JP2000120532A - Reciprocating compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively relieve a pulsative motion without entailing enlargement in a compressor, bring its sharp pulsation reduction effect into full play even in limited silencer capacity, suppress a passage loss, and besides, to prevent new noise due to overpressure from occurring. SOLUTION: This reciprocating compressor is provided with a discharge chamber 2 of a cylinder head 15 and a projection part 6 extending as traversing an inlet chamber 4 in a range from a partition wall 3 to regulate the inlet chamber 4 to an outer wall of the cylinder head 15 as those being lower than the outer wall in height. Then, a first communicating hole 5 leading to the outside after passing through the inlet chamber 4 from the discharge chamber 2, is formed in the projection part 6, and likewise a second communication hole interconnecting an extending end of the first communicating hole 5 and a damping chamber 1 installed in the outer block of a cylinder block 16 is installed in the cylinder head 15.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a compressor for air conditioning of a vehicle, and more particularly to a reciprocating compressor equipped with a single piston.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a reciprocating compressor disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-254181 (hereinafter referred to as Prior Art 1).

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a reciprocating compressor according to the prior art 1. As shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a reciprocating compressor 50 has a plurality of bores 51 arranged side by side, and a cylinder block 52 constituting an outer shell of the reciprocating compressor 50;
A crank chamber 56 is formed inside the cylinder block 52.
53 that closes the front end (lower side in FIG. 6) of the housing 53
A drive shaft 57 rotatably supported by the cylinder block 52 and the housing 53; and a sealing member 5 defining a discharge chamber 42 and a suction chamber 44 therein and including a valve plate device.
A cylinder head 76 for closing the rear wall (upper side in FIG. 6) of the cylinder block 52 through the cylinder head 4 and a crank chamber 56
Swash plate 64 mounted on drive shaft 57 inside
Single-headed piston 71 that moves directly in bore 51 in cooperation with 5
And

[0005] The reciprocating compressor 50 according to the prior art 1
, The cylinder block 52 and the cylinder head 7
6, muffler chambers (pressure reduction chambers) 77, 78 whose opening sides face each other are stretched, and the open end sides of both pressure reduction chambers 77, 78 are integrally extended from the sealing member 54 '. 54
Due to the intervention of a ', the structure is simultaneously sealed.

Other reciprocating compressors include:
There is one disclosed in JP-A-8-114182. A general feature of the reciprocating compressor disclosed in this publication is that a pressure reducing chamber is provided for alleviating discharge pressure pulsation and separating oil in the refrigerant gas.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a typical example of this type of compressor (referred to as prior art 2). Referring to FIG. 8, the reciprocating compressor 60 includes a suction chamber 44 of a cylinder head 55.
A discharge chamber 42 is defined on the center side of the container via a partition 43. The suction chamber 44 is connected to an external refrigerant circuit (not shown) by a suction gas passage forming a suction port (not shown). Further, the discharge chamber 42 is provided with a pressure reduction chamber (silencer chamber) 41 integrally formed around the cylinder block 52 separately from the discharge chamber 42. The discharge chamber 42 and the pressure reduction chamber 41 are connected to a gas passage (communication hole). ) 46.

In the conventional reciprocating compressor, it is also well known that, as a general method of reducing discharge pulsation, the communication hole for the pressure reduction chamber of the discharge chamber or the external refrigerant circuit is reduced (downsized). .

[0009]

However, in the above-mentioned prior art 1, the pressure reduction chamber 7 whose open side faces the outer peripheral portion of the cylinder block 52 and the cylinder head 76.
7 and 78, and the open edges of both pressure reduction chambers 77 and 78 are simultaneously sealed by the intervention of the partition 54a 'extending integrally from the sealing member. , 78 hinders the initial objective of reducing pressure pulsation without increasing the length of the compressor.

[0010] Further, since many accessories are present around the engine of a vehicle on which a reciprocating compressor is mounted, the space between the compressor and the external refrigerant circuit is secured in the engine room when the vehicle is mounted. Although it is often around the cylinder head 76, in the reciprocating compressor according to the prior art 1 described above,
The connection ports with the vehicle are provided in the pressure reduction chambers 77 and 78 of the enlarged cylinder head 76, and the volume of the pressure reduction chamber increases for the vehicle mounting and the pressure pulsation mitigation effect.

