JP2000140192A - Synthesised structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a high degree of the stability and durability of a low-friction synthesized structure adequate for use as a floor material (surface) of an artificial skating link by providing this structure with polymer layers containing the friction decreasing components selected from a group consisting of a silicone resin and silicone oil. SOLUTION: The low-friction synthesized structure 10 consists of a central material 12 and the polymer layers 14 and 16 adhered to the flat surfaces 18 and 20 of this central material 12 and is constituted as a segment. These segments are connected to each other by using connectors fitted into grooves. The polymer layers are formed of the polymers, such as polyethylene, polypropylene and polycarbonate, into which the friction decreasing components selected from the group consisting of the silicone resin and the silicone oil are incorporated. Hydrophobic components, such as potassium stearate, antistatic components, such as glycerol, antioxidants, such as butylated hydroxy toluene, and UV stabilizers, temperature stabilizers and dissociation agents are incorporating at need into these layers.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a low friction composite structure particularly suitable for use as a floor material (surface) of an artificial ice skating rink.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Ice skating as a sport is widely popular and is practiced by many people. However, practicing this sport on natural ice requires both appropriately sized outdoor and indoor links. The construction and maintenance of outdoor links depends on the weather, and such links are not possible in warm climates. Although links using natural ice have been built, such links require extensive cooling tissue integration to keep the ice surface at a suitable temperature and prevent melting. Rinks made of natural ice, whether outdoors or indoors, also need to be renewed regularly to keep the ice surface smooth and easy to skate. Such a new surface usually requires extensive use of ice surface reclaimers, called Zomboni machines.

[0003] Various types of artificial skating rinks have been developed to solve these difficulties. Such artificial links or skate elements are described, for example, below. U.S. Pat.
No. 3,552,746; U.S. Pat. No. 4,030,729; U.S. Pat. No. 4,310,588. All of these are incorporated here. However, there is still a need for an improved artificial ice skating rink surface, which must be economical to incorporate and use, durable and provide an even surface suitable for skating. In addition to using that surface in artificial skating rinks, low friction synthetic surfaces are available in many other ways. Such low friction elements are described, for example, below. US Patent 395059
No. 9, U.S. Pat.No. 4012551, U.S. Pat.No. 4093268,
U.S. Pat.No. 4,102,046; U.S. Pat.No. 4,317,711; U.S. Pat.No. 4,141,873; U.S. Pat.
No. 69904, U.S. Pat.No. 4,178,273, U.S. Pat.No. 4,194,040
No. 4,196,249; U.S. Pat. No. 4,208,462; U.S. Pat. No. 4,320,894; U.S. Pat. No. 4,241,144; U.S. Pat.

[0004]

However, there is a need for an improved composite structure that produces a low friction material that is highly stable and durable, along with a consistent friction reducing material that can be incorporated into the surface.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Our improved low friction composite structure is suitable for use on artificial ice skating rink surfaces or other objects. The low friction composite structure of the present invention has the following configurations (1) and (2). (1) The central substance having a uniform cross section has a constant size,
It has two substantially flat surfaces. (2) at least one polymer (polymer) layer adheres to one of the substantially planar surfaces of the central material;
The polymer layer belongs to a friction reducing component selected from the group consisting of silicone resin and silicone oil.

[0006] Basically, the composite structure of the present invention comprises two polymer layers, each one of the substantially flat surfaces of the central material.
Glued to one. The central substance is wood. The wood is selected from the group consisting of Baltic birch veneer, Finnish birch veneer, rice pine veneer, and medium density fiberboard impregnated with phenolic resin. Alternatively, the central material may be structurally foamed plastic.

Basically, the polymer is polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polydiallyl ester, polytetrafluoroethylene, polymonochlorotrifluoroethylene, a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropane,
It is selected from the group consisting of a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and ethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, epoxy resin, polyurethane, melamine resin, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinyl chloride. Preferably, the polymer is polyethylene, such as high molecular weight polyethylene (HMWPE) or high density polyethylene (HDPE).

[0008] The polymer layer further comprises a hydrophobic component selected from the group consisting of calcium stearate, calcium palmitate, magnesium stearate, magnesium palmitate, stearic acid, and palmitic acid. The hydrophobic component also functions as a dissociating agent.

[0009] The polymer layer may further comprise Cytec 3346, Cytec
6411, including a dissociating agent selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol 2000. This dissociator is also a hydrophobic component.

