JP2000155027A - Level - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a level capable of simply and precisely adjusting the inclinations of a torch and a work against the horizontal plane. SOLUTION: This level 13 measuring the inclinations θ1, ϕ1, θ2, ϕ2 of the beveling line 5 of welding and a torch 2 against the horizontal plane 4 is provided with a bubble tube 8 measuring the inclination of the flat surface against the horizontal plane 4, a protruded V-shaped block section 15 having a pair of reference faces 15A having the inclinations of 45 deg. against the horizontal plane 4 indicated by the bubble tube 18 and perpendicular to each other on the outer faces of a projection, and a recessed V-shaped block section 14 having a pair of reference faces 14A perpendicular to the horizontal plane 4 and perpendicular to each other on the inner faces of a V-groove. The bubble tube 18 is a dish-shaped bubble tube.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a level for measuring horizontality and verticality of a base material, a torch and the like during welding.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when fillets are welded to base materials which are in contact with each other vertically, each base material is inclined at an angle of 45 ° with respect to a horizontal plane so that a groove is directed upward and horizontally. It is known that good welding quality can be obtained by performing downward welding. Also, at this time, by holding the axis of the torch of the welding robot or automatic welding machine vertically to the horizontal plane first, and by holding the torch in a predetermined direction with respect to the groove line from that state, It is also known that good welding quality can be obtained. That is, in order to obtain good welding quality, the groove of the base material and the tip of the torch are
It is necessary to adjust the respective inclinations so as to be horizontal or vertical.

FIGS. 8 and 9 are illustrations of adjusting means for adjusting the horizontality and verticality of a base material and a torch according to the prior art. Hereinafter, when it is referred to as a slope without particular explanation,
It indicates the inclination to the horizontal plane. In addition, when the inclination of the torch is referred to, it indicates the inclination of the axis of the torch.

In FIG. 8, base materials 1 and 1 are fixed perpendicularly to each other, and are held on a work positioner 6 that can adjust the inclination θ1 and φ1 thereof and can fix the base materials 1 and 1. . The inclination θ1 represents the inclination of each of the base materials 1 and 1,
φ1 represents the slope of the groove line 5. Base material 1,1
When adjusting the inclination θ1 and φ1 of the horizontal
Is applied along the groove line 5 so as to be simultaneously in contact with the inner surfaces 1A, 1A of the base materials 1, 1, and one axis of the work positioner 6 is operated to generate air bubbles. The base metal inclination φ1 is adjusted so as to be at the center of the pipe 3. Thereby, the groove line 5 becomes horizontal. Next, a 45-degree flat level 9 having a 45-degree bubble tube 8 is applied to the inner surface 1A of the base material 1, and the other axis of the work positioner 6 is adjusted so that the bubbles come to the center of the 45-degree bubble tube 8. . Thereby, the base material 1,
The inner surfaces 1A, 1A of 1 are adjusted to an inclination of 45 ° with respect to the horizontal plane 4.

FIG. 9 shows the inclination θ of the axis 2 B of the torch 2.
2 shows means for adjusting φ2. In the figure, the tip of the torch 2 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and its side surfaces 16A and 16B, which are out of phase by 90 °, are substantially parallel to the axis 2B of the torch 2. The torch 2 is tilted by a torch inclination θ by a fastening means (not shown).
2, φ2 is fixed so as to be adjustable. Torch tilt θ
2. When adjusting φ2, first, a vertical flat level 12 having a vertical bubble tube 11 is applied to the side surface 16A of the torch 2,
Adjustment is made by the fastening means so that the bubbles come to the center of the vertical bubble tube 11. Then, the vertical flat level 12 is applied to the side surface 16B located at a position perpendicular to the side surface 16A, and adjustment is made by the fastening means so that the bubbles come to the center of the vertical bubble tube 11. Then, after the torch 2 is adjusted perpendicular to the horizontal plane in this way, the posture of the robot or the automatic welding machine is adjusted so that the torch 2 has a predetermined inclination suitable for welding conditions with respect to the groove line 5. I have to.

