JP2000203426A - Rail brake device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the overheat of a rail face by providing a pipe guided from a cooling tank and opened to face a rail, and spraying a coolant to a brake portion in a rail brake device pressing a brake shoe provided on an exciting coil to the rail for braking a vehicle. SOLUTION: When a brake is operated, a frame 9 is lowered to a rail 6 side by a lift device 4 to press a brake shoe 5 to the rail 6, and friction braking force is generated. A current is carried in an exciting coil 10 to generate magnetic flux, which generates electromagnetic attracting force between the rail 6 and magnetic poles 11 and causes the rail 6 to produce eddy current braking force. Thus the travel of a vehicle is braked. At the time of the this braking, one valve 13 connected to a pipe 8 on the front side in the advancing direction within two valves 13 provided in the middle of the pipes 8 is opened by a valve control device, a coolant in a coolant tank is guided by the pipe 8 and is sprayed on the surface of the rail 6, and the heating of a rail face is suppressed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a rail brake device for a railway vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a so-called adhesive brake device utilizing frictional force between a rail and a vehicle is used as a brake device for slowing down or stopping a railway vehicle. The maximum braking force obtained in the adhesive brake device is determined by the friction force. That is, even if an attempt is made to apply as large a braking force as possible to the wheel, the wheel simply slides on the rail while its rotation is stopped, and a desired frictional force cannot be obtained.

[0003] Assuming that the vehicle mass acting on the wheel is Fw, the maximum friction coefficient between the wheel and the rail is μmax, and the braking force on the wheel tread is F, the braking force F on the wheel tread is expressed by the following equation (1). ) Expression.

F = μmax × Fw (1) Here, the friction coefficient μmax is usually μmax <1, and in the case of a normal railway vehicle, it is about 0.1 ≦ μmax ≦ 0.2. Therefore, when it is desired to obtain a braking force exceeding the value obtained from the expression (1), it is necessary to employ a brake system other than the adhesive brake device together with the adhesive brake device or independently.

In recent years, the demand for speeding up of conventional line vehicles has become stronger, and there is a movement to increase the maximum speed from about 100 to 120 km / h to about 130 km to 160 km / h.

However, in the case of a conventional line, it is required by law to stop the vehicle within 600 m even when an emergency brake is applied. On the other hand, when trying to stop the accelerated vehicle within 600 m, the calculated braking force exceeds the maximum friction coefficient μmax, and the wheels slip on the rail surface, resulting in the required braking force being obtained. It is not possible to satisfy the rule that the vehicle should be stopped within 600 m.

In addition to the above, there has been a movement to reduce the braking distance on a conventional line and a main line in the event of an emergency, and it is almost impossible to increase the braking force due to the current limitation of the maximum friction coefficient. In a close situation. In order to solve this problem, as a method of further increasing the braking force in combination with the adhesive braking method, a rail braking method in which the braking force of the vehicle is directly obtained from the rail has been proposed.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of the rail brake device 1. The rail brake device 1 is suspended from a bogie frame 3 supported by wheels 2 by a lifting device 4 composed of a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder so as to be able to move up and down. The rail brake device 1 has a frame 9 attached to a movable side of the lifting device 4, and a plurality of (four in FIG.
Magnetic poles 11 are attached, and an exciting coil 10 for exciting the magnetic poles 11 is wound around each magnetic pole 11. Magnetic pole 1
A brake shoe 5 is mounted on the side facing the first rail. A cover 12 is provided from the frame 9 to the end of the coil so as to completely cover the exciting coil 10 in order to protect the exciting coil 10 from raindrops and mechanical external forces.

When the vehicle is braked, the rail brake device 1 is lowered toward the rail 6 by the lifting device 4, and the brake shoe 5 is pressed against the rail 6.
This is a mechanism for generating a magnetic flux by energizing the exciting coil 10 wound around the coil 1. The magnetic flux generated by this operation generates an electromagnetic attractive force between the rail 6 and the magnetic pole 11, and a friction braking force is obtained as a function of the electromagnetic attractive force and a coefficient of friction between the brake shoe 5 and the rail 6. . At this time,
The magnetic flux enters the rail 6 through the brake shoe 5 and generates an eddy current in the rail 6 as a function of the relative speed between the vehicle and the rail 6 and the magnetic flux, and the eddy current brake as a function of the product of the eddy current and the magnetic flux. Power is gained.