Similarly, the polymer layer further includes an antistatic component selected from the group consisting of glycerin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monostearate, other glycerin esters, ethyl monostearate, and glyceride. The antistatic component is preferably glycerin.

[0011] The polymer layer further comprises an ultraviolet light stabilizer. The UV stabilizers include 2-alkyl- (2-hydroxyphenyl) -2H-benzotriazole, benzophenone, triazine, phosphonate, resorcinol monobenzoate, bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4). -Piperidinyl) sebacate, 2- (2 "-hydroxy-3 ', 5'-di-t-amylphenyl) benzotriazole, Tinubin 327, Siasorb UV531, Tinubin
It was selected from the group consisting of 622 and 783, Siasorb 3346 and UVAsorb HA88. Similarly, the polymer layer may further include Weston 618-HT, Weston HPM-12, TLPE
A temperature stabilizer selected from the group consisting of:

The polymer layer further contains titanium dioxide as a pigment.

[0013] The polymer layer further comprises an antioxidant selected from the group consisting of butylhydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, octodecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate.

It is desirable that at least one polymer layer be adhered to the substantially flat surface of the central material with a two part epoxy adhesive.

Another composite structure of the present invention is a low friction composite structure consisting of at least two segments.
Each segment has the following configuration (1) and (2), and is connected as shown in the following (3). (1) The central substance having a uniform cross section has a constant size,
It has two substantially flat surfaces. (2) At least one polymer layer adheres to one of the flat surfaces of the central material, the polymer layer belonging to a friction reducing component selected from the group consisting of silicone resin and silicone oil. (3) The segments are assembled by assembling the grooves and splines to form the present structure. The assembling of the groove and the spline is preferably performed through a spline attaching each segment to at least one other segment.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. We have modified the low friction composite structure to be particularly suitable for artificial ice skating rink surfaces. One of the embodiments of this low friction composite structure is the following (1),
It consists of (2). (1) The central substance having a uniform cross section has a constant size,
It has two substantially flat surfaces. (2) at least one polymer (polymer) layer adheres to one of the substantially planar surfaces of the central material;
The polymer layer belongs to a friction reducing component selected from the group consisting of silicone resin and silicone oil.

Basically, the structure includes two polymer layers, each adhered to one of the substantially flat surfaces of the central material. The central substance may be wood. As used herein, the term "wood" refers to all structural materials based on cellulose (cellulose). The structural material comprises, but is not limited to, wood such as natural hardwood, plywood, fiberboard, wood composites, wood laminates, and other wooden structural materials. Basically, the wood is selected from the group consisting of baltic birch veneer, Finnish birch veneer, rice pine veneer, and medium density fiberboard impregnated with phenolic resin.

[0018] The core material may alternatively be a foamed plastic such as foamed polyethylene. The polymer may be, but is not limited to, the following polymers: Polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polydiallyl ester, polytetrafluoroethylene, polymonochlorotrifluoroethylene,
Copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropane, copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and ethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, epoxy resin, polyurethane, melamine resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride. Preferably, the polymer is polyethylene. Particularly suitable polymers include various supplies, such as Philips and General Electric, and the trade name Paxson BA50-100
And high molecular weight polyethylene, such as the 5100 series high molecular weight polyethylene, which can be obtained from MALEX HXM 50100 or the like. Other polyethylene resins such as Dupont Eltrex B5290 high density polyethylene can also be used.

The composite structure further includes a hydrophobic component mixed with the polymer layer. The hydrophobic component is selected from the group consisting of calcium stearate, calcium calcium palmitate, magnesium stearate, magnesium palmitate, stearic acid, and palmitic acid. Preferably, the hydrophobic component is calcium stearate. Other alternative hydrophobic components can also be used. Such a hydrophobic component also functions as a dissociating agent and prevents the foamed plastic from being fixed to the mold.

The composite structure further comprises an antistatic component selected from the group consisting of glycerin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monostearate, other glycerin esters, ethyl monostearate, and glyceride, mixed in the polymer layer. Including. The antistatic component is
Glycerin or glycerin esters are preferred.