[0006]

However, the above prior art has the following problems.

First, the shaft core 2B of the base materials 1, 1 and the torch 2
Since the inclinations θ1, φ1, θ2, and φ2 of are adjusted by different flat levels 7, 9, 12, respectively, it is necessary to prepare a plurality of types of flat levels 7, 9, 12;
If even one of them is missing, adjustment becomes impossible. In addition, the flat levelers 7, 9, and 12 must be replaced each time a certain inclination θ1, φ1, θ2, φ2 is adjusted, which causes a problem that the adjustment procedure becomes very complicated.

When the work positioner 6 adjusts the inclination θ1, φ1 of the base materials 1, 1 by moving one rotation axis of the work positioner 6, the base material 1, 1 is moved relative to the other rotation axes. May tilt. for that reason,
A flat level 7 having a horizontal bubble tube 3 and a flat level 9 having a 45 ° bubble tube 8 are simultaneously applied to the groove 5 and the base materials 1 and 1, respectively, and the inclination θ1 of the base materials 1 and 1 is set. , Φ1 is measured while performing the adjustment. However, in this case, it is necessary to observe the two bubble tubes 3 and 8 at the same time, and to intuitively grasp how the torch 2 or the base material 1 is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane 4. Is difficult. As a result, it is difficult to understand how to adjust the work positioner 6, and there is a problem that adjustment is difficult. Such a problem is the same when adjusting the inclinations θ2 and φ2 of the torch 2.

Further, in the prior art, one vertical level 12 is sequentially applied to two side surfaces 16A and 16B of the torch 2 which are perpendicular to each other, and the axis 2B of the torch 2 is adjusted vertically. I have. However, these side surfaces 16A, 16B
Is not always provided with a mark or the like indicating a position where the vertical flat type level 12 is applied. Even if the measurement location where the vertical flat type level 12 is applied is displaced from the side surfaces 16A and 16B, it should be known. There is no. For this reason, it is difficult to accurately apply the vertical flat level 12 to measurement points perpendicular to each other, and it takes a very long time to accurately and vertically adjust the axis 2B of the torch 2. . This is Torch 2
The same applies to the case where two vertical flat-type levels 12 are simultaneously applied to the above.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide a level which can easily and accurately adjust the horizontal and vertical degrees of a base material and a torch. .

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a level gauge for measuring the inclination of a welding groove or a torch with respect to a horizontal plane. A convex-shaped V-shaped block having a set of reference planes on the outer surface of the convex portion, each of which has an inclination of 45 ° with respect to the horizontal plane indicated by the bubble tube, and has a set of reference surfaces perpendicular to each other; A concave V-shaped block having a pair of reference surfaces perpendicular to the inner surface of the V-shaped groove.

According to the invention described in the first configuration, the level includes the bubble tube, the convex V-shaped block portion, and the concave V-shaped block portion, and the convex level of the convex V-shaped block portion is provided. The inclination (horizontality) of the groove is measured when the outer surface is brought into contact with the groove, and the inclination (verticality) of the torch is measured when the inner surface of the V-shaped groove of the concave V-shaped block is brought into contact with the outer surface of the torch. You. in this way,
With one level, the inclination of the groove line and the inclination of the torch in two directions can be measured. Therefore, when adjusting these inclinations, there is no need to replace the level as in the prior art, and the adjustment work is simple and short. Further, since the inclinations in the two axial directions are measured at the same time, the adjustment becomes easier as compared with the case where the inclination of the base material and the torch is measured one axis at a time.

According to a second aspect of the invention, in the level according to the first aspect, the bubble tube is a dish-shaped bubble tube.