On the other hand, in the reciprocating compressor of the prior art 2, the discharge pulsation from the compressor may be transmitted to the discharge hose, and may generate noise in the vehicle. In order to reduce the discharge pulsation, a problem in using the prior art 2 is that the pulsation reduction effect when the pressure suppression chamber 41 is provided cannot be sufficiently reduced when laid out in the vehicle space. .

Further, when the discharge hole or the communication hole is narrowed, if it is too small, excessive compression in the cylinder bore is caused, which causes deterioration of vehicle noise.

Further, when the discharge gas outlet path (discharge hole) and the suction gas introduction path are arranged adjacent to each other, the arrangement of the suction gas introduction path is limited, and the adaptability to the vehicle is poor. I had.

Accordingly, a first technical object of the present invention is to provide a reciprocating compressor that can effectively reduce pressure pulsation without increasing the length of the compressor.

A second technical object of the present invention is to exhibit a significant discharge pulsation reduction effect even in a limited silencer volume, to suppress a flow path loss and to prevent generation of new noise due to overcompression. It is an object of the present invention to provide a reciprocating compressor capable of performing the above.

[0016]

According to the present invention, there is provided a cylinder block having a plurality of bores juxtaposed to form an outer shell of a compressor, and a housing for forming a crank chamber therein and closing a front end of a cylinder block. A drive shaft rotatably supported on the cylinder block and the housing, a discharge chamber and a suction chamber defined therein, and a cylinder head for closing a rear end of the cylinder block via a sealing member; In a reciprocating compressor having a single-headed piston that moves directly in the bore in cooperation with a swash plate element mounted on the drive shaft in a crank chamber, an outer periphery of the cylinder block extends from the discharge chamber of the cylinder head. A first reciprocating compressor is provided in which a first communication path is provided so as not to block the space of the suction chamber up to the pressure reduction chamber provided in the section.

Further, according to the present invention, in the reciprocating compressor, the compressor extends across the suction chamber from a partition defining the discharge chamber and the suction chamber of the cylinder head to an outer wall of the cylinder head. A convex shape having a height sufficiently lower than the height of the outer wall is provided, and the first communication passage passes through the suction chamber from the discharge chamber in a convex shape, and the extending end of the first communication passage is A reciprocating compressor is provided on the cylinder head so as to communicate with the pressure reduction chamber.

Further, according to the present invention, in any one of the reciprocating compressors, an opening of the pressure reducing chamber provided in the cylinder block is sealed by the cylinder head via the sealing member. Thus, a reciprocating compressor is obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, in any one of the reciprocating compressors, a connection port to an external refrigerant circuit is provided in the cylinder head, and the pressure reduction chamber is connected to the connection port. Thus, a reciprocating compressor is obtained.

According to the present invention, in any one of the reciprocating compressors, a connection port for connecting to an external refrigerant circuit is provided directly in the pressure reduction chamber. Is obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, in the reciprocating compressor, a second connection between the pressure reduction chamber and the connection port is provided.
The reciprocating compressor is characterized in that the communication passage has a smaller diameter than the first communication passage communicating with the extension end and the pressure reduction chamber provided inside the outer periphery of the cylinder block. Can be

According to the present invention, a plurality of bores for accommodating the piston in a reciprocating manner are formed in the cylinder block, and a cylinder head is connected to an end surface of the cylinder block via a valve plate device. In the cylinder head,
A discharge chamber and a suction chamber are defined, and a first communication passage communicating with the discharge chamber and the pressure reduction chamber is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder block. In a reciprocating compressor in which a connection port having a discharge hole for discharging a discharge gas from the pressure reduction chamber to an external refrigerant circuit is coupled to an end surface of the pressure reduction chamber, a hole forming the first communication passage is formed. A reciprocating compressor having a configuration in which the cross-sectional area S2 of the discharge hole formed in the connection port is equal to or smaller than the cross-sectional area S1 is obtained.

