JP2000211560A - Industrial vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an industrial vehicle that is appropriate to travel motion both on unlevel work sites and on level places such as pavements. SOLUTION: A vehicle base frame 2 is mounted with a right-left pair of crawler devices 12, a right-left pair of front wheels 13a in front of the crawler devices 12, and a right-left pair of rear wheels 14a behind the crawler devices 12. All the wheels 13a and 14a are vertically movable by lifting cylinders 30 and 45 between a retracted position wherein they are lifted above the ground contact plane of the crawler devices 12 and a protruded position B wherein they are lowered below it. The front wheels 13a are dirigible to the right and left synchronously by a steering gear.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an industrial vehicle that travels not only on a work site on uneven ground but also on a paved road or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this type of industrial vehicle, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, a power shovel 71 for loading scraps is exemplified. At the tip of the arm 72 of the power shovel 71, an electromagnet 75 for attracting scrap and a grapple (not shown) having claws for sandwiching the scrap are attached. Power shovel 7
The main body 76 is provided with a crawler device 77 for traveling.

According to this, when a scrap is loaded at a scrap accumulation site or the like, the scrap is adsorbed by an electromagnet 75 or sandwiched between grapples (not shown). When changing the position of the power shovel 71, the crawler device 77 is driven to drive the power shovel 71.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional type, the crawler device 77 is suitable for traveling on uneven terrain such as a scrap accumulation site, but moves to another scrap accumulation site through a paved road or the like. In this case, there is a problem that the surface of the paved road is damaged by the crawler belt 78 of the crawler device 77.

[0005] It is an object of the present invention to provide an industrial vehicle suitable for traveling on an unleveled work site and traveling on a leveled place such as a paved road.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an industrial vehicle according to the present invention is provided with a traveling crawler device and a plurality of traveling wheels on a vehicle body. Are sorted before and after the crawler device,
A rotary drive device that is provided so as to be able to ascend and descend, at least one of a front traveling wheel and a rear traveling wheel is provided to be able to turn left and right, and rotationally drives at least a part of the traveling wheels; and each traveling wheel. Lifting drive device for raising and lowering, each of the traveling wheels, in a range of a retracted position to retract above the grounding surface of the crawler device, and a protruding position projecting below the grounding surface, It goes up and down.

According to this, when traveling on an unleveled work site, each traveling wheel is raised to the retreat position by the lifting drive device. As a result, each traveling wheel rises above the ground because it retreats above the contact surface of the crawler device, and only the crawler device contacts the ground. In this state, by driving the crawler device, the industrial vehicle travels on an unleveled work site with the crawler device.

[0008] In addition, when traveling on level ground such as a paved road,
Each traveling wheel is lowered to the projecting position by the lifting drive device. As a result, each traveling wheel projects below the ground contact surface of the crawler device, so that each traveling wheel contacts the ground and the vehicle body is lifted, thereby lifting the crawler device upward from the ground. In this state, at least a part of the traveling wheels is rotationally driven by the rotational driving device, so that the industrial vehicle travels on level ground such as a paved road with each traveling wheel. At this time, by turning at least one of the front and rear traveling wheels left and right, the course of the industrial vehicle can be changed left and right.

[0009]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
This will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a power shovel (an example of an industrial vehicle) used for loading scraps and the like. The power shovel 1 has a lower vehicle body 2 and an upper vehicle body 4 provided on the lower vehicle body 2 and rotatable about a vertical axis 3. The upper vehicle body 4 is provided with a driver's cab 5, an arm 6, and the like. An electromagnet 9 for attracting scrap and a grapple (not shown) having claws for holding the scrap are detachably attached to the tip of the arm 6.

The lower vehicle body 2 includes a pair of left and right traveling crawler devices 12 and a pair of left and right traveling front wheels 1.
3a, 13b and a pair of right and left rear wheels 14a, 1 for traveling.
4b and an outrigger 51 for increasing the stability of the lower vehicle body 2 are provided. As shown in FIG. 3, each of the front wheels 13a and 13b is a double tire type having a pair of right and left tires 15, and the crawler device 1
2 is provided in front. Similarly, each rear wheel 14
Each of a and 14b is a double tire type having a pair of right and left tires 16 and is provided behind the crawler device 12.

The crawler device 12 includes a drive wheel 18 that is driven to rotate by a crawler hydraulic motor 17, a freely rotatable driven wheel 19, and a crawler wound between the drive wheel 18 and the driven wheel 19. A belt 20, a plurality of upper rollers 21 that roll while supporting the own weight of the crawler belt 20,
Crawler belt 20 supporting the entire weight of excavator 1
It is composed of a plurality of lower rollers 22 that roll on the upper side.