The composite structure further comprises at least one UV stabilizer in the polymer layer. UV stabilizers are 2
-Alkyl- (2-hydroxyphenyl) -2H-benzotriazole, benzophenone, triazine, phosphonate, resorcinol monobenzoate, bis (2,
2,6,6, -tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate, 2- (2 "-hydroxy-3 ', 5'-di-t
-Amylphenyl) benzotriazole, Tinubin 327
, Siasorb UV531, Tinubin 622 and 783, Siasorb 334
6. Selected from the group consisting of UVAsorb HA88.

The composite structure further comprises at least one temperature stabilizer in the polymer layer. The temperature stabilizer was selected from the group consisting of Weston 618-HT, Weston HPM-12, TLPE.

The composite structure further contains an antioxidant in the polymer layer. Antioxidants are butylhydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, octodecyl 3,
It was selected from the group consisting of 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate (known as Irganox 1076 and Dovernox 76). The antioxidant is preferably butylhydroxytoluene or octodecyl 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate. The composite structure further includes at least one dissociating agent within the polymer layer to facilitate the extrusion process and provide internal lubrication to the surface of the composite structure. This dissociating agent is also a hydrophobic component. Release agent is Cyte
c 3346, consisting of Cytec 6411 and polyethylene glycol 2000.

The composite structure further includes titanium dioxide as a colorant in the polymer layer to make the surface uniformly white.

Other colorants and optical brighteners are also used in the polymer layer. In particular, blue dye type 82 called Marine Blue is an ideal colorant. Uv for optical brightener
Coumarin derivatives called itex OB or Leucophor EGM are preferred. In addition, various inorganic dye pigments are used.

In addition, the polymer layer of the synthetic structure contains other components. The compounds contained therein are refractory, such as chloride, phosphate ions, triethylene phosphoramide, and / or have a self-extinguishing function.
Instead of a polymer layer, rodent to the surface
At least one component having anti-animal, anti-microbial, and anti-parasitic properties can be incorporated. Such components include isomers such as trichlorobenzene, orthodichlorobenzene, 2-pivaloyl-1,3-indadione, benzophenone, and tin derivatives. Other additives can also be used.

The polymer layer is extruded essentially over a thickness of 4 to 7 millimeters, as indicated by the expected frequency and intensity of use, and ideal service life.

Basically, the high molecular weight polyethylene sheet has a smooth finish when extruded at the top, dulls on the sides, and adheres to one of the substantially flat surfaces of the central material. A dull finish increases the surface area of the sheet, which in turn enhances its adhesion to the central material.

Basically, the dull side of the high molecular weight polyethylene sheet is heat treated to Dyne which reads 60+. The treated polymer immediately adheres to the core material at 1 atmosphere using vacuum bag technology, as used in the aerospace industry. Flat platen compression can also be used in the bonding process.

Basically, at least one polymer layer is adhered to the substantially flat surface of the central material with a two-part epoxy adhesive of Stryk 249A and B or equivalent. The combined elements are stored under pressure for a minimum of 6 hours and for an additional 48-96 hours at room temperature.

The polymer layer may adhere to one or both of the substantially flat surfaces of the central material, depending on the expected life of the composite structure. If you want to extend the years, you can turn the two sides upside down to get a whole new surface.

Once the bonded panel is processed, it is machined to the required dimensions.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a low friction composite structure according to the present invention. Structure 10 comprises a central material 12 and, in this example, 2
There are two polymer layers 14 and 16. The two polymer layers 14 and 16 correspond to the flat surfaces 18 and 2 of the central material 12.
0.

Although the composite structure of the present invention can be a single structure, it is generally preferred that the structure be composed of at least two segments in combination with the segmented low friction surface of the present invention. . Each segment has the following structures (1) and (2), and is connected to form a composite structure as shown in (3). (1) The central substance having a uniform cross section has a constant size,
It has two substantially flat surfaces. (2) at least one polymer (polymer) layer adheres to one of the substantially planar surfaces of the central material;
The polymer layer belongs to a friction reducing component selected from the group consisting of silicone resin and silicone oil. (3) The segments are assembled by assembling the groove and the spline to form the present structure. As indicated above, various additives can be used.

The assembling of the grooves and splines is preferably carried out using precision machined splines, each of which is glued to at least one other segment. That is, the segments are assembled without using nails or adhesives. The splines have precisely vertically aligned panels.

The segmented composite structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. 2 in a cross-sectional view through two segments. Structure 30 includes two sections 32 and 34. Each segment includes a central material 36 and two polymer layers 38 and 40 that adhere to the first and second surfaces 42 and 44 of the central material 36. The first and second segments 32 and 34 are connected through a spline 46.

