obtain video information. That is, for example, the polarization direction of a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal is controlled by an electric field to switch between a reflection state and a cutoff state. Switching the state or, for example, by controlling the electric field of the holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal or micro-mirror element,
Switch the direction of reflected light.

The main operation of this embodiment will be described below. First, a method of reproducing a three-dimensional spatial image by rearranging a plurality of two-dimensional sampled images obtained by dividing a three-dimensional image into a plurality of parts in a depth direction as a raster scan type will be described. In the raster scan type, the ON / OFF of each cell 48 of the two-dimensional display device 40 is a raster type (each cell 48 is scanned in a fixed direction and at a constant speed regardless of the image to be displayed, and each cell 48 is turned ON / OFF). This is a method in which only OFF changes. That is, (g1) storage element 4
1. Using the controller 45, for example, via an address line and a data line, synchronize with the operation frame of the varifocal lens 43, and within that frame each cell in a fixed direction and speed regardless of the image to be displayed. Access to 48 and ON
/ OFF data is input at high speed and stored. The ON / OFF data to be stored is stored in the varifocal lens 43.
In synchronization with the operating focal length, the data for reflecting only the two-dimensional image at the corresponding depth position is used. Then, (g2) the high-speed shutter element 42 is turned on or off in accordance with the data stored in each cell 48 of the storage element 41. As a result, (g3) the light of the light source 47 is reflected at the part of the two-dimensional image at the depth position corresponding to the focal length, and (g4) the desired two-dimensional image at the depth position corresponding to the focal length of the variable focus lens 43. Can be displayed one after another. By repeating (gl) to (g4) of display from the data input of the two-dimensional sampled image by the number of times corresponding to the number of depth samplings of the three-dimensional image, a three-dimensional space image is formed, and the observer 46 becomes three-dimensional. It becomes visible. in this way,
It is necessary to send unnecessary data (for example, a part in which nothing is displayed), and high speed of the two-dimensional display device 40 is strongly required. However, if the address and data are sent in a predetermined order, for example, This is advantageous in that the control system is simplified and the two-dimensional display device 40 and the controller 45 can be operated at high speed.

Next, as a vector scan type, unnecessary data are not displayed, and each required element image of the three-dimensional image is displayed in a time series in an order corresponding to the depth position, and the three-dimensional space image is displayed. A method of reproducing the data will be described. That is, (h1)
For example, using the controller 45 in the storage element 41,
Via the address line and the data line, data for reflecting an image is input and stored only in the cell 48 corresponding to the element image at the depth position corresponding to the focal length, in synchronization with the operation of the varifocal lens 43. . Then, (h2) the high-speed shutter element 42 is turned on in accordance with the data stored in each cell 48 of the storage element 41, and (h3) a part of the element image at a depth position corresponding to the focal length of the light from the light source 47. Only reflected and displayed. Thus, (h
4) Only elemental images can be sequentially displayed at a depth position corresponding to the focal length of the variable focus lens 43, and (hl) to (h4)
Is performed in the necessary depth range, a three-dimensional spatial image is formed, and the observer 46 can view stereoscopically. In this method, although the address and data are generally random and the control is slightly complicated, unnecessary data (for example, a portion where nothing is displayed) does not need to be sent. It has the advantage of reducing the burden on sex.

Here, in the steps (hl) and (h2), it is apparent that it is necessary to send data for stopping reflection to the cell which is in the reflection state at the previous time and not in the reflection state at this time. It is. However, the high-speed shutter element 42
It is clear that this is not necessary if a property or function that disappears after a predetermined time from the reflection state can be added. Such a device uses, for example, a monostable state of a liquid crystal element, temporarily removes from the monostable state to a reflection state, and utilizes a state in which the liquid crystal element returns to the monostable state after a predetermined time to reflect after a predetermined time. There are a number of devices such as a device that goes out of the state, or a device in which a spring is attached to each micro mirror when the high-speed shutter element 12 is a micro mirror, and that does not go into the reflection state after a certain period of time due to the balance between this and the driving force. Further, when the number of data of the three-dimensional image to be displayed is increased and the display time per cell is shortened, the entire display is darkened. It is clear that continuing is beneficial.

