JP2000210835A - Door opening and closing device in machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a door opening and closing device for the cover device of a machine tool equipped with a hold prevention device for eliminating aligning in high accuracy along the entire length of a door opening and closing rail guiding a door. SOLUTION: The vertical movement of a sliding door 13 guided by an upper rail 11 during its running allows a receiving member 31 integrated with the sliding door 13 to be moved vertically. Since the receiving member 31 and a slip-in plate 34 are loosely movable mutually and relatively in the vertical direction, a ball plunger 36 can be relatively moved vertically within the locking groove 35 of the slip-in plate 34, and when over-loading external force in the door opening direction is applied to the sliding door 13 during its closing operation, the connection of the receiving member 31 with the slip-in plate 34 is smoothly released.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cover for covering a machine tool, which is provided with a sliding door which is automatically moved right and left by a driving means such as a cylinder so as to open and close an opening provided for work attachment / detachment and maintenance. More specifically, when the opening / closing door is closed, the door is moved when, for example, a part of a work supply device (robot or the like) is erroneously positioned in the opening. Hits an object located in the opening, thereby causing the door to be released by the driving means and interrupting the closing movement, whereby the object is pinched between the door and the door (or the edge of the opening). The present invention relates to the opening / closing door device provided with a pinch prevention device for preventing the occurrence of a door.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a machine tool covers a front portion, a left side, a right side, and an upper portion of the machine with a cover member, and separates a work machining space by a main shaft of the machine tool from an external space, thereby generating chips and coolant generated during machining. Is prevented from being scattered outside from the machining space of the machine tool. Such a cover is provided with an opening for exchanging a work with the inside of the cover and for maintaining a machine tool inside the cover.

The prior art will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 showing the present application. The front cover 3 has an opening 10 for exchanging a work between an external space and a work processing space. It is provided. As shown in FIG. 2, a pair of sliding doors 13 and 14 that move left and right are provided inside the opening 10, and the sliding doors 13 and 14 are upper rails arranged inside the opening 10 by wheels 15. 11 and is movable in the left-right direction. Opening / closing drive means (rodless cylinder) 2 for automatically opening and closing doors 13 and 14
The driving body 26 that moves in the left-right direction (door opening / closing direction) of the fifth door 5 and one of the sliding doors 13 are connected by a connecting device. Conventionally, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the connecting device 40 </ b> A integrally includes a connecting bracket 61 in which a fitting hole 60 is formed through the sliding door 13 in a door opening / closing direction, and the driving body 26 of the opening / closing driving unit 25 is provided. The connecting pin 62 is integrally protruded in the door opening direction, and the connecting pin 62 is fitted into the fitting hole 60 so as to be freely inserted and removed from the door opening and closing direction, and the locking V-groove 6 formed on the outer periphery of the connecting pin 62.
4, a ball plunger 6 provided on the connection bracket 61;
5 was elastically engaged by a spring force from the thickness direction of the door. The pair of sliding doors 13, 14 is a pair of left and right chains 20, 2 for transmitting the opening and closing movement of one sliding door 13 to the other sliding door 14.
4 are connected.

[0004]

In the above-mentioned conventional configuration,
When the driving body 26 moves in the closing direction, while the locking ball 66 of the plunger 65 is fitted into the locking V groove 64 by the force of the spring 67 of the ball plunger 65, one of the sliding doors 13 is driven by the driving body. 26 and moved in the closing direction,
The movement is transmitted to the other sliding door 14 via the chain 20, and the other door 14 also moves in the closing direction.
While opening 14 is moving in the closing direction,
When a part of the work transfer device is located at 0, the doors 13 and 14 hit a part of the transfer device, and the ball plunger 6
When an overload external force is applied in the door opening direction such that the locking ball 66 and the locking V-groove 64 are disengaged against the spring force of No. 5, the connecting pin 62 comes out of the fitting hole 60 and the driving body of the cylinder 25 is driven. 2
6 moves in the closing direction and the doors 13 and 14 remain in the same position, so that the object existing in the opening 10 is moved by the driving means 25 with the mechanically large force of the doors 13 and 14 facing each other.
It is possible to avoid being damaged by being sandwiched between them.

