JP2000174315A - Solar cell built-in roof tile and solar cell power- generating system using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To utilize electric power generated by the remaining sound solar cell modules, even if disconnection or poor contact occurs with any solar cell module, by connecting multiple solar cell modules in parallel and in all directions over the entire roof in normal tiling method. SOLUTION: With a solar cell module 3 built in a roof tile main body 2, a negative terminal and a positive terminal of a solar cell module 3 are provided at a position contacting vertically to the terminal of the same polarity of other tile, on the upper surface side under other tile main body 2, while on the lower- surface side above other tile main body 2, at each of four corners where a tile main body overlaps other, thus constituting a solar cell built-in roof tile 1, which is tiled in zigzag shape.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solar cell built-in tile incorporating a solar cell module and a solar cell power generation system using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been proposed a solar cell built-in tile capable of being roofed in place of a normal roof tile for use in a solar cell power generation system (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-1).
No. 1747). According to this, by performing roofing using this solar cell built-in tile, a solar cell power generation system that can also be used as an original roof can be obtained.

[0003]

However, such a conventional tile incorporating a solar cell and a solar cell power generation system using the same have the following problems. That is, if a disconnection or a contact failure occurs in any of the tiles, the entire row of the parallel system including the tile becomes unusable, and the battery module that is generating power is included in the row. However, there was a problem that the generated power could not be used effectively.

The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and all of a large number of solar cell modules can be connected vertically and horizontally in parallel on the entire roof by the same construction as ordinary roofing. A solar cell built-in tile capable of effectively utilizing the power generated by all other healthy solar cell modules even if disconnection or contact failure occurs in any of the solar cell modules, and solar cell power generation using the same The purpose is to provide a system.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a roof tile incorporating a solar cell, wherein a solar cell module is incorporated in the tile main body, and a negative terminal and a positive terminal of the solar cell module are respectively connected to other parts of the tile main body. 4 that overlaps with the roof tile body
In each of the sides or the four corners, the portion on the lower side of the other tile main body is on the upper surface side, the portion on the upper side of the other tile main body is on the lower surface side, and the same polarity terminal of the other tile is It is provided at a position where it contacts vertically.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the solar cell built-in tile according to the first aspect, the tile main body is a slate tile, and each of the negative terminal and the positive terminal of the solar cell module has four corners overlapping with another tile main body. It is provided for each.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the solar cell built-in tile according to the first aspect, the tile main body is a Western tile or a Japanese tile,
Each of the minus terminal and the plus terminal of the solar cell module is provided on each of four sides overlapping with another tile body.

In the solar cell built-in tiles according to the first to third aspects of the present invention, the tiles are roofed in a houndstooth check pattern or in a checkerboard pattern, so that each tile can be tiled between the tiles that are overlapped in front, back, left and right. The negative terminal and the positive terminal between the built-in solar cell modules are in natural contact with each other, and a large number of solar cell modules built into each tile body are connected in parallel across the entire roof. A battery power generation system can be configured,
Even if one or more of the solar cell modules is disconnected or has a poor contact, it is possible to connect all of the healthy solar cell modules by bypassing that solar cell module, The generated power can be used effectively.

A solar cell power generation system according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is a solar cell power generation system according to the first or second aspect, which is roofed in a houndstooth check pattern. Even if one or more of the solar cell modules are broken or contact failure occurs, it is possible to connect all the healthy solar cell modules by bypassing that solar cell module, and to generate electric power of each solar cell module. Can be used effectively.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar cell power generation system according to the first or third aspect, wherein the tiles are roofed in a grid pattern with one or more solar cells. Even if a battery module breaks or loses contact, it is possible to connect all the healthy PV modules by bypassing that PV module, and to effectively use the power generated by each PV module. it can.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show a solar cell built-in tile according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The solar cell built-in tile 1 of this embodiment has a structure in which the solar cell module 3 is incorporated in a lower half working allowance 2D in the slate tile main body 2 which is exposed to sunlight in a state of roofing construction. In the lower half working allowance 2D, which is overlapped with the upper half of the other tiles 2-1 and 2-2 at the four corners overlapping with the other tiles of the tile main body 2 from the upper side, the lower surface side thereof A pair of a minus terminal and a plus terminal of the solar cell module 3 is provided at each of the two corners on the left and right, and the working margins of the lower half of the other tiles 2-3 and 2-4 are stacked from the upper side. In the half overlap margin 2U, a pair of a minus terminal and a plus terminal of the solar cell module 3 are provided at each of the two left and right corners on the upper surface side.

The positions of the minus terminal and the plus terminal provided at each of the four corners of the tile main body 2 are one at the upper side or the lower side in the hound's-tooth checkerboard arrangement, which is a usual slate tile roofing construction method. Solar cell module 3 provided in the overlapping portion of another tile body overlapping by / 4
This is a position facing the minus terminal and the plus terminal.