The spline is desirably made of a durable polymer such as polyvinyl chloride or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymer. In particular
The ABS POLYPLINE is ideal.

Although the composite structures of the present invention can be made without the use of a friction reducing component, it is generally desirable that the polymer layer contain a friction reducing component. This friction-reducing polymer layer was basically selected from the group consisting of silicone resin and silicone oil. The friction reducing component is Dow Cornin containing dimethylphenylmethylpolysiloxane trimethyl
It is more desirable to use a highly viscous silicone oil such as g510 liquid. The silicone fluid has a viscosity of 30,000 centistokes. Basically, the silicone fluid dissolves in an inert, hydrocarbon-based solvent, such as Shell Solvent T. Other hydrocarbon-based solvents that contain primarily aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons and that do not react with silicone may be used instead. Other highly adhesive silicones
Used like Bayer's Basildon. Other high molecular weight silicones may be used.

A substitute for the friction reducing structure of the present invention is also possible. For example, polymer reinforcement can be mechanically reinforced and dimensionally stabilized by internal reinforcement, such as twisted parallel glass fiber bundles. The glass fiber bundles make a braided grid made of open square or rectangular meshes or woven fiber bundles to make woven glass fibers.
The reinforcement may consist of fiberglass bundles or mats that have been cut, glued, or entangled mechanically. As in this option, the reinforcement as high modulus reinforcement consists of two strands of parallel glass fibers. The strands are staggered and the fibers are at right angles to each other. The twists are connected to each other by small intertwined threads. However, such a method is not desirable.

Basically, the composite structure of the present invention has a minimum of 6 mm or more of Indian hemp or industrial carpet lining to provide a moderate resilience to the surface and a modest self-levelness to the surface of the slightly irregular foundation. give.

When using the composite structure of the present invention for skating, silicon is used essentially every two days to maintain a 90% consistent gliding state while maintaining the surface. By comparison, wet ice starts at 100% initial gliding,
During the next hour of skating, the running condition gradually decreases to 85%. By the next hour, gliding status will be reduced to 78% or less. At this point, you have to make the ice surface again using the Zomboni machine.

(Examples) The present invention will be described with reference to the following examples. This example is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the scope of the invention in any way. Table 1 shows an ideal configuration of a polymer layer suitable for use in the structure of the present invention.

[0043]

[Table 1]

[0044]

The present invention has the following effects. 1. Conventional ice skates are used to skate on surfaces. The surface can resemble a natural ice glider, but must pay the high initial equipment, daily maintenance and cooling costs required to use natural ice as a skate surface. However, maintaining the ice required too much energy. However, such is not necessary if the composite structure of the present invention is used. Professional figure skaters rate the composite structure of the present invention to be easier to skate than natural ice because of consistently 90% gliding and virtually no surface grooves I got 2. Compared to skating on natural wet ice, skaters say that their surface is "slipper than wet ice" because there is no need to cool the surface, resulting in less muscle tension and fatigue. saying. Instructors say that students can learn skating faster because they can teach for a longer period of time and maintain their interest in the students. Unlike the surface of various other artificial ice skating rinks, it can be used on conventional steel blade skates. 3. To maintain and maintain the skating rink surface without any breaks, clean the surface at the end of each day of skating, wash the surface once or twice a month, and periodically remove low friction components. Just use. 4. The composite structure of the present invention is easy and quick to assemble,
You don't have to look and cool when using the skating rink surface and can use it for 12 months of the year. 5. Eliminates the need for costly and environmentally dangerous coolants and chlorofluorocarbons. 6. The synthetic structures of the present invention can prevent bacterial contamination, are not flammable and are not addictive. 7. Can be used on any hard surface. 8. The use period is doubled if a composite structure with two polymer layers is used. 9. The low friction composite structure of the present invention can be constructed of any hard surface, can be used on the move, and can be used for a fixed long time. 10. The low friction composite structure of the present invention has similar advantages for use outside skating rinks. 11. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to various ideal forms, other methods and embodiments are possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a low friction composite structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the low friction composite structure of the present invention, in which two segments are connected.