In the present embodiment, halftone display may be required. However, this may be achieved by using an existing method (for example, time-sharing at the expense of high speed).
It is obvious that the display time is expressed in the form of 2 ⁿ , and a combination thereof is used to perform time-division gray scale display). The storage element 41 used in the present embodiment, for example, a RAM element formed on a semiconductor substrate can operate at an order of magnitude higher speed than a normal nematic liquid crystal display device, and can be easily random-accessed. ,
Only data at an arbitrary pixel position can be rewritten at high speed. The high-speed shutter element 42 (for example, a ferroelectric liquid crystal, an antiferroelectric liquid crystal, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal, a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal, or a micromirror element) has a normal change as long as it has a binary change. Since the speed is orders of magnitude higher than that of a nematic liquid crystal element or the like, the operation of the high-speed shutter element 42 can be performed. Further, it is obvious that the two-dimensional display device 40 and the high-speed shutter element 42 do not need to be on the same scale, and an enlargement / reduction optical system may be adopted as long as the above-mentioned correspondence is maintained. is there. As described above, the invention made by the inventor has been specifically described based on the embodiment.
It is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be variously changed without departing from the gist thereof.

[0031]

The effects obtained by typical ones of the inventions disclosed in the present application will be briefly described as follows. (1) According to the present invention, it is possible to follow the operation cycle of the variable focus means by using a reflective shutter device including a high-speed storage element and a shutter element, and to perform stereoscopic viewing without using glasses or the like. In addition to satisfying physiological factors such as binocular parallax, convergence, focus adjustment, and dynamic parallax, it is possible to display an electrically rewritable moving image. Further, since the operation cycle of the reflective shutter device and the variable focus lens may be matched, the supply of the image to the two-dimensional display device or the transmission two-dimensional display device is performed, for example, at a normal frame rate of 30, 60 frames / sec. The rate is fine. Therefore, a high-speed two-dimensional display device is unnecessary, and a commercially available two-dimensional display device or a transmission type two-dimensional display device can be used. (2) According to the present invention, by using a high-speed light source device, it becomes possible to follow the operation cycle of the variable focus means, and binocular parallax and convergence which are physiological factors of stereoscopic vision without using glasses or the like. In addition to satisfying the focus adjustment and the dynamic parallax, it is possible to display an electrically rewritable moving image. Further, since the operation cycle of the high-speed light source device may be adjusted, the supply of the image to the transmission type two-dimensional display device may be a normal frame rate of, for example, 30, 60 frames / sec. Therefore, a high-speed two-dimensional display device is unnecessary, and a commercially available transmission two-dimensional display device can be used. (3) According to the present invention, the operation cycle of the variable focus means is made to follow the operation cycle of the variable focus means by using the high-speed light-emitting two-dimensional display device. In addition to satisfying parallax, convergence, focus adjustment, dynamic parallax, and the like, it is possible to display an electrically rewritable moving image. (4) According to the present invention, the operation cycle of the variable focus means is made to follow the operation cycle of the variable focus means by using the reflection type two-dimensional display device including the high-speed storage element and the shutter element. In addition to satisfying physiological factors such as binocular parallax, convergence, focus adjustment, and dynamic parallax, it is possible to display an electrically rewritable moving image.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a three-dimensional display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a three-dimensional display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a three-dimensional display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a three-dimensional display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an example of a variable focus lens according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional variable focus lens type three-dimensional display device.

[Explanation of symbols]

10, 40, 61 ... two-dimensional display device, 11, 21, 41
... storage elements, 12, 22, 42 ... high-speed shutter elements, 1
3, 23, 33, 43, 62 ... variable focus lens, 14,
24, 34, 44, 63 ... driving device, 15, 25, 3
5, 45 ... controller, 16, 26, 36, 46, 6
6 observer, 17, 27 reflective shutter device, 20,
47 light source, 28, 48 cell, 29, 30 transmission two-dimensional display device, 31 light-emitting display device, 51 fixed focus lens, 52 variable refractive index material, 53, 54 transparent electrode, 64 Synchronizing device, 65: stereoscopic image, 67: two-dimensional image.

