JP2000128678A - Apparatus for producing compost - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for producing compost capable of efficiently promoting fermentation. SOLUTION: In this rotary kiln type compost-producing apparatus P for composting a material W to be treated by charging the material W to be treated into a treating drum 1 and allowing the material W to be treated to stay in the treating drum 1 for a proper time to promote fermentation, the treating drum 1 is housed in a chamber 2. Since the treating drum 1 is housed in a case 20 of the chamber 2, heat release from the outer peripheral part of the treating drum 1 is suppressed and fermentation and water control can efficiently be promoted by keeping atmosphere in the treating drum 1 in a desired high temperature state.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a compost manufacturing apparatus, and more particularly to a novel structure capable of efficiently composting a material to be processed.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION As one form of processing waste such as household garbage (garbage), livestock dung, human waste, sewage sludge, etc., these are composted so that they can be reused. This composting utilizes the fermentation action of microorganisms, and the produced compost itself or the process thereof has little adverse effect on the environment, and although it is preferable as a treatment mode, it has not always been sufficiently popularized.

[0003] As factors that hinder the spread, there are some peripheral social factors such as unstable raw material acceptance and compost demand, but technically, fermentation takes a long time. Therefore, there has been a demand for a solution to such a technical problem.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to provide a technique capable of meeting such a demand, and it is an object of the present invention to develop a new compost manufacturing apparatus capable of efficiently promoting fermentation. It was done.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a compost manufacturing apparatus in which a material to be processed is charged into a processing drum, and the material to be processed is allowed to stay in the processing drum for an appropriate time to promote fermentation to compost. In the rotary kiln type compost manufacturing apparatus described above, the processing drum is housed in a chamber. According to the present invention, since the processing drum is housed in the housing of the chamber, heat radiation from the outer peripheral portion of the processing drum is suppressed, and the atmosphere in the processing drum is set to a desired high temperature state, whereby fermentation and moisture adjustment of the material to be processed are performed. It can be prompted efficiently.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above requirements, the compost manufacturing apparatus further comprises a heating mechanism in the chamber, which is in non-contact with the outer peripheral portion of the processing drum. According to the present invention, heat is supplied to the processing drum by heating the air between the processing drum and the housing of the chamber, and the material to be processed and the atmosphere are set to desired high temperature states to ferment the material to be processed. In addition, it is possible to efficiently promote the moisture adjustment. In addition, since the outer peripheral portion of the processing drum is heated in a contacted state, uneven heating of the drum can be prevented.

Further, in addition to the above requirements, the composting apparatus according to claim 3 is characterized in that the processing drum has a fermentation treatment zone on the input side and a moisture adjustment zone on the discharge side. It becomes as. According to the present invention, since the atmosphere in the processing drum can be made different between the fermentation process and the moisture adjustment, the conditions such as temperature, moisture, and ventilation for compost production are made favorable, and the production efficiency is improved. can do. The problem is solved by using the configuration of the invention described in each of the claims.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A compost manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 show a rotary kiln type compost manufacturing apparatus P, which is provided with a processing drum 1 rotatably with respect to a machine frame F1 formed by appropriately combining steel materials. The chamber 2 is formed so as to be located at The processing drum 1 includes an adjusting device 3 for adjusting the processing atmosphere, and a feeding device 5 and a discharging device 6 for the workpiece W before and after the processing drum 1. Hereinafter, each of the above-described members will be described in detail.

The processing drum 1 is, as an example, a support roller 1 provided with a machine frame F1 having a drum body 10 which is a hollow body formed by forming a metal plate into a cylindrical shape and tapering its front and rear sides.
1 to be rotatable. The structure for the rotation is substantially at the center of the drum body 10.
A chain 14 is wound around an outer peripheral portion thereof and a pulley 13 provided on an output shaft of the speed reducer 12 connected to the motor M1.