According to the invention described in the second configuration, since a dish-shaped bubble tube capable of simultaneously measuring the tilts in two axial directions is provided as a level, only one bubble tube is planar. By observing at an angle, the inclination of the base material and the torch can be grasped more intuitively, and the adjustment work becomes easy.

[0015] In a third aspect of the present invention, in the level according to the first aspect, the bubble tubes are a set of horizontal bubble tubes which are vertically installed on the same plane.

According to the invention described in the third configuration, as the level, a pair of horizontal bubble tubes installed perpendicular to each other can be measured more precisely by increasing the length of the bubble tube. It has. Thereby, the inclination of the base material and the torch can be adjusted more precisely.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In each embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements as those used in the description of the related art and the drawings used in the description of the embodiment earlier than the embodiment, and the overlapping description will be omitted. I do.

First, a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 show a perspective view, a side view, a plan view, and a front view, respectively, of a level 13 according to the present embodiment. In these figures, the level 13 has a substantially L-shape when viewed from the side, has a convex V-shaped block portion 15 which is convex downward at a lower portion, and a concave portion which is outwardly concave at a side portion. It has a concave V-shaped block portion 14 integrally. The upper surface of the convex V-shaped block 15 is a level surface 17, and a dish-shaped bubble tube 18 capable of measuring the inclination of the level surface 17 with respect to the horizontal plane is attached to the upper portion of the level surface 17. Hereinafter, each part will be described in detail.

The dish-shaped bubble tube 18 is, for example, a cylindrical glass tube whose upper end and lower end are hermetically sealed by a glass lid and placed vertically, and the inside of the glass tube is filled with a liquid such as water. The air bubbles have been trapped. At the center of the glass lid sealing the upper end of the glass tube, for example, a center circle 19 having a diameter almost the same as or slightly larger than the bubble is drawn, and by visually observing the relationship between the center circle 19 and the bubble, The inclination of the dish-shaped bubble tube 18 with respect to the horizontal plane 4 can be measured.

The dish-shaped bubble tube 18 is attached to the level surface 17 from above by a calibration screw 21 with a compression spring 22 interposed between the level tube 17 and the plate surface. Dish-shaped bubble tube 1
8 receives a biasing force from below by a compression spring 22 and turns the calibration screw 21 so that the inclination of the dish-shaped bubble tube 18 with respect to the level surface 17 can be adjusted. However,
This dish-shaped bubble tube 18 is adjusted in advance so as to be parallel to the level surface 17 by a measuring device such as a more precise level, and the calibration screw 21 does not easily turn even if it hits an object. As described above, it is desirable to be fixed by means such as a screw lock.

Next, the convex V-shaped block portion 15 has a set of reference surfaces 15A, 15A which are each inclined at 45 ° with respect to the level surface 17 and are perpendicular to each other, on the outer surface of the downwardly convex convex portion. Have. Further, the convex V-shaped block 15
Is provided at the lower end thereof with a bottom surface 24 connecting the lower ends of the pair of reference surfaces 15A, 15A.
It is a plane parallel to. Also, the concave V-shaped block 1
4 is a set of reference planes 14A, 14A perpendicular to the level plane 17;
On the inner surface of the outwardly concave V-shaped groove. Reference surface 14
A and 14A are desirably perpendicular to each other in terms of ease of manufacture and the like, but are not necessarily perpendicular. Then, the level surface 17 and the reference surfaces 14A, 14
A, 15A, 15A and the bottom surface 24 are all precisely polished. This level 13 has a convex V-shaped block 15
And the concave V-shaped block portion 14 are combined in a substantially L-shape, so that the level 13 can be easily attached to the torch 2 when adjusting the horizontality (verticalness) of the torch 2.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of adjusting means for adjusting the inclinations θ1, φ1 of the base materials 1, 1 using the level 13 according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 1, base materials 1 and 1 are temporarily fixed to each other so that their inner surfaces 1A and 1A are perpendicular to each other, and are mounted on a work positioner 6. The work positioner 6 is rotatable with respect to two rotation axes, and is capable of fixing the base materials 1 and 1.