However, since the connecting pin 62 and the fitting hole 60 are fitted into each other to connect the driving body 26 and the sliding door 13, the connecting portion is detached smoothly when an overload external force is applied. In order to do this, the centering of both (up and down and the position in the thickness direction of the door) must be performed accurately over the entire opening / closing range of the door, and there is a problem that assembly adjustment is troublesome, and there is a problem that the centering work is performed. Neglecting the above, the connection state between the connection pin 62 and the fitting hole 60 seems to be twisted, and the connection becomes hard. Even if an overload external force acts, the connection portion does not come off smoothly and exists in the opening 10. There is a disadvantage that the moving object is pinched and damaged by a large mechanical force. An object of the present invention is to solve the conventional problems and to provide an opening / closing door device provided with a pinch prevention device that eliminates the need for high-precision alignment work over the entire length of the door opening / closing range.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present application, an opening / closing drive provided with a door which can be opened and closed freely in an opening of a cover for covering a machine tool and a driving body which moves in a door opening / closing direction. Means, the driving body of the opening and closing driving means and the sliding door are connected by a connecting device, and when the overload external force in the opening direction acts on the sliding door moving in the closing direction, the driving body and the sliding door are connected. In the opening / closing door device for a machine tool having a configuration in which the connection is released, the connection device is configured to connect the driving body and the sliding door so as to be relatively movable in the vertical direction and in the thickness direction of the door. (Claim 1). The coupling device includes a fitting member fixed to one of the sliding door and the driving body, and a receiving member fixed to the other, and the other member is attached to the driving member so that the member attached to the driving body comes out in the closing direction. The two members are fitted and connected by a locking means for releasing the locking when an overload external force in the opening direction acts on the sliding door moving in the closing direction.

The locking means couples the fitting member and the receiving member with elastic force, and releases the coupling by the action of an overload external force in the opening direction that exceeds the coupling by the elastic force. (Claim 3). An elastic engaging body provided on the receiving member is removably elastically engaged with the engaging groove provided on the fitting member so as to be releasably engaged to constitute the engaging means. The fitting member is a fitting plate, and the receiving member is provided with a pair of wall surfaces facing each other in the thickness direction at an interval larger than the thickness of the fitting plate, and both are relatively up and down with the fitting plate being sandwiched in a space between the wall surfaces. And a vertically movable locking groove is formed in the fitting plate, and the ball plunger is elastically engaged with the groove so as to be disengageable from the thickness direction.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A cover 1 surrounding a machine tool M
1 is provided on the bed 2 as shown in FIG. 1 and includes a front cover 3, left and right side covers 4, and an upper cover 5, and separates a processing space A in front of the main shaft 6 from an external space B. The front cover 3 is provided with an opening 10 for exchanging a work between the external space B and the inside of the work processing space A. In the front cover 3, upper rails 11 and lower rails 12 extending in the left-right direction are fixed to upper and lower inner sides of the opening 10, respectively. The lower ends of a pair of left and right sliding doors 13 and 14 for opening and closing the opening 10 are guided by the lower rail 12 in the left and right direction. In addition, each sliding door 1
Upper wheels 15 are rotatably provided at the upper left and right ends of the upper and lower wheels 3, 14 and are rotatably mounted on the upper surface of the upper rail 11, and sandwich the upper rail 11 with respect to the upper wheels 15. In the lower position, a lower wheel 16 is rotatably supported as a lifting prevention member for preventing the sliding doors 13 and 14 from floating and the upper wheel 15 from coming off. 11 is rotatable in contact with the lower surface.
The upper wheel 15 is provided with a flange so as not to easily come off the rail, whereas the lower wheel 16 has no flange. If the upper wheel 15 can be prevented from lifting beyond the height of the flange 15a, the lifting prevention member is
A sliding contact piece that can slide on the lower surface of the upper rail 11 may be used. Thus, the left and right sliding doors 13 and 14 can be opened and closed to the left and right while being suspended from the upper rail 11.

FIG. 3 shows the cover 1 with the machine tool M side (inside).
In FIG. 3, the left and right side covers 4
Sprockets 18 and 19 are rotatably supported inside the inside. In FIG. 3, the right sprocket 18
The tip of the lower transition portion 20a wound around the chain 20 is connected to a bracket 21 integral with the right sliding door 13, and the tip of the upper transition portion 20b is coupled to the bracket 22 integral with the left sliding door 14. I have. Also, the lower transition portion 2 of the chain 24 wound around the left sprocket 19.
4a is a bracket 21 integral with the right sliding door 13
a, and the tip of the upper transition portion 24b is connected to a bracket 22a integral with the left sliding door 14. By connecting the chains 20, 24, the left and right sliding doors 1 are connected.
When the right sliding door 13 is moved in the closing direction from the state in which the doors 3 and 14 are open, the chain 20 is pulled, and the upper transition portion 20b moves the left sliding door 14 in the closing direction (the direction approaching the sliding door 13). To the left and right sliding doors 13,
When the right sliding door 13 is moved in the opening direction from the state in which the door 14 is closed, the lower transition portion 24a of the chain 24 is pulled to move the left sliding door 14 in the opening direction. These configurations are almost the same as those in the related art.