As described above, the rail brake device 1 converts the kinetic energy of the vehicle into thermal energy by friction between the brake shoe 5 and the rail 6, and releases most of the thermal energy as wear powder of the brake shoe 5. The conductive energy is diffused to the rail 6 and further converted to thermal energy due to eddy current generated in the rail 6, and most of the thermal energy is diffused to the rail 6. Therefore, the surface of the rail 6 is partially Curie point (769 ° C.) due to the unevenness of the rail surface when passing through the rail brake device 1.
It is rapidly heated to a degree and then rapidly cooled. As a result, the steel that is the material of the rail 6 is partially transformed, and the surface of the rail 6 is partially protruded due to volume expansion due to the transformation, and the protruding shape is transformed and the hardness is increased.
It was feared that it would be a crack starting point on the rail 6.

[0011]

As described above, the conventional rail brake device 1 applies a thermal stress to a part of the surface of the rail 6, and the rail 6 is partially transformed, and this part becomes a crack starting point. There was a problem that was concerned.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem. The present invention suppresses partial rapid heating of the rail surface and minimizes the occurrence of a transformed portion which becomes a crack starting point of the rail. It is an object of the present invention to provide a rail brake device which can be prevented.

[0013]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 comprises a frame suspended on a bogie frame by a lifting device so as to be able to move up and down, and a frame arranged on the frame in the traveling direction of the vehicle. A plurality of magnetic poles provided, a brake shoe provided on a magnetic pole surface facing the rail of each magnetic pole, and pressed against the rail when the frame is lowered by the lifting / lowering device during a braking operation; and a magnetic pole for each magnetic pole. In a rail brake device comprising: an excitation coil wound around the motor and excited by a brake operation to cause a magnetic flux to pass through a magnetic pole to a rail, and a cover surrounding the excitation coil so that splash liquid is not applied to the excitation coil, A cooling tank attached to the cooling tank, a pipe extending from the cooling tank and opening opposite to the rail, It is characterized in that it comprises from the open end of the opened open and piping during key operation and a valve for spraying a cooling liquid toward the rail. According to the invention according to claim 1, the coolant is sprayed from the pipe toward the rail during operation, so that a part of the heat energy converted from the kinetic energy of the vehicle is absorbed by the coolant, and the rail surface Partial rapid heating can be suppressed, and the occurrence of a transformed portion serving as a crack starting point of the rail can be prevented.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the rail brake device according to the first aspect, the pipe is provided so as to penetrate the frame and the cover. According to the second aspect of the present invention, the bogie frame structure can be simplified in addition to the effects of the first aspect of the present invention.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the rail brake device according to the first aspect, a pipe is provided through the frame, the magnetic pole, and the brake shoe for each magnetic pole. According to the third aspect of the invention, similarly to the second aspect, the bogie frame structure can be simplified.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the rail brake device according to the first aspect, the piping is provided so as to pass through the frame, the gap between adjacent magnetic poles, and the cover. According to the fourth aspect of the invention, similarly to the second and third aspects, the bogie frame structure can be simplified.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the rail brake device according to the first aspect, wherein the piping is provided through the frame and the cover on both left and right sides as viewed in the traveling direction of the vehicle. It is characterized by. According to the fifth aspect of the invention, similarly to the second to fourth aspects, the bogie frame structure can be simplified. Particularly, a large amount of eddy current generated on the rail surface during the operation of the rail brake flows to the shoulder portion of the rail surface, and the heat energy in this portion is large. Therefore, according to the invention according to claim 5, the heat energy can be effectively absorbed. Can be achieved.

The invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to claims 1 to 5
The brake shoe according to any one of the above, characterized in that the brake shoe has at least one slit running in the traveling direction of the vehicle on the side facing the rail. According to the invention of claim 6, it is possible to secure an effective flow path of the coolant and more effectively absorb the heat energy.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

<Embodiment of the Invention According to Claim 1> FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the invention according to claim 1. The frame 9, the excitation coil 10 and the cover 12 are shown in cross section. In the rail brake device 1 of this embodiment, a frame 9 is suspended so as to be able to move up and down from a bogie frame 3 supported by wheels 2 via a lifting device 4 constituted by a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder. The frame 9 includes a plurality of magnetic poles 11 arranged in parallel in the traveling direction of the vehicle,
An excitation coil 10 wound around each magnetic pole is attached. A cover 12 is provided from the frame 9 to the coil tip in order to protect the exciting coil 10 from being splashed by a scattered coolant described later and from mechanical and physical external forces. A brake shoe 5 is attached to each magnetic pole 11 on the side facing the rail 6. Furthermore, when viewed in the vehicle traveling direction of the frame 9,
A pipe 8 from a cooling tank 7 attached to the bogie frame 3 is provided so as to open to face the rail 6. A valve 13 is provided in the middle of the pipe 8.