[0013] With this, when the roofing is performed in the same manner as the usual roofing construction of the slate tiles, the sun built into each of the tile bodies 2, 2 which are overlapped in front, back, left and right of each tile 1 is provided. Negative terminal of battery module 3,
The plus terminals are naturally in contact with each other from above and below, and a large number of solar cell modules 3 incorporated in each tile body 2 are all connected in parallel in the entire roof or in each of the divided regions. A solar cell power generation system in a state can be configured.

Next, the circuit configuration of the solar cell module 3 will be described. FIG. 4 shows a circuit of the solar cell module 3 incorporated in the solar cell built-in tile 1. The solar cell module 3 connects a large number of solar cells 4 in series or in parallel, and has a minus pole in units of the module 3,
A DC / DC converter 5 is connected to each output terminal of the positive pole, and a DC voltage of a predetermined voltage is taken out. A minus terminal branched out from each of the minus output and the plus output of the DC / DC converter 5,
One pair of the positive terminals is arranged at each of the four corners of the solar cell built-in tile 1 described above.

Here, each solar cell module 3 has a DC / D
The reason for providing the C converter 5 is that the output of the solar cell module is usually incorporated in one slate roof
In the case where DC power is taken out by connecting solar cell modules 3 incorporated in a large number of tiles 1 in parallel,
Since the current capacity is large and the Joule loss is large, by providing a step-up DC / DC converter 5 in each solar cell module 3, for example, an electromotive voltage of about 3V is boosted to about 300V, and the current capacity is reduced. To take it out. If the number of solar cells 4 in solar cell module 3 is large and a high voltage can be obtained without using a DC / DC converter, DC / DC converter 5 may be omitted.

FIG. 5 shows a circuit configuration of the DC / DC converter 5 in one solar cell module 3. D
The C / DC converter 5 includes a capacitor 51 provided for lowering the output impedance of a series circuit of a large number of solar cells 4 incorporated in the roof body 2 and a voltage detector (VDT) 52 for detecting a voltage between both ends. , Condenser 51
A switching element 53 for switching a DC voltage Vo generated at both ends of the step-up transformer, a step-up transformer 54 for stepping up an alternating current obtained by the switching element 53, a diode 55 for rectifying an output of the step-up transformer 54, and a smoothing capacitor 56. And the switching element 5
3 to control the switching operation of the voltage detector 5
The control operation unit 61, which has confirmed that the DC voltage V0 detected by the second unit 2 is higher than a predetermined voltage, generates and sends a switching signal of the switching element 53. As a result, the voltage Vout detected by the voltage detector 59 detecting the voltage generated at the output
And a current detector 60 for similarly detecting a current flowing to the output.
The power calculation unit 58 obtains the output power based on the current Iout detected by the control unit and the two values, and the control circuit 61 corrects the switching signal so that the obtained output power is maximized. It has a sending function. Note that the voltage conversion by the DC / DC converter 5 only needs to be performed when the solar cell is actually working, that is, only during the time when sunlight is being received.
7. The control circuit 58 uses the power generated by the group of solar cells 4 as a power source.

FIG. 6 shows the connection relationship between the groups of solar cell modules 3 when roofing is performed by the solar cell built-in tile 1 incorporating the solar cell module 3. In FIG. 6, the same applies to FIGS. 1 to 3, but the entire solar cell module 3 is indicated by the symbol of one battery, but this applies to the entire circuit configuration illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5. It is shown.

As shown in FIG. 7, this solar cell power generation system uses a DC / AC converter 8 to convert indoor power into 50 Hz or 60 Hz, 100 V
Alternatively, the connection is performed by converting the AC power into 200 V and supplying the AC power to the load 9.

In such a solar cell power generation system, when a contact failure occurs in the connection between the positive electrode and the negative electrode in the hatched portion A in FIG. 6, a chain line B and a broken line C shown as examples are shown. In the attached bypass path, the positive pole and the negative pole are connected at the same potential, and the power generated by the solar cell module 3 at the portion where the contact failure has occurred can be taken out without waste.

In the first embodiment,
Although the DC / DC converter 5 serving as a power converter is mounted on the output side of the solar cell module 3, a DC / AC converter (inverter) is used instead.
May be adopted to output AC power.
And in that case, AC for conversion to indoor power
/ AC converter will be employed.

Also, without passing through these power converters, the generated power of the solar cell is directly taken out as DC, and
A simple circuit configuration for outputting to the DC / AC converter 8 shown in FIG.

Next, a solar cell built-in tile according to a second embodiment of the present invention and a solar cell power generation system using the same are shown in FIG.
A description will be given based on FIG. The solar cell built-in tile 1 according to the second embodiment is different from a normal Japanese tile (or a Western tile) in that a roof tile is constructed in a grid pattern in a horizontal and vertical direction, and a solar cell is used instead of the roof tile. The module 3 is installed, and the solar cell modules 3 incorporated in each of the tile bodies are respectively provided in the overlapping margins of the four sides overlapping with the other tile bodies 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, and 2-4. The other tile body 2-so that the negative terminal and the positive terminal
In the part that is overlapped under 3, 2-4, on the top side,
The portion that is overlapped on the upper side of the other tile main bodies 2-1, 2-2 is on the lower surface side, and the other tile main bodies 2-1, 2-2, 2-
This is a structure provided at a position where it comes into contact with terminals of the same polarity in each of 3, 2-4 vertically.