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] February 8, 1999 (1999.2.8)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Claim 6

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0004

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0004]

However, in the conventional variable-focus lens type three-dimensional display device, an image in the depth direction is displayed in a time-division manner. Therefore, a high-speed two-dimensional display device is required, and the display speed is low. When a sufficient two-dimensional display device is used, when displaying not only a still image but also a moving image, there is a problem that image quality deterioration such as flicker is remarkable, resulting in an unnatural three-dimensional image. The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is a binocular parallax that is a physiological factor of stereoscopic vision without using glasses or the like, convergence, focus adjustment and. An object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional display method and apparatus that satisfy dynamic parallax and the like and do not deteriorate image quality even when a low-speed two-dimensional display device is used. Another object of the present invention is to use a high-speed two-dimensional display device, and tertiary satisfies binocular parallax, convergence, focus adjustment and dynamic parallax, which are physiological factors of stereoscopic vision without using glasses or the like. It is to provide a three-dimensional table 示装 location available based on the display method and apparatus. The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the description of the present specification and the accompanying drawings.

[Procedure amendment 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0006

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Further, the present invention has a two-dimensional display device, a reflection type shutter device, a variable focus means, a variable focus means driving device, and a synchronization control device, and is reflected by the reflection type shutter device. A three-dimensional display device for observing the display image of the two-dimensional display device through the variable focus means,
The variable focus unit driving device is one of the two-dimensional display devices.
Within a screen display time, the focal length of the variable focus means is changed, and the reflection type shutter device switches between reflecting or blocking incident light in a predetermined direction, or changing incident light in a predetermined direction. Switch between reflection and scattering,
Alternatively, the synchronous control device has a structure in which pixels each including a high-speed shutter element that switches a direction in which incident light is reflected and a storage element that drives the high-speed shutter element are arranged in a two-dimensional array. A desired pixel of the reflective shutter device is driven in synchronization with a display image of the two-dimensional display device and a focal length of the variable focus unit, and a desired portion of the display image of the two-dimensional display device is shifted by the variable focus. It is characterized in that it reflects on the means. Further, the present invention includes a transmission type two-dimensional display device, a high-speed light source device for rapidly switching between light emission and non-light emission for each pixel, a variable focus unit, a variable focus unit driving device, and a synchronization control device. A three-dimensional display device that passes light from the high-speed light source device through the transmission type two-dimensional display device and observes a display image of the transmission type two-dimensional display device through the variable focus unit, The variable focus means driving device changes the focal length of the variable focus means within one screen display time of the transmission type two-dimensional display device, and the synchronization control device controls a display image of the transmission type two-dimensional display device and In synchronization with the focal length of the variable focus unit, a desired pixel of the high-speed light source device is driven to emit light, and a desired portion of a display image of the transmission type two-dimensional display device is caused to emit light by the light emission. Incident on the means And wherein the door. Further, the present invention includes a transmission type two-dimensional display device, a light source, a reflection type shutter device, a variable focus unit, a variable focus unit driving device, and a synchronization control device,
A three-dimensional display device that reflects light from the light source with the reflective shutter device, passes through the transmission type two-dimensional display device, and observes a display image of the transmission type two-dimensional display device through the variable focus unit. Wherein the variable focus means driving device changes the focal length of the variable focus means within one screen display time of the transmission type two-dimensional display device, and the reflection type shutter device determines incident light. A high-speed shutter element that switches between reflecting or blocking in a given direction, or switches whether to reflect or scatter incident light in a predetermined direction, or switches the direction in which incident light is reflected, and drives the high-speed shutter element Pixel consisting of a storage element
The synchronous control device has a structure arranged in a two-dimensional array, and the synchronization control device synchronizes with a display image of the transmission type two-dimensional display device and a focal length of the variable focus means, and controls a desired type of the reflection type shutter device. A pixel is driven to reflect a desired portion of the light from the light source to the transmission type two-dimensional display device, and a desired portion of the display image of the transmission type two-dimensional display device is focused on the variable focus. Incident on the means. Further, the present invention includes a light emitting type two-dimensional display device, a variable focus means, a variable focus means driving device, and a synchronization control device, and displays the display image of the light emitting type two-dimensional display device with the variable focus means. A three-dimensional display device for observing through, wherein the variable focus means driving device, within the afterimage time of the human eye,
The variable focus changing the focal length of means, before Symbol synchronization control unit, the variable in synchronism with the focal length of the focusing means to display by driving the desired pixels of the luminescent type two-dimensional display device, the display light Is incident on the variable focus means. Further, the present invention includes a light source, a reflective two-dimensional display device, a variable focus means, a variable focus means driving device, and a synchronization control device, and transmits light from the light source to the reflective two-dimensional display device. Reflected in the three-dimensional display device to observe the reflected light from the reflective two-dimensional display device through the variable focus means, the variable focus means drive device, within the afterimage time of the human eye, By changing the focal length of the variable focus means, the reflection type two-dimensional display device switches between reflecting or blocking incident light in a predetermined direction, or reflecting or scattering incident light in a predetermined direction. Switch between
Alternatively, the synchronous control device has a structure in which pixels each including a high-speed shutter element that switches a direction in which incident light is reflected and a storage element that drives the high-speed shutter element are arranged in a two-dimensional array. In synchronization with the focal length of the focus unit, a desired pixel of the light from the light source is driven by driving a desired pixel of the reflection type two-dimensional display device to enter the variable focus unit. .