The operation of the rail brake device 1 shown in FIG. 1 will be described. At the time of the braking operation, the frame 9 is lowered to the rail 6 side by the lifting / lowering device 4, and the brake shoe 5
Is brought into contact with the rail 6 and the exciting coil 10 is energized to generate a magnetic flux. At the same time, of the two valves 13 provided in the middle of the pipe 8, the valve 13 connected to the pipe 8 on the leading side in the traveling direction is opened by a valve control device (not shown), and the coolant is sprayed on the surface of the rail 6. Excitation coil 1
An electromagnetic attraction force is generated between the rail 6 and the magnetic pole 11 by the magnetic flux generated by the current supply of 0, and a friction braking force is generated by the electromagnetic attraction force and the friction coefficient of the brake shoe 5. Also, the magnetic flux enters the rail 6 through the brake shoe 5,
An eddy current braking force is generated on the rail 6 as a function of the product of the relative speed between the vehicle and the rail 6 and the magnetic flux.

Most of the thermal energy converted from the kinetic energy of the vehicle due to the friction braking force and the eddy current braking force generated in this manner is cooled from the open end of the pipe 8 toward the rail 6. The liquid, the wear powder of the brake shoe 5 and the rail 6 absorb the liquid.

When the brake is released, the energization of the exciting coil 10 is stopped, and the frame 9 is raised by the lifting device 4. At the same time, the valve 1 of the pipe 8 spraying the cooling liquid
3 is controlled to stop spraying the cooling liquid on the surface of the rail 6.

According to this embodiment, a part of the heat energy converted from the kinetic energy of the vehicle, which is caused by the friction braking force and the eddy current braking force during the braking operation, is supplied to the cooling liquid sprayed through the pipe 8. Because of the absorption, the partial rapid heating of the rail 6, which was a concern at the time of the braking operation of the conventional rail brake device 1 shown in FIG. 7, is alleviated, and the occurrence of a transformation that becomes a crack starting point of the rail 6 is suppressed. be able to.

<Embodiment of the Invention According to Claim 2> FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the invention according to claim 2. In the rail brake device 1 of this embodiment, the pipe 8 from the coolant tank (not shown) is provided with the frame 9 and the cover 1 outside the magnetic poles 11 at the front and rear ends of the rail brake device 1.
2 are arranged so as to pass through. Other components are the same as those in FIG.

The braking operation of the rail brake device 1 of FIG. 2 is the same as that of FIG. According to this embodiment,
In addition to the effect obtained by the rail brake device 1 of FIG. 1, the pipe 8 can be unitized as a part of the rail brake device 1, and the structure in which the bogie frame 3 is provided with the pipe 8 extending to near the rail surface becomes unnecessary. The structure of the bogie frame 3 can be simplified.

<Embodiment of the Invention According to Claim 3> FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the invention according to claim 3. In the rail brake device 1 of this embodiment, the pipe 8 from the coolant tank (not shown) is disposed so as to pass through the frame 9 and the magnetic pole 11 of the rail brake device 1, and the tip thereof faces the rail 6. Open. Other components are the same as those in FIG.

The brake operation of the rail brake device 1 of FIG. 3 is the same as that of FIG. According to this embodiment,
In addition to the effect obtained by the rail brake device 1 of FIG. 1, the same effect as the invention according to claim 2 shown in FIG. 2 can be obtained.

<Embodiment of the Invention According to Claim 4> FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the invention according to claim 4. In the rail brake device 1 of this embodiment, the pipe 8 from the coolant tank (not shown) is connected to two adjacent magnetic poles 11.
The frame 12 and the gap between the exciting coils 10 and the cover 12 penetrate therethrough. Other components are shown in FIG.
3 and FIG.

The braking operation of the rail brake device 1 of FIG. 4 is the same as that of FIG. According to this embodiment,
In addition to the effect obtained by the rail brake device 1 of FIG. 1, the same effect as the invention according to claim 2 or 3 shown in FIG. 2 or 3 can be obtained.