According to the present invention, in the reciprocating compressor, the discharge chamber is defined by an inner wall of the cylinder head at a center side of the suction chamber, and the first communication passage is formed by: A reciprocating compressor is provided which is formed in the cylinder head so as not to block the space in the suction chamber so as to reach the pressure reduction chamber from the suction chamber.

According to the present invention, in any one of the reciprocating compressors, the volume V1 of the discharge chamber in the cylinder head is formed to be larger than the volume V2 of the pressure reduction chamber. Thus, a reciprocating compressor is obtained.

According to the present invention, in the reciprocating compressor, the length of the first communication passage is longer than the length of the discharge hole. can get.

Further, according to the present invention, in the reciprocating compressor, the first communication passage has a bent portion, and the reciprocating compressor is obtained.

[0027]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a reciprocating compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG.
The reciprocating compressor 10 includes a cylinder block 52 having a plurality of bores 51, a cup-shaped housing 53 provided at one end of the cylinder block 52, and having one end opened. The cylinder head 15 is provided via the valve plate device 54 so as to cover the other end.

The interior of the housing 53 and the housing 5
A crank chamber 56 is defined by one end of the cylinder block 52 in contact with one end of the cylinder block 52. A shaft (drive shaft) 57 extends from one end of the housing 53 through the crank chamber 56 to the cylinder block 52.
Is provided.

One end of the shaft 57 is supported by a front plate 53 a at the other end of the housing 53 via a bearing 58. Reference numeral 59 denotes a crankcase 5 from the outside.
6 is a seal member for hermetically sealing 6.

The other end of the shaft 57 is supported in the center of the cylinder block 52 via a bearing 62, and the other end is a positioning ring urged in the axial direction of the shaft 57 by a coil spring 63. It is supported by 62.

A swash plate 64 and a rotor 65 are provided adjacent to the swash plate 64 around the crank chamber 56 at the center of the shaft 57. The rotor 65 is fixed to the shaft 57,
When the shaft 57 rotates, it also rotates around the axis. One end surface of the rotor 65 is a front plate 5
It is rotatably supported by a thrust bearing 66 provided on the inner wall portion 3a. Rotor 65 and swash plate 64
Means the connection hole 65a provided in the rotor 65 and the swash plate 6
4 are connected via a connecting member 67 including a pin 64a provided on the fourth member 4. Further, the other end surface of the rotor 65 and the swash plate 6
A coil spring 68 is provided around the shaft 57 between itself and one end of the coil spring 68.

In the bore 51 of the cylinder block 52,
The piston 71 is provided so as to be able to reciprocate in the central axis direction of the shaft 57. At one end of the piston 71, a compression surface for compressing the refrigerant is formed, and at the other end, a shaft 5 is provided on the side.
A recess 72 is provided which opens toward the central axis of 7. The edge 64 a of the swash plate 64 is accommodated in the recess 72 so as to be in contact with the pair of shoes 73. The rotation of the piston 71 around the central axis including the swing in the direction along the central axis in the plane including the central axis of the shaft 57 of the edge 64 a of the swash plate 64 by the shaft 57 causes the piston 71 to bore the bore of the cylinder block 52. The shaft 51 reciprocates in the direction along the central axis of the shaft 57.

At a part around the cylinder block 52,
An outer shell 74 defining a pressure-reducing chamber is formed so as to protrude to the side.

Up to the above, the configuration similar to that of the prior art is provided.

The reciprocating compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention is different from those according to the prior arts 1 and 2 in the configuration of the valve plate device, the cylinder head and the like.

That is, the valve plate device 54 extends to the outer periphery of the pressure suppression chamber so as to seal the opening of the pressure reduction chamber, and includes a valve plate body 81 and a gasket 82 provided on one surface of the valve plate body 81. And a suction hole 85 and a discharge hole 86, and communication holes 11 and 12 are respectively provided therethrough.

FIGS. 2 and 3 are views showing a state where the reciprocating compressor of FIG. 1 is cut off at a contact portion with a valve plate device. FIG. 2 is a view showing a cylinder block opening side, FIG. Indicates the cylinder head opening side. Referring to FIG. 1 and additionally to FIG. 2 and FIG.
A discharge chamber 2 is formed at the center and a suction chamber 4 is formed around the discharge chamber 2 by a partition wall 3 inside the partition 5. A discharge valve member 83 is fixed to the valve plate main body 81 by screws 84 on the discharge chamber 2 side so as to cover the discharge hole 86 connected to the cylinder bore 51.