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Hideaki Takada 3-19-2 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Japan Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (72) Inventor Katojo Uehira 3-19, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo No. 2 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation F-term (reference)

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A three-dimensional display method for observing a display image of a two-dimensional display device via a variable focus means, wherein a focal length of the variable focus means is set within one screen display time of the two-dimensional display device. Changing, in synchronization with the focal length of the variable focus means, selecting a desired portion of the display image of the two-dimensional display device, and entering the selected display image into the variable focus means. 3D display method. 2. A three-dimensional display method for observing a display image of a transmission type two-dimensional display device via said variable focus means, wherein said variable focus means is controlled within one screen display time of said two-dimensional display device. Changing the focal length, controlling the light transmitted through the transmission type two-dimensional display device in synchronization with the focal length of the variable focus means, and transmitting the light transmitted through a desired portion of the transmission type two-dimensional display device. A three-dimensional display method characterized by being incident on variable focus means. 3. A two-dimensional display device, comprising: a two-dimensional display device, a reflective shutter device, a variable focus means, a variable focus means driving device, and a synchronization control device, wherein the two-dimensional display reflected by the reflective shutter device is provided. A three-dimensional display device for observing a display image of the device via the variable focus unit, wherein the variable focus unit driving device is one of the two-dimensional display devices.
Within the screen display time, changing the focal length of the variable focus means, the reflection type shutter device switches between reflecting or blocking incident light in a predetermined direction, or changing the incident light in a predetermined direction. It has a structure in which pixels each including a high-speed shutter element that switches between reflecting and scattering or a direction in which incident light is reflected and a storage element that drives the high-speed shutter element are arranged in a two-dimensional array. The synchronization control device drives a desired pixel of the reflection type shutter device in synchronization with a display image of the two-dimensional display device and a focal length of the variable focus unit, and controls a display image of the two-dimensional display device. A three-dimensional display device, wherein a desired portion of the three-dimensional display is reflected by the variable focus means. 4. A transmission type two-dimensional display device, a high-speed light source device for rapidly switching between light emission and non-light emission for each pixel, a variable focus means, a variable focus means driving device, and a synchronization control device, A three-dimensional display device for passing light from the high-speed light source device through the transmission type two-dimensional display device and observing a display image of the transmission type two-dimensional display device through the variable focus means, wherein the variable A focus unit driving device that changes a focal length of the variable focus unit within one screen display time of the transmission type two-dimensional display device, the synchronization control device controls a display image of the transmission type two-dimensional display device and the In synchronization with the focal length of the variable focus unit, a desired pixel of the high-speed light source device is driven to emit light, and the light emission causes a desired portion of a display image of the transmission type two-dimensional display device to be changed by the variable focus unit. Incident on And a three-dimensional display device. 