On the inner surface of the upper cover 5, a right sliding door 13 is provided.
At an upper position, a linear actuator (here, a rodless cylinder) 25 exemplified as an opening / closing drive unit has its external moving body (drive body) 26 attached downward to the sliding doors 13 and 14. The rodless cylinder 25 is, for example, a utility model registration No. 2517109 or 2517399.
Or a well-known device such as Japanese Patent No. 2568000, in which the movement of a piston that moves in the longitudinal direction inside the cylinder tube by fluid pressure is performed by using a longitudinal slit formed in the cylinder tube in the external moving body 26 outside the cylinder tube. , Or by a magnetic coupling force of a magnet, and is a cylinder having no piston rod.

The connecting device 40 is configured as follows.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, an L-shaped bracket 30 is fixed to the inner surface of the right sliding door 13, and a receiving member 31 is fixed to the upper surface thereof. The receiving member 31
As shown in FIG. 6, a U-shaped groove 32 that opens in the closing direction of the right sliding door 13 in plan view is provided over the entire vertical height. On the other hand, the driving body 2 of the rodless cylinder 25
6, a bracket 33 is fixedly attached thereto.
3, a fitting plate 34 as a fitting member is integrally provided. The space between the pair of wall surfaces 32a, 32b of the U-shaped groove 32 facing in the width direction is larger than the thickness of the fitting plate 34 in the thickness direction of the sliding door 13. Thus, the fitting plate 3 is inserted into the accommodation space between the wall surfaces 32a and 32b.
4, the fitting plate 34 is attached to the sliding door 13
A predetermined gap (play) is provided in the thickness direction, and in this state, a predetermined gap is provided between the lower end of the fitting plate 34 and the upper surface of the L-shaped bracket 30 so as to be able to move vertically by a predetermined amount. P is formed.

On the inner surface of the fitting plate 34, two locking grooves 35 each having a V-shaped cross section in the vertical direction are formed in the opening and closing directions of the sliding doors 13 and 14. On one wall 32a of the receiving member 31 facing the locking grooves 35, two ball plungers (elastic engaging bodies) 36 are provided so as to face the locking grooves 35, respectively. The ball plunger 36 urges the ball 38 in the projecting direction (here, the direction of the fitting plate 34) by a built-in spring 37, and the ball 38 is pushed into the locking groove 35 by the force of the spring 37. The locking means is constituted by a releasably elastic engagement. With the force of the spring 37, the fitting plate 34 is moved to the wall surface 32 of the U-shaped groove 32.
b. The spring 37 forces the normal sliding door 13,
When the door 14 is opened and closed (in a state where no overload external force is applied), the sliding doors 13 and 14 need to be entrained and opened and closed by the engagement of the locking groove 35 and the ball 38 by the force of the spring 37, and Excessive load in the opening direction on the sliding doors 13 and 14 (the locking groove 35 and the ball 3
When the load (overload) in the opening direction of the sliding doors 13 and 14 exceeding the engaging force of 8 is applied to the receiving member 31 side, the spring 3
The ball 38 is set to have such a size that the ball 38 comes out of the locking groove 35 against the seven forces and the locked state between the receiving member 31 and the fitting plate 34 is released.

In the above configuration, when the sliding doors 13 and 14 are closed from the open state (the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 3) in the normal state (a state where no member is present in the opening 10), the rodless cylinder is closed as in the conventional case. 25 is moved to the right. Then, the movement of the external driving body 26 is transmitted to the right sliding door 13 by the engagement between the ball 38 and the locking groove 35 by the force of the spring 37 of the ball plunger 36, and the right sliding door 13 moves in the closing direction. , This move
The left sliding door 14 is moved in the closing direction via the chain 20, and the left and right sliding doors 13 and 14 are closed. When the left and right sliding doors 13 and 14 are opened, the reverse operation is performed. During the closing operation, if the arm of the work loading / unloading device is erroneously positioned in the opening 10, one or both of the sliding doors 13 and 14 abut the arm. Then, by this contact, the sliding doors 13 and 14
Excessive force in the opening direction acts. This overload external force is generated by the connecting device 40 due to the spring 37 force of the ball plunger 36.
When the locking force is exceeded, the ball 38 is disengaged from the locking groove 35 against the force of the spring 37, and the entrainment of the sliding doors 13, 14 by the external moving body 26 is released. The fitting plate 34 is moved so that the U-shaped groove 32
, The sliding doors 13 and 14 remain at positions where they come into contact with the arm portions, and a mechanical closing direction force by the external moving body 26 is prevented from acting on the arm portions. It is possible to avoid the arm itself being damaged between the arms 13 and 14 being damaged.