The solar cell built-in roof tile 1 of the second embodiment
As shown in FIG. 8, each tile main body 2 is constructed by vertically and horizontally shingling a roof like a traditional Japanese tile or a Western tile.
Can be configured as a solar cell power generation system in a state in which a large number of solar cell modules 3 incorporated in the solar cell module are connected in parallel in the entire roof or in each of the divided areas.

In this manner, a solar cell power generation system having the circuits shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 can be constructed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and one or more of the solar cell modules 3 are disconnected. Even if contact or poor contact occurs, it is possible to connect all of the healthy solar cell modules 3 by bypassing the other solar cell modules 3 and effectively use the power generated by each solar cell module. .

In the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the circuit configuration of the solar cell module 3 employs an inverter as the power converter or the DC power generation of the solar cell. May be directly taken out.

[0026]

As described above, according to the solar cell built-in tile according to the first to third aspects of the present invention, the tile is roofed in a houndstooth check pattern or in a checkerboard pattern, so that each tile has its own tile. The negative and positive terminals between the photovoltaic modules incorporated in each tile naturally contact each other between the tiles that overlap in front, back, left and right, and a large number of photovoltaic modules incorporated in each tile main body are all in the entire roof Alternatively, it is possible to configure a solar cell power generation system in which all of the inside of a predetermined section are connected in parallel, whereby any one or more of the solar cell modules is disconnected or a contact failure occurs. In addition, it is possible to connect all the healthy solar cell modules by bypassing the solar cell modules, and to effectively use the power generated by each solar cell module. It can be.

According to the solar cell power generation system of the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the solar cell built-in tile of the first or second aspect of the present invention is roofed in a houndstooth check pattern, any one of the slate tiled roofs can be used. Even if one or more of the solar cell modules are broken or contact failure occurs, it is possible to connect all the healthy solar cell modules by bypassing that solar cell module, and to generate electric power of each solar cell module. Can be used effectively.

According to the solar cell power generation system of the fifth aspect of the present invention, the roof tiles with the solar cell according to the first or third aspect of the present invention are roofed in a checkerboard pattern. Even if a battery module breaks or loses contact, it is possible to connect all the healthy PV modules by bypassing that PV module, and to effectively use the power generated by each PV module. it can.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a solar cell built-in tile according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded plan view of a solar cell power generation system using the solar cell built-in tile according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a solar cell power generation system using the solar cell built-in tile according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the solar cell module according to the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a DC / DC converter in the solar cell module according to the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the solar cell power generation system according to the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a connection state between the solar cell power generation system of the above embodiment and indoor wiring.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a roof tile with a built-in solar cell according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of a solar cell power generation system using the solar cell built-in tile of the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Roof with solar cell 2,2-1,2-3,2-3,2-4 Roof body 2U Overlap allowance 2D Working allowance 3 Solar cell module 4 Solar cell 5 DC / DC converter 8 DC / AC converter 9 load 100 commercial power supply

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Nobuo Matsui 1-1-1, Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Inside Toshiba Corporation Head Office (72) Inventor Yukinobu Takahashi 1-1-1, Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Stock (72) Inventor Tsuneka Tsuchiya 1-1-1, Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Toshiba Corporation Head Office (72) Inventor Eiichiro Fujii 336 Tatehara, Fuji City, Shizuoka Prefecture Toshiba Fuji Factory ( 72) Inventor Yutaka Sada 1 Toshiba-cho, Komukai-Toshiba-cho, Yuki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture (72) Inventor Tatsuaki Security Inc. 2E108 AS01 AZ01 BB01 BN01 DD05 GG16 5F051 BA03 EA01 EA17 EA20 JA02 JA06 JA08

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A tile body having a solar cell module incorporated in a tile body, and a minus terminal and a plus terminal of the solar cell module are respectively placed on four sides or four corners overlapping with another tile body of the tile body. The lower part is the upper side of the other tile body, the lower part is the upper part of the other tile body, and it is provided at a position where it contacts the same pole terminal of the other tile vertically. Roof tile with built-in solar cell. 2. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the tile body is a slate tile, and a minus terminal and a plus terminal of the solar cell module are provided at four corners overlapping with other tile bodies. Roof with built-in battery. 3. The tile body is a Western tile or a Japanese tile,
The solar cell built-in tile according to claim 1, wherein each of the negative terminal and the positive terminal of the solar cell module is provided on each of four sides overlapping with another tile main body. 4. A solar cell power generation system, wherein the solar cell built-in tile according to claim 1 or 2 is roofed in a houndstooth check pattern. 5. A solar cell power generation system, wherein the solar cell built-in tile according to claim 1 or 3 is roofed in a grid pattern.