A part of the discharge chamber 2 inside the cylinder head 15 is provided with a first communication hole 5 extending in the cylinder head 15 so as to communicate with the communication port 12. Around the hole 5, there is further provided a second communication hole 7 communicating from the communication port 11 to the vehicle-side connection port 8. The suction chamber 2 and the first communication hole 5 are separated by a ridge portion 6. Reference numeral 14 denotes a portion that comes into contact with the valve plate device 54 to seal the pressure reduction chamber 1.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a reciprocating compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The reciprocating compressor 20 shown in FIG. 4 has substantially the same configuration as that shown in FIG. 1 except that the configuration of a cylinder head and a valve plate device forming a sealing member for sealing a cylinder bore is different. .

As shown in FIG. 4, the cylinder block 52
A silencer (pressure reduction) chamber 1 having an outer shell 74 and a vehicle-side connection port (vehicle-side discharge hole) 18 for connecting the silencer chamber 1 to an external circuit are formed around the periphery of the silencer chamber 1. The silencer room 1 is provided with a communication port 12.

The cylinder head 17 is formed by the partition 3
The discharge chamber 2 and a suction chamber 4 formed around the discharge chamber 2 are defined. Communication port 12 between discharge chamber 2 and silencer chamber 1
The communication path 5 is provided so as to communicate the following. The communication path is formed by projecting from the center toward the outer periphery of the suction chamber 4 by the convex 6 as in the case of FIG.

In the second embodiment, assuming that the volume of the silencer chamber 1 is V2 and the volume of the discharge chamber is V1,
1> V2.

The relationship between the cross-sectional area S1 of the communication hole 5 and the cross-sectional area S2 of the vehicle-side discharge hole 18 is such that S1 ≧ S2.

With this configuration, according to the reciprocating compressor according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the overcompression of the fluid in the cylinder is reduced, and the discharge pulsation is greatly reduced, as specifically shown below. The effect is obtained.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the effect of reducing the discharge pressure pulsation of the reciprocating compressor 20 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. For comparison, the prior art 2 shown in FIGS. 3
The same characteristics of the reciprocating compressors are also shown.

Referring to FIG. 5, the reciprocating compressor according to the second embodiment, which is indicated by the curve 31, has the curves 101, 10
It is apparent that the discharge pressure pulsation is smaller at any rotational speed than the reciprocating compressors according to the prior arts 2 and 3 shown in FIG.

[0048]

As described above, according to the present invention,
It has a connection port in the cylinder head that is easy to connect to the vehicle side refrigerant circuit without expanding the space required for mounting the compressor, and has a pressure suppression chamber inside, and the communication installed before and after this pressure suppression chamber The hole functions as a restricting portion, and it is possible to provide a reciprocating compressor in which the expansion type calming function is further enhanced.

In the present invention, the discharge gas passage is provided with a ridge extending across the suction chamber at a height sufficiently lower than the height of the partition wall. Since the discharge hole and the pressure-reducing chamber can be communicated without dividing the suction chamber due to the formation of the opening hole, the suction chamber is reduced due to the separation of the suction chamber, and the space between each bore is reduced. It is possible to provide a reciprocating compressor that can prevent generation of noise due to uneven suction efficiency.