On the inner wall of the drum body 10, there are provided a plurality of lifters 15 of various shapes which perform operations such as feeding, crushing, stirring, and scraping of the workpiece W, as shown in FIG. As described above, the internal space of the drum body 10 is, as an example, the first section 10 depending on the form of the lifter 15.
The first to eighth sections 108 are distinguished. As an example, the inner space of the drum main body 10 thus distinguished extends from the first section 101 to the sixth section 106 on the charging port 16 side (right side in the drawing) to the fermentation treatment zone Z1.
On the other hand, the range from the seventh section 107 to the eighth section 108 on the discharge port 17 side (left side in the figure) is defined as a moisture adjustment zone Z2.

Next, the chamber 2 will be described.
This is a drum body 10 of the processing drum 1.
Is a casing 20 made of a metal plate having a heat insulating material stretched inside.
It is a partitioned space that is housed in such a manner as to be covered by a cover. Such a chamber 2 includes, for example, the drum main body 10.
From the first section 101 to the third section 10
3 and a second chamber 2B containing the fourth section 104 to the eighth section 108. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the drum body 10 is exposed between the chamber 2A and the chamber 2B, and the chain 14 is wound around this portion.

An inlet 16 and an outlet 1 formed at the outer periphery of the drum body 10 and at both ends of the drum body 10 are provided.
It is assumed that the vicinity of the housing 7 and the housing 20 maintains confidentiality by appropriately adopting a labyrinth structure or the like.

And, inside the chamber 2,
A plurality of temperature sensors 21 and a panel heater 25 as an example of a heating mechanism are provided. Of course, as the heating mechanism, an appropriate one is selected, such as a type that converts energy supplied from the outside into heat, such as a heating wire, and a type that circulates a heat medium such as water, oil, or air. The location of the panel heater 25 as the heating mechanism may be anywhere as long as the panel heater 25 is in contact with the drum main body 10. In the present embodiment, the panel heater 25 is provided on the inner wall of the housing 20 of the fermentation treatment zone Z1 and the moisture adjustment zone Z2. They were provided in parallel to each other.

Next, the adjusting device 3 will be described. The support frame 18 has an inner pipe 30 made of a steel pipe and one end of which is provided in a spoke shape in the drum body 10.
, And the other end is supported by a bearing 32 provided in the discharge device 6 (to be in a non-rotating state), so that the central axis of the processing drum 1 is in a non-rotating state. Disposed on the inner pipe 30, and a water content adjusting mechanism as appropriate,
It comprises a temperature adjusting mechanism, an air amount adjusting mechanism, a detecting device and the like.

In this embodiment, the fermentation treatment zone Z1 is provided with a temperature adjusting mechanism, an air amount adjusting mechanism and a water amount adjusting mechanism, while the moisture adjusting zone Z2 is provided with a temperature adjusting mechanism and an air amount adjusting mechanism. And Further, the detection device includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a CO ₂ concentration sensor. However, the fermentation treatment zone Z1
The boundary between the water supply zone 36 and the moisture adjustment zone Z2 is not strict, and can be adjusted by appropriately shifting the use position of the water supply nozzle 36 described later back and forth according to the properties of the workpiece W and the like. In addition, this fermentation treatment zone Z1
And the moisture adjustment zone Z2, the chamber 2
It is desirable to provide a partition plate 22 on the inner wall of the device.

Here, the temperature adjusting mechanism and the air amount adjusting mechanism will be described. As shown in FIG.
A pipe T1 is inserted into the inner pipe 30 from the end on the discharge device 6 side, and this pipe T1 is connected to a plurality of air supply nozzles 35 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the inner pipe 30 in the fermentation treatment zone Z1. Similarly, the inner pipe 30
Is connected to the plurality of air supply nozzles 35 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the inner pipe 30 in the moisture adjustment zone Z2.

A discharge unit 5 in a charging device 5 to be described later.
2 is connected to the conduit T3, and forms a flow path leading to the fermentation treatment zone Z1 in a state where the discharge unit 52 is inserted into the inlet 16. The pipe T1, the pipe T2 and the pipe T
3 is a valve V1, a valve V2, and a valve V3, respectively.
The flow path is configured to be openable and closable, and is connected to the ventilation heater 33 and the blower 34.