5. A transmission type two-dimensional display device, a light source, a reflection type shutter device, a variable focus means, a variable focus means driving device, and a synchronization control device, wherein the light from the light source is reflected by the light source. A three-dimensional display device that reflects light from a shutter device, passes through the transmission type two-dimensional display device, and observes a display image of the transmission type two-dimensional display device through the variable focus unit. The driving device changes the focal length of the variable focus means within one screen display time of the transmission type two-dimensional display device, and the reflection type shutter device reflects or blocks incident light in a predetermined direction. A high-speed shutter element that switches whether to reflect or scatter incident light in a predetermined direction, or a direction in which incident light is reflected, and a storage element that drives the high-speed shutter element. Pixels are arranged in a two-dimensional array, and the synchronization control device is configured to synchronize the reflection type shutter with a display image of the transmission type two-dimensional display device and a focal length of the variable focus unit. A desired pixel of the light from the light source is driven to reflect a desired portion of light from the light source to the transmission type two-dimensional display device, and a desired portion of the display image of the transmission type two-dimensional display device is driven. Is incident on the variable focus means. 6. A light-emitting two-dimensional display device, a variable focus means, a variable focus means driving device, and a synchronization control device, wherein a display image of the light-emitting two-dimensional display device is transmitted through the variable focus means. A variable focus means driving device that changes the focal length of the variable focus means within the afterimage time of the human eye, wherein the focal length of the variable focus means is The variable focus unit driving device is driven by the variable focus unit driving device so as to switch to a plurality of values within the afterimage time of the eye, and the synchronization control device synchronizes with the focal length of the variable focus unit and controls the light emitting type two-dimensional display device. A three-dimensional display device, wherein the pixel is driven for display and display light is incident on the variable focus means. 7. A light source, a reflection type two-dimensional display device, a variable focus means, a variable focus means driving device, and a synchronization control device, wherein light from the light source is transmitted to the reflection type two-dimensional display device. A three-dimensional display device that reflects and observes reflected light from the reflective type two-dimensional display device through the variable focus means, wherein the variable focus means driving device is configured to perform the afterimage time of a human eye, By changing the focal length of the variable focus means, the reflection type two-dimensional display device switches between reflecting or blocking incident light in a predetermined direction, or reflecting or scattering incident light in a predetermined direction. The synchronous control device has a structure in which pixels composed of a high-speed shutter element that switches the direction of reflection of the incident light and a storage element that drives the high-speed shutter element are arranged in a two-dimensional array. Is before In synchronization with the focal length of the variable focus means, a desired pixel of the light from the light source is driven by driving a desired pixel of the reflection type two-dimensional display device, and is incident on the variable focus means. Three-dimensional display device. 8. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 3, wherein the storage element has a RAM structure formed on a semiconductor substrate. 9. The high-speed shutter device according to claim 1, wherein the high-speed shutter device comprises a ferroelectric liquid crystal, an antiferroelectric liquid crystal, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal, a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal, or a micromirror device. The three-dimensional display device according to any one of claims 5, 5 and 7. 10. The light-emitting type two-dimensional display device,
7. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 6, wherein the three-dimensional display device includes D, EL, FED, and CRT. 11. The variable focus means is a variable focus lens having a fixed focus lens, a layer having a variable refractive index material, and at least a pair of transparent electrodes sandwiching the layer. The three-dimensional display device according to any one of claims 3 to 10. 12. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 11, wherein the refractive index variable substance is a liquid crystal having a dielectric anisotropy depending on a direction of a molecule.