As shown in FIG. 4, both front wheels 13a,
13b is attached to the lower vehicle main body 2 via the mounting base 23, the mounting arm 24, and the swing arm 25, respectively. That is, the mounting base 23 is
It is attached to the lower vehicle body 2 via the upper and lower shafts 6 and 32 so as to be pivotable about the vertical axis 27. The mounting arm 24 is provided downward from the lower surface of the mounting base 23. Further, one end of the swing arm 25 is connected to a lower end of the mounting arm 24 via a horizontal shaft 28 so as to be vertically swingable. An axle 29 of a set of tires 15 is rotatably held at the other end of the swing arm 25.

The mounting base 23 is provided with a front elevation lifting cylinder device 30 (an example of an elevation driving device) for oscillating the oscillation arm 25, and a piston rod of the front elevation elevation cylinder device 30 is provided. Reference numeral 31 is connected to the swing arm 25. With such a configuration, the front wheels 13a and 13b move up and down by moving the piston rod 31 up and down to swing the swing arm 25 up and down. Further, the front wheels 13a and 13b can be turned around the vertical axis 27 by turning the mounting base 23.

The lower vehicle body 2 includes two front wheels 13.
A turning device 33 is provided for turning a and b around the vertical axis 27 in the left-right direction by turning them. That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the turning device 33 includes a tie rod 35 and a pair of left and right steering cylinder devices 36a and 36b. The above tie rod 3
5 is connected between arms 34 protruding rearward from the outer peripheral portions of the left and right mounting pedestals 23. The two steering cylinder devices 36a and 36b are attached to the lower vehicle body 2, and the piston rods 37a and 37b are connected to the arms 3 and
4. The two piston rods 37a, 3
The front wheels 13a and 13b are configured to turn right and left together with the mounting pedestal 23 in the same direction by the retreat of the 7b.

Further, as shown in FIG.
4a and 14b are attached to the lower vehicle main body 2 via the attachment arm 40 and the swing arm 41, respectively.
That is, the mounting arm 40 is fixed to the lower vehicle body 2 so as to be fixed downward, and is further mounted on the swing arm 4.
One end of 1 is connected to the lower end of the mounting arm 40 via a horizontal shaft 42 so as to be vertically swingable. An axle 43 of a set of tires 16 is rotatably held at the other end of the swing arm 41. In addition, the swing arm 41 is provided with a wheel hydraulic motor 44 (an example of a rotation drive device) that rotationally drives the rear wheels 14 a and 14 b via an axle 43.

The mounting arm 40 is provided with a rear elevation cylinder device 45 (an example of an elevation drive device) for swinging the oscillation arm 41. The piston rod 46 of the rear elevation cylinder device 45 is It is connected to a swing arm 41. With such a configuration, the rear wheels 14a and 14b move up and down by moving the piston rod 46 up and down to swing the swing arm 41 up and down.

The front wheels 13a, 13b and the rear wheels 14a, 14b are each located at a retreat position A above the contact surface of the crawler belt 20, as indicated by phantom lines in FIGS. And a protruding position B that protrudes below the ground contact surface of the crawler belt 20 as shown by each solid line.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the cab 5, a hydraulic supply circuit (not shown) is switched between the crawler hydraulic motor 17 side and the wheel hydraulic motor 44 side. A switch 48, an operation switch 49 for operating the front and rear cylinder units 30 and 45, a steering wheel 50 for turning the front wheels 13a and 13b, and an operation lever 52 for turning the crawler device 12 And an accelerator pedal (not shown). The front and rear wheels 13a, 13b, 14a, 1
4b, both steering cylinder devices 36a and 36b operate in response to the operation of the steering wheel 50,
When traveling with the crawler device 12, the left and right crawler devices 12 are configured to generate a speed difference in accordance with the operation of the direction changing operation lever 52.

The operation of the above configuration will be described below.

When traveling on an unleveled scrap accumulation site, the operation switch 49 of the operator's cab 5 is operated to retract the piston rods 31, 46 of the front and rear cylinder units 30, 45 for lifting and lowering. Thereby, each swing arm 2
5 and 41 swing upward, and as shown by the phantom lines in FIGS. 4 and 5, the front and rear wheels 13a, 13b, 14
a, 14b rise to the retreat position A.

As shown in FIG. 2, each of the front and rear wheels 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b retreats above the grounding surface of the crawler belt 20, so that the front and rear wheels 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b are lifted up from the ground, and a pair of right and left crawlers. Only device 12 is grounded.

The operating oil is supplied to the crawler hydraulic motor 17 from the hydraulic supply circuit by operating the switch 48 to switch the hydraulic supply circuit (not shown) to the crawler hydraulic motor 17 side. When the accelerator pedal (not shown) is depressed, the crawler hydraulic motor 17 is driven, and both crawler devices 12 are driven. Therefore, the power shovel 1 is driven by the two crawler devices 12 on an unleveled scrap accumulation site. At this time, by operating the direction changing operation lever 52, a speed difference occurs between the left and right crawler devices 12, and the direction of the power shovel 1 can be changed right and left.