Next, the mechanism for adjusting the amount of water will be described.
As shown in FIG. 4, a pipe T4 is inserted into the inner pipe 30 from the end on the discharge device 6 side, and this pipe T3 is connected to the inner pipe 3 in the fermentation treatment zone Z1.
0 is connected to a plurality of water supply nozzles 36 provided on the outer periphery.
The pipe T4 is configured to be able to open and close a flow path by a valve V4, and is connected to a pump 37.

Next, the detection device will be described. A cable connected to an appropriate control panel is inserted into the inner pipe 30, and this cable is connected to an appropriate sensor 38 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the inner pipe 30 (this embodiment). (In the embodiment, a temperature sensor is used.) In addition, since the humidity sensor and the CO ₂ concentration sensor cannot be attached to the outer peripheral portion of the inner pipe 30, the sampling pipe 39 for gas suction is made to protrude from a hole formed in the surface of the inner pipe 30 in a state in which the drum is mounted. Body 10
Drum body 1 collected from here
It is configured to send the atmosphere inside 0 to a gas analyzer or the like provided outside. Incidentally, these air supply nozzles 35 and water supply nozzles 3
6. It is preferable to provide an air supply mechanism for purging the sensor 38 and the sampling pipe 39.

Next, the charging device 5 will be described. The motor M is applied to a machine frame F2 formed by appropriately combining steel materials.
2 comprising a screw conveyor 50 driven by
The processing frame 1 is provided with wheels 51 at a lower portion thereof, and is installed so as to be able to travel on a rail R laid on the side of the loading port 16 of the processing drum 1. Then, as shown by the phantom line in FIG. 2, in a state where the charging device 5 moves on the rail R and approaches the processing drum 1, the discharge unit 52 of the screw conveyor 50 is moved to the charging port 16 of the processing drum 1. In contrast, it is in an inserted state. The discharge section 52 has a so-called double pipe structure in which the trough of the screw conveyor 50 is enclosed by a pipe having a larger diameter, and the pipe T3 is connected to the outer pipe.

Next, the discharge device 6 will be described. In this device, a hollow body 61 containing the same is fixed to the machine frame F1 so as not to hinder the rotation of the discharge port 17 in the drum body 10, and below a hollow portion 62 provided in a lower portion of the hollow body 61. And a screw conveyor 63 disposed therein. Further, the hollow body 61 is provided with an exhaust port 64 at an upper portion, and further provided with a bearing 32 at a position facing the exhaust port 17 in the drum main body 10. One end of 30 is supported.

Compost manufacturing apparatus P to which the present invention is applied
Is configured as described above, and the operation state of this device will be described below. Although not shown, the following are disposed as peripheral devices of the compost manufacturing apparatus P in the compost manufacturing plant. First, as the material to be treated W, a mixture of sludge, raw garbage, slaked lime, dried sludge, and the like is used, and therefore these storage tanks and a mixer are provided. Further, the air exhausted from the compost manufacturing apparatus P contains a large amount of moisture and further has a bad smell.

(1) Start-up of the device (i) Start of the adjusting device First, the blower 34 and the ventilation heater 33 in the adjusting device 3 are started, and the valves V1 and V2 are opened, so that the drum from the air supply nozzle 35 is opened. Hot air is supplied into the main body 10. Subsequently, the motor M1 in the processing drum 1 is started, and the drum main body 10 is moved to 1r. p. Rotate about m.

(Ii) Activation of Heating Mechanism At the same time, the panel heater 25 in the chamber 2 is activated to heat the air between the housing 20 and the drum body 10.

Eventually, the temperature of the atmosphere in the drum body 10 is increased by being heated by the heat of the hot air supplied to the inside and the heat of the panel heater 25 conducted from the outside of the side circumference. The opening and closing of the valves V1, V2 and V3 and the adjustment of the amount of heat radiation of the panel heater 25 are performed appropriately so that the detection value of the temperature of the atmosphere in the drum by the sensor 38 becomes an appropriate temperature. In the present embodiment, the optimum temperature of the atmosphere in the fermentation treatment zone Z1 is 60 ° C., while the optimum temperature of the atmosphere in the moisture adjustment zone Z2 is 60 to 70 ° C. Of course, the optimum temperature varies depending on the properties of the material to be treated W and the microorganism used.