Further, according to the present invention, even when the volume of the pressure suppression chamber is limited, a significant discharge pressure pulsation reduction effect can be exhibited, and the fluid loss can be suppressed and the generation of new noise due to overpressure can be prevented. A reciprocating compressor can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a reciprocating compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a cylinder block opening of the reciprocating compressor of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view showing a cylinder head opening of the compressor of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a reciprocating compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a pressure pulsation suppressing effect of the reciprocating compressor of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a reciprocating compressor according to the related art 1.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the reciprocating compressor of FIG. 6, taken along line AA.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a reciprocating compressor according to the related art 2.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1,41 Suppression chamber 2,42 Discharge chamber 3,43 Partition wall 4,44 Suction chamber 5 (First) communication hole 6 Convex 7 Communication hole 8,18,75 Vehicle side connection port 10,20,50 Reciprocating type Compressor 11, 12, 13, 87 Communication port 14 Suppression chamber sealing portion 15, 17 Cylinder head 46 Communication hole 47 Restricted portion 51 Bore 52 Cylinder block 53 Housing 54 Valve plate device 54 'Sealing member 54a' Partitioning member 55 Cylinder Head 56 Crank chamber 57 Shaft 58 Bearing 59 Sealing member 64 Swash plate 65 Rotor 66 Thrust bearing 67 Connecting member 71 Piston 72 Recess 73 Shu 74, 79 Outer part 76 Cylinder head 77, 78 Muffler chamber 81 Valve plate body 82 Gasket 83 Discharge valve Mechanism 84 Bolt (fixing member) 85 Suction hole 86 Discharge hole

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yujiro Morita 20th Kotobukicho, Isesaki-shi, Gunma Sanden Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 3H076 AA06 BB01 BB02 CC28 CC92 CC93 CC94 CC95 CC99

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A cylinder block having a plurality of bores arranged side by side to form an outer shell of a compressor, a housing for forming a crank chamber inside and closing a front end of a cylinder block, and a cylinder block and a housing rotatably mounted on the cylinder block and the housing. A supported drive shaft, a cylinder head that defines a discharge chamber and a suction chamber therein, and closes a rear end of a cylinder block via a sealing member, and is mounted on the drive shaft in the crank chamber. In a reciprocating compressor including a single-headed piston that moves directly in the bore in cooperation with a swash plate element, the reciprocating compressor includes a cylinder head, from the discharge chamber to a pressure-suppressing chamber provided in an outer portion of the cylinder block. A reciprocating compressor, wherein a first communication path is provided so as not to block the suction chamber space. 2. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 1, wherein said reciprocating compressor extends across said suction chamber from a partition wall defining said discharge chamber and said suction chamber of said cylinder head to an outer wall of said cylinder head. A convex shape having a height sufficiently lower than the height of the outer wall is provided, and the first communication path passes through the suction chamber from the discharge chamber in a convex shape, and the extending end of the first communication path is compressed. A reciprocating compressor is provided on the cylinder head so as to communicate with a chamber. 3. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 1, wherein an opening of the pressure reducing chamber provided in the cylinder block is sealed by the cylinder head via the sealing member. Characteristic reciprocating compressor. 4. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 1, wherein a connection port to an external refrigerant circuit is provided in the cylinder head, and the compression port and the connection port are connected to each other. A reciprocating compressor characterized by being connected. 5. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 1, wherein a connection port for connecting to an external refrigerant circuit is provided directly in said pressure reduction chamber. Type compressor. 6. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 4, wherein a second communication passage connecting the pressure reduction chamber and the connection port is provided inside the extending end and an outer portion of the cylinder block. A reciprocating compressor having a smaller diameter than the first communication passage communicating with the pressure reduction chamber. 7. A plurality of bores for accommodating a piston in a reciprocating manner are formed in a cylinder block, and a cylinder head is connected to an end surface of the cylinder block via a valve plate device. A chamber and a suction chamber are defined, and a first communication passage communicating with the discharge chamber and the pressure reduction chamber is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder block. In a reciprocating compressor in which a connection port having a discharge hole for discharging discharge gas from the pressure reduction chamber to an external refrigerant circuit is connected to an end surface of the pressure reduction chamber, a hole forming the first communication path is cut off. A reciprocating compressor having a structure in which a sectional area S2 of a discharge hole formed in the connection port is equal to or smaller than an area S1. 8. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 7, wherein said discharge chamber is defined by an inner wall of said cylinder head at a center side of said suction chamber, and said first communication passage is provided with said suction passage. A reciprocating compressor is formed in the cylinder head so as not to block the space in the suction chamber from the chamber to the pressure reduction chamber. 9. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 7, wherein a volume V1 of the discharge chamber in the cylinder head.
Is a reciprocating compressor characterized by being formed to have a volume larger than the volume V2 of the pressure reduction chamber. 10. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 9, wherein a length of said first communication passage is longer than a length of said discharge hole. 11. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 9, wherein said first communication passage has a bent portion.