During the opening / closing operation, for example, when the upper rail 11 has a low centering state in the vertical direction, and the sliding doors 13 and 14 guided by the upper rail 11 move up and down during traveling, for example. As the sliding doors 13 and 14 move up and down, the receiving member 3 is integrated with the sliding doors 13 and 14.
1 goes up and down. When the receiving member 31 moves up and down in this way, the receiving member 31 and the fitting plate 34 can move relatively to each other in the up and down direction, so that the ball plunger 36 is inserted into the locking groove 35 of the fitting plate 34. Only relative movement in the vertical direction, the connection between the two does not become hard as in the case of the conventional fitting structure of the pin and the fitting hole, and the above-described pinch prevention function is reliably maintained. it can. The ball plunger 36 can also be used when the centering state of the upper rail 11 in the front-rear direction is low and the sliding doors 13 and 14 guided by the upper rail 11 are displaced inward in the thickness direction (toward the processing space). Spring 3
7 can be slightly bent so that the fitting plate 34 can be relatively displaced in the fitting groove in the thickness direction of the sliding doors 13 and 14, so that the above-described pinching prevention function can be reliably maintained.

[0015]

As described above, according to the present invention, the connecting device for connecting the sliding door and the driving body is connected so as to be relatively movable in the vertical direction and in the thickness direction of the door. Even if the cores in the vertical direction and the door thickness direction are slightly displaced, the relative movable structure absorbs this and eliminates the need for a high centering operation over the entire opening and closing range of the sliding door, thereby reducing the time required for assembly work. In addition, when the overload in the opening direction acts on the sliding door, the releasing operation of both is reliably performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a cover of a machine tool provided with a door opening / closing device of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a left side view of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a conventional technique, and is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII of FIG. 7;

[Explanation of symbols]

 M Machine tool 1 Cover 10 Opening 13, 14 Sliding door 25 Rodless cylinder (opening / closing drive means) 26 Driver 31 Receiving member 32a, 32b Wall surface 34 Fitting plate (fitting member) 35 Lock groove 36 Ball plunger 37 Spring 38 Ball 40 Connecting device

Claims (5)

[Claims] An opening / closing driving means having a driving body which is provided in an opening portion of a cover for covering a machine tool so as to be openable and closable and which moves in a door opening / closing direction is provided, and the driving body of the opening / closing driving means and the sliding door are provided. The opening / closing of the machine tool is configured such that when an overload external force acts in the opening direction on the sliding door moving in the closing direction, the connection between the driving body and the sliding door is released. In the door device, the connecting device is configured to connect the driving body and the sliding door so as to be relatively movable in the vertical direction and the thickness direction of the door. 2. A coupling device comprising: a fitting member fixed to one of a sliding door and a driving body; and a receiving member fixed to the other, such that a member attached to the driving body comes out in a closing direction. The two members are connected by locking means for releasing the lock when an overload external force in the opening direction acts on the sliding door moving in the closing direction. Item 2. An opening / closing door device for a machine tool according to Item 1. 3. The locking means connects the fitting member and the receiving member with an elastic force, and releases the connection by an action of an overload external force in an opening direction exceeding the connection by the elastic force. 3. The opening / closing door device for a machine tool according to claim 2, wherein: 4. The work according to claim 3, wherein an elastic engaging body provided on the receiving member is elastically removably and elastically engaged with the engaging groove provided on the fitting member so as to be detachable. Opening and closing door devices in machines. 5. The fitting member is a fitting plate, and the receiving member has a pair of wall surfaces facing each other in the thickness direction at an interval larger than the thickness of the fitting plate, and the receiving member is provided with the fitting plate sandwiched in a space between the wall surfaces. Are vertically movable in the vertical direction and the thickness direction, and a vertical locking groove is formed in the fitting plate, and the ball plunger is elastically engaged with the groove so as to be disengageable from the thickness direction. Item 6. An opening / closing door device for a machine tool according to Item 5.