(2) Injection of Material to be Treated When the temperature of the atmosphere in the drum body 10 reaches a desired value, the material to be treated W (having a water content of 40 to
0% W. Then, the discharge unit 52 is inserted into the charging port 16 of the processing drum 1 and supplied into the drum body 10. At this time, seeding of microorganisms is performed if necessary.

(3) Fermentation Process The material to be processed W supplied into the drum main body 10 is first subjected to fermentation treatment in the fermentation treatment zone Z1, and is crushed by various lifters 15 for each section.
The stirring target material W is supplied with water necessary for fermentation by the adjusting device 3, and is brought into contact with an atmosphere suitable for fermentation in which the temperature or the amount of air has been adjusted, so that the fermentation is efficiently promoted. It is what is done.

(4) Moisture Adjustment Subsequently, the material to be treated W that has reached the moisture adjustment zone Z2 has a volume at this time reduced to about の of that at the time of introduction by fermentation, and has a water content of 40% W . It is about B. Then, moisture adjustment is performed subsequent to the fermentation treatment, and the material to be treated W comes into contact with the atmosphere in which the temperature or the amount of air has been adjusted by the adjusting device 3, whereby the moisture adjustment is efficiently promoted. Things.

(5) Compost discharge 30% W. Material W to be treated with water content of about B
The (compost) is conveyed toward the discharge port 17, passes through the opening 62, is fed into the screw conveyor 63, and is sent to the subsequent steps.

[0030]

According to the present invention, since the processing drum 1 is housed in the chamber 2 and the heating mechanism is provided in a non-contact state with the outer peripheral portion of the processing drum 1, heat radiation from the processing drum 1 can be prevented. The processing drum 1 can be heated without heating unevenness, and the death of microorganisms due to partial high temperature or the delay of fermentation due to low temperature can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a compost processing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view and a vertical sectional front view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a right side view, a longitudinal side view and a left side view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a skeleton diagram showing the inside of a processing drum and an adjusting device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 processing drum 2 chamber 2A chamber 2B chamber 3 adjusting device 5 charging device 6 discharging device 10 drum body 11 support roller 12 reduction gear 13 pulley 14 chain 15 lifter 16 input port 17 discharge port 18 support frame 20 housing 21 temperature sensor 22 partition Plate 25 Panel heater 30 Inner pipe 31 Bearing 32 Bearing 33 Ventilation heater 34 Blower 35 Air supply nozzle 36 Water supply nozzle 37 Pump 38 Sensor 39 Sampling pipe 50 Screw conveyor 51 Wheel 52 Discharge unit 61 Hollow body 62 Opening 63 Screw conveyor 64 Exhaust port 101 first section 102 second section 103 third section 104 fourth section 105 fifth section 106 sixth section 107 seventh section 108 eighth section Deployment F1 machine frame F2 machine frame M1 motor M2 motor P composting apparatus R rail T1 line T2 conduit T3 line T4 line V1 Valve V2 Valve V3 Valve V4 valve W workpiece Z1 fermentation treatment zone Z2 moisture control zone

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI theme coat ゛ (reference) C05F 7/00 301 B09B 3/00 301B F term (reference) 4D004 AA02 AA03 BA04 CA18 CA22 CA48 CB09 CC08 CC11 DA01 DA02 DA03 DA06 DA09 DA10 4D059 AA01 AA07 BA03 BA47 BK01 CC01 CC06 EA06 EA09 EA10 EB06 EB09 EB10 4H061 AA03 CC35 CC36 CC51 CC55 EE66 GG16 GG18 GG48 GG67

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A rotary kiln type composting apparatus in which a material to be treated is charged into a processing drum, and the material to be treated is allowed to stay in the processing drum for an appropriate time to promote fermentation and compost. A compost manufacturing apparatus characterized by being housed inside. 2. The compost manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a heating mechanism is provided in the chamber so as not to be in contact with an outer peripheral portion of the processing drum. 3. The compost production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processing drum has a fermentation treatment zone on the input side and a moisture adjustment zone on the discharge side.