When adjusting the inclinations θ1 and φ1 of the base materials 1 and 1, the reference surfaces 15A and 15A of the convex V-shaped block portion 15 of the level 13 are connected to the base material 1 as shown in FIG. , 1 in contact with the inner surfaces 1A, 1A, respectively. As a result, the level surface 17 of the level 13 is
Each of the inner surfaces 1A, 1A has an inclination of 45 °. Further, the groove line 5 and the level surface 17 of the base materials 1 and 1 are parallel to each other. Then, the work positioner 6 is adjusted from this state, and the inclinations θ1 and φ1 of the base materials 1 and 1 are adjusted so that the bubbles in the dish-shaped bubble tube 18 are substantially at the center of the center circle 19 of the level 13. As a result, the level surface 17 becomes parallel to the horizontal surface 4, and as a result, the inner surfaces 1A, 1A of the base materials 1, 1 are each inclined at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the horizontal surface 4. In addition, the base material 1,
Since the groove line 5 of 1 is also horizontal with respect to the horizontal plane 4, the base materials 1 and 1 are adjusted to a suitable inclination for welding.

Next, FIG. 6 shows a level 1 according to this embodiment.
3 is an explanatory view of an adjusting means for adjusting the axis 2B of the torch 2 perpendicular to the horizontal plane 4 by using FIG. In the figure,
The side surfaces 16A and 16B of the torch 2 are
Are formed in parallel with. Further, the torch 2 is provided with a fastening means (not shown) capable of adjusting the inclination θ2, φ2 of the axis 2B of the torch 2.

As shown in FIG.
When adjusting φ2, the concave grooves of the reference surfaces 14A, 14A of the concave V-shaped block portion 14 of the level 13 are brought into close contact with the side surfaces 16A, 16B of the torch 2. Thus, the level surface 17 of the level 13 is perpendicular to the axis 2B of the torch 2. At this time, the concave V-shaped block portion 14 can be easily attached to the side surface of the torch 2 by a level attaching device 25 such as a rubber band or a band-shaped string having a magic tape (registered trademark) at both ends. . Then, from this state, the fastening means of the torch 2 is adjusted so that the air bubbles in the dish-shaped bubble tube 18 are removed from the center circle 19.
Of the torch 2 is adjusted so as to be substantially at the center of. As a result, the level surface 17 is horizontal, so that the axis 2B of the torch 2 is perpendicular to the horizontal surface 4. At the time of welding, for example, a welding robot or an automatic welding machine may be adjusted from this state so that the axis 2B of the torch 2 has a predetermined angle with respect to the groove 5.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the inclination of the base 2, 1 and the axis 2 B of the torch 2 can be adjusted by only one level 13. This eliminates the need to replace the level 13 when adjusting the inclinations θ1 and φ1 of the base materials 1 and 1 and when adjusting the inclinations θ2 and φ2 of the torch 2, and adjusts the inclinations θ1, φ1, θ2, and φ2. Is simplified.

Further, the inclination θ1, φ1, θ2, φ2 of each of the base materials 1, 1 and the axis 2B of the torch 2 can be adjusted while observing one dish-shaped bubble tube 18.
The current inclination θ1, φ of the base material 1,1 and the torch 2 is compared with the case where the adjustment is performed while comparing the plurality of bubble tubes 3,8,11.
1, θ2, and φ2 are easily intuitively grasped, and adjustment is facilitated.

In the above description, the calibration screw 21 and the compression spring 22 have been exemplified as means for attaching the dish-shaped bubble tube 18 to the level surface 17, but the present invention is limited to such a form. It is not something that can be done. For example, dish-shaped bubble tube 1
8 and the level surface 17 may be precisely calibrated and fixed by means such as bonding.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a level 13 according to the second embodiment. In the figure, a level 13 has a convex V-shaped block portion 15, a concave V-shaped block portion 14, and a level surface 17 provided on the upper surface of the convex V-shaped block portion 15 as in the first embodiment. And two horizontal bubble tubes 3 and 3 installed parallel to the level surface 17 and perpendicular to each other.