[Explanation of symbols]

 30 Structure 32,34 First and Second Segments 36 Central Material 38,40 Two Polymer Layers 42,44 First and Second Surfaces of Central Material 46 Splines

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing on the front page F term (reference) 4F100 AA21B AH02B AK01A AK01B AK04 AK04B AK07B AK15B AK17B AK18B AK19B AK21B AK33A AK33B AK36B CA AK42B AK44B AK52B02APKBBAPK DB05B DD05B DJ01A DJ01B EC18 EJ82A EJ82B GB08 GB87 JA13A JA13B JB06B JG03B JK16B JL00

Claims (19)

[Claims] 1. A composite structure comprising the following structures (a) and (b): (A) A central substance having a uniform cross section has a constant size,
It has two substantially flat surfaces. (B) at least one polymer (polymer) layer adheres to one of the substantially planar surfaces of the central material;
The polymer layer belongs to a friction reducing component selected from the group consisting of silicone resin and silicone oil. 2. The composite structure of claim 1, wherein the two polymer layers are each adhered to a substantially flat surface of the central material. 3. At least two segments
(A) and (b) in a low friction composite structure having
Is a composite structure in which segments of the above structure are assembled as in the following (c). (A) A central substance having a uniform cross section has a constant size,
It has two substantially flat surfaces. (B) at least one polymer layer adheres to one of the flat surfaces of the central material, wherein the polymer layer belongs to a friction reducing component selected from the group consisting of silicone resin and silicone oil. (C) The segments are connected by assembling a groove formed therein and a connecting tool (spline) that fits into the groove. 4. The composite structure according to claim 3, wherein the assembling of the groove and the spline is performed through a spline that attaches each segment to at least one other segment. 5. A composite structure according to claim 4, wherein each segment comprises two polymer layers and adheres to one of the substantially flat surfaces of the central material. Construction. 6. The synthetic structure according to claim 1, wherein the polymer is polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polydiallyl ester, polytetrafluoroethylene, polymonochlorotrifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene. And hexafluoropropane copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene and ethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, epoxy resin, polyurethane, melamine resin,
A synthetic structure characterized by being selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl chloride. 7. The synthetic structure according to claim 1, wherein the polymer layer is further selected from the group consisting of calcium stearate, calcium palmitate, magnesium stearate, magnesium palmitate, stearic acid, and palmitic acid. A synthetic structure comprising a hydrophobic component. 8. The composite structure according to claim 1, wherein the polymer layer further comprises glycerin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monostearate, other glycerin esters, ethyl monostearate,
A synthetic structure comprising an antistatic component selected from the group consisting of glycerides. 9. The synthetic structure according to claim 1, wherein the polymer layer further comprises butylhydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, octodecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinna. A synthetic structure comprising an antioxidant selected from the group consisting of mates. 10. The composite structure according to claim 1, wherein the polymer layer further comprises an ultraviolet light stabilizer. 11. The composite structure according to claim 1, wherein the polymer layer further comprises Weston 618-H.
A synthetic structure comprising a temperature stabilizer selected from the group consisting of T, Weston HPM-12, and TLPE. 12. The composite structure according to claim 1, wherein the polymer layer further comprises Cytec 3346, Cyte 3346, or Cytec 3346.
c 6411, a synthetic structure comprising a dissociating agent selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol 2000. 13. The composite structure according to claim 1, wherein the polymer layer further comprises titanium dioxide. 14. The composite structure according to claim 1, wherein the at least one polymer layer is adhered to the substantially flat surface of the central material with a two-part epoxy adhesive. Composite structure. 15. The composite structure according to claim 1, wherein the central substance is wood. 16. The composite structure according to claim 1, wherein the central substance is a foamed plastic. 17. The synthetic structure according to claim 6, wherein the wood is selected from the group consisting of veneer veneer, veneer veneer, rice pine veneer, and medium density fiberboard impregnated with phenolic resin. A composite structure characterized by the following. 18. The synthetic structure according to claim 8, wherein the antistatic component is glycerin or glycerin ester. 19. The synthetic structure according to claim 10, wherein the ultraviolet stabilizer is 2-alkyl- (2-hydroxyphenyl) -2H-benzotriazole, benzophenone, triazine, phosphonate, resorcinol monobenzoate, bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate, 2- (2 "-hydroxy-
3 ′, 5′-di-t-amylphenyl) benzotriazole, Tinubin 327, Siasorb UV531, Tinubin 622
A composite structure characterized by being selected from the group consisting of 783, Siasorb 3346, and UVAsorb HA88.