<Embodiment of the Invention According to Claim 5> FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the invention according to claim 5. In the rail brake device 1 of this embodiment, the pipe 8 from the coolant tank (not shown) is disposed on both left and right sides as viewed in the traveling direction of the vehicle, penetrating the frame 9 and the cover 12, Is open near the edge in the width direction of the rail 6, that is, facing the shoulder of the rail. Other components are shown in FIG.
There is no difference from the one.

The braking operation of the rail brake device 1 of FIG. 5 is basically the same as that of FIG. According to this embodiment, in addition to the effects obtained by the rail brake device 1 of FIG. 1, claims 2 to 4 shown in FIGS.
The same effect as that of the invention according to the first aspect can be obtained. Since the eddy current generated in the rail 6 flows to the shoulder portion and heats much, the spray of the cooling liquid directly on the shoulder portion can make the absorption of heat energy more effective. .

<Embodiment of the Invention According to Claim 6> FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the invention according to claim 6. The brake shoe 5 of the rail brake device 1 of this embodiment has at least one slit 14 running in the traveling direction of the vehicle on the side facing the rail 6. The width of the slit 14 is about 1 to 3 mm, and one to several slits 14 are formed substantially parallel to the rail 6 or with a slight inclination angle.

The braking operation of the rail brake device 1 of FIG. 6 is basically the same as that of FIG. According to this embodiment, the cooling liquid sprayed from the pipe 8 during the braking operation flows to the surface of the rail 6 along the slit 14 of the brake shoe 5, so that the partial rapid heating of the rail 6 can be alleviated more effectively. It can be aimed at.

[0035]

As described above, according to the present invention, a part of the heat energy converted from the kinetic energy of the vehicle, which is caused by the friction braking force and the eddy current braking force during the braking operation, is dispersed through the pipe. In contrast to conventional rail brake systems, partial rapid heating of the rail, which was a concern during brake operation, is alleviated, and the occurrence of transformation, which is the starting point of rail cracking, is reduced, unlike conventional rail brake devices. Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view, partially broken away, showing an embodiment of the invention according to claim 1;

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of a main part showing an embodiment of the invention according to claim 2;

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a main part showing the embodiment of the invention according to claim 3;

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of a main part showing an embodiment of the invention according to claim 4;

FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of a main part showing the embodiment of the invention according to claim 5;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the brake shoe according to the embodiment of the invention as viewed from obliquely below.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing a conventional rail brake device with a part broken away.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rail brake device 2 Wheel 3 Bogie frame 4 Elevating device 6 Rail 7 Coolant tank 8 Piping 9 Frame 10 Exciting coil 11 Magnetic pole 12 Cover 13 Valve 14 Slit

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A frame suspended from a bogie frame by a lifting device so as to be able to move up and down, a plurality of magnetic poles juxtaposed on the frame in the traveling direction of the vehicle, and magnetic poles facing the rails of these magnetic poles. A brake shoe that is provided on a surface and is pressed against the rail when the frame is lowered by the elevating device during a braking operation, and the rail is wound around each magnetic pole for each magnetic pole and is excited when the braking operation is performed via the magnetic pole; A cooling tank attached to the bogie frame and a cooling tank mounted on the bogie frame, the exciting tank being provided with an exciting coil for supplying a magnetic flux to the exciting coil, and a cover surrounding the exciting coil so that splashed liquid does not splash on the exciting coil. And a pipe which is opened to face the rail, and which is inserted into the pipe and opened at the time of a brake operation to be opened or closed. Rail brake device being characterized in that a valve toward the rail to spray coolant. 2. The rail brake device according to claim 1, wherein said pipe is provided through said frame and said cover. 3. The rail brake device according to claim 1, wherein said pipe is provided through said frame, said magnetic pole and said brake shoe for each of said magnetic poles. 4. The rail brake device according to claim 1, wherein the pipe is provided through the frame, a gap between adjacent magnetic poles, and the cover. 5. The rail brake device according to claim 1, wherein the pipe is provided to penetrate the frame and the cover on both left and right sides as viewed in the traveling direction of the vehicle. . 6. The rail brake device according to claim 1, wherein the brake shoe has at least one slit running in the traveling direction of the vehicle on a surface facing the rail. And rail brake device.