The adjusting means for adjusting the inclination of the base materials 1 and 1 and the torch 2 using the level 13 is the same as that described in the first embodiment. That is, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the level 13 is applied to the base materials 1 and 1 and the torch 2.
The work positioner 6 and the fastening means may be adjusted so that the air bubbles in the horizontal bubble tubes 3 are simultaneously located at the center of each of the horizontal bubble tubes 3.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the level 13 has the two horizontal bubble tubes 3 and 3 installed vertically to each other. The horizontal bubble tube 3 can more accurately measure the inclination of the level surface 17 by increasing the length of the bubble tube. Therefore, if such a level 13 is used, the base materials 1, 1 and The inclination of the torch 2 can be measured more precisely.
Therefore, the inclinations of the base materials 1 and 1 and the torch 2 can be adjusted more precisely, and good welding can be performed.

In the first and second embodiments, the level 13 has been described as having the level surface 17, but the level 13 according to the present invention is not necessarily required.
It does not require. That is, instead of having the level surface 17, each reference surface of the convex V-shaped block portion 15 and the concave V-shaped block portion 14 corresponds to the horizontal surface 4 indicated by the bubble tubes 3, 18.
It is sufficient that the angle has a predetermined angle as described in the first embodiment.

The convex V-shaped block 15 and the concave V
Although the character block portions 14 are configured integrally with each other and also with the level surface, the present invention is not limited to such a form, and may be configured by, for example, assembling.

The level 13 according to the present invention has a level surface 1
7, the inclinations θ1, φ1, θ of the base materials 1, 1 and the torch 2 at the time of fillet welding.
2, not only adjust φ2, but also
Since an escape space is formed with respect to the fillet constituted by 1, it is possible to avoid interference with the temporarily attached portion at the corner. Further, the bottom surface portion 24 can be used as a level when the base materials are adjusted horizontally during butt welding. Further, it can be used as a level for measuring a normal horizontal plane.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a level according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a level.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a level.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a level.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a base material inclination adjusting means.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a torch inclination adjusting means.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a level according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a base material inclination adjusting means according to the related art.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of a torch inclination adjusting means according to the related art.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 base material 2 torch 3 horizontal bubble tube 4 horizontal plane 5 groove 6 work positioner 7 horizontal level 8 45 ° bubble 9 45 45 level 11 vertical bubble 12 vertical level 13 level 14 Concave V-shaped block 15 Convex V-shaped block 16A, 16B Side surface 17 Level surface 18 Dish-shaped bubble tube 19 Center circle 21 Calibration screw 22 Compression spring 24 Bottom surface 25 Level mounting means

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A horizontal plane of a welding line (5) or a torch (2).
(4) A level that measures the slope (θ1, φ1, θ2, φ2) with respect to
In (13), a bubble tube (3, 18) for measuring the inclination of the plane with respect to the horizontal plane (4)
And a set of reference planes (15A, 15A, 15A, 15A) which are inclined at 45 ° to the horizontal plane (4) indicated by the bubble tubes (3, 18) and are perpendicular to each other.
A) a convex V-shaped block portion (15) having the outer surface of the convex portion, and a pair of reference surfaces (14A, 14A) perpendicular to the horizontal surface (4).
A level (13) comprising a concave V-shaped block (14) provided on the inner surface of the groove. 2. The level (13) according to claim 1, wherein the bubble tube (18) is a dish-shaped bubble tube (18). 3. The level (13) according to claim 1, wherein said bubble tube (3) is a set of horizontal bubble tubes (3, 3) installed perpendicular to each other on the same plane. Characteristic level (13).