Also, when traveling on leveling such as paved roads,
By operating the operation switch 49, the respective piston rods 31, 46 of the front and rear cylinder units 30, 45 for raising and lowering are made to protrude. As a result, the swing arms 25 and 41 swing downward, and the front and rear wheels 13a, 13b, 14a and 14b descend to the protruding position B as shown by the solid lines in FIGS.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the front and rear wheels 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b project below the grounding surface of the crawler belt 20, so that the front and rear wheels 13a, 13b, 14a, The lower vehicle main body 4 is lifted by the ground of 14b touching the ground, whereby the two crawler devices 12 are lifted upward from the ground.

The operating oil is supplied from the hydraulic pressure supply circuit to the wheel hydraulic motor 44 by operating the changeover switch 48 to switch the hydraulic pressure supply circuit (not shown) to the wheel hydraulic motor 44 side. By depressing an accelerator pedal (not shown), the hydraulic motor
Is driven, and the left and right rear wheels 14a, 14b are rotationally driven, so that the power shovel 1 has front and rear wheels 13a, 13a.
The vehicle travels on a leveling road such as a paved road by b, 14a, and 14b. At this time, by rotating the steering 50, as shown in FIG. 3, one of the piston rod 37a of the steering cylinder device 36a and the piston rod 37b of the steering cylinder device 36b protrudes and the other retreats, The front wheels 13a and 13b are vertically
, The power shovel 1 can be turned left and right.

As described above, the use of the crawler device 12 makes it possible to travel on an unleveled scrap accumulation site, and when traveling on level ground such as a paved road, the crawler device 12 is used instead of the crawler device 12. Wheels 13a, 13
b, 14a, and 14b can be used. At this time, since the crawler device 12 is lifted upward from the leveled ground such as a paved road, it is possible to prevent a problem that the road surface is damaged by the crawler belt.

In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG.
The excavator 1 was mentioned as an example of an industrial vehicle,
The invention can be applied not only to the power shovel 1 but also to a vehicle for excavating earth and sand.

In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG.
Although two front wheels 13a and 13b and two rear wheels 14a and 14b are provided on each side, three or more wheels may be provided.

In the above embodiment, the front wheels 13a, 13
b can be turned to the left and right, but the rear wheels 14a, 14
b may be turned left and right, and further, all the front and rear wheels 13a, 13b, 14a and 14b may be turned left and right.

In the above embodiment, the rear wheels 14a, 14a
Although b is driven to rotate by the wheel hydraulic motor 44, the front wheels 13a and 13b may be driven to rotate, or all the wheels 13a, 13b, 14a and 14b may be driven to rotate.

In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG.
Each of the front and rear wheels 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b is a double tire type having a pair of left and right (two) tires 15, 16, but is a single tire type having only one tire 15, 16. You may.

In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG.
Although the hydraulic motor 44 is used as an example of the rotation drive device, an electric motor may be used. Also, as shown in FIG.
Although the crawler device 12 is driven by using the crawler hydraulic motor 17, another crawler drive device, for example, an electric motor may be used.

[0034]

As described above, according to the present invention, by using the crawler device, it is possible to perform traveling suitable for an unleveled work site. Further, when traveling on level ground such as a paved road, the crawler device is used. Instead, each traveling wheel can be used. At this time, since the crawler device is lifted upward from a road surface such as a pavement road, it is possible to prevent a trouble that the road surface is damaged by the crawler device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a power shovel according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state where the vehicle is traveling using wheels.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the power shovel, showing a state where the vehicle is traveling using a crawler device.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway plan view of the power shovel.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway side view showing a configuration of a front wheel of the power shovel.

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway side view showing the configuration of the rear wheel of the power shovel.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a conventional power shovel.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power shovel (industrial vehicle) 2 Lower vehicle main body 12 Crawler device 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b Wheel 30, 45 Lifting cylinder device (lifting drive device) 44 Hydraulic motor for wheel (rotary drive device) A Retreat position B Projection position

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claims 1. A traveling crawler device is provided on a vehicle body.
A plurality of traveling wheels are provided, and each of the traveling wheels is
Rotation is provided before and after the crawler device, and at least one of a front traveling wheel and a rear traveling wheel is provided to be rotatable left and right, and at least a part of the traveling wheels is rotationally driven. A drive device, and an elevating drive device for raising and lowering each of the traveling wheels, wherein each of the traveling wheels protrudes below a grounding surface of the crawler device, and a retreat position where the traveling wheel retreats above a grounding surface of the crawler device. An industrial vehicle characterized by ascending and descending within